1、Unit 5 The power of nature 一、课前基础自查(一)分类记单词省时高效.阅读单词(知其意)1diagram n. 图解；图表；示意图2volcano n. 火山3ash n. 灰；灰末4hurricane n. 飓风；风暴5questionnaire n. 问卷；调查表6sample n. 样品；样本7database n. 数据库；资料库8fountain vi. & vt. 泉水般地喷出或涌出n. 喷泉；源泉9helmet n. 头盔10boot n. 靴子11bungalow n. 平房；小屋12typhoon n. 台风13thunderstorm n. 雷暴1
2、4document n. 文件；证件15rainbow n. 彩虹16balcony n. 阳台.重点单词(写其形)1wave n. 波浪；波涛 vi. 波动；起伏；挥手2alongside adv. 在旁边；沿着边prep. 在旁边；沿着的边3potential n. 潜在性；可能性；潜能adj. 可能的；潜在的4candidate n. 候选人；候补者5precious adj. 贵重的；珍贵的6shoot vt. 射中；射伤7shot n. 射击；枪炮声8sweat n. 汗vi. 出汗9tremble vi. 摇晃；摇动；颤抖10panic vi. & vt. 惊慌n. 惊慌；恐慌11
3、guarantee vt. 保证；担保12arouse vt. 激发；唤醒 .拓展单词(通其变)1equipment n设备；装备equip v配备；装备2appoint vt.任命；委派appointment n任命；约定3evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计evaluation n评估4absolute adj.绝对的；完全的absolutely adv.绝对地；完全地5suit n一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜suitable adj.适当的；相配的6erupt vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生eruption n火山爆发；(战争等)爆发7actual adj.实在的；实际的actu
4、ally adv.实际地8novelist n小说家novel n小说adj.新奇的9unconscious adj.失去知觉的；未察觉的conscious adj.有知觉的；有意识的consciously adv.有意识地10anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的；渴望的anxiously adv.不安地anxiety n担心；焦虑；渴望11appreciation n欣赏；感激；感谢；鉴赏appreciate vt.欣赏；感激12fog n雾；烟雾foggy adj.有雾的；模糊的13uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不舒适的comfortable adj.自在的；舒适的com
5、fort vt.使安慰14diverse adj.多种多样的；不同的diversity n多种多样；多样性15bathe vi.洗澡；游泳bath n洗澡；沐浴语境活用1In our office, Jim is an absolutely (absolute) brilliant expert in computers, and he always solves the complex problems in a few minutes.2It helps children to develop an appreciation (appreciate) of poetry and liter
6、ature.3I felt uncomfortable (comfortable) in my stomach because I ate too much.4He was appointed as manager of the company.But to everyones surprise, he didnt accept the appointment.(appoint)5He was anxious to leave and he could not hide his anxiety.(anxious)6People from diverse cultures hold differ
7、ent understanding on the play and this diversity of opinions make it hard to reach an agreement at the meeting.(diverse)7Do you want to evaluate your intelligence？Just complete the evaluation from below, please.(evaluate)8Tom was badly hurt and still unconscious after the accident, but his wife was
8、conscious and was smiling to us consciously.(conscious)(二)练中记短语记牢用活写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.burn_to_the_ground全部焚毁2make_ones_way 前往3be_suitable_for 适合；适于4make_up 组成；构成；编造5get_close_to 靠近6glance_through 匆匆看一遍7be_home_to_. 为之栖息地/原产地8be_rewarded_with 得到回报/奖赏9vary_from_._to_. 由到不等10give_birth_to 生产；产生11have_
9、a_gift_for 有的天赋1.Because of a big fire, the house was burnt_to_the_ground.2Having admired the beautiful view, she began to make_her_way down the mountain.3Though he is young, he has_a_gift_for learning foreign languages.4Opinions on this matter vary_from person to person, so it is hard for us to mak
10、e the final decision.5The Rockies are_home_to bears and mountain lions.6We were all delighted that Nancy gave_birth_to a baby boy last night.7With an attractive album lying on the desk, he asked if he might glance_through it.(三)仿写明句式以用为本教材原句句式解读句式仿写1.Yet, however weak we are, we are not completely p
11、owerless.然而，无论我们多么脆弱，我们并不是完全无能为力。however引导让步状语，意为“无论多么”，可用no matter how替换。无论我们距离有多远，我们都感觉近在咫尺。However_far_away_we_are,_we feel close to each other.2. . but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.但我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。独立主格结构在句中作原因状语。他站在窗边，阳光洒在他的脸上。He stood at the wind
12、ow, the_sun_shining_on_his_face.3.It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion . 据说这个男孩具有很强的语言天赋和说服力It is said that . “据说”，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。(2018北京高考书面表达)据说中国的茶文化要追溯到5 000年前。It_is_said_that Chinese tea culture dates back to 5,000 years ago.二、课堂重点深化1appoint vt.任命；委派；约
13、定自主体验单句语法填空Yesterday, Sam was appointed as manager of the engineering department.You can put the books in the appointed (appoint) place, and other participants can have free access to them.I have made an appointment (appoint) with him, but I need to change it.He was appointed to_solve (solve) the pr
14、oblem of environmental pollution.系统归纳(1)appoint sb. as .任命某人为appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事(2)appointed adj. 约定的(3)appointment n. 任命；约定make an appointment with sb. 与某人做约定keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约重点强化易错处处防A meeting was called for the purpose of appoint a new secretary. appointappointing佳句时时写一
15、个守时的人有守约的习惯，从不违约。A punctual person is in the habit of keeping_an_appointment and never breaks_an_appointment.2suit n一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜自主体验单句语法填空A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his pupils.Firstly, because my spoken English is fluent, I think I am very suited (suit) for this job. You will
16、 complete at least one manuscript (手稿) suitable to_hand (hand) in to a publisher by the time you finish our course. 一句多译他不适合这份工作，两周后就离职了。He_wasnt_suited_for_the_job and left after two weeks.(suited)The_job_wasnt_suitable_for_him and he left after two weeks.(suitable)The_job_didnt_suit_him and he lef
17、t after two weeks.(suit)系统归纳(1)suit .to .使适合(2)suited adj. 适合的(作表语)be suited for/to sth. (某人)适合某物(3)suitable adj. 适当的；相配的be suitable for sb. (某物)适合某人be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事重点强化用法条条清(suit/fit/match)The hat doesnt suit her, for one thing it doesnt fit because of its size; for another its color do
18、esnt match her charming face.佳句时时写(2016全国卷书面表达)如果不方便，请告诉我什么时间最适合你。If not, let me know what_time_suits_you_best.名师指津suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、款式等； 而fit多指大小、形状的合适；match多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。3anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的自主体验单句语法填空The drought had lasted several months, which made farmers anxious (anxiety)He was anxious to_kno
19、w (know) what had happened.Jack still cant help being anxious about his job interview.一句多译我们焦急地等待她平安到达的消息。We waited with_anxiety for the news of her safe arrival.We waited anxiously for the news of her safe arrival.系统归纳(1)be anxious 为担心/担忧be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事(2)anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望with anxiety
20、anxiously 焦虑地；焦急地重点强化易错处处防I heard you suffered from anxious when you took an exam recently.anxiousanxiety佳句时时写别人告诉我辅导中心可以给学生提供帮助，我渴望从您那儿得到一些帮助。I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and Im_anxious_to_get_help_from_you.4panic n惊慌；恐慌vi.&vt.(使)惊慌/恐慌自主体验单句语法填空Not only do online rumors
21、 cause people in panic, but they disturb public order.Tom panicked at the sound of explosion and his wife also got into a panic.Hearing the gun, the deer was_panicked (panic) into running straight for the headlights.系统归纳(1)in panic惊慌失措地get into a panic 陷入恐慌(2)panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人惊慌地做某事重点强化易
22、错处处防If the people in the building hadnt been in a panic and left in order when the fire occurred, many of them would not have been killed. 去掉a佳句时时写当你处于紧急情况时，不要惊慌。When you are in a tight situation, dont_panic. 名师指津注意panic的过去式和过去分词都是“panicked”。5guarantee v保证；担保n.保证；担保；保修单自主体验单句语法填空He guarantees to_pay
23、 (pay) off his debts on time, no matter what happens.The digital camera in our shop is of high quality. If there should be something wrong with it while it is still under guarantee, we would repair it at our expense.系统归纳(1)guarantee to do sth.保证做某事guarantee sb. sth. 保证某人某事(2)under guarantee 在保修期内giv
24、e sb. a guarantee that . 向某人保证重点强化易错处处防If you send the application form in straight way, I can guarantee you of an interview.去掉of佳句时时写你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？Can you give_me_a_guarantee_that the work will be finished on time?1make ones way前往系统归纳fight ones way奋力前进lose ones way 迷路feel ones way 摸索前进push ones wa
25、y 挤出来wind ones way 蜿蜒前进重点强化补全句子Look! Many children are_making_their_way to the beach.看！很多孩子正往海滩走去。It was so foggy that we had to feel_our_way_home.雾这么大，我们只好摸索着回家。A stream is winding_its_way through the valley into the river.一条小溪蜿蜒着穿过山谷，流入这条河。2glance through匆匆看一遍；粗略地看系统归纳go through通过；经受；仔细检查get throu
26、gh 通过；做完；接通电话；熬过look through 快速查看；浏览see through 看穿；识破重点强化补全句子I have_looked_through_all_my_papers but I still cant find my notes.我浏览了所有的文件，可还是找不到我的笔记。The manager was rushing to the airport so he_glanced_through_the_report the secretary had typed.经理要急于去飞机场，所以他粗略地看了秘书打印的报告。佳句时时写(2017全国卷书面表达)你最好在上课前做好充分
27、的准备并简要了解唐朝的历史，这会使你容易地通过这节课。Youd better make full preparations before class and have a brief understanding of the history of Tang Dynasty, which makes_it_easy_for_you_to_go_through_the_class.3vary from .to .由到不等自主体验单句语法填空I like reading very much, especially the story books, varying from Chinese stori
28、es to English ones.Malaysia, a multiracial and multicultural country, is famous for its varieties (vary) of delicious food.As in China, the climate in Canada varies with the area.These toys vary in shape and color, attracting childrens attention.系统归纳(1)vary in .在(大小、形状等)上不同vary with 随变化/改变(2)various
29、 adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的(3)variety n. 种种；多样化a wide variety of/varieties of种种；各种各样的重点强化易错处处防The school library provides variety original works, hoping they will meet the needs of different students.varietyvarious佳句时时写(2018天津高考书面表达)除了常规训练外，训练日程包括参加各种各样的活动，例如参加一些全国竞赛。The training schedule, apart from regular
30、training, includes_joining_in_a_wide_variety_of/varieties_of/various_activities,_such as participating in some national competitions. 4独立主格结构教材原句The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this_being_my_first_experience,_I stayed at the top and watched them.自
31、主体验The guide leading (lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.The task completed (complete), we had a global traveling.Such an able man to_help (help) you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.I heard that he got injured in the accident, my_heart_full_of_worry.听说他在这起事故中受了伤，我内心充
32、满了担忧。归纳点拨用法规则独立主格结构的常用形式：(1)逻辑主语现在分词(2)逻辑主语过去分词(3)逻辑主语动词不定式(4)逻辑主语形容词/副词/名词/介词短语注意事项独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。佳句背诵(增分要点句)Time permitting, I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can have a better relationship.(增分要点句)Some falling behind, othe
33、rs would come and offer help. 5“It is said that .”句式教材原句It_is_said_that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.自主体验It is said that the new mayor will come into power next month.The new mayor is_said_to_come into power next month.It is said tha
34、t carbon dioxide is heating the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.Carbon dioxide is_said_to_be_heating the earth twice as quickly as previously feared.It is said that the early European playingcards were designed for entertainment and education. The early European playingcards are_said_to_
35、have_been_designed for entertainment and education.It_is_wellknown_that advertising is often the most effective method of promotion.众所周知，广告通常是最有效的促销方法。It_is_hoped_that the terrible disease will soon be controlled.人们希望这种可怕的疾病能很快得到控制。It_is_believed_that John will help us with some money.大家都相信约翰会资助我们一些
36、钱的。归纳点拨用法规则(1)句式“It is said that .Sb. is said to do sth.”，意为“据说”。其中，不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。(2)It is thought that .据认为It is believed that . 人们相信It is reported that . 据报道It is hoped that . 人们希望It is wellknown that . 众所周知注意事项在该句型中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。佳句背诵(精彩开头句)Its wellknown that “Where there is a will, th
37、ere is a way”(增分要点句)(2018全国卷书面表达)It is believed that the movie will be not only meaningful but also interesting. (精彩收尾句)(2018全国卷书面表达)It is hoped that these suggestions would be of great help to you. 本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自然”中的“大自然的力量”子话题相对应一、话题语素积累多一点子话题大自然的力量(一)浅易词汇温一温activeterribleconcern dangerdevelo
38、pment discover escape experimentfascinating trap panic flood(二)生疏词汇记一记bubble v冒气泡 crack n裂缝distribute vt. 发放；分发 drought n. 干旱extinct adj. 灭绝的 formation n. 构成frighten vt. 使惊恐 inject v. 注射；注入issue v. 发布 landslide n. 山体滑坡layer n. 层 mudslide n. 泥石流occur v. 发生 predict vt. 预报；预言；预告sandstorm n. 沙尘暴 shortag
39、e n. 缺乏slippery adj. 滑的 threaten vt. 威胁(三)常用词块忆一忆acid rain n酸雨economic losses 经济损失natural disaster 自然灾害rebuild ones home 重建家园stricken area 受灾地区warning level 警戒水位turn off 关闭(四)写作佳句背一背The earthquake caused structural damage to most of the buildings in the town.Sometimes a smile is so powerful that it
40、gives people suffering from disasters great courage.A severe earthquake destroyed almost everything, leaving badly damaged buildings.The country has provided food and clothes for the homeless people in the disasterstricken areas.二、话题书面表达亮一点题目要求假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom发邮件询问今年夏天你家乡的洪水灾害情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1灾害描述；2救
41、援状况；3现在状况。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。写作4步走第一步：句写对给词写句(用方框内的词汇翻译句子)across the whole country, be trapped in the water, cover every corner, in panic, make it, make ones efforts, return to normal, send the army, thanks to, the joint efforts, the terrible floods1可怕的洪水使到处一片汪洋。The_terrible_floods_covere
42、d_every_corner.2一些人处于惊慌失措之中。Some_people_were_in_panic.3. 更多的人被困在洪水之中。More_people_were_trapped_in_the_water. 4. 政府派出军队。The_government_sent_the_army. 5. 全国各地的人们尽最大努力来帮助我们。People_across_the_whole_country_made_their_efforts_to_help_us. 6. 由于共同努力，我们成功了，生活恢复了正常。Thanks_to_the_joint_efforts,_we_made_it_and_
43、our_life_has_returned_to_normal.第二步：量写够语句扩充7. 在句4中加入副词immediately修饰动词sent；在army后加入并列句“他们前往灾区”。The_government_immediately_sent_the_army,_and_they_made_their_way_to_the_disaster_area.8用give us a willing hand表达句5中的“帮助”。People_across_the_whole_country_made_their_efforts_to_give_us_a_willing_hand. 第三步：语写
44、美词句升格1把句1改为独立主格结构；然后用while连接句2和句3。The_terrible_floods_covering_every_corner,_some_people_were_in_panic_while_more_were_trapped_in_the_water. 2. 把句7改为who引导的非限制性定语从句。The_government_immediately_sent_the_army,_who_made_their_way_to_the_disaster_area.第四步：篇连顺衔接成文使用“I am writing to tell you some details ab
45、out the floods in my hometown this summer.”作为首段点明写信目的；使用at the very beginning引出灾害介绍；使用at the same time和meanwhile列举救援状况；使用eventually介绍灾后状况；用“Looking forward to your earliest reply.”结尾。Dear_Tom，I_am_writing_to_tell_you_some_details_about_the_floods_in_my_hometown_this_summer.At_the_very_beginning,_the
46、_terrible_floods_covering_every_corner,_some_people_were_in_panic_while_more_were_trapped_in_the_water._At_the_same_time,_the_government_immediately_sent_the_army,_who_made_their_way_to_the_disaster_area._Meanwhile，people_across_the_whole_country_made_their_efforts_to_give_us_a_willing_hand._Eventua
47、lly,_thanks_to_the_joint_efforts,_we_made_it_and_our_life_has_returned_to_normal.Looking_forward_to_your_earliest_reply.Yours，Li_Hua一、复现单元考点增强备考信心.高考中的语法填空1(2018全国卷)Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, Im still putting to use what he taught me: The absolute (absolutely)most important skill th
48、at you learn when you play chess is how to make good decisions. 2(2017浙江高考)Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a meeting place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They discussed various(vary) matters all over the world. 3(2015陕西高考)Firstly, because my spoken En
49、glish is fluent, I think this job suits (suitable) me well.4(2013福建高考)The son, well dressed, waves (wave) proudly in the middle while the father behind bends forward to hold the jacket and the mother in front rolls out the carpet, sweating.5(2013北京高考)Just like the man in the picture, instead of the
50、big fish he wishes for, he actually (actual) catches a small one. 6(2009辽宁高考)A volcanic eruption (erupt) in Iceland has sent ash across northern Europe.高考中的完形填空(选用anxious, bathed, appointed填空)1(2018全国卷完形填空)I was thrilled! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to meet. The bay was _45_
51、in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore.bathed2(2015重庆高考完形填空)“I hope I did the right thing, Mom，” Alice said. “I saw a cat, all bloody but alive. I carried it to the vets (宠物医院), and was asked to make payment immediately. As I couldnt reach anyone at the phone number
52、 on the cats tag (标牌), I had to pay the bill.”In the following days, the owner still couldnt be contacted. Alice paid the vet to continue treatment. I grew_22_： What if the family had simply left the cat behind？anxious3(2014安徽高考完形填空)I told her that I couldnt put her to that trouble, but she brushed
53、aside my protests (反对). She asked me where I was staying and next morning she was waiting at my apartment at the_51_time to take me to Disney World.appointed二、复现话题词汇提高阅读准度新高考下的命题新视角：人类在大自然面前是渺小的。然而，人类在自然灾害面前体现出的精神是“团结一致”的正能量，这种“团结一致，勇往直前”的精神让我们在面对灾难时变得更加强大。高考也会围绕此类话题进行命题，以弘扬正能量。话题感悟学习目标 语篇复现词汇，活学活用记
54、忆更深(加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)1The US government has recently helped people learn more about the dangers of earthquakes by publishing a map. This map shows the chances of an earthquake in each part of the country. The areas of the map where earthquakes are most likely to occur are called earthquake bel
55、ts. The government is spending a great deal of money and is working hard to help to discover the answers to these two questions：2Can we predict earthquakes?3Can we control earthquakes?4To answer the first question, scientists are looking very closely at the most active fault (断层) systems in the coun
56、try, such as the San Andreas fault in California. A fault is a break between two sections of the earths surface. These breaks between sections are the places where earthquakes occur. Scientists look at the faults for changes which might show that an earthquake was about to occur. But it will probabl
57、y be many years before we can predict earthquakes correctly. And the control of earthquakes is even farther away.5However, there have been some interesting developments in the field of controlling earthquakes. The most interesting development concerns the Rocky Mountain Arsenal earthquakes. Here wat
58、er was put into a layer of rocks 4,000 metres below the surface of the ground.Shortly after this injection (注射) of water, there was a small number of earthquakes. Scientists have decided that the water which was injected into the rocks worked like oil on each other.6When the water “oiled” the fault,
59、 the fault became slippery and the energy of an earthquake was given out. Scientists are still experimenting at the site of these earthquakes. They have realized that there is a connection between the injection of the water and the earthquake activity. They have suggested that it might be possible t
60、o use this knowledge to prevent very big, dangerous earthquakes, that is, scientists could inject some kind of fluid like water into faults and change one big earthquake into a number of small, harmless earthquakes.语篇解读：为了提高人们对地震的防范意识，美国政府加大了在防震、预测方面的投入，他们甚至在努力采取措施控制地震的发生。1Earthquakes belts are_.Ama
61、ps that show where earthquakes are likely to occurBzones with a high probability of earthquakesCbreaks between two sections of the earths surfaceDthe two layers of earth along a fault解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句可知，地震多发地带被称为earthquake belts。2The San Andreas fault is_.Aan active fault systemBa place where ear
62、thquakes have been predicted correctlyCa place where earthquakes have been controlledDat the foot of the Rocky Mountain解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段首句可知，该断层是比较活跃的断层系统。3What did scientists learn about earthquakes at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal?AThey occur at about 4,000 metres below ground level.BThe injection of
63、water into earthquake faults prevents earthquakes from occurring.CThey are usually caused by the oil in the faults.DHarmful earthquakes could be prevented by causing harmless earthquakes.解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一段尾句可知，科学家通过向断层注入水之类的液体可以把危害的地震转变成若干个无害的地震。4What can be said about the experiments at the Rocky Mo
64、untain Arsenal?AThey have no practical value in earthquake prevention.BThey may have practical value in earthquake prevention.CThey are certain to have practical value in earthquake prevention.DNothing is told about their practical value in earthquake prevention.解析：选B推理判断题。根据科学家的试验，通过向断裂带注水可以引发小地震，从而使地震的能量得到释放，因此也就降低了大地震爆发的可能。学习目标 题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透细节理解技法(8)两步攻克事实询问题 事实询问题，这类试题通常以疑问词what/who/when/where/why/how引导的特殊疑问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题的两个步骤：(1)首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义；(2)然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源。同时要注意题目和文章中的暗示。例如上文第3小题，根据文章最后一段的表述，可知D项符合题意。
