1、UNIT 2 课下题型练(二)Learning About Language.阅读理解ASir John Gurdon, a British scientist, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012, said he had predicted at the time of his frog experiments that the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years, and that “maybe the same answer
2、 is appropriate” for the step to human cloning.Parents who lose children in accidents may be able to clone “copies” to replace them then.Although any attempt to clone an entire human would raise complex moral issues, the biologist claimed people would soon overcome their concerns if the technique be
3、came medically useful.Cloning was regarded with extreme doubts when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birth of Louise Brown, the first“testtube baby”He said，“When my first frog experiments were done, an American reporter asked how long it would be before these things could
4、be done in mammals or humans.I said，Well, it could be anytime between 10 years and 100 years how about 50 years？ It turned out that it wasnt far off the mark as far as Dolly was concerned.Maybe the same answer is appropriate.” Sir John added that cloning a human being effectively means making an ide
5、ntical twin, and doctors would therefore simply be “copying what nature has already produced”The average vote on allowing parents of deceased children, who are no longer fertile(能生育的), to create another by using the mothers eggs and skin cells from the first child, thinking the technique was safe an
6、d effective, is 60 percent in favor.The reasons for “no” are usually that the new children would feel they are some sort of replacements for something.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主、英国科学家约翰格登爵士称，那些在事故中失去子女的父母将有可能在未来50年内借助克隆技术得到孩子的“复制品”。1Sir John predicted the human cloning would be a reality in a
7、t most.Aabout 100 yearsBabout 60 yearsCabout 50 years Dabout 10 years解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段可知，约翰格登爵士表示，在未来50年内，那些在事故中失去孩子的父母将有可能通过克隆技术得到孩子的“复制品”。故选C项。2According to the text, which statement is NOT true?ALouise Brown is the first “testtube baby”BHuman cloning is still a controversial topic.CSir John is pos
8、itive about the future of human cloning.DHuman cloning is creating something that didnt exist before.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段中的after the birth of Louise Brown, the first “testtube baby”可排除A项；文章尾段说明赞成者占6成，故排除B项；根据第二段中约翰格登爵士的话可知，他对克隆人充满了希望，故排除C项；根据第二段的尾句可知，D项表述不正确。3The underlined word “identical” probably mea
9、ns “ ”Asame BspecialCnew Dclear解析：选A词义猜测题。根据画线词后的twin和后文的doctors would therefore simply be “copying what nature has already produced”可知，A项正确。4It can be inferred from the passage that Amost people cast doubt on Johns experimentsBhuman cloning is and will be only a dreamCfew children love to be cloned
10、 in the futureDhuman cloning may be realized someday解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，虽然克隆人类的尝试将引起复杂的道德问题，但是生物学家声称如果克隆技术变得有医学价值，人们很快就会消除他们的担心，因此可推断D项正确。BThe human brain contains 10 thousand million cells(细胞) and each of these may have a thousand connections.Such great numbers used to discourage us and cause us
11、to stop thinking about the possibility of making a machine with humanlike ability, but now that we have grown used to moving forward at such a speed, we can be less sure.Quite soon, in only 10 or 20 years, perhaps, we will be able to build a machine as complex(复杂的) as the human brain, and if we can,
12、 we will.It may then take us a long time to make it as intelligent as the human brain by properly programming it.I think it is certain that in decades, not centuries, machines of silicon (硅) will arise to compete with their human ancestors.In a real sense they will be able to reproduce themselves.Si
13、licon will have ended carbons long control.And we will no longer be able to consider ourselves to be the finest intelligence in the world.As the intelligence of robots increases and their cost goes down, we may achieve a lot with their help, first on the earth through their ability to complete any k
14、ind of work in harmful environments.In the end, deserts (沙漠) may turn into gardens.Further ahead, by a combination of the great wealth this new age will bring and the technology it will provide, the creation of a huge, manmade world in space, home to thousands or millions of people, will be within o
15、ur power.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人可能给人类未来生活带来的改变。5In the authors opinion, the human brain Ais complex and intelligentBis too complex to be reproducedCmay change a lot in 10 or 20 yearsDwill soon be replaced by machines解析：选A细节理解题。由第一段中的as complex (复杂的) as the human brain和as intelligent as the human br
16、ain可知，作者认为人类的大脑十分复杂而且非常聪明，故选A项。6The underlined word “carbon” in Paragraph 2 stands for Ahuman beings Ban old machineCan ocean animal Dintelligent robots解析：选A词义猜测题。由该段中的machines of silicon (硅) will arise to compete with their human ancestors可知，carbon在此是指代人类(碳基生命是以碳元素为有机物质基础的生物，地球上已知的生物，包括人类在内，大多数都是碳基
17、生命)，故选A项。7In the last paragraph, the author mainly Atalks about the intelligence of robotsBexplains how to create a world in spaceCdescribes what our future life might beDshows his worry about the environment解析：选C段落大意题。作者在尾段中主要就人类未来的生活简单地进行了描绘，故选C项。.完形填空My husband and I didnt have any family nearby,
18、 so Christmas holiday always made me feel a little 1 Then one year, I had a thought, “Lets throw a party！” We had 2 who werent going to see their families either.Why not fix a meal and 3 a new tradition? My husband also loved the idea.Both of us got 4 Then we began to invite friends.Our list grew la
19、rger and 5 we had a party of eight people.Christmas quickly arrived.We got busy decorating and 6 In our excitement we had prepared a great 7 compared to our normal dinner.“Lets hope all of them will come.”But it was already ten minutes after their scheduled arrival time and no one had 8 As the first
20、 guest arrived, we let out a huge sigh of 9 Soon our small apartment became cozy with people.Our guests 10 themselves to each other and former strangers became friends.We went around the table, 11 our favorite Christmas memories.A Christmas that I had been 12 had become a day to bond and share 13 Th
21、roughout the years, the 14 of the Christmas party didnt change.Im glad I reached out to friends that December.Im even more thankful that they 15 and shared the day with us.Actually, friends are family you choose for yourself.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫两个人独自在异乡生活，每年圣诞节的时候尤其觉得孤独，因此他们便开始邀请和他们一样的朋友一起过圣诞，
22、并且多年一直坚持这个传统。1A.tired BangryCrelaxed Dlonely解析：选D由空前My husband and I didnt have any family nearby 可判断出，作者和丈夫都离家人很远，所以每年的圣诞节总是让作者感到有些孤独。2A.neighbors BfriendsCcolleagues Drelatives解析：选B由下文他们邀请的对象可判断出，他们有一些朋友在圣诞节也见不到家人。第5空前的invite friends 有提示。3A.maintain BcreateCbreak Dcontinue解析：选B由空前后的语境可知，作者想要在他们家举办
23、一个圣诞聚会，创造一个新的传统。4A.nervous BembarrassedCexcited Dshocked解析：选C作者的丈夫很喜欢她的这一想法，他们都为此感到兴奋。5A.suddenly BregularlyCnaturally Deventually解析：选D由空后的内容可判断，名单上的客人越来越多，最终他们邀请了八位朋友。6A.donating BdeliveringCpainting Dcooking解析：选D根据下一句we had prepared a great 7 compared to our normal dinner可知，他们忙着装饰，忙着做饭。7A.feast Bs
24、urpriseCtrip Dservice解析：选A由空后compared to our normal dinner可判断，我们准备了一桌盛宴。8A.turned away Bshown upCheld on Dgone ahead解析：选B上句描述他们期待着所有客人都能来。由本句中的But 可知，超过约定的时间十分钟了，却没有一位客人出现。9A.pain BimpatienceCsadness Drelief解析：选D当第一位客人来的时候，作者和丈夫松了一口气。10A.compared BconnectedCintroduced Dchanged解析：选C由空前后的语境可判断，客人们互相介绍
25、着彼此，曾经的陌生人此刻成为了朋友。11A.discussing BclassifyingCconsidering Dsharing解析：选D由下文的become a day to bond and share 13 可推断出，“我们”围着桌子分享着对过去圣诞节的记忆。12A.fearing BdoubtingCadmiring Dignoring解析：选A这里呼应文章开头的内容，一直让“我”害怕到来的圣诞节，如今变成了“我们”相聚在一起用餐，一起分享经历的一天。13A.opinions BexperiencesCanswers Dinterests解析：选B参考上题解析。14A.princi
26、ple BdutyCtradition Drule解析：选C由空前后的语境可知，多年过去了，圣诞聚会的传统一直没变。第3空后的a new tradition有提示。15A.interrupted BpredictedCrepeated Dresponded解析：选D让“我”更感激的是朋友们响应并和“我们”一起分享那一天。.语法填空In todays world of mobile payment, all we really need 1 (survive) is a smartphone.But one company is hoping to make traditional wallet
27、s cool again, by 2 (bring) them into the digital age.Armenian firm Voltermans smart wallet takes security to a new level.Its fitted with different technologies, such as 3 alarm, a GPS tracker, and even a camera.If your smartphone and wallet become separate, the alarm will warn you 4 you dont leave i
28、t behind.And if your wallet 5 (lose) or stolen, the GPS tracker can help you reach it.Even 6 (interesting) is the frontfacing camera.“If someone dares to open your wallet 7 permission, a little camera inside 8 (take) a picture and send it to your mobile phone.You will find it 9 (easy) by receiving a
29、 picture of the thief，” Azat Tovmasyan, Voltermans founder, told news site Banks.am.The hightech wallet will be released later this year and will come in three 10 (model), with the cheapest expected to cost 179.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种即将上市的智能钱包。1to survive考查非谓语动词。we really need为all的定语从句，在定语从句中不定式作目的状
30、语，故填to survive。2bringing考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词by可知，空处作该介词的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填bringing。3an考查冠词。根据该句中的a GPS tracker, and even a camera并结合语境可知，该处泛指“一个警报器”，且alarm的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。4so考查连词。根据空处前后的句意可知，空处前后表示因果关系，故填so。5is lost考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。if引导的条件状语从句中可用一般现在时表示将来，故空处用一般现在时；根据语境可知，空处表示钱包被丢失，主语your wallet为第三人称单数形式，故填is
31、lost。6more interesting考查形容词的比较级。上文介绍了如果你的钱包丢失或被盗，GPS跟踪器可以帮助你找到的情况，结合该句中的Even可知，此处表示“更令人感兴趣的是前置摄像头”，故该处用形容词的比较级，故填more interesting。7without考查介词。根据语境可知，如果有人胆敢在未经允许的情况下打开你的钱包，里面的一个小相机就会拍下照片并发送到你的智能手机上。without permission意为“未经允许”，故填without。8will take考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，该句为主从复合句，从句为if引导的条件状语从句，使用了一般现在时，故主句用一般将来时，故填will take。9easily考查词性转换。空处修饰动词find，应用副词形式，故填easily。10models考查名词的单复数。model为可数名词，根据空前的数词three可知，该处用复数形式，故填models。
