1、Unit 4 Wildlife protection基础自主检测阅读识记.英译汉1.wildlife n. 野生动植物2.carpet n. 地毯3.fur n. 毛皮；毛；软毛4.mosquito n. 蚊子5.dinosaur n. 恐龙6.ending n. 结局；结尾.汉译英1.wild adj. 野生的；野的；未开发的；荒凉的2.zone n. 地域；地带；地区3.rub vt. 擦；摩擦4.insect n. 昆虫5.income n. 收入6.dust n. 灰尘；尘土；尘埃高频应用1.certain adj. 确定的；某一；一定 2.importance n. 重要(性)3.p
2、owerful adj. 强大的；有力的 4.attention n. 注意；关注；注意力5.incident n. 事件；事变拓展变形1.protection (n.) 保护protect (vt. & vi.) 保护protective (adj.) 保护的2.decrease (vi.& vt.) 减少；(使)变小；(使)变少increase (反义词) (vi. & vt.) 增加3.loss (n.) 损失；遗失；丧失lose (vt. & vi.) 遗失；丢失；损失lost (adj.) 迷路的；迷失的4.reserve (n.) 保护区 (vt.) 保留；预留reservatio
3、n (n.) 预订；预约5.hunt (vt. & vi.) 打猎；猎取；搜寻hunter (n.) 猎人hunting (n.) 狩猎运动；打猎；搜索6.respond (vi.) 回答；响应；做出反应response (n.) 回答；反应7.distant (adj.) 远的；远处的distance (n.) 距离；远方8.relief (n.) (痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物relieve (vt.) 使减轻；缓解9.laughter (n.) 笑；笑声laugh (v.& n) 笑；发笑laughing (adj.) 可笑的；带笑意的10.mercy (n.) 仁慈；宽恕；
4、怜悯merciful (adj.) 仁慈的；宽容的11.contain (vt.) 包含；容纳；容忍container (n.) 容器；集装箱；货柜12.affect (vt.) 影响；感动；侵袭affection (n.) 喜爱；感情effect (n.) 影响；效果；作用13.appreciate (vt.) 鉴赏；感激；意识到appreciation (n.) 欣赏；感谢14.succeed (vi.) 成功 (vt.) 接替；继任success (n.) 成功successful (adj.) 成功的successfully (adv.) 成功地15.secure (adj.) 安全的
5、；可靠的security (n.) 安全；保障16.employ (vt.) 雇用；利用(时间、精力等)employer (n.) 雇主employee (n.) 雇员；雇工employment (n.) 雇用；使用；就业unemployment (反义词) (n.) 失业；失业人数17.harm (n. & vt.) 损害；危害harmful (adj.) 有害的harmless (adj.) 无害的18.bite (vt. & vi.) 咬；叮；刺痛bit (过去式)bitten (过去分词)19.inspect (vt.) 检查；视察inspection (n.) 视察inspector
6、 (n.) 检查员；视察员20.fierce (adj.) 凶猛的；猛烈的fiercely (adv.) 凶猛地；凶残地1.un前缀的高频形容词uncertain 不确定的uncommon 不寻常的unlikely 不可能的unfriendly 不友好的unaware 不知道的unfortunate 不幸的unfair 不公平的unconscious 失去知觉的2.v.ing派生名词ending 结局；结尾training 训练；培养feeling 感觉；感情painting 绘画；油画building 建筑；建筑物3.后缀ful构成的必备形容词powerful 强大的；有力的harmful
7、有害的doubtful 怀疑的；疑惑的faithful 忠实的；忠诚的forgetful 健忘的helpful 有帮助的hopeful 充满希望的skillful 熟练的successful 成功的wonderful 精彩的一 动词介/副词1.die out 灭亡；逐渐消失2.protect . from 保护不受(危害)二 介词名词3.in peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地4.in danger (of) 在危险中；垂危5.in relief 如释重负；松了口气三 动词介词名词6.burst into laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来e into being 形成；产生四 其他8
8、.do harm to 对有害9.without mercy 毫不怜悯地10.pay attention to 注意11.according to 按照；根据12.so that 以至于；结果1.“come inton.”短语一览come into being 形成；产生come into effect/force 开始生效；开始实行come into existence 形成；产生；开始存在come into power 开始执政come into use 开始使用2.“关注”词汇一览pay attention to 注意keep an eye on 密切注视focus ones atten
9、tion on 集中注意力于concentrate on 关注；集中于keep a close watch on 密切关注1.as引导方式状语从句It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but Id like to help as the WWF suggests (按照世界野生生物基金会的建议)(教材P26)2.be to do表示将来的打算。be to后接动词原形表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方的意见What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed (想要成功)？(教材P27)
10、3.the way作先行词，后跟省略了that/in which的定语从句They learned this from the way the bones were joined (骨骼的连接方式) together.(教材P30)4.It is a pity that . “遗憾的是”It is a pity that (很遗憾) in the story nobody helped the dodo.(教材P31)5.There be (no) . left.“剩下/所剩无几”This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there
11、 are very few left (所剩无几)(教材P32)单句语法填空1.Daisy had always longed (help) endangered species of wildlife.答案：to help2.Please take me to a distant land I can find the animal gave fur to make this sweater.答案：where; that/which3.There Daisy saw an antelope (look) sad.答案：looking4.Flying carpet, please show m
12、e a place theres some wildlife protection.答案：where5.The flying carpet travelled so fast next minute they were in Zimbabwe.答案：that6.They allowed tourists (hunt) only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers.答案：to hunt7.It contains a (power) drug which (affect) mosquitoes.答案：powerful; affe
13、cts8.You should pay more attention to the rainforest I live and appreciate how the animals live together.答案：where9.They were surprised (find) that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others climb trees.答案：to find; but (also)10.All letters have a start and an (end).答案：ending考点步步冲关1 containvt.
14、包含；容纳；克制(强烈的感情等)It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(P26)它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。(1)contain oneself 克制自己(2)container n. 容器；集装箱；货柜contain“包含，含有，容纳，里面装有”，指包含全部内容或数量，也可指里面所包含的成分，不用于进行时态，表示“容纳”时相当于hold。container为名词，意为“容器”include“包含，连在内；计入；算入；包括”，用于表示所包含事物中的一部分，其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。including为介词，放在所
15、包括的事物之前，included为形容词，放在被修饰的名词之后即时练1写出下列句中contain的含义(2016北京高考)When condors (秃鹰) eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large quantities of lead. The stadium is large enough to contain 100 thousand audience. Hearing the disappointing news, he was too sad to contain himself. 答案：包
16、含容纳克制一句多译饭后，她把一个装着一支旧钢笔的小盒子放在我的手里。After the meal, she placed a little box an old pen in my hand. (分词作定语)After the meal, she placed a little box in my hand. (定语从句)After the meal, she placed a little box in my hand.(with复合结构)答案：containingwhich contained an old penwith an old pen contained用contain/incl
17、ude的正确形式填空The contains many kinds of fruits, a pineapple/a pineapple .容器中装着多种水果，包括一个菠萝。答案：container; including; included2 affectvt.影响；感动；侵袭It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.(P26)它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。(1)be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉be affected with a high fever发高烧be greatly/deeply a
18、ffected by 使(某人)深有感触；很/深受感动(2)have an effect on . 对有影响take effect 生效；奏效come into effect生效；实行be of no effect无效的；无用的(3)affection n感情；喜爱；疾病；感染即时练2单句语法填空(2016北京高考)Dr Welch examined a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious (传染的) disease mainly (affect) children. (affect) with a
19、high fever, he continued with his work.We want to know whether the drug has an effect peoples health.答案：affectingAffectedon单句写作句式升级许多年轻人被他的故事深深打动，开始为残疾人作志愿工作。a普通表达：Many young people his story and began to do volunteer work for the disabled. (被动语态)b高级表达： his story, many young people began to do volun
20、teer work for the disabled.(分词作状语)答案：a.were deeply affected/moved bybDeeply affected/moved by3 appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；理解；意识到You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.(P26)你们应该多关注我所生活的热带雨林，并且理解热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。(1)appreciaten./pron./v.ing 重视
21、；感激I would appreciate it if . 假如我将不胜感激(2)appreciation n欣赏；感激in appreciation of . 作为对的感谢；为感谢appreciative adj.感激的名师点津(1)appreciate后不接不定式。其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语。(2)appreciate后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，若语义上需要接这类从句，需借助it，即“appreciate itif/when . ”，类似用法的动词还有：dislike, hate, love, depend on, rely on, like等。即时练3单句语法填
22、空On the night of the Midautumn Day, people gather together eating mooncakes and (appreciate) the full moon.Here I sincerely express my (appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase.I appreciate (give) the opportunity to work in you company two years ago.I would appreciate if you could give m
23、e some advice on how to solve these problems. (appreciate) by others is something that always makes people happy.答案：appreciatingappreciationbeing givenitBeing appreciated4 succeedvi. 成功vt. 接替；继任What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed？(P27)要成功地保护野生动植物必须做什么？(1)succeed in doing sth.成功做了某
24、事succeed to sth.继承succeed sb. as . 接替某人成为(2)success nU成功；成就C成功的人或事successful adj.成功的successfully adv.成功地be successful in/at (doing) sth. (做)某事取得成功名师点津success “成功”与failure “失败”均为不可数名词，其前不可用冠词a修饰；但当success表示“成功的人或事”，failure表示“失败的人或事”时，则前面可用冠词a来修饰，即抽象名词具体化的用法。即时练4单句语法填空It never occurred to me that you
25、could succeed persuading him to change his mind.He had to succeed the business when his father passed away.Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their (succeed)His first book was great success and he has been famous as a writer ever since.答案：intosucces
26、sa单句写作在他继承了父亲的公司并成为公司总裁之后，他成功地使公司在它的领域里更加成功。After his father the president, he the company in its field.答案：succeeding; as; succeeded in making; more successful1die out 灭亡；逐渐消失教材原句As a result these endangered animals may even die out. (P25)结果，这些濒危动物甚至可能会灭亡。(1) die away (声音；光线等)逐渐消失die of/from因而死die d
27、own减弱；平息die off相继死亡(2)be dying for很想要；渴望be dying to do sth.极想干某事即时练1单句写作这一地区的一些稀有鸟类由于人类活动正面临灭绝的危险。Some rare birds in the area are in danger of because of human activities.随着音乐声渐渐消失，电影结束了。As the sound of the music ， the film came to an end.尽管风减弱了，雨仍然下着，因此你仍需要一件雨衣。Although the wind has ， the rain rema
28、ins steady, so you still need a raincoat.地里的苹果树一棵接一棵地病死了。The apple trees in the field are all from disease.伦敦对于我来说是个新世界，我渴望更多地了解这个城市。London was a new world to me and I more about it.答案：dying outdied awaydied downdying offwas dying to find out2protect . from/against . 保护不受(危害)教材原句“Im protecting mysel
29、f from mosquitoes，” it replied.(P26)它回答说：“我这样做可以防止蚊虫叮咬。”(1)protect . from/against . 保护以防(2) 阻止做某事(3)under the protection of . 在的保护下名师点津在prevent/stop . from doing sth.中的from在主动句中可以省略，而在被动句中不可省。keep . from doing sth.中的from在任何情况下都不能省略。即时练2单句语法填空She made contributions to the environmental (protect), tho
30、ugh she was just a child.Dolphins are our friends. We have the responsibility to protect them from (hurt)答案：protectionbeing hurt单句写作目前有7,000多处文化遗址处于国家的保护之中。There are currently over 7,000 cultural heritage sites the state.答案：under the protection of3pay attention to 注意教材原句You should pay more attention
31、 to the rainforest where I live . (P26)你们应该多加关注我生活的热带雨林(1)catch/draw/attract sb.s attention 吸引某人的注意focus/fix/concentrate ones attention on . 把注意力集中在turn ones attention to . 将注意力转向(2)May I have your attention, please?相当于Attention, please！请注意！名师点津pay attention to 中的to为介词，类似短语还有be used to (习惯于), look f
32、orward to (盼望), get down to (开始；着手), adapt to (适应)等，平时注意积累。即时练3单句语法填空Great attention must be paid to (develop) welfare, especially in the poor areas.The teacher suggested to us that special attention (pay) to details in particular in exams.He stood there, (fix) his attention on the notice on the wal
33、l.答案：developingshould be paidfixing1It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but Id like to help as the WWF suggests. (P26)翻译这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界自然基金会(WWF)的建议来帮助你们。as在句中引导方式状语从句，意为“按照；如同；像一样”。as作为连词的用法主要有：(1)“按照；如同”，引导方式状语从句；(2)“当时候；一边一边；随着”，引导时间状语从句；(3)“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句；(4)“尽管”，引导让步状语从
34、句(从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动词等放于 as 前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词)；(5)引导比较状语从句，常用于as . as . 结构，意为“像一样”(第一个 as 是副词，第二个 as 是连词)。即时练1写出下列句中as的含义This year, as in previous years, tickets sold very quickly. As Jack returned home from England, his son had graduated from college. As the months went by, the rabbits saw tha
35、t I was no threat and didnt escape. The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever. 答案：如同当时候随着和一样单句写作入乡随俗。(在罗马时就要像罗马人那样做。)When in Rome, do the Romans do.随着孩子们一天天长大，他们对所有的事物都变得越来越感兴趣。 ， they become more and more interested in everything.虽然他是个孩子，他懂得很多。
36、 ， he knows a lot.答案：asAs children get olderChild as he is2They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.(P30)翻译他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式得知的这些。在含有定语从句的复合句中，the way作先行词时有以下三种情况：(1)关系词在定语从句中作状语，则用in which，that或省略；(2)关系词在从句中作主语，则用that或which；(3)关系词在从句中作宾语，则用that, which或省略。名师点津way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可以接
37、动词不定式或of doing sth.作定语。即时练2单句写作己所不欲，勿施于人。Treat others you want to be treated.他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。The way he speaks to us is really annoying.在会议上提出的方法不切合实际。The way came up at the meeting was unpractical.这是你能想到的减少空气污染的方法吗？Is this the way you can imagine the air pollution?答案：in the wayin which/that/省略that/
38、whichto reduce/of reducing现在进行时的被动语态含义现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。结构1肯定式：主语am/is/arebeing doneThey are building a modern school in his hometown.在他的家乡，他们正在建一所现代化学校。A modern school is being built in his hometown.(改为被动语态)在他的家乡，一所现代化学校正在建造中。2否定式：主语am/is/arenot being doneA modern school is
39、 not being built in his hometown.(把句改为否定句)在他的家乡，并没有一所现代化学校在建造中。3一般疑问式：Am/Is/Are(not)主语being done?Is a modern school being built in his hometown?(把句改为一般疑问句)在他的家乡，一所现代化学校正在建造中吗？4特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词am/is/are(not)主语being done?Where is a modern school being built?(对句就in his hometown进行提问)正在建造中的现代化学校在哪里？即时练.单句语法填空
40、1Many interesting experiments (carry) out these days.答案：are being carried2The meeting which (hold) now is of great importance.答案：is being held3Your experiment report (type) now and it will be finished soon.答案：is being typed4It is reported in the newspaper that several new subway lines (build) in Wuh
41、an.答案：are being built5The report (print) here. I will hand it to you in ten minutes.答案：is being printed.单句写作1如今，很多新的功能正添加于手机上。Nowadays, many new functions to the phone.答案：are being added2他们正在为希望工程筹集更多的钱。More money for the Project Hope by them at the moment.答案：is being raised3(老师)正采取多种措施来提高我们的英语学习。Ma
42、ny measures to improve our English studies.答案：are being taken4那个小男孩最近进步很快，总是被他的老师表扬。The little boy has made rapid progress recently and by his teachers.答案：is always being praised5关于在哪儿建厂的问题现在正在被讨论。The question about where the factory is going to be built now.答案：is being discussed基础达标演练.单句语法填空1What s
43、hould you do while you (follow) by a stranger?答案：are being followed2We have been employed (look) at ways of reducing waste.答案：to look3I said to her, but she made no (respond)答案：response4A bank is the place they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.答案：where5
44、She looked back on those days with (affect)答案：affection6To our (relieve), the missing child returned home ten days later, tired but healthy.答案：relief7We do think that you can live a more (power) life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself.答案：powerful8The
45、severe flood in South China meant a great (lose) to our country.答案：loss9More attention should be paid to (improve) the safety of school buses, which has become a big concern of the whole society.答案：improving10After he retired, the old man did all he could to protect the old temple from (damage)答案：be
46、ing damaged.单句改错1The boy stood there for his head down. 答案：forwith2It will be long since we finish this dictionary. 答案：sincebefore3I would appreciate if you could immediately deliver the goods to me. 答案：if前加it4This is a museum contains a number of original artworks. 答案：containscontaining5Seeing thei
47、r daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst out tears in relief. 答案：outinto.教材微写作A根据提示完成句子1当今，随着经济的发展，许多城市面临着严重的环境问题，这对人们的生活有害。(be faced with; environmental problem; do great harm to) 答案：Nowadays, with the development of economy, many cities are faced with serious environmental problems, which
48、 does great harm to peoples life.2遗憾的是，许多人没有意识到环保的重要性。(pity) 答案：It is a pity that many people dont realize the importance of environmental protection.3过度捕杀极大地影响了野生动物的数量。(hunt; affect) 答案：Hunting too much affected the number of wild animals greatly.4一些动物灭绝，也有一些处境危险。(die out; in danger) 答案：Some animal
49、s have died out and others are in danger.5我们的政府已经注意到了这种状况，并采取了一系列措施。(pay attention to) 答案：Our government has paid attention to the situation and has taken a series of measures.6我们已成功地阻止了这种状况的恶化。(succeed) 答案：We have succeeded in preventing the situation from getting worse.B将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范答案：N
50、owadays, with the development of economy, many cities are faced with serious environmental problems, which does great harm to peoples life. It is a pity that many people dont realize the importance of environmental protection.Hunting too much affected the number of wild animals greatly. As a result, some animals have died out and others are in danger. Fortunately, our government has paid attention to the situation and has taken a series of measures and we have succeeded in preventing the situation from getting worse.
