1、专题跟踪检测15介绍说明类(四)(限时15分钟)(见专题跟踪检测P135)Test 1(2019湖南六校联考)Gardening 380 Kilometers above EarthAstronauts have to go through physical, psychological, and technical training. They also go through training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants
2、.Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isnt a new idea. As space trips become longer, it will be necessary to grow food in space. _1_ Because of this, its not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away.Plants can serve many uses on a space journey.
3、 They can provide more fresh things. _2_ Also, plants can help to make air quality better because they produce oxygen. They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraftthe only air the astronauts can breathe._3_ Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stay
4、s around the plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravity, roots dont “know” to grow down, leaves dont “know” to grow up, and water doesnt easily travel up the roots to the leaves. _4_ Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid ge
5、ls(凝胶) are used to help plant growth.Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are trying to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. _5_ Imagine that deserts may one day provid
6、e lots of fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistant to disease could provide an important food supply. With the worlds population now at about 7.7 billion people, our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions.AEvery plant g
7、rown in space must have several uses.BHowever, there are challenges with growing plants in space.CSuch methods may result in improvements back here on Earth.DThe cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram.ESpecialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow corre
8、ctly.FAstronauts will welcome the addition of fruits and vegetables to their diet of dry foods.GCurrently all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks.语篇类型：说明文主题语境：科技发展语篇导读：本文为科技成果介绍，主要介绍了宇航员在太空种植的原因和好处以及种植方法。1解析 D因果关系。空后是说将所有所需东西带上太空是不切合实际的；据此可推知，空处应是说明原因，故选D项(带任何东西到太空的花费大约是每千克22 000美元)。2解析 F并列关系。根据空前一句和空后一
9、句可推知，空处也应是介绍太空种植植物的好处，故选F项。3解析 B转折关系。上文介绍了太空种植的好处，下文介绍了种植太空果蔬有一定的困难；据此可知，空处与上文为转折关系，故选B项。4解析 E顺承关系。根据上文可知，在失重的情况下，植物的根和叶不知道如何生长，水分也不容易从根部传到叶子上；而空后一句介绍了关于土壤的解决方法；据此可推知，空处应是介绍解决上述问题的方法，故选E项。5解析 C顺承关系。根据空前一句可知，科学家们正在寻找各种让植物少用水，在太空快速生长，而且可以抵抗病害的方法；下文又提到改良后的植物对地球的影响；据此可推知，空处应是说明这些方法可以在地球上运用以带来改善，故选C项。Tes
10、t 2(2019湖南长沙四校一模)A New Trend of Micro MuseumsIs Making Science PortableScience museums are amazing. You can see large dinosaur bones from the huge creatures that disappeared thousands of years ago or take a look at cells under a microscope. _1_.You can learn so much at a science museum if living clo
11、se enough to one. However, for those who dont live in a city, getting a chance to visit science museums is not easy. “_2_,_their influence is limited. There just arent enough science museums，” said Charles Philipp. “And due to the high costs，its unlikely that well be seeing a bunch of new traditiona
12、l science museums popping up all over the country anytime soon.”Philipp and his partner Amanda Schochet have decided to reinvent science museums by getting them small. They founded MICRO, a nonprofit organization that builds tiny 6foottall science museums, which are portable and replicable(可复制的). _3
13、_. They can get access to it for free in such places as waiting rooms of hospitals, libraries, airports, and even shopping malls._4_,_they made it with the help of a team of engineers, storytellers and designers. Each of the micro museums has a scientific topic. The first museum is the Smallest Moll
14、usk(软体动物) Museum showing the world of mollusks, which has won great popularity as the only museum devoted just to mollusks. A second museum is the Perpetual Motion Museum that focuses on physics and engineering and will officially open next year. It asks why things move, and why they stop. _5_. Hope
15、fully one will come to a neighborhood near you soon.AScience museums are beneficialBWhile the content is vitally importantCAlthough it costs nothing to visit museumsDThe plan is to get people of all ages connected with scienceEEven though making the tiny museums a reality was difficultFSuch new muse
16、ums allow people to explore fun scientific topicsGYou can also learn to think like an engineer by building a model ship语篇类型：说明文主题语境：社区生活语篇导读：本文介绍了一种只有6英尺高的便携式可复制的微型科学博物馆，它使人们更容易接触科学博物馆和学习新的科学知识。1解析 G并列关系。根据空前一句和下段首句可知，此处也应是你可以在科学博物馆做的事情，故选G项。2解析 B让步关系。结合上文中提及博物馆的好处以及下文可知，空处与后半句是让步关系，B项符合语境，故选B项。3解析
17、D顺承关系。上文提到Charles Philipp和Amanda Schochet决定建造微型科学博物馆，空处说明了他们建造微型科学博物馆的目的，是对上一句的进一步阐述，故选D项。【易错点拨】 F项干扰性非常强，从语意上看，F项好像与上下文联系比较流畅，但是空后一句中的it指代的是空处句子中的某个表示单数意义的词，而F项并没有符合要求的词。此外，F项强调的fun scientific topics在本段中并无信息暗示，故可以排除。4解析 E让步关系。根据上文对微型科学博物馆的描述及空后半句可知，建造这样的科学博物馆绝非易事，但他们成功了，故选E项。5解析 F顺承关系。上文主要介绍了两种主题的微型科学博物馆，这些新型科学博物馆能够使人们了解有趣的科学话题，F项符合语境，故选F项。
