1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家40分阅读限时练(七)阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019兰州市模拟Share Your Chinese Culture Emoji (表情符号) Designs and Win PrizesWhich symbol best represents Chinese culture in your eyes? Is it the panda, kung fu, or the Great Wall? Heres your chance to decide
2、 what emojis best represent Chinese culture! The China Daily Emoji Design Contest for Chinese Cultural Symbols is calling for entries from all over the world! No matter the style, share your creative ideas with us! All winning designs will be shared and promoted on the China Daily app, and winning d
3、esigners will receive prizes! So let your creative juices flow!ThemeThe emojis should be centered around the subject of Chinese culture, presenting classic or popular cultural images in the form of emojis.Who can participate?Professional designersDesign enthusiastsAnybody who loves emojisAll nationa
4、lities are welcomedAwardsFirst prize: 6,000 yuan, with a certificate of honorSecond prize: 3,000 yuan, with a certificate of honorThird prize: 1,000 yuan, with a certificate of honorThe most popular award: the prizewinner voted by online usersWhen to submit?From now till Nov. 25Online voting: Nov. 2
5、6 to Dec. 7Result announcementThe end of DecemberRequirements1Works should be submitted online with required personal information. Maximum of three works can be submitted by each applicant. Only one prize will be awarded to one participant even if more than one work by the same designer is selected.
6、2Submitted works must be a group, with 8 to 16 emojis in each group. Formats: jpg/png/gif/jpge. Size：240 240px. Each picture should not exceed (超过) 100K, and the size of each group should not exceed 1.6M.3The work title, designing ideas and cultural meaning should be submitted as required.OrganizerC
7、hina Daily Website体裁：应用文题材：广告主题：设计中国文化表情符号的参赛信息【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了设计中国文化表情符号的参赛信息，包括比赛主题、参赛对象、奖品、提交作品时间等。【难句分析】Heres your chance to decide what emojis best represent Chinese culture!分析：句中what emojis best represent Chinese culture为what引导的宾语从句，作及物动词decide的宾语译文：这是你来决定什么表情符号最能代表中国文化的机会！1Which prize is
8、decided by Internet voting?AFirst prize. BSecond prize.CThird prize. DMost popular award.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。由题干中的关键词prize定位至Awards部分；由该部分中的“The most popular award: the prizewinner voted by online users”可知，最受欢迎奖由网友投票选出；故D项正确。2When can a participant get the result of the design contest?AOn Nov. 25. BOn Nov
9、. 26.COn Dec. 7. DAt the end of December.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。由题干中的关键词the result定位至Result announcement部分；由该部分“The end of December”可知，在十二月底揭晓参赛结果，故D项正确。3According to the requirements, a participant can submit _.Aonly one work Btwo works at leastCthree works at most Das many works as he or she like答案与解析：C考查细
10、节理解。根据Requirements部分中的“Maximum of three works can be submitted by each applicant”可知，C项正确。B2019太原阶段测评In the far corner of the front yard of a large house in Florida rests an RV Recreational Vehicle (活动房屋式旅游车)，shaded by trees as clothing on a nearby line sways in the breeze. In this RV, National Geogr
11、aphic explorer Thomas Culhane lives with his wife, Enas, almost entirely off the grid a lifestyle without relying on electricity supply.Culhane began living off the grid in the late 1990s, when he went into the basement of his apartment building in Los Angeles and pulled the plug that delivered elec
12、tricity. Even earlier though , he was first inspired by sustainable living during a trip in 1970 to visit his relatives. He was eight years old and worried that his stay in their small village was going to be miserable because his relatives told him they had no air conditioning or electricity but th
13、ey had plenty of fresh fruits from orchards (果园) and lots of cold drinks chilled by the icy stream from the ice caps of the nearby mountain. “This is amazing，” says Culhane.He met Enas when she was living in an ecovillage in Portugal. Enas said she liked the feeling of being lowimpact, of being virt
14、ually harmless to the earth. Culhane was impressed and fell in love with her. The couple got married, living on the same property that they currently have. They moved into their first home together an RV which they promptly took completely offgrid.Inside their RV, Culhane and Enas have hot showers,
15、a working gas stove, a refrigerator, a washing machine and a big screen TV. They use gas created by their onsite biodigesters (生物煮解器) to cook on a gaspowered stove. They also use energy created by the biodigesters to heat their bath water. They feed the biodigesters using their own food waste at no
16、additional cost to the earth.Sometimes on weekends, the RV is turned into a classroom. The couple host workshops to let the community members and students know living an offgrid life is getting easier and teach them how to respect and coexist peacefully with the environment.体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：自给自足的生活【语
17、篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Culhane和Enas这对夫妇在活动房屋式旅游车中自给自足的生活。【难句分析】The couple got married, living on the same property that they currently have.分析：本句是一个简单句。living. currently have作伴随状语；that they currently have作后置定语，修饰先行词property。译文：这对情侣结婚了，依靠他们当前拥有的同一所房产生活。4What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?AAd
18、d some background information.BSummarize the previous paragraph.CProvide some advice for the readers.DIntroduce a new topic for discussion.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第二段的内容可推知，本段主要介绍了Culhane居住在活动房屋式旅游车里之前的一些背景信息。5What attracted Culhane most when he first met Enas?AHer marriage property.BTheir common life belie
19、f.CThe beauty of her ecovillage.DHer experience of exploration.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Enas said she liked the feeling of being lowimpact, of being virtually harmless to the earth. Culhane was impressed and fell in love with her”可推知，当Culhane第一次见到Enas的时候，最吸引他的是他们共同的人生信念。6What do the biodigesters produc
20、e?AFood waste. BAdditional costs.CGreenhouse gases. DAlternative energy.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“They use gas. to heat their bath water”可知，生物煮解器可产生替代能源。7What can be a suitable title for the text?AAn RV ClassroomBLiving off the GridCGetting Close to NatureDProtecting the Environment答案与解析：B考查标题判断。通读全文内
21、容，尤其是第一段最后一句中的“Thomas Culhane lives with his wife, Enas, almost entirely off the grid a lifestyle without relying on electricity supply”，第二段第一句话中的“Culhane began living off the grid in the late 1990s”和最后一段中的“The couple host workshops to let the community members and students know living an offgrid li
22、fe is getting easier”可知，本文主要讲述了Culhane和Enas这对夫妇完全脱离电力供应，住在活动房屋式旅游车中的自给自足的生活，故选B。C2019武昌调研The Mandarin (普通话)speaking figure spins around a 360degree restaurant scene in an artificial intelligencedriven instruction program that looks like a giant video game. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute students t
23、esting the technology move inside the 12foothigh projection (投影) to order virtual bean curd from the panda waiter, chat with Beijing market sellers and practice Tai chi by mirroring moves of a watchful teacher.“Definitely less anxiety than messing it up with a real human being，” says Rahul Divekar,
24、a computer science graduate student. “So compared to that anxiety, this is a lot more easy.”The Mandarin Project is a joint enterprise of RPI and IBM. Cognitive and Immersive Systems Laboratory researchers are developing a sort of smart room that can understand students words, answer their questions
25、 and observe their gestures. Lessons are presented as games or tasks, like ordering a meal.Divekar orders Peking duck “Beijing kaoya” and the panda fetches the virtual dish. Divekar says the food is good “Cai hen hao chi” but he cant pay the bill. No problem, the panda replies “Ni keyi xi pan zi” yo
26、u can wash the dishes.Other scenes include an outdoor market and a garden, each a hightech twist on cultural immersion.“Our plan is to complete several scenes of real life in China, to let the student be able to have a virtual trip over there，” says Hui Su, director of the lab at RPI.Tests on the ro
27、om with students studying Mandarin will continue this school year as they work on additional scenes, including an airport. A sixweek course is being readied for the summer.The Mandarin Project is notable for its scale and complexity. Computers interpret speech and gesture to keep a dialogue going. W
28、hen a student points to a picture and asks “Whats that？” computers can come up with an answer. Still, language teachers need not fear for their jobs just yet. Developers of the Mandarin Project say it isnt advanced enough right now to completely replace classroom instruction.RPI president Shirley An
29、n Jackson foresees the same type of technology being applied to other spaces, such as corporate boardrooms. “Were not at the end of the line，” Jackson says, “but closer to the beginning.”体裁：说明文题材：科技主题：一项帮助学生学习普通话的新技术【语篇解读】美国伦斯勒理工学院和国际商业机器公司共同开发了一种帮助人们学习普通话的新技术，它通过让学生做一些场景中的任务或游戏来学习，让学生感到很放松。【难句分析】De
30、velopers of the Mandarin Project say it isnt advanced enough right now to completely replace classroom instruction.分析：这是一个主从复合句。句中“it isnt advanced enough right now to completely replace classroom instruction”是省略了that的宾语从句，作say的宾语；advanced意为“先进的，高级的”。译文：这个普通话项目的开发者们说它现在还不够先进，无法完全取代教室授课。8What is the
31、advantage of learning via the Mandarin Project?AIt is thrilling. BIt is relaxing.CIt is effective. DIt is demanding.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句“So compared to that anxiety, this is a lot more easy”可知，这个普通话项目的优势在于它能让学生学习普通话时感到很放松，故B项正确。9How do students learn Chinese in the Mandarin Project?ABy doing test
32、s in the smart rooms.BBy learning from language teachers.CBy playing video games with Chinese.DBy conducting tasks in designed situations.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第三段最后一句“Lessons are presented as games or tasks, like ordering a meal”以及第四段和第五段的内容可推知，这个普通话项目是通过让学生在一些设计好的场景中执行任务来学习汉语的，故D项正确。10Which of the follo
33、wing scenes is to be developed?AOrdering food.BPracticing Tai chi.CWaiting at the airport.DBuying things in a market.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第七段第一句“Tests on the room with students studying Mandarin will continue this school year as they work on additional scenes, including an airport”可知，在飞机场候机这个场景有待开发，故C项正确
34、。11What can we infer from the last paragraph?ALanguage teachers will be jobless soon.BThe technology has a promising future.CThe technology has come to an end.DMore foreigners will learn Chinese.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一句“RPI president Shirley Ann Jackson foresees the same type of technology being appl
35、ied to other spaces, such as corporate boardrooms”可知，Shirley Ann Jackson预测这种技术将会用于其他场所，并结合Jackson所说的话可推知，这项技术有一个光明的未来，故B项正确。D2019桂林市，贺州市调研 The next time you make yourself a hot cup of tea or coffee, you might want to let it cool down a bit before drinking. Researchers say letting your hot drinks coo
36、l off could help you avoid some kinds of cancer.In fact, the United Nations cancer research agency decides to list hot drinks with lead, gasoline and exhaust fumes as “possibly carcinogenic (致癌的)”. In other words, each one could cause cancer.Researchers at the International Agency for Research on Ca
37、ncer found evidence that drinks at temperatures above 65 degrees Celsius, when swallowed, can cause cancer of the esophagus (食道)The researchers examined findings from other studies where tea and coffee were often served at 70 degrees Celsius or above. Those studies were completed in China and South
38、America. In developed countries, health experts have linked esophageal cancer to smoking and alcoholic drinks.However, this form of cancer is more common in areas where people have drinks at very high temperatures.In Europe and the United States, many people drink coffee and tea at temperatures arou
39、nd 60 degrees Celsius. And they often add milk which lowers the temperature considerably. However, teadrinkers in South America often enjoy their beverages at closer to 70 degrees Celsius.In 1991, the World Health Organization listed coffee as “possibly carcinogenic”. WHO officials have since change
40、d their position on that listing. They now suggest that the temperature of your hot drink is a greater risk factor than the actual drink itself.Christopher Wild is the director of the IARC. He said that the results suggest that drinking very hot beverages is one probable cause of esophageal cancer a
41、nd that it is the temperature, rather than the drinks themselves, that appears to be responsible.体裁：说明文题材：健康饮食主题：饮料过热将对健康产生不利影响【语篇解读】研究发现，饮用过热的饮料可能会引发食道癌，因此最好等到饮料冷却之后再喝。【难句分析】The next time you make yourself a hot cup of tea or coffee, you might want to let it cool down a bit before drinking.分析：句中“Th
42、e next time”引导时间状语从句；cool down意为“冷却下来”。译文：下次你给自己沏杯热茶或咖啡时，你可能想在喝之前让它冷却一下。12Who most probably suffers from cancer of the esophagus?AA girl who likes cold milk.BA man who drinks very hot tea. CA woman who likes coffee. DA man who works at IARC.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段“Researchers at the International Agency
43、 for Research on Cancer found evidence that drinks at temperatures above 65 degrees Celsius, when swallowed, can cause cancer of the esophagus (食道)”可知，喝温度在65 以上的饮料会引发食道癌，故选B。13Why did the WHO remove coffee from “possibly carcinogenic” list?ABecause people dont like coffee any longer.BBecause people
44、drink coffee at 60 degrees Celsius.CBecause coffee has nothing to do with cancers.DBecause temperature is more dangerous than coffee itself.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第七段中的“WHO officials have since changed their position on that listing. They now suggest that the temperature of your hot drink is a greater risk
45、 factor than the actual drink itself”可知，世界卫生组织之所以将咖啡从“可能致癌”清单上去掉，是因为热饮的温度对健康的影响更大，故选D。14How does the author mainly support the theme of the text?ABy studying examples.BBy starting arguments.CBy providing research results.DBy explaining statistical data.答案与解析：C考查写作手法。根据文章第一段、第三段、第四段、第五段以及第八段的内容可知，作者是
46、通过叙述研究结果以及研究者的观点来支撑本文的主题的，即过热的饮料会引发食道癌，故选C。干扰项分析：文章没有研究不同的案例，没有分析对比统计数据，也没有展开辩论，故A、B、D三项不符合题意。15What can be a suitable title for the text?AHot Drinks Linked to CancerBReduce Having Hot DrinksCDanger of Drinking Hot DrinksDHealthy Drinks答案与解析：A考查标题判断。根据第一段第二句“Researchers say letting your hot drinks c
47、ool off could help you avoid some kinds of cancer”和第八段中的“it is the temperature, rather than the drinks themselves, that appears to be responsible”并结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，即过热的饮料会引发食道癌，故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019重庆联考It is known to us all that thinking is a
48、good thing. However, some people dont do it enough, while some people overthink everything. If youre an overthinker, it can be exhausting running through all the possibilities of everything. Its not good that the whatifs run your life and you are trapped. _1_Here are some signs that you are an overt
49、hinker, even if you dont feel you are.1_2_Why didnt the girl look at me? And why did Peter look away so fast? What does it all mean? When youre an overthinker, you tend to find meaning in the world around you. Its helpful to remind yourself that things mean the meaning you give them. 2. You think mo
50、re than you do.Sometimes you think so much that you dont end up doing anything. You weigh the choices, decide which is the best, and compare it with a new choice. You end up doing nothing. _3_3You find it difficult to let things go.When youve invested a lot of time and energy into something, it can
51、be hard to let it go when it isnt working. _4_ The more you think about something, the more it can eat away at you.4You want to get everything right.You might be a perfectionist. You always do your best. But when you dont get everything right, you seriously blame yourself. By recognizing that this c
52、an be a strength as well as a weakness, you should know that you simply cant get everything right, despite your best efforts._5_ Remind yourself that you can balance your level of overthinking with more doing. You can even teach someone else who underthinks!AYou may continue thinking about it even w
53、hen you believe you have already let it go.BYou assume that others know what youre thinking about.CRemember that, instead of just thinking, its equally important to act.DYoure proud of the act that youre always thinking.EYou look for meaning in everything.FIts even worse when youre unaware that you
54、are just like this.GCan any of the above signs be found on you?体裁：说明文题材：生活主题：过度思虑【语篇解读】本文主要对过度思虑的一些迹象进行了简要的说明。1答案与解析：F根据上文中的“Its not good that the whatifs run your life and you are trapped”可知，空处应是说明更深一层的坏处，所以选F项。2答案与解析：E根据文章结构及空处所在的位置可知，空处为本段的小标题，且根据本段的内容及关键词meaning可知，E项能概括本段内容。3答案与解析：C根据本段的小标题You t
55、hink more than you do及空处前一句可推知，空处是作者针对该段描述的现象所给出的建议，故C项符合语境。4答案与解析：A根据本段的小标题You find it difficult to let things go及空后一句“The more you think about something, the more it can eat away at you”可推知，A项符合语境。5答案与解析：G与上文“Here are some signs that you are an overthinker, even if you dont feel you are”呼应可知，G项符合语境。- 10 - 版权所有高考资源网
