1、目录第五节 非谓语动词本节目录考点串讲重难突破模拟演练能力提升目录考 点 串 讲 重 难 突 破考点一 非谓语动词作状语要点浓缩1不定式作状语(1)不定式用来作目的状语:作目的状语时,不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语,这里往往译作“为了,想要”.(2011高考重庆卷)More TV programs，according to government officials，will be produced to raise peoples concern over food safety.根据政府官员的说法，将创作更多的电视节目以提高人们对食品安全的关注。There were many talen
2、ted actors out there just waiting tobe discovered.很多有天赋的演员就在那里等待被发现。目录(2)不定式用于so.as to.；such.as to；enough to；too.to;only to等结构中作结果状语。Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle?你能不能行行好，借给我你的自行车？He is such a fool as to think that his strange behaviour can affect others.他如此愚蠢以至于认为他奇怪的行为会影响他人。He hu
3、rried to the booking office only to have been told all thetickets had been sold out.他匆忙去了售票处，结果被告知所有的票已经卖完了.目录【温馨提示】不定式和现在分词作结果状语的区别：不定式作结果状语往往表示意想不到的结果，而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。It rained heavily in the south，causing serious flooding inseveral provinces.南方雨下得很大，导致几个省发生洪灾。目录2现在分词作状语(1)动词的ing短语作状语表示在进行一动作
4、的同时所进行的另一动作，它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。动词的ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。(2012高考陕西卷)Standing in a long queue,we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.我们站在长长的队伍中等商店开门了买新款iPad。(2011高考陕西卷)More highways have been built in China,making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.中国又建了
5、很多公路,这使得人们出行变得更加容易了.目录(2)现在分词有：一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式，每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not构成.一般式(doing)表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作;被动式(being done)表示正在进行的被动的动作；完成式(having done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作；完成被动式(having being done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作。Having been told many times，he finally understood it.被告诉了许多次，他终于明白了。Not having fully reco
6、vered from the operation，the patient was advised to stay in hospital for another two weeks.手术后还没有完全康复,这位病人被建议再住院两周.目录3过去分词作状语(1)过去分词作状语和现在分词作状语一样，修饰主句的谓语动词，意义上相当于状语从句,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随状况等。(2011高考四川卷)Offered an important role in a new movie,Andy has got a chance to become famous.安迪在一部新影片中被提供给一个重要的角色，他得到了
7、一个成名的机会。Reminded not to miss the flight at 1520，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.由于被提醒不要错过1520的航班,他匆忙出发去了机场.目录(2)某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构中。此时这些过去分词既不表示被动,也不表示完成,而表示一种状态，这样的词有：lost(迷路的)，seated(坐),hidden(躲)，lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿着),tired of(感到厌倦)等,不管它们作什么成分都不用其-ing形式.Lost
8、in the mountains for a week，we were finally saved by the local police.在大山里迷失一个星期，我们最终被当地警察所救。Absorbed in his book，he didnt notice me enter the room.专心读书，他没注意到我进入房间。目录经典品味1(2011高考天津卷)_into English，the sentencewas found to have an entirely different word order.ATranslating BTranslated CTo translateDHa
9、ving translated 解析：选B。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：被译成英语后，我们发现这个句子有了一个完全不同的语序。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应和句子主语保持一致，本句中的主语the sentence与translate间为逻辑上的被动关系,故排除A、C、D三项，只有B项表示被动，故为答案。目录2(2012高考福建卷)Pressed from his parents，and_ that he has wasted too much time，the boy isdetermined to stop playing video games.ArealizingBrealized Ct
10、o realizeDbeing realized 解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可判断，and在句中连接了两个并列的表示原因的状语，即Pressed fromhis parents和_that he has wasted too much time，它们的逻辑主语都是句子的主语the boy，而the boy和realize之间构成了逻辑上的主谓关系，故用realize的现在分词形式作状语，表示原因。B项为被动形式；C项为动词不定式，表示动作还未发生；D项为现在分词的被动式，表示被动，均不符合句意。目录3(2012高考重庆卷)_to work overtime that evenin
11、g，I missed a wonderful film.AHaving been asked BTo ask CHaving asked DTo be asked 解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。句意：那天晚上被要求加班,我错过了一场好电影.分析题意可知说话者是被要求加班的,需用被动结构，故可排除表主动的B、C两项；D项to be asked表“将被要求”，不符合句意。只有A项表达“已被要求”。目录4(2012高考四川卷)Tom took a taxi to the airport，only _ his plane high up in the sky.Afinding Bto find Cbei
12、ng found Dto have found 解析：选B。考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆乘出租车去机场,却发现他要乘坐的飞机高高地飞在空中。由语境可知，此处指出乎意料地发现飞机起飞了。only to do表示出乎意料的结果，故选B项。目录5(2012山东潍坊三县市上学期联考)_ a lift on herway，Jenny finally managed to get to the station in time.AOfferedBOffer COfferingDTo offer 解析：选A。句意：珍妮在路上搭乘了便车，最后设法及时赶到了车站。Jenny与offer之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词
13、短语作状语。目录考点二 非谓语动词作定语要点浓缩1动词不定式作定语 动词不定式可用在被the first，the second，the last，theonly和最高级等限定的名词或代词的后面作定语。He is always the first to come and the last to leave school.他总是第一个来最后一个离开学校的人。We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.我们被邀请参加下周五在我们俱乐部举行的聚会。(2011高考湖南卷)The ability to express an id
14、ea is asimportant as the idea itself.表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。目录2现在分词作定语 现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。(2011高考江苏卷)Recently a survey comparing prices of thesame goods in two different supermarkets has caused heateddebate among citizens.近来一次把两个不同商场同类商品价格做一比较的调查引发了市民的激烈讨论。目录3过去分词作定语 过去分词(短语)作定语与它
15、所修饰的名词在逻辑上有被动关系，表示该动作的被动或完成。(2011高考福建卷)Tsinghua University，founded in 1911，ishome to a great number of outstanding figures.建于1911年的清华大学是无数杰出人物的摇篮。目录经典品味1(2012高考浙江卷)“Its such a nice place，”Mother said as she sat at the table _ for customers.Ato be reserved Bhaving reserved Creserving Dreserved 解析：选D。
16、考查非谓语动词。句意:“这个地方真不错”,当妈妈坐在为顾客预留出来的桌子旁时说。根据句意及对句子结构的分析可以看出，_for customers为定语，修饰the table。the table与定语中动词reserve之间为被动关系,故应使用过去分词短语作定语。A选项作定语，表示动作尚未发生，与该语境不符；B选项一般不用作定语；C选项作定语时与被修饰词构成主动关系，与本句情况不符.目录2(2012高考湖南卷)The lecture，_ at 700 pm lastnight，was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.
17、Astarting Bbeing started Cto start Dto be started 解析：选A。考查非谓语动词作定语。两个逗号之间的部分为定语，修饰the lecture，被修饰词the lecture与定语中的动词start为主动关系，应使用现在分词短语作定语，该定语可转换为定语从句which started at 700 pm last night。B项为being done结构，作定语时，表示“正在被”；C项为动词不定式的主动式，作定语时，表示动作尚未发生；D项为动词不定式的被动式，作定语时，表示“将要被”.目录3(2012高考重庆卷)Were having a meet
18、ing in half anhour.The decision_at the meeting will influence thefuture of our company.Ato be made Bbeing made Cmade Dhaving been made 解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。句意：我们半小时后将要举行一个会议。会议的决定将影响我们公司的未来。题干中“in half an hour”和“will influence”都表示将来，由此可知The decision是将被做出的，to be made正合题意；而being made表“正被做出”。made和having been
19、made都表“已被做出”，故A项正确。目录4(2012北京西城期末)What will todays talk be about?In the lecture _，the professor will tell us something about modern English usage.Afollowing Bfollowed Cto follow Dto be followed 解析：选C。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作the lecture的后置定语，且the lecture与follow之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，又根据答语中的“will tell”可知，此处表示将来的概念,因此用不定
20、式的主动式作后置定语。目录5(2012昆明调研)According to the report，people in the_ areas are rebuilding their homes and many roads_ to the areas have been repaired.Aflooded；leadBflooding；leading Cflooding；to lead Dflooded；leading 解析：选D。句意：据报道，洪灾区的人们正在重建他们的家园，并且很多通往灾区的路也已经修好了。flooded意为“被水淹的”；many roads和lead之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故
21、用leading。目录考点三 非谓语动词作宾语要点浓缩1过去分词作宾语补足语 过去分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。(2011高考重庆卷)Michael put up a picture of Yao Mingbeside the bed to keep himself reminded of his own dreams.迈克尔把姚明的画像挂在床边，目的是提醒自己记住自己的梦想。(2011高考浙江卷)Even the best writers sometimes findthemselves lost for words.甚至最好的作家有时候也会
22、表达不出来。Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps hercolleagues amused with her stories.露西很有幽默感，总是讲故事让她的同事消遣。目录2现在分词作宾语补足语 现在分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语,该动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。现在分词作宾语补足语强调正在进行的主动动作，即动作过程的一个部分。可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see，watch，hear，observe,feel，find，have，keep等。They use computers to keep the traffic
23、 running smoothly.他们使用电脑使交通畅通无阻。Listen！Do you hear someone calling for help?听！你听到有人正在求救吗？目录经典品味1(2012高考四川卷)I looked up and noticed a snake_ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.Ato windBwind CwindingDwound 解析：选C。考查非谓语动词。句意：我抬头看，注意到一条蛇蜿蜒向树上爬去，去捕捉它的早餐。a snake后接宾语补足语，a snake与wind之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾语
24、补足语。notice后不接带to的动词不定式作宾补，故排除A项；B项强调看到全过程，不符合语境；D项表被动.目录2(2012南京一模)In the job interviews，job applicants often find themselves _ unexpected questions，some very difficult to answer.Ato ask Basked Cto be asked Dasking 解析：选B。分析句子结构可知，ask和themselves是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用asked作find的宾语补足语。目录3(2011高考安徽卷)Tom asked the
25、 candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ into small pieces.Abreak Bbreaking Cbroken Dto break 解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。句意：汤姆问糖果制造商们是否可以把巧克力做得更容易弄碎些。beeasy/difficult/hard.后常跟不定式的主动形式表示被动意义，故答案为D项。目录考点四 非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语要点浓缩1动名词作主语(1)动名词或不定式都可以在句中作主语，但在下列句型中常用动名词作主语。Its not easy to learn English well
26、.Reading as much aspossible is necessary.学好英语不容易，广泛阅读是有必要的。As is known to us，it is no good learning without practice.众所周知，只学习不实践没有好处。目录(2011高考北京卷)Its important for the figures to be updated regularly.对数字进行定期更新很重要。(2)若主语和表语都是非谓语动词，应保持形式上的一致.Seeing is believing.(To see is to believe.)眼见为实。2动词want，need
27、，require意为“需要”时，后面跟动名词主动式或动词不定式的被动式作宾语区别不大。The flowers need/want/require watering/to be watered.这些花需要浇水。目录3动词不定式和动词ing形式可用作宾语。(1)afford，agree，ask，decide，desire，expect，fail，hope,manage，promise，pretend，plan，intend，refuse，wish，seem等动词后要接不定式作宾语。如：(2011高考上海卷)Today we have chat rooms，text messaging，emaili
28、ng.but we seem to be losing the art of communicating facetoface.现在我们有聊天室，能传递文本信息，还可发电子邮件 但是我们似乎正在失去面对面交流的技能。She has a hot temper，but you will grow to like her.她脾气很急，但你会渐渐喜欢她的。目录(2)admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，dislike,enjoy，escape，excuse，finish，imagine，keep，mind,miss，practise，risk，resist，sug
29、gest等动词后要接动词ing形式作宾语。如：Bill suggested holding a meeting on what to do for theShanghai Expo during the vacation.比尔建议开一个关于假期期间为上海世博会做些什么的会议.(3)cant stand，give up，feel like，keep on，insist on，lookforward to，put off，devote.to，object to，be busy(in)，get down to，have difficulty/trouble(in)，have a good/wonde
30、rful/hard time(in)，have fun等短语后要接动词ing形式作宾语。如：目录I had great difficulty finding the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.在那个餐馆，我很难从菜单上找到合适的食物。(4)动词like，love，prefer，hate，continue等后接不定式或动词ing形式作宾语均可。但表示经常性的动作要用动词ing形式，表示具体的行为要用不定式。如：I like swimming，but I dont like to swim this afternoon.我喜欢游泳，但
31、今天下午不想去。(5)介词后一般要接动词ing形式作宾语。但介词but/except后接不定式作宾语时，如果前面有实义动词do，不定式就要省略to。如：目录Upon arriving at the airport，he delivered an important speech.刚到机场，他就发表了重要演讲。(2012高考陕西卷)If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but to meet an even greater challenge.如果他承担这份工作，他将别无选择，只有迎接更大的挑战。(6)可用动词-ing，也可用不定式作宾语
32、，但意义区别明显的动词：forgetto do sth.忘记去做某事未做doing sth.忘记做过某事已做regretto do sth.对即将做的事表示遗憾未做doing sth.对做过的事表示后悔已做目录tryto do sth.尽力去做某事doing sth.试着做某事go onto do sth.继续做另一件事doing sth.继续做原来做的事rememberto do sth.记着去做某事未做doing sth.记着做了某事已做mean to do sth.打算做某事doing sth.意味着做某事I still remember being taken to the Famen
33、 Temple and what I saw there.我仍记得别人带我去过法门寺，并记得在那里所看到的一切。目录4动词不定式、动词ing形式和过去分词可用作表语(1)当动词ing形式或过去分词作表语时，它们大多数是已经形容词化的动词ing形式或过去分词，而且大多数是与心理状态有联系的词。如：The story sounds interesting.那个故事听起来有趣。She is interested in the story.她对那个故事感兴趣。目录(2)表示一般的概念时，不定式、动词ing形式可以互换，而表示具体的个别的动作或有将来含义时,一般用不定式.如:What she likes
34、 is watching(to watch)children play.她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。My wish is to become a good teacher.我的愿望就是要当个好老师。目录经典品味1(2012高考安徽卷)I remembered _ the door before I left the office,but forgot to turn off the lights.Alocking Bto lockChaving locked Dto have locked 解析：选B。考查动词。句意：离开办公室前我记得锁门了,却忘了关灯。remember“记得；记着”，后接
35、动名词和动词不定式意义不同，前者意味着动作先于remember发生,后者意味着动作没有发生或者后于remember发生。本题根据语境，lock的动作后于remember，是“记得去做某事”,而不是“记得曾经做过某事”。目录2(2012合肥第一次质检)How pleased the girl was _that she got the first place in the English speech contest!Alearn Blearned Cto learning Dto learn 解析：选D。句意：当女孩得知她获得了英语演讲比赛第一名时，她多么高兴啊！本句陈述句形式是“The gi
36、rl was pleased to learn that she got the first place in the English speech contest.”。目录3(2012江苏启东中学摸底考试)The difficulty the couplehad_their lost child was soon forgotten when they discovered her.Afound Bfind Cfinding Dto find 解析：选C。考查非谓语动词。本题中含有have difficulty(in)doing sth.结构。句意：这对夫妇在找到丢失的孩子后很快忘记了寻找时
37、的困难。目录4(2012江苏南通第一次调研)_Chinese culturewith overseas cultures is a challenging job，but you willlearn a lot from it.AComparingBCompared CHaving comparedDCompare 解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，这里缺少主语，选项中只有A项Comparing是动名词形式，可以作主语，由此选A项。目录考点五 have，get后接三种形式作宾补要点浓缩have，get后接三种形式作宾补时，其中have，get表示“使、让、叫”之意。1have st
38、h.doneget sth.done使/让某事由别人去做(叫/让某人做某事)Every year，Tom remembers to have some flowers sent toher mother on her birthday.每年，汤姆记着在母亲生日那天给她寄些花。Alexander tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles.Alexander试图使他的工作被医学界认可。目录【温馨提示】have sb.doing若用于否定句中，其中have有“容忍”之意。I wont have you speaking to yo
39、ur dad like that.我不允许你和你父亲那样讲话。2.have sb./sth.doing使/让某人/物持续地做某事v.-ing形式表主动，正在进行get sb./sth.doing使某人/物开始行动起来He had the light burning all night which made his parents very angry.他让灯亮了一整晚，这使他父母很生气。目录3.have sb.do sth.get sb.to do sth.使/让/叫某人去做某事He had the bouncers throw them out of the club.He got the
40、bouncers to throw them out of the club.他叫保安人员把他们轰出了俱乐部。目录经典品味1(2012高考四川卷)Before driving into the city，you arerequired to get your car _.Awashed Bwash Cwashing Dto wash 解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。句意：在开车进入这个城市之前，你需要洗干净你的车子。空格处在句中作宾语补足语,wash与宾语your car之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词表被动。get sth.done“使某物被”为固定用法。目录2(2012北京重点高中尖子生综合素质展
41、示)Whom do you expect to have _ the problem of overloaded school buses?Asolve Bto solve Csolved Dsolving 解析：选A。句意：你希望让谁来解决校车超载的问题？expect to do sth.表示“期望做某事”，have sb.do sth.表示“让某人做某事”。本句是对“expect to have sb.do sth.”中的宾语sb.进行提问。目录3(2011高考陕西卷)Claire had her luggage _ an hour before her plane left.Acheck Bchecking Cto check Dchecked 解析：选D。考查非谓语动词。句意：在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱尔对行李进行了安检。check与luggage之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词形式表示被动，构成“have宾语过去分词”结构,表示“找人做”或“使被”.目录模 拟 演 练 能 力 提 升目录本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放
