1、语法专题突 破专题四 非谓语动词英 语2023高 考 总 复 习 优 化 设 计GAO KAO ZONG FU XI YOU HUA SHE JI内 容 索 引增素能 精准突破测效果 课堂评价增素能 精准突破一、作定语【真题语境】单句语法填空1.(2021新高考全国卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your _(ac
2、he)legs.2.(2019全国卷)Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award,proud Irene declared she had no plans _(retire)from her 36-year-old business.achingto retire单句改错3.(2020全国卷)I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs,and I thought it must be easy to cook.fryingfried【用法点拨】动词-ing形式动词-ing形式与被修饰的名词之间为主谓关系或表示正在进行
3、的、主动的动作(having done/having been done不作定语)。The boy swimming in the lake is my brother.不定式动词不定式作定语与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系、动宾关系或同位关系:表示将来的动作;修饰被序数词、最高级或no/all/any/only等限定的词;用来修饰的词是抽象名词。The boy is often the first to come.过去分词过去分词与被修饰的名词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,表示已经完成或被动(不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示已经完成)。The retired worker is sweepin
4、g the fallen leaves on the road.二、作状语【真题语境】单句语法填空1.(2021浙江卷)Marys sister,Frances Todd Wallace,often came over _(plant)flowers in the front yard.2.(2021全国甲卷)After _(spend)some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall,we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride o
5、n a piece of history!3.(2021全国乙卷)Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim _(have)a low impact on the natural environment.to plantspendingto have4.(2021新高考全国卷)I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage,_(think)it is food.5.(2021新高考全国卷)I decide
6、d to do something _(educate)people about this problem.6.(2020全国卷)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 _(find)and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.7.(2020全国卷)The next morning he hired a boat and set out _(find)the well-known painter.8.(2020全国卷)They are easy _(car
7、e)for and make great presents.thinkingto educateto findto findto care9.(2019全国卷)On the last day of our week-long stay,we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars,_(listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.10.(2019全国卷)Modern methods of
8、tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive _(perform)consistently over a large area.单句改错11.(2019全国卷)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly,say that I had a talent for football.listeningto performsaysaying【用法点拨】不定式表示目的。I come here
9、to say goodbye to you.表示结果:only to do;enough to do;so/such.as to do;too.to do。表示原因等。Were proud to be young people of China.动词-ing形式表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。Using your head,youll find a good way.一般式表示与谓语动词同时进行。They eat using the fingers of their right hands.完成式强调发生在谓语动词之前。Having visited the lab,th
10、e visitors went to the library.过去分词与句子主语之间是动宾关系。When asked her future plans,the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher.【点津】以下是独立成分作状语,其形式不受前后文的影响。considering/given that.鉴于/考虑到generally speaking一般来说judging by/from.依据来判断supposing/providing that.假如owing to.由于to tell the truth实话实说speaking of.谈及to be
11、honest老实说三、作补足语【真题语境】单句语法填空1.(2020全国卷)They make great gifts and you see them many times _(decorate)with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.2.(2020全国卷)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds _(surround)the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears.decoratedsurrounding单
12、句改错3.(2020全国卷)I tell my mom that if were forced eat things,we may become ill.forced后加to【用法点拨】不定式有些动词或动词短语后接不定式作宾语补足语,即“动词(短语)+宾语+to do”,如advise,want,allow,permit,persuade,remind,invite,depend on,call on等。过去分词过去分词作宾语补足语时,表示被动和完成,与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。动词-ing形式动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时,句中的宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。We found t
13、he village greatly changed.I found her listening to the radio when I passed by.【点津】find,leave,keep后一般跟动词-ing形式和过去分词作补足语,而不跟动词不定式。What you said left me thinking.四、作主语和宾语【真题语境】单句语法填空1.(2021全国甲卷)It is possible _(walk)or bike the entire 14 kilometers.2.(2021全国乙卷)Minimize the impact of _(visit)the place.
14、3.(2019全国卷)Scientists have responded by _(note)that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集)around human settlements,leading to the illusion(错觉)that populations are higher than they actually are.to walkvisitingnoting4.(2020全国卷)They represent the earth _(come)back to life and best wishes for new beginnin
15、gs.5.(2019全国卷)A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman of the Year”for _(be)Britains oldest full-time employeestill working 40 hours a ingbeing单句改错6.(2021全国甲卷)Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.7.(2020全国卷)My mom told me how to preparing it.8.(2019全国卷)If I succeed in manage one,I wi
16、ll open more.talktalkingpreparingpreparemanagemanaging【用法点拨】非谓语动词 作主语作宾语不定式表具体的或一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作。常用句型:Its+adj.+for/of sb+to do sth1.动词的宾语。只能跟不定式作宾语的动词和动词短语有:beg,offer,wish,hope,decide,refuse,promise,pretend,manage,want,plan,fail,choose,would like等。2.少数介词,如but,except后可跟不定式作宾语,如:Now he had given himsel
17、f no choice but to tell her.非谓语动词 作主语作宾语动词-ing形式表示一般性、习惯性的动作,或抽象性的动作,或表示主语的特征。常用于以下结构中:It is no use/good/fun/nice doing.;It is/was useless doing sth;Its a waste of time doing sthThere is no doing.1.动词的宾语。只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词和动词短语有:suggest,imagine,mind,admit,practise,risk,keep,avoid,escape,enjoy,conside
18、r,finish,miss,keep on,insist on,look forward to,feel like,get down to,object to等。2.介词的宾语,如:They are all interested in climbing mountains.过去分词不能作主语不能作宾语五、作表语【真题语境】单句改错1.(2020全国卷)My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our family.2.(2019全国卷)I became interesting in playing football t
19、hanks to a small accident.concerningconcernedinterestinginterested3.(2019全国卷)One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.4.(2019全国卷)Now my dream is to opens a cafe.amazingamazedopensopen【用法点拨】非谓语动词 作表语不定式表具体的或一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作。Who is to blame
20、for it?动词-ing形式表示一般性、习惯性的动作,或抽象性的动作,或表示主语的特征。What you said is really inspiring.过去分词说明主语的状态,或表示被动动作。The city is surrounded by mountains.测效果 课堂评价一、练时鲜语法填空1.More than a million tons of radioactive water is currently being stored at the Fukushima power plant in a massive tank farm big enough_(fill)500 O
21、lympic-sized swimming pools.2.The study_(base)on an April 2021 survey of 1,200 parents and teens is the first such study in Japan.to fillbased3.On Feb 17,Zhang Guimei received an award for being one of Chinas_(inspire)role models by TV program TouchingChina 2020.4.Norwegian Jeanette Hegg Duestad was
22、 the dark horse in the qualification,_(set)an Olympic record of 632.9 points.5.The school provides free education to girls who would otherwise have had no chance_(study)after completing their nine years of compulsory education.inspiringsettingto study单句改错1.Whats the most attractive is that,as one of
23、 the open cities,its people are eager learn English to embrace the world,making it an inviting city undoubtedly worth working in.2.Lets challenge ourselves by stepping out of our comfort zones and dived into the wonderland of English novels.3.Youll be amazed to find your English gradually improving.
24、learn 前加todiveddiveimprovingimproved4.I was happy to receive your email,say youre planning to visit my country during the summer vacation.5.What do you think of my suggestion?Hope to meets you here.6.Tea has a long history in China,dated back to 5,000 years ago.saysayingmeetsmeetdateddating二、练模拟语法填空
25、1.(2021广东联考)Bathing machines were made available for people to get_(change)in.It was beach etiquette(礼仪)to use them,particularly for women.2.(2021河南郑州质量检测)It is the place where people can go _(ease)stress,forget about troubles and get a break from busy city life.3.(2021安徽黄山二模)Digital technology is b
26、eing increasingly adopted_(carry)out economic and social activities,and is deeply transforming production patterns and peoples lifestyles.changedto easeto carry4.(2021山西太原模拟)There are also structures built with the objective of_(bring)wildlife into the city.The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good
27、example.5.(2021山东济南模考)They recall a project_(call)Pix3l Plott3r,a robot that would print peoples pictures.6.(2021山东济宁一模)But the research team led by him,tried their best to learn advanced technologies from foreign countries and eventually developed our own innovations,greatly _(transform)our way of
28、life.bringingcalledtransforming7.(2021河北唐山二模)This phenomenon has been named the“production effect”,which means that producing_(write)wordsnamely,reading them out loudimproves our memory of them.8.(2021福建福州质检)While _(realize)his expectation,Wang is also proud that the orchestras birth and development
29、 are also an effort of protecting the environment.9.(2021山东潍坊一模)Scientists say the_(rise)whale sightings are likely related to purer water and a brimming buffet of Atlantic menhaden,a fish favored by humpbacks.10.(2021江苏南京、盐城二模)Many couples carefully choose favorable date_(bring)success to their mar
30、riage.writtenrealizingrisingto bringsendsentpresentingpresented单句改错1.(2021云南昆明三诊一模)When he got a smartphone send by my father,I got the idea of teaching him how to use it.2.(2022安徽名校联盟第一次质检)According to online voting,the work presenting by Class 6,Senior 1 gained the most popularity because of its u
31、nique design.3.(2022贵州贵阳四校联考)On the other hand,online learning itself has some imperfections,make it difficult for us not be affected.4.(2021河南开封一模)In my opinion,libraries create a better atmosphere for studying.With all the students absorbing in their studies,I can concentrate on my books.5.(2022广西
32、第一次名校大联考)I spent two hours do exercise there.Then I took a shower in a bathhouse,which is very close to my school.makemaking;be前加toabsorbingabsorbeddodoing三、练语篇语篇填空Weve seen a worldwide health crisis bring out the worst in some people,but fortunately,weve also been able 1._(see)it bring out the best
33、 in others.A taxi driver in Spain has been providing COVID-19 patients with free rides to and from the hospitals.Doctors and nurses wanted to surprise him with their thanks for 2._(help)out.They tricked him down to the hospital under the pretense of a sick patient needing 3._(pick)up,but in reality,
34、doctors and nurses lined the hall 4._(wait)to applaud him.to seehelpingto be pickedwaiting“This is a surprise that has been given to a taxi driver who takes patients to the hospitals without charge,”wrote the taxi company that was the first 5._(share)the video.The man seemed completely 6._(take)abac
35、k by the gesture,7._(surprise)and stopping in the middle of the doors with the whole room 8._(cheer)for him.He was also given an envelope full of money and the 9._(satisfy)results of his own COVID-19 test.to sharetakensurprisedcheeringsatisfyingThe video has since been shared tens of thousands of ti
36、mes across the world,because kind gestures break the language barrier.“When the crisis is finished,there will have been two types of people.the good and the bad,”one user wrote.“With workmates like him,I am proud to be a taxi driver,son of a taxi driver,and father of a taxi driver.”With the world in
37、 hard times,just 10._(know)good people are there doing good deeds is something we can all appreciate.knowing短文改错 Last Saturday witnessed an impressive marathon race that nearly drawing the attention of every student and teacher in our school.The students selecting from every class was took part in t
38、he competition.The route,measured about five kilometers,was from our school gate to the Science Museum.All the runners tried their best finish the task,their classmates along the way gave them necessary help as well as encouragement.At last,every runner managed to reach the finished line,receive che
39、ers from all the directions.The activity was highly speaking of,because not only did it provide a chance for us to exercise,but it also made us more unite.答案:第一句:drawingdrew第二句:selectingselected;去掉took前的was第三句:measuredmeasuring第四句:finish前加to;gavegiving或者第二个their前加and第五句:finishedfinishing/finish;receivereceiving第六句:speakingspoken;uniteunited
