1、简单句和并列句高考英语简单句和并列句用法速查速记考点一简单句简单句就是由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。简单句有五种基本句式，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式演变而来。一、主语谓语(不及物动词)例：Whats worse, I dont communicate well in my family.更糟糕的是，在家庭中我不善交流。And I can play outside too!我也可以在外面玩！二、主语谓语(及物动词)宾语宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当。例：I plan to find a parttime job in a foreign capi
2、tal company.我计划在一家外资公司里找一份兼职。三、主语系动词表语1本句式中的连系动词以be为最多。此外还有少数其他的连系动词，如appear, become, get, grow, look, prove, remain等。2表语多为形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。例：This is surely a good chance for more people to see them.对于更多的人来说这确实是观看它们的一次好机会。 The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among
3、us students. 我们报纸的“外国文化”栏目在我们学生中很受欢迎。四、主语谓语(及物动词)间接宾语直接宾语1该句式中表示人的是间接宾语，表示物的是直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面，直接 宾语在后面。如果将间接宾语置于直接宾语之后，则需借助介词to或for。2要跟双宾语的动词有：ask, bring, buy, cost, fetch, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, read, return, save, sell, send, show, take, teach, tell, write等。例：Now, on behalf of my school
4、mates, I wish you a safe return.现在，我代表全校同学，祝你们一路平安。五、主语谓语(及物动词)宾语宾语补足语1宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况，直接跟在宾语之后。2作宾语补足语的主要是名词、形容词、不定式和分词，副词和介词短语等也可以用 作宾语补足语。(1)要跟名词或形容词作宾语补足语的及物动词有call, consider, choose, elect, feel, find, get, keep, make, name, paint, push, set, suppose, think, turn等。(2)动词不定式作宾语补足语的三种情况：要跟带to的不定
5、式作宾语补足语的及物动词有ask, expect, force, get, order, permit, persuade, tell, want, warn等。要跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有have, make, let, hear, notice, see, watch, feel等。动词help后作宾语补足语的不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。例：Your contribution will certainly make the event a huge success.你的投稿将会使得这次活动获得巨大成功。In fact, he inspires me to major in
6、 English in college.事实上，他鼓励我在大学主修英语。考点二 并列句并列句由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词(短语)连在一起。一、常考并列连词表示转折、对比关系but, yet(然而), while(然而，强调对比)表示并列/递进关系and, both.and., not only.but (also)., neither.nor.等表示选择关系or, either.or., not.but.等表示因果关系so, for(一般不放在句首)等例：Not only can a beautiful smile make ourselves
7、happy, but also it enables others to feeldelighted.一个灿烂的笑容不仅能使我们自己高兴，而且能使他人感到愉快。The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.这次失败对他来说是个很大的打击，但他并没有感到沮丧，并且很快便像以前一样充满热情。He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail
8、.由于他的视力下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。注意：but不与although/though连用，但yet, still可与although/though连用。 二、特殊并列连词及并列句1when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and this/that time。常用于下列句式：be about to do sth. when.正要做某事，这时突然be on the point of doing sth. when . 正要做某事，这时突然be doing sth. when . 正在做某事，这时突然had done sth. when . 刚做完某事，这时突然例：I was dri
9、ving down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.我正开车去伦敦，这时突然发现自己走错了路。She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.昨天她刚完成家庭作业，她妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。2“祈使句and/or陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语。例：In any unsafe situation, simply press the button an
10、d a highlytrained agent will get you the help you need.在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的代理人就会使你得到你需要的帮助。I.单句语法填空用适当的连词填空。1. It was an extremely dark，lonely country road. Neither a single person_any traffic was in sight at all.2. Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way to success is our fe
11、ar. Overcome it， _we will be able to achieve our goals.3. The event will make Lanzhou beef noodle well-known not only across Lanzhou, _across the world through the Belt and Road Initiative thanks to the participation of the two countries noodle masters.4. Around7:30am, she was lying on her surfboard
12、 with her left arm in the water _a 14-foot-long tiger shark attacked her，severing her left arm just below the shoulder.5. She didnt know anything about current TV shows_fashion trends.6. 20% of the chefs considered a meal in a fancy restaurant as the best one in their lives，and another 10%said that
13、a meal while they were on vacation with their wife_husband was the best of all time.7. This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink，_ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time.8. Some animals，like people，eat both plants _animals.9. I used to think that the fly
14、ing car was a ridiculous idea. _I changed my mind this morning when Is at in heavy traffic.10. I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate _ a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me.11. White-collar workers in China are willing to postpone their retirement age _bl
15、ue-collar workers prefer to retire early.12. For much of that time，she wanted to fly，_ never had the chance until now.13. As a visitor or guest in _a Chinese home or restaurant，you will find that table manners are essential in our daily life! 14. The visitors had just left the museum_they heard a bo
16、mb explode at the exit.15. However，it is reported that eating bad food for along term not only makes us put on weight but can lead to other health problems such as diabetes，and that it can also affect our mental state_result in depression.16. Whether I was in the car，the house，_anywhere else，there w
17、as sure to be some Beatles， or Buddy Holly played in the background.17. I am not afraid of tomorrow，_ I have seen yesterday and I love today.18. Some passengers were waking through one of the big halls at the Airport_the whole roof fell down.19. Most importantly，though， remember the following old ru
18、le：try to eat different food，_ not too much.20. I was driving home late at night _my car lost momentum(动力) and got slower and slower.单句改错 1. All the way we appreciated the beautiful scenery and fresh air，so a few of us picked flowers while going sightseeing.2. All my friends were so excited to start
19、 their own lives，and I just wasnt sure whether I was ready for that yet.3. I hope my first model experience will be both enjoyable or unforgettable.4. Although it was very difficult at first，but with the help of my teacher, I made rapid progress. Just as the old saying goes, Where there is a will, t
20、here is away.”5. It is often said that the joy of travelling is not in arriving at your destination and in the journey itself.6. One day，I was skiing down a mountain while I saw a girl aged about 15who had fallen. 7. In addition，parents love shown in this way can also help their children strengthen
21、confidence or hold a positive life attitude.8. All of us listened attentively but answered questions correctly.9. While someone from the north of China may need the speech of someone from the south interpreted, but it is not usually necessary to have written documents translated.10. One lady even pr
22、aised me but asked her son to learn from me.11. He said, “I was in the kitchen with my wife and children while we heard aloud noise.”12. My dear friends, dont afraid of problems，but take advantage of them to be the best of ourselves.13. Never losing heart and youll make a quick advance in your proje
23、ct.14. How an interesting country to live in!15. We all run to escape but fortunately no one was injured.III.语篇语法填空WhenpolicefoundBarely,19yearsold,livinginatent,insteadofadormitoryinGordonStateUniversity,theywerepreparedtodrivehimaway. Thentheyheardhisstory.Barelyhadplannedtowalktocollege(1)_hecoul
24、dntaffordabusticket, (2)_itwouldbetootiring. (3)_herodesixhoursfromhishometownonhislittlebrothersbike, carryingallhispossessionsa bag, atent, twobottlesofwater (4)_aboxof food in order to start his secondyear(5)_abiologymajor.He arrived early to look for a job, (6) _ no luck. Touched byhisstory,Offi
25、cer Richard (7)_ his partner put Barely up at a motel with their ow money. Word spread (8)_soonpeopledonatedclothes,schoolsupplies(9)_moneytocovertherestofhismotelstay-hewas even given a job. (10)_ then there was Casey, who started a GoFundMe page for Barely after spending time with him.“This kid, t
26、hough weak in appearance, rode a bike for 6 hours in the hot weather. I thought thatheisdetermined.”She wrote on her Facebook page. The funreached $184,000, all of which went into an educationtrustforBarely. I.单句语法填空1. nor 考查固定搭配。句意为：既看不到一个人，也根本看不到一辆车。neither.nor为固定搭配， 意为“既不也不2.and考查“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”
27、。后句句意为：克服它，我们就能够达到我们的目标。前后为顺承关系， 故用and。3.but(also)该活动将不仅使兰州牛肉拉面在兰州被熟知.也会通过“一带一路”倡议被全世界的人们熟知。此处考查的是not only.but(also) .结构， 意为“不仅.而且.4.when句意为：大约在上午七点半左右，她正躺在她的冲浪板上，左臂放在水里，就在那时一条14英尺长的虎鲨袭击了她，咬断了她肩部以下的左臂。Be doing sth.when.为固定句型， 其中when为并列连词，意为“正在做某事，这/那时突然5.or句意为：她对于当前的电视节目和流行趋势一无所知。or用在表示否定意义的动词后表示“也不
28、，也不是，也没有”的意思。根据本句中表示否定意义的“didnt know”可知设空处填or。6.or根据空前的“wife”和空后的“husband”可知，和妻子或者丈夫度假时吃的饭菜是他们人生中的最佳美食，空处表示选择关系。7.but空前表示他们不像我们那样一口喝下， 空后表示他们更喜欢一次喝一小口；根据上下文可知，空处前后为转折关系， 故用转折连词but。8.and句意为：一些动物，例如人类，既吃植物也吃动物。both.and.为固定搭配， 意为：既.也.9.But考查连词。used to do意为“过去常常”，含有“现在不这样”的意思，故此处表转折。过去认为(研制)飞行汽车是个荒谬的主意，
29、但是今天早上当我困在拥堵的交通中时，我改变了想法。10.when hardly.when.意为 “一.就” 为固定用法，符合语境，故用并列连词when。11.while句意：在中国，白领愿意推迟退休年龄而蓝领则更希望早退休。并列连词while在此表示对比。12.but她想飞，但一直没有得到机会，前后为转折关系.故填but。13.either根据空后的or可知， 这里填either构成either.or.“.或者.”结构。句意：作为一个游客或者客人，在中国人的家里或者餐馆里，你会发现餐桌礼仪在我们的日常生活中很有必要。14.when 句意：这些游客刚离开博物馆就听到出口处传来炸弹爆炸的声音。这里
30、用had just done sth.when.句式表示“刚做完某小就15.and“影响精神状况”与“导致抑郁”是顺承关系，故用并列连词and。16.or句意：无论我是在车里、在房间里，还是在其他任何地方，肯定会有甲壳虫乐队或者巴迪霍利的背景音乐在播放。the car，the house与anywhere else之间为选择关系， 设空处表示“或者”， 故填or。17.for句意：我不惧怕明天，因为我已经看到了昨天并热爱今天。根据句意可知，前后两个分句之间为因果关系(前果后因)，故填起解释作用的并列连词for。18.when句意：一些乘客正步行穿过机场的其中一个大厅时， 大厅的整个顶部突然全掉
31、了下来。be doing.when.为固定句型， 意为“正在这时突然19.but/yet考查连词。根据语境可知，尝试吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多。根据句意可知，空处应用转折连词。20.when考査状语从句。句意：我深夜正驾驶在回家的路上，突然汽车失去动力，变得越越慢,分析该句结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句。be doing.when意为“正在做某事时突然.单句改错1.sobut句意：一路上我们欣赏美丽的景色，但是有人摘花。前后表示转折关系， 故将so改为but。2.andbut句意：我所有的朋友都为开始新的生活而激动，但是我却不知是否已做好了准备。前后为转折关系， 故将and改为but。3.o
32、rand此处应是both.and.构成的并列关系。4.去掉but或将but改为yet although意为“尽管”，不与but连用.因此删除but或将but改为yet。5.andbut句意：人们常说旅行的快乐不在于你到达了目的地而在于旅程本身。not.but. “不是而是”，连接两个并列成分，符合句意。6.whilewhen be doing sth.when.为固定搭配， 意为“正在做某事， 突然”。故将while改为when.7.or and此处指帮助孩子增强自信并对生活持积极态度， 前后是并列关系而不是选择关系，故用and不用or。8.butsand并列连词错误。前后是顺承关系而不是转折
33、关系， 故用并列连词and。9.删除but句首While意为“尽管：虽然”， 不能和but连用。10.butand praised和asked是并列关系， 用and。11.whilewhen 此处表示当我们听到一阵很大的噪音时，“我”和妻子以及孩子们正在厨房。表示“当.时”， 用连词when。12.dont后加be句意为：我亲爱的朋友，不要害怕问题.而要充分利用问题使我们自己成为最佳。“dont afraid of problems”为祈使句的否定形式， 形容词afraid前需加上系动词be。13.losinglose 句意：别灰心，你的项目会很快取得进展的。本题为“祈使句十and十陈述句”结
34、构， 故前面句子应用动词原形。14.HowWhat根据后面的名词country可知， 应用what引起感叹。15.butsand句意：我们大家都跑着逃脱，庆幸没人受伤。根据句意前后应为顺联而非转折关系。III.语篇语法填空1.for/since/because/as根据语境可知，空后句子内容hecouldntaffordabusticket和空前是因果关系。 2.but herodesixhoursfromhishometown onhislittlebrothersbike根据下文可知这里应该是转折。 3.So 填空处和上文hecouldntaffordabusticket,买不起车票之间是
35、因果关系。4. and 空面的aboxof food 和空前a bag, atent, twobottlesofwater 是并列关系 5. as 解析：start.as 作为.开始6.but 解析：上文He arrived early to look for a job和空后面内容是转折关系 7. and 解析：空前Officer Richard 和空后内容 his partner是并列关系 8. and 解析：空前内容Word spread 和空后内容是并列句soonpeopledonatedclothes. 9. and 解析：空前clothes,schoolsupplies和空后面money是并列关系10.And解析：And then 引出下文there was Casey.
