1、河北省新乐市2015高考英语一轮阅读理解训练（7）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（6）】AAlthough both American and British people can generally .understand what each other is saying, sometimes it is necessary to explain some things. Some words or phrases could be taken in a wrong way. One of the most noti
2、ceable differences is in the spelling of some words. For example, the word color in American English becomes colour in British English. Another example is the American word theater - in British English it becomes theatre. Other words also have various spelling differences. Although some words are sp
3、elled the same in the two forms of English, they may have different pronunciations. The accent is .put on a different syllable in a word. British People pronounce their numbers differently from American people, especially the big numbers. They tend to add the word and between the numbers. American E
4、nglish-speaking people usually say 107 one hundred seven , while British English-speaking people say one hundred and seven. Sometimes when using the past tense of a verb, ed may be used in American English, while t is common in British English. An example is dreamed and dreamt. Vocabulary, of course
5、, is a major difference at times. Because of the widespread use of American English, many British people are starting to use some American nouns to replace their British ones. So lorry becomes truck. There are many other words that are being replaced as well. As is often the case, the same words hav
6、e completely different meanings in the two forms of English. In British English biscuit is similar to cookie, but in American English it is more like a dinner roll. There are also many other minor differences between the two forms of English. It is interesting to note that many British English-speak
7、ing people adore American accents. Likewise, many American English-speaking people love British accents.26. How many differences between American and British English are mentioned in this passage? A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven.27. How do American English-speaking people pronounce the number 309
8、? A. Three hundred and nine. B. Three hundred and ninth. C. Three hundred nine. D. Thirty and nine.28. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. American and British people dont like each others accents. B. Biscuit refers to the same food in the two forms of English. C.
9、Lorry in American English becomes truck in British English. D. The difference of spelling in the two forms of English is noticeable.29. According to the passage, the past tense of the verb spill in American English could be _ A spilled B. spiled C. spillt D. spilt 30. What is the best title of this
10、passage? A. The Differences Between Spoken and Written English B. The Differences Between American and British English C. Spelling Is a Noticeable Difference D. Vocabulary Is a Major Difference【参考答案】26-30 ACDAB 美国英语在拼写、发音和语法等方面与英国英语都有一些小的差异，通常是美国英语把英国英语中的不规则的拼写法规则化了。26. A。细节理解题。从第二段至第五段中关键词spelling，
11、pronunciations，past tense of a verb及vocabulary可知。27. C。推理判断题。从第三段后三句可推出答案。28. D。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知答案。29. A。推理判断题。从第四段可推出答案。30. B。主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文从多个方面说明美国英语和英国英语的区别。阅读理解(2013福建，D)Pride and Prejudice for the Modern WomanLet us imagine how Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austens most famous work, might be updat
12、ed, 200 years on.Austens popularity is rooted in her intelligence. But today she would certainly have had a very different life, as would her characters. Heres my own suggestion.It is a truth finally and universally acknowledged that a single woman with brains deserves to have equal opportunities to
13、 men, however disadvantaged she may feel by sexism.“My dear husband，” said his hopeful wife one day, “have you heard that the local store, standing empty for so long, is taken over by a bright young businesswoman？”Her dull and indifferent (漠不关心的) husband replied that he had not.“But it is, it is，” s
14、he replied excitedly.Mr DullHusband made no reply.“Dont you want to know her plans？” she cried with some impatience.“Well, clearly you think it matters to your silly little head. . so Id better listen.”“Well, my dear, the rumour (传言) is that she has already set up a string of successful businesses i
15、n northern England, though_how_a_woman_can_know_anything_about_that_is_beyond_me. She will move in herself next month.”“What is her name？”“Bingley.”“Is she married or single？”“What a question! And none of your business. But her coming will be a fine thing for our five boys.”“How so? How can it possi
16、bly affect them？”“My dear love; those lazy boys need something to wake them up. There are bound to be jobs going.”“Is that her point in settling here? Surely as a woman she has simply taken a fancy to the place.”“Nonsense, my love, how little youve noticed the world has changed. Shes got a firstrate
17、 degree and some sort of business qualification, Im told. She surely needs one of our boys! Perhaps you might give her a call.”“Me? No. Perhaps you can take an interest. You still have your looks, after all. She may even offer you a job.”“Oh, thats not likely. These new chances belong to the younger
18、 generation. But now you mention it, I think Ill go along all the same.”And Mrs Bennet went along. That was 10 years ago. She is now managing director of a FTSElisted company. . It would remain the case, of course, that Mrs Bennet would be one of very few women on the company board, that her salary
19、would be lower than her male colleagues, her bonus of a more “female” dimension and her lifespan (年限) among the citys business leaders shorter than theirs. Still, shed no doubt have enjoyed Davosand might even have hobnobbed (攀谈) with influential figures.文章大意：奥斯汀作品傲慢与偏见中明显地体现了对于女性性别的歧视，时至今天，性别歧视仍然存在
20、。12Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AAusten was born 200 years ago.BAusten rewrote Pride and Prejudice.CAustens success lies in her wisdom.DAustens updated work gains popularity.答案：C细节题。由第一段Austens popularity is rooted in her intelligence可知选C。13The underlined part in the passa
21、ge suggests that Mrs Bennet _.Ahad mixed feelings of admiration and surprise about BingleyBfelt kind of worried and doubtful about BingleyCwas extremely anxious to meet BingleyDhad a great curiosity about Bingley答案：A推断题。句意为：尽管妇女懂得经商的方法并能够把生意做大远远超出我的想像。可知Mrs Bennet拥有的应该是敬佩与吃惊的复杂心情。14In the eyes of Mr
22、s Bennet, Bingley surely needed one of their boys to _.Aget married toBwork for herChelp her move inDtake over her store答案：B细节题。由There are bound to be jobs going.以及She surely needs one of our boys！可知答案选B。15What does the writer intend to tell us?AWomen with brains can also be as successful as men.BWo
23、men have to pay a high price for success.CA judgment must be made free from prejudice.DSex discrimination still exists nowadays.答案：D细节题。由文章最后一段可知答案。阅读理解 (2013重庆，D)Not all bodies of water are so evidently alive as the Atlantic Ocean, an Sshaped body of water covering 33 million square miles. The Atla
24、ntic has, in a sense, replaced the Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western civilization. Unlike real inland seas, which seem strangely still, the Atlantic is rich in oceanic liveliness. It is perhaps not surprising that its vitality has been much written about by ancient poets.“Storm at Sea”， a s
25、hort poem written around 700, is generally regarded as one of mankinds earliest artistic representations of the Atlantic.When the wind is from the west All the waves that cannot restTo the east must thunder on Where the bright tree of the sunIs rooted in the oceans breast.As the Atlantic is never de
26、ad and dull. Its an ocean that moves impressively and endlessly. It makes all kinds of noiseit is forever thundering, boiling, crashing and whistling.It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breathperhaps not so noticeably out in midocean, but where it meets land, its waters bathing up and
27、down a sandy beach. It mimics (模仿) nearly perfectly the steady breathing of a living creature. It is filled with symbiotic existences too；unimaginable quantities of creatures, little and large alike, mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony, giving to the waters a few of heartbeat, a kind
28、of subocean vitality. And it has a psychology. It has personalities: sometimes peaceful and pleasant, on rare occasions rough and wild; always it is strong and striking.文章大意：本文为说明文，向读者介绍了富有活力的大西洋。13Unlike real inland seas, the Atlantic Ocean is _.Aalways energeticBlacking in livelinessCshaped like a
29、 squareDfavored by ancient poets答案：A细节理解题。由文章第一段信息the Atlantic Ocean is rich in oceanic liveliness.可知A项正确。14What is the purpose of using the poem “Storm at Sea” in the passage?ATo describe the movement of the waves.BTo show the strength of the storm.CTo represent the power of the ocean.DTo prove the
30、 vastness of the sea.答案：C细节理解题。由文章第二段信息 “Storm at Sea”，.is generally regarded as one of mankind earliest artistic representations of the Atlantic.可知C项正确。15What does the underlined word “symbiotic” mean?ALiving together. BGrowing fast.CMoving harmoniously. DBreathing peacefully.答案：A词意猜测题。由该词后面的描述：uni
31、maginable quantities of creatures，little and large alike，mix with its depth in a kind of oceanic harmony，giving to the waters a feeling of heartbeat，a kind of subocean vitality.可知，这些大量的大小不一的海洋生物和谐地生活在一起，故A项正确。16In the last paragraph, the Atlantic is compared to _.Aa beautiful and poetic placeBa fles
32、h and blood personCa wonderful worldDa lovely animal答案：B由文章最后一句话It has personalities：sometimes peaceful and pleasant，on rare occasions roughly wild；always it is strong and striking.可知，作者在文章最后把大西洋比作了有血有肉的人，故B项正确。阅读理解 (2013重庆，E)It is idely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather. S
33、uch a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr. Johnsons famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.” Though Johnsons observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago, most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this
34、English weatherspeak. Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not at all exciting, the obsession with it can hardly be understood. He argues that “To an outsider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply, the reason i
35、s that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English interest is by nature attractive. Bryson is wrong, he says, because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural ph
36、enomena. “The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.” According to him, the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weatherspeak among the English. B
37、oth commentators, somehow, are missing the point.The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all. English weatherspeak is a system of signs, which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows conversations star
38、ting with weatherspeak are not requests for weather data. Rather, they are routine greetings, conversation starters or the blank “fillers”. In other words, English weatherspeak is a means of social bonding.文章大意：本文为议论文，上来点题：英语对话往往从天气开始。后面具体的介绍几个对此有不同理解的人以及他们的观点。17The author mentions Dr. Johnsons comm
39、ent to show that _.Amost commentators agree with Dr. Johnson.BDr. Johnson is famous for his weather conversationCthe comment was accurate two hundred years agoDEnglish conversations usually start with the weather答案：D文章第一句话提到：众所周知，英语的对话往往从天气开始，然后举例说明，显然举例的目的就是表明英语的对话往往从天气开始，故D项正确。18What does the unde
40、rlined word “obsession” most probably refer to?AA social trend.BAn emotional state.CA historical concept.DAn unknown phenomenon.答案：B词意猜测题。由语境可知，Bill认为因为英国天气一点也不令人兴奋，因此用它对话时表达出来的_难以理解。兴奋应是与人的情感状态有关，故B项正确。19According to the passage, Jeremy Paxman believes that _.ABill Bryson has little knowledge of th
41、e weatherBthere is nothing special about the English weatherCthe English weather attracts people to the British IslesDEnglish people talk about the weather for its uncertainty答案：D细节理解题。由文章第三段信息The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.可知D项正确。20What is the authors main purp
42、ose of writing the passage?ATo explain what English weatherspeak is about.BTo analyse misconceptions about the English weather.CTo find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman. DTo convince people that the English weather is changeable.答案：A主旨大意题。文章主要讲述英语对话以天气开始的一些事情，故A项正确。(六)A(2013重庆，A)The mor
43、ning had been a disaster. My tooth was aching, and Id been in an argument with a friend. Her words still hurt: “The trouble with you is that you wont put yourself in my place. Cant you see things from my point of view？” I shook my head stubbornlyand felt the ache in my tooth. Id thought I could hold
44、 out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable. I started calling the dentists in the phone book, but no one could see me immediately. Finally, at about lunchtime, I got lucky.“If you come by right now，” the receptionist said, “the dentist will fit you in.”I took my
45、purse and keys and rushed to my car. But suddenly I began to doubt about the dentist. What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? Why wasnt he as busy as the others?In the dentists office, I sat down and looked around. I saw nothing but the bare walls and I became e
46、ven more worried. The assistant noticed my nervousness and placed her warm hand over my icecold one.When I told her my fears, she laughed and said，“Dont worry. The dentist is very good.”“How long do I have to wait for him？” I asked impatiently.“Come on, he is coming. Just lie down and relax. And enj
47、oy the artwork，”the assistant said.“The artwork？”I was puzzled.The chair went back. Suddenly I smiled. There was a beautiful picture, right where I could enjoy it: on the ceiling. How considerate the dentist was! At that moment, I began to understand what my friend meant by her words.What a relief!文
48、章大意：本文为一篇夹述夹议的文章，作者通过自己看牙医的一段经历，体会到了下面的道理，即：要站在别人的角度上考虑问题。1Which of the following best describes the authors feeling that morning?ACheerful. BNervous. CSatisfied DUpset.答案：D推理判断题。由文章刚开头提到的“The morning had been a disaster”以及后面“牙痛，跟朋友的辩论又伤害了我”可知，我很沮丧，故D项正确。2What made the author begin to doubt about th
49、e dentist?AThe dentists agreeing to treat her at very short notice.BThe dentists being as busy as the other dentists.CThe surroundings of the dentists office.DThe laughing assistant of the dentist.答案：A细节理解题。由文章第三段第三句话What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice？可知，A项正
50、确。3Why did the author suddenly smile?ABecause the dentist came at last.BBecause she saw a picture on the ceiling.CBecause she could relax in the chair.DBecause the assistant kept comforting her.答案：B细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段信息Suddenly I smiled.There was a beautiful picture，right where I could enjoy it，on the ce
51、iling.可知B项正确。4What did the author learn from her experience most probably?AStrike while the iron is hot.BHave a good word for ones friend.CPut oneself in others shoes.DA friend in need is a friend indeed.答案：C推理判断题。A项表示“趁热打铁”；B项表示“对朋友说好话”；C项表示“站在别人的角度上考虑”；D项表示“患难朋友才是真朋友”。由文章第一段朋友的话：The trouble with you is that you wont put yourself at my place. Cant you see things from my point of view.以及文章倒数第二段I began to understand what my friends meant by her words.可知，作者从这段经历当中知道了：要站在别人的角度上去考虑问题，故C项正确。
