1、专题07动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 I、2021年高考真题（2021全国甲卷语法填空T1）The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas long history. It _1_ (build) originally to protect the city of the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).【答案】was built 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全
2、修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。（2021全国甲卷语法填空T6）We _6_ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.【答案】hired 【解析】考查时态。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired
3、。（2021新高考I卷语法填空T6）You cant help wondering how hard it _6_ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.【答案】was【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知，“how hard it (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式为真正主语，谓语动词用单数形式，安置台阶的石头为陈述过
4、去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was。（2021浙江卷语法填空T1）It doesnt impress like George Washingtons plantation on the Potomac, but Lincolns home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, _1_ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.【答案】has proved/has proven【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在
5、伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincolns home in downtown Springfield Illinois作主语；结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句since it opened to the public可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是has/have +过去分词；主语Lincolns home in downtown Springfield Illinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词prove 的过去
6、分词形式是proved或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。（2021浙江卷语法填空T5）Marys niece wrote, The little home _5_ （paint）white【答案】was painted【解析】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The lit
7、tle home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。（2021浙江卷语法填空T10）After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and _10_ （sell）most of their furniture.【答案】sold【解析】考查动词时态。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时
8、态，提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。（2021全国甲卷短文改错）One of the questions are：Who will you go to in times of trouble?【答案】areis【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：其中的一个问题是：你遇到麻烦时会去找谁？one of the +名词复数，意为“之一”，为单数含义，所以其后的系动词应用单数。结合句意，此处指问卷调查中的一个问题，所以为客观事实，时态用一般现在时。故are改为is。（2021全国甲卷短文改错）Their answers also show that they dislike talking
9、 to others. They kept very much to themselves.【答案】keptkeep【解析】考查时态。句意：他们很自闭。结合前文可知，文章的时态用一般现在时。所以此处的kept改为keep。故kept改为keep。（2021全国乙卷短文改错）I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.【答案】tidyingtidy【解析】考查动词时态。句意：我也给院子里的花浇水，必要时打扫我自己的卧室。分析句子结构以及并列连词and可知，此处tidy
10、up是并列谓语。根据上文的“water the flowers”可知，句子要使用一般现在时。主语第一人称I，谓语动词用原型。故将tidying改为tidy。（2021全国乙卷短文改错）Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person.【答案】wasis【解析】考查动词时态。句意：首先，做家务有助于我们成为一个负责任的人。根据全文时态可知，本文陈述客观事实需要用一般现在时。主语doing housework为单数，谓语也用单数。故将was改为is。II、2021年高考模拟试题 （2021诸暨市5月模拟语法
11、填空T4）The popularity of plastic, which _4_ (begin) rising in the 1950s, is growing out of control18.2 trillion pounds of plastic has been produced. And there is no sign of slowing down.【答案】began【解析】考查动词时态。句意：从20世纪50年代开始，塑料越来越受欢迎，但现在已经超出了控制人们生产了18.2万亿磅塑料。根据后文“in the 1950s”可知应用一般过去时。故填began。（2021诸暨市5月模
12、拟语法填空T9）So focused _9_ (be) the society on making peoples life more convenient in the short term, but in the long run, those everyday conveniences are at the expense of our health.【答案】is【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：所以社会关注的是使人们的生活更方便在短期内，但从长远来看，这些日常便利是以我们的健康为代价的。根据后文“those everyday conveniences are at the expens
13、e of our health”可知应用一般现在时，此处为部分倒装，主语为the society，谓语动词用单数。故填is。（2021成都三诊语法填空T5）My friend Tony, who_5_ (study) acupuncture at a college near London at the time, suggested that I visit an acupuncturist.【答案】was studying【解析】考查动词时态。句意：我的朋友托尼当时正在伦敦附近的一所大学学习针灸，他建议我去看一名针灸师。根据at the time可知，此处应用过去进行时。故填was stu
14、dying。（2021成都三诊短文改错）He got tricked! He had no more money. Rather than continue my search for someone who would buy my ticket, I decide to give it to him for free.【答案】decidedecided【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：我决定把票免费送给他，而不是继续寻找愿意买我票的人。此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故将decide改为decided。（2021台州市4月调考语法填空T2）In reality, however,60% o
15、f clothing nowadays _2_(abandon)within a year of purchase,【答案】is abandoned【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：事实上，如今60%的衣物在购买一年之后就被遗弃了，产生了大量的垃圾，对此全球的垃圾填满厂都在努力处理。分析句子可知，本句缺少谓语，abandon与主语clothing为动宾关系，故用被动语态，clothing为不可数名词，陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时的单数，故用is abandoned。（2021台州市4月调考语法填空T8）But Ive come to think that whether you bu
16、y something new or used _8_ (matter) less if you commit to keeping clothes in use for decades.【答案】matters/will matter【解析】考查动词时态。句意：我意识到，如果你尽可能发挥物品的价值，那么是否买新的还是二手的都没那么重要。分析句子可知， “whether you buy something new or used ”为主语，本句缺少谓语，与主语为主谓关系，故用主动语态，客观陈述自己的观点，用一般现在时，主语为句子，谓语动词用单数，故可用matters ；由于后面条件状语从句用一般
17、现在时表将来，主句需用一般将来时，故也可用will matter。（2021天津十二区县联考2单项填空T11）Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight CZ3694 _off at 17:15.A. takesB. tookC. will be takenD. has taken【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态。句意：看看时间表。快点！CZ3694航班17:15起飞。一般现在时表示飞机起飞的时间表。故选A。（2021天津十二区县联考2单项填空T5）As is reported, the number of smokers _ dropped by 17 pe
18、rcent in just one year thanks to the push of health knowledge.A. isB. hasC. haveD. are【答案】B【解析】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，由于健康知识的普及，吸烟者的数量在短短一年里就下降了17%。the number of后接名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，故排除C和D项；谓语动词drop“下降”，和主语the number of smokers之间为主动关系，故排除A，根据句意及时间状语in just one year可知，此处用现在完成时。故选B项。（2021天津市5月压轴模拟单项填空T7）Mr
19、. Smith_ these days. I think he should take a holiday before he burns out.Ahas been overworkingBoverworkedChas overworkedDwas overworking【答案】A【解析】考查时态。句意：史密斯先生这些天一直在加班，我想他应该在精疲力尽之前去度个假。根据本句中时间状语these days和后文 before he burns out，可知，史密斯先生的忙碌的动作是从过去开始，延续到现在，还要继续持续，所以时态用现在完成进行时。选项A符合题意，故选A。（2021宝坻区三模单项填
20、空T9）Take a break, Amy. You _ on the piano all morning.All right. But the competition is coming soon. I have to work harder.A. are practisingB. will be practisingC. have been practisingD. practice【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。句意：-艾米，休息一会吧。你都练钢琴一上午了。-好吧。但比赛很快就到了。我还得在努力一下。分析句意，艾米丽已经弹了一上午钢琴而且还将继续弹。所以此处应用现在完成进行时表示从动作从
21、过去持续到现在且还将持续下去的动作。故选C项。（2021宝坻区三模单项填空T13） Youre left the light on. - Oh, so I have. _ and turn it off.A Ill goB. Ive goneC. I goD. Im going【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态，句意：-你灯还开着。-哦，是的，我去把它关了。这里用will do表示一种临时决定。选A。（2021和平区三模单项填空T2）I wonder why you failed so many of the questions. Only the first question was diffi
22、cult, but the rest, I thought, _ very easy.A. isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】D【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：我想知道你为什么答错了这么多道题目，只有第一个比较难，但剩下的，我认为，是非常简单的。the rest作主语，谓语动词要根据the rest指代的内容来确定单复数，这里指的是questions，是可数名词复数，故谓语也用复数，排除A、C；根据“failed”和“thought”可知，应该用一般过去时，故选D。（2021和平区三模单项填空T9）Take a break, Amy. You _ on the piano all
23、morning.All right. But the competition is coming soon. I have to work harder.A. are practisingB. will be practisingC. have been practisingD. practice【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。句意：-艾米，休息一会吧。你都练钢琴一上午了。-好吧。但比赛很快就到了。我还得在努力一下。分析句意，艾米丽已经弹了一上午钢琴而且还将继续弹。所以此处应用现在完成进行时表示从动作从过去持续到现在且还将持续下去的动作。故选C项。（2021和平区一模单项填空T10）Is Pe
24、ter coming?No, he his mind after a phone call at the last minute.A. changedB. has changedC. had changedD. is changing【答案】A【解析】考查时态。句意：彼得来了吗?没有，他在最后一刻打了个电话后改变了主意。根据句中时间状语at the last minute可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故选A。（2021和平区一模单项填空T13）Excuse me, Madam. Ellen, a journalist from the Daily Mail all day. Could y
25、ou speak to him now?A. was phonedB. has been phonedC. is phoningD. has been phoning【答案】D【解析】考查语态和时态。句意：对不起，Ellen夫人，每日邮报的记者打了一整天的电话。你现在可以跟他讲话吗?根据句意可知，动词phone和主语a journalist from the Daily Mail之间是主动关系，故排除A和B项，结合句意，根据时间状语all day，此处应用现在完成进行时，表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去，基本结构为“have / has been + 现在分词
26、”。故选D项。（2021河东区二模单项填空T3）Youve done a good job.Yes. It _ us a whole month to finish it.A. takesB. has takenC. tookD. was taking【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态。句意：你们做的很棒。是的。那花了我们整整一个月的时间才完成。根据句意可知，对话中所说的工作已经完成了，所以花时间是在过去，要用一般过去时。故选C项。（2021河东区二模单项填空T9） Your job _ open for your return.Thanks.A. will be keptB. will keep
27、C. had keptD. had been kept【答案】A【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：你的工作将保留到你归来的时候。谢谢。根据后文for your return可推知，句子用将来时态，主语与谓语动词是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选A。（2021河西区三模单项填空T4）The computers made by our company sell wellbut several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the market that they_.A. has playedB. were to playC.
28、had playedD. played【答案】B考查时态。句意：我们公司生产的电脑卖得很好，但是几年前没有人能想象到它将在市场中扮演的角色。were to do是过去将来时，表示过去想象电脑将会起到的作用，前面的imagine决定了后面要跟一个将要发生的动作。故选B。（2021河西区三模单项填空T11） Lydia, what did our head-teacher say just now? Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who _ to lead the group _ asked to be at the school
29、 gate before 6:30 in the morning.A. is; isB. are; areC. are; isD. is; are【答案】C【解析】考查主谓一致。莉迪亚，我们班主任刚才说什么了?要求每个男孩和女孩以及带队的老师在早上六点半以前到校门口。第一空是定语从句中的谓语动词，这个定语从句的先行词是the teachers，所以谓语动词使用复数形式。第二空是主句的谓语动词，句子的主语是Every boy and every girl，所以谓语动词使用单数形式。因为every/each/no+单数名词+ every/each/no做主语的时候，谓语动词使用单数形式。故C正确。
30、（2021南开中学5月模拟单项填空T8）The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities_ steadily since 1997.A. is risingB. are risingC. has been risingD. have been rising【答案】C【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自1997年以来，在中国大学就读的外国学生人数一直在稳步上升。根据“since 1997 ”可知，本句为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，再结合句意可知，本句为现在完成进行时。the number of +名词复数，谓语动词为单数
31、。故选C项。（2021南开中学5月模拟单项填空T12） You speak very good French!Thanks. I_ French in Nankai University for four years.A. studiedB. studyC. was studyingD. had studied【答案】A【解析】考查时态。句意：你的法语讲的很好。谢谢，我在南开大学学了4年的法语。根据句意，说话人在南开大学学了4年的法语，应用一般过去时。故选A项。（2021天津芦台一中六模单项填空T6）Hopefullyin2025wewillnolongerbee-mailingeachoth
32、er, forwe _ more convenient electronic communicationtoolsbythen.A. have developedB. haddevelopedC. willhavedevelopedD. developed【答案】C【解析】考查时态。句意：希望在2025年，我们不再互相发电子邮件，因为到那时候我们将开发出更方便的电子通信工具。根据时间状语in 2025，可知用将来时；再根据时间状语by then（到那时），可知用完成时。结合两者可知用将来完成时。故选C。（2021天津芦台一中六模单项填空T13）Generally, students inner
33、 motivation with high expectations from others _ essential to their development.A. isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：一般来说，学生的内在动机和对他人的高期望对他们的发展至关重要。作主语的名词或代词用介词with连接时,谓语动词和with前的一个名词或代词的人称和数一致。主语为motivation，故谓语为单数；根据语境及generally可知，描述的为一般情况，故使用一般现在时态，故选A。（2021天津十二区县一模单项填空T5）Many a famous
34、pop star_in the concert tonight, so Im looking forward to it very much.A. are to performB. is performingC. was performingD. were to perform【答案】B【解析】考查主谓一致及动词时态。句意：许多著名的流行歌手将在今晚的音乐会中表演，所以我非常期待。分析题意，Many a 译为“许多的”修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。同时，现在进行时可以表示按计划或安排将要发生的事，给人一种期待感。故选B项。（2021天津杨村一中一模单项填空T13）The number
35、of people, who have access to their own cars, _ sharply in the past decade.A. roseB. is risingC. have risenD. has risen【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，拥有私家车的人数急剧增加。根据后文in the past decade可知表示过去发生的动作持续到现在应用现在完成时，主语为The number of people，助动词应用has。故选D。（2021天津耀华滨海学校适应性考试单项填空T5）The photos, which_ while 1 w
36、as studying in Beijing, remind me of many happy memories.A. had takenB. were takenC. had been takenD. took【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：这些照片是我在北京学习时拍的，让我想起了许多美好的回忆。分析句子成分和句子结构可知，which引导非限制定语从句，修饰先行词photos；分析定语从句句子成分可知，which在从句中充当主语，代指photos，与谓语动词take之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据后文的was studying可知，照片是过去拍的，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态
37、。故选B项。（2021天津耀华滨海学校适应性考试单项填空T9）Up to now, large quantities of food _to the people affected by the terrible earthquake.A. has been distributedB. have been distributedC. is being distributedD. are being distributed【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，大量的食物已经分发给了受可怕地震影响的人们。根据上文“Up to now”可知应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构
38、成被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为large quantities of food，助动词用have。故选B。（2021东北三校二模短文改错）I also talked about the ways I plan to accomplish my goals.【答案】planplanned【解析】考查时态。句意：我也谈到了我计划如何实现我的目标。整个短文都在叙述过去的事情，所以本句为一般过去时。故plan改成planned。（2021齐齐哈尔市二模短文改错）He laugh so much that he can even give me a smile at the most d
39、ifficult time in his life.【答案】laughlaughs【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：他笑得那么多，他甚至可以在他（我们）生活中最困难的时候给我一个微笑。主语为He ，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故将laugh改为laughs。（2021齐齐哈尔市三模短文改错）Now we had been living together for over two years.【答案】hadhave【解析】考查动词时态。句意：现在我们已经一起生活了两年多。根据时间状语“for over two years”可知，此处应该用现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，并继续持续到将来
40、。故将had改为have。（2021齐齐哈尔市一模短文改错）I was riding my bike clown to the corner shop on a Saturday morning when I attracted by a cute boy who was walking his dog.【答案】I后加was【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意：一个星期六的早晨，我骑着我的自行车去街角的商店，这时我被一个正在遛狗的可爱男孩吸引住了。根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，attract与主语I的被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故I后加was。（2021齐齐哈尔市一
41、模短文改错）I was riding my bike clown to the corner shop on a Saturday morning when I was attracted by a cute boy who was walking his dog. Suddenly my neighbour drives past and honked (按喇叭) at me.【答案】drivesdrove【解析】考查动词时态。句意：突然，我的邻居开车经过，对着我按喇叭。根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故drives改为drove。（2021玉林市一模短文改错）The
42、forest of my hometown are beautiful no matter what the season is.【答案】are is【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：无论什么季节，我家乡的森林都是美丽的。根据主语是The forest of my hometown，可知此处谓语动词要用单数形式。故将are 改为is。 （2021玉林市一模短文改错）I drive on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked God.【答案】drivedrove【解析】考查时态。句意：我继续开车，为这神奇的一刻而微笑，感谢上帝，我开得很慢，没有
43、撞到那只美丽的鹿。根据上文时态是一般过去时，可知此处也在表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，要用动词的过去式。故将drive改为drove 。 （2021马鞍山市一模短文改错）To be honest, I felt clumsy when I first learn to play it.【答案】learnlearned【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：老实说，我第一次学篮球的时候觉得自己很笨。根据I felt clumsy可知，此处应用一般过去时。故将learn改为learned。（2021柳州市三模短文改错）I still remember my first presentation in
44、front of my entire class. When it comes to my turn, I was very nervous!【答案】comescame【解析】考查时态。句意：轮到我的时候，我非常紧张!本文是作者回忆往事，所以事情发生在过去。故将comes改为came。（2021滨海学校开学模拟单项填空T5）Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we_.A. will expectB. are expectingC. expectD. had expected【答案】D【解析】考
45、查时态。句意：手工写下所有的邀请函要比我们预料的花去更多的时间。根据句意可知我们预料是在实际上写之前发生的，而本句中实际写花去的时间使用了过去时was，所以expect使用过去完成时。故D正确。（2021滨海学校开学模拟单项填空T11） Beijing is worth visiting. I _ there with my parents during the holidays. I agree. I have been there twice.A. wentB. have goneC. have beenD. am going【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态。句意：北京值得一游。我和我的父母
46、在假期去了那里。我同意。我去过那儿两次。结合语境可知，“我”和父母去北京是假期期间做过的事情，故应用一般过去时。故选A。（2021大港一中入学模拟单项填空T12）Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been?I went to Ningxia and _ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.A. stayedB. stayC. had stayedD. am staying【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态。句意：好久没见到你了！你去哪里了？我去了宁夏，并且在那里支教一年。and连接两个并列的谓
47、语，and之前是一般过去时。所以and之后也要用一般过去时来保持时态的一致，所以选A。（2021大港一中入学模拟单项填空T15）Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?Sorry. _A. It is repaired.B. It has been repaired.C. It is being repaired.D. It had been repaired.【答案】C【解析】考查时态与语态。句意：-你好，特里，我今天下午可以用用你的电脑吗？-对不起，它正在被修理。本句主要考查的是时态的问题。由于句子中没有时
48、间状语，所以需要看上下文再决定时态。根据上文可知，说话者需要使用对方的电脑，而对方婉拒了。由此可以推测，电脑是正在被修理，故使用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。（2021汉沽六中一摸单项填空T6）My headache _ me. I thought it was going away, but its going worse and worse.A. killedB. was killingC. killsD. is killing【答案】D【解析】考查现在进行时。句意：我头痛得要命。我以为它会消失，但它正变得越来越糟。分析题意，根据后文“我以为它会消失，但它正变得越来越糟”可知，此处表示“此
49、时此刻头正在痛”。表示正在发生，正在进行的动作，用现在进行时。综上，故选D项。（2021汉沽六中一摸单项填空T7）The cost of living _ by ten percent before the government took any actionA. was goingB. went upC. has gone upD. had gone up【答案】D【解析】考查过去完成时。句意：在政府采取任何行动之前，生活费用已经上涨了10%。根据句意，此处表示生活费用的涨价发生在政府采取行动之前。句中用动词过去时表示政府采取的行动，表示过去的过去， 应用过去完成时表发生于“采取措施”之前。
50、故选 D 项。（2021汉沽六中一摸单项填空T10）My father, together with some of his old friends, _ there already.A. will beB. had beenC. has beenD. have been【答案】C【解析】考查现在完成时及主谓一致。句意：我父亲和他的一些老朋友已经去过那里了。分析题意，题干中的“already”提示此处应用现在完成时。together with提示此处应用“就远原则”，My father 为句子的主语，故用单数has。综上，故选C项。（2021汉沽六中一摸单项填空T13）The Changjia
51、ng River _ flood large areas, but since the Three Gorges Dam was built, the water of it _ produce electricity.A. was used to; is used toB. used to; used toC. used to; was used toD. was used to; used to【答案】C【解析】考查固定短语及动词时态语态。句意：长江过去常常泛滥成灾，但自从三峡大坝建成后，长江的水就用来发电了。根据题意，第一空应用固定短语used to do sth.表示过去常常。第二空的
52、主句部分无动词，故此处需填谓语动词。逻辑主语 the water of it 和use 之间表示被动逻辑，用固定搭配 be used to do sth.表示被用于做某事。根据句意，此处应表示过去发生的动作。故此处需用一般过去的被动语态。故选C项。（2021和平区期中模拟单项填空T8）- I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday. - Oh, how nice! Do you know when she _ ?A. was leavingB. had leftC. has leftD. left【答案】D【解析】考查时态。句
53、意：.听说简去圣岛度假了。多好啊！你知道她是什么时候去的么？leave这一动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时，故选D。（2021和平区期中模拟单项填空T11）Unfortunately, my classmates and I went to the Art Museum last Monday, only to be told that it _.A. is being decoratedB. was being decoratedC. decoratedD. was decorated【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：不幸的是，我和我的同学上周一去了艺术博物馆，却被告知它正在被装修
54、。根据last Monday可知，描述的是过去的情况，谓语动词用过去时；主语it指代艺术博物馆，和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，谓语动词应用被动语态；结合语境可知，装修的动作当时正在进行，故谓语动词应用过去进行时的被动语态。故选B项。（2021河西区期中模拟单项填空T9）Why do you look so worried? My Macbook Pro broke down and my paper _unfinished since.A. was leftB. has leftC. leftD. has been left【答案】D【解析】考查时态。句意：为什么你看起来如此担心？我的笔记本电脑坏
55、了，论文也没有完成。此处强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，my paper和leave是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，故选D。 （2021河西区期末模拟单项填空T3）We wont start the work until all the preparations _.A. are being madeB. will be madeC. have been madeD. had been made【答案】C【解析】考查时态语态。句意：一切准备就绪后我们才开始工作。根据句意，preparations 与谓语make之间是被动关系，谓语动词应该用被动语态；分析句子结构可知，这是一个not.u
56、ntil引导的时间状语从句，主句中用一般将来时wont ，从句中应该用现在时态的一种形式；结合句意，从句用现在完成时强调“做好准备”这个动作，对现在的影响就是可以“开始工作了”，符合语境及语法结构。综上分析，谓语动词应该用现在完成时的被动语态 have been made。故选C项。（2021河西区期末模拟单项填空T4）The news that he referred _ us disappointed.A. to madeB. to makingC. to makeD. to have made【答案】A【解析】考查固定短语和谓语动词。句意：他提到的那个消息使我们失望。分析句子可知 tha
57、t he referred 是一个定语从句，先行词为主语The news，在从句中作宾语，而referred为不及物动词，必须借助to才能接宾语，并且refer to为固定短语，意为“提到，涉及”，而make在本句中作谓语，根据语境，应用一般过去式，故为made，故选A项。（2021红桥区期中模拟单项填空T2）Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been?I went to Ningxia and _ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.A. stayedB. stayC. had stayedD
58、. am staying【答案】A【解析】考查时态。句意：好久没见到你了！你去哪里了？我去了宁夏，并且在那里支教一年。and连接两个并列的谓语，and之前是一般过去时。所以and之后也要用一般过去时来保持时态的一致，所以选A。（2021红桥区期中模拟单项填空T10）Tom had to have his car repaired in a garage because it _seriously.A. damagedB. was being damagedC. had damagedD. had been damaged【答案】D【解析】考查时态。句意：汤姆不得不把车送到汽修厂，因为它受损严重
59、。说明车在送到汽修厂前被损坏的，汽车和损坏是被动关系，因此用过去完成时的被动语态，选D。（2021静海区四校12月模拟单项填空T14）A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _ in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped【答案】D【解析】考查语态和时态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who _ in the mountains fo
60、r two days”是定语从句，修饰two tourists，two tourists和trap之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由risked可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即“过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。综上，D选项正确。点睛：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”，其表达形式为had done，被动语态的表达形式为had been done。（2021静海区一中1月模拟单项填空T11）Mr Wang said that he _ the problem before the plan was carri
61、ed out. However, he was asked to do it again.A. explainsB. has explainedC. had explainedD. was explaining【答案】C【解析】考查时态。句意：王先生说他在计划实施之前已经解释了这个问题，但是他被要求再解释一遍。动词|explain作宾语从句的谓语动词，根据句意，该动词发生在was carried out之前，即过去的过去，所以应该用过去完成时态。故选C。（2021南开区3月模拟单项填空T8） You looked anxious just now. I John at ten, but he
62、didnt turn up.A. expectedB. was expectingC. would expectD. had expected【答案】B【解析】考查时态。句意：你刚才看起来很焦虑。我十点钟在等约翰，但他没来。根据句中“at ten”和“didnt”可知，逗号前句子陈述的是过去某个时间点正在发生的事，应用过去进行时，句式为“主语+was/were+动词ing+其他”，主语I与was连用，expect意为“期待，等待”，动词词性，动词ing形式为expecting。故选B项。（2021南开区期中模拟单项填空T7）The flying car Transition can trave
63、l at speeds up to 115 mph for 450 miles in the air, _ at highway speeds on the ground, and fold up to fit in a standard garage.A. drivingB. driveC. to driveD. driven【答案】B【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：飞车Transition能在空中以115英里每小时的速度行驶450英里，在地面以高速公路的速度行驶，还能折叠起来放进一个标准的车库。此处与句中动词travel和fold up作并列的谓语，根据句中情态动词can可知，这里用动词原形。
64、故选B。（2021南开区期中模拟单项填空T8）Recently many famous universities and colleges have come to our school to enroll new students on their own, and many excellent students _ contracts with them.A. have offeredB. were offeredC. have been offeredD. had been offered【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：最近，许多著名的大学和学院来我们学校自主招生，许多优秀的
65、学生已经与他们签订了合同。根据句中时间状语recently可知，用现在完成时。主语excellent students与offer之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。（2021南开区期中模拟单项填空T15）The number of people in the world _ about 6 billion and large quantities of waste _ each year.A. total; has been producedB. totals; is producedC. totals; are producedD. total; are being produced【
66、答案】C【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：世界人口总数约为60亿，每年产生大量垃圾。the number of +复数名词，表示“的数量”，谓语动词用单数形式。quantitiesof +可数名词或不可数名词，表示“大量的”，谓语动词用复数形式。故选C。（2021南开中学二模单项填空T8）I took notes during the meeting, but I a chance to write them into a report so far.A. didnt haveB. havent hadC. hadnt hadD. wont have【答案】B【解析】考查时态。句意：会议期间我做了笔
67、记，但到目前为止我还没有机会把它们写进报告里。根据句中时间状语so far可知，此处应使用现在完成时。故B选项正确。（2021南开中学一模单项填空T6）It was the first time that he _the New Coastal Area of Tianjin and was so impressed by its fast development.A. have visitedB. visitedC. had visitedD. would visit【答案】C【解析】考查时态。句意：这是他第一次来到天津这个新的沿海地区，天津的快速发展给他留下了深刻印象。分析题意，根据固定搭
68、配It +be+the +序数词+time+that（某人第几次做某事）可知，若be动词为was时，从句的动词用过去完成时。故此处的时态为过去完成时。综合分析，故选C项。（2021南开中学一模单项填空T10）Zhong Nanshan, as well as three other outstanding medical workers, _the highest honor of our country last month.A. are awardedB. is awardedC. were awardedD. was awarded【答案】D【解析】考查主谓一致和语态。句意：上个月，钟南
69、山等三名优秀医务工作者被授予国家最高荣誉。根据last month可知此处用一般过去时态，as well as连接并列主语时需要遵循就远原则，所以谓语动词和Zhong Nanshan保持一致，故选D项。（2021塘沽一中一模单项填空T4）John _ in the United States for decades, but in the last years he has already adapted to living in China.A. was livingB. had livedC. has livedD. Lived【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。句意：约翰在美国生活了很多年，
70、但在最近这几年中他已经适应了在中国的生活。根据living in China可知约翰现在在中国居住，再结合in the United States中时间状语for decades可知是过去的事情，故选D项。（2021天津滨海七校联考单项填空T11）The teacher together with the students_discussing Reading Skills that_ newly published in America.A. are; wereB. is; wereC. are; wasD. is; was【答案】D【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：老师和学生们正在讨论美国新出版
71、的阅读技巧。A together with B作主语时谓语动词与A的数保持一致；第二空为定语从句that指代Reading skills，由于Reading Skills是书名所以谓语动词用单数，故选D。（2021天津滨海七校联考单项填空T12）I promise I_ all the money I owe you by the end of next month.A. pay backB. will have paid backC. have paid backD. had paid back【答案】B【解析】考查动词时态。句意：我保证到下个月底把我欠你的钱都还了。根据后文 by the
72、end of next month，可知表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间产生影响，应用将来完成时。故选B。（2021天津大港一中三模单项填空T14）Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.A. regardB. is regardedC. are regardedD. regards【答案】B【解析】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：现在骑自行车，慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。根据动词短语regardas
73、“把看作”和句意确定应该用被动语态，排除A和D。再根据主语部分是由介词短语along with 连接的三个动名词做主语，应该谓语动词应该就前一致，即用单数，排除C，故选B。（2021天津市八校期中模拟单项填空T5）We all know that good results _ for you when you start doing things you love.A. are waitingB. have waitedC. have been waitingD. will be waiting【答案】D【解析】考查时态。句意：我们都知道当你开始做你喜欢的事的时候，好的结果将会一直等你。此处表
74、示在将来时间会一直持续的事，用will be doing。故选D。（2021天津市八校期中模拟单项填空T3）Its the first time that a Nobel Prize in chemistry 2020 _ to a female group-Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna.A. was awardedB. has been awardedC. is awardedD. had awarded【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：这是2020年诺贝尔化学奖首次颁发给女性团体Emmanuelle Charpentier
75、 和Jennifer A. Doudna。Its the first time that结构中，that从句通常用现在完成时。从句中主语 Nobel Prize 与award之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选B。（2021天津市八校期中模拟单项填空T13）There are nearly 7000 local languages in the world, but only 7% _ reflected in published online material.A. wereB. wasC. isD. are【答案】D【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：世界上有近7000种地方语言，但只有7%
76、的语言在网上发布的材料中得到体现。根据句子结构可知，此空需填but之后分句的谓语动词，谓语动词的单复数取决于百分数修饰的名词，名词为7000 local languages，所以谓语动词用复数。根据there are可知，本句是一般现在时，描述一个客观的事实，故选D项。（2021天津市部分区期中模拟单项填空T1）The number of people, who have access to their own cars, _ sharply in the past decade.A. roseB. is risingC. have risenD. has risen【答案】D【解析】考查动词
77、时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，拥有私家车的人数急剧增加。根据后文in the past decade可知表示过去发生的动作持续到现在应用现在完成时，主语为The number of people，助动词应用has。故选D。（2021兰州市三诊短文改错）Its great to hear from you. You ask me about my life in high school.【答案】askasked【解析】考查动词时态。句意：你问了我关于我在高中的生活。根据上文“Its great to hear from you.”可知，收到了信件，说信件中提到的事情，用一般过去时，故将a
78、sk改为asked。（2021江南十校一模短文改错）Facing such a great opportunity, we both feel excited.【答案】feelfelt【解析】考查动词时态。句意：面对这样一个非常好的机会，我们都感到很兴奋。结合上文可知事情发生在上周一，应用一般过去时。故 feel改为felt。（2021黄山市二模短文改错）I use to be a person who hated exercising.【答案】use used【解析】考查时态和固定短语。句意：我曾经是一个讨厌锻炼的人。根据定语从句who hated exercising可知,主句描述的是过去
79、的事，应用固定短语used to be“过去曾经是”。故将 use改为used。（2021黄山市二模短文改错）I believe only by practicing over and over again can I catch up with other fantastic players one day. The challenge motivate me to work harder.【答案】motivate motivates【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：挑战激励我更努力地练习。此处描述现在的事实，因此时态是一般现在时，根据主语The challenge可知，此处要用动词的第三人称单数
80、形式。故将motivate改为 motivates。（2021淮南市一模短文改错）Recently I have moved by an advertisement which encourage people to go home more often.【答案】1.在moved前面加been 2. encourage encourages【解析】1. 考查时态和语态。句意：最近我被一则鼓励人们多回家的广告感动了。由主句时间状语Recently可知，时态用现在完成时，结合by可知，主语I和谓语动词move是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态（have been done），加上been。故在mo
81、ved前面加been。2. 考查主谓一致。句意：最近我被一则鼓励人们多回家的广告感动了。an advertisement which encourage people to go home more often是定语从句，先行词是an advertisement，在从句中作主语，由从句时间状语often可知，时态用一般现在时，从句主语an advertisement是单数，从句谓语动词encourage也用单数形式。故将encourage改为encourages。（2021合肥市二模短文改错）After a while, in the yard was some snowmen,【答案】was
82、were【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：过了一会儿，院子里就有了一些雪人，看起来都很有趣。分析句子可知，本句是倒装句，主语snowmen是名词复数形式，故be动词应用were。故将was改为were。（2021合肥市二模短文改错）How I wish I can go back there next year!【答案】cancould【解析】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：我多么希望明年还回那里！wish后是宾语从句，从句应使用虚拟语气，结合next year可知表示将来的愿望，谓语部分用“could+动词原形”，故将can改为could。（2021桂林市二模短文改错）John went shopping in a store, but he forgot to bring a bag. So he buys a shopping bag.【答案】buybought【解析】考查时态。句意：所以他买了一个包。此处指过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，故把buys改成bought。
