1、2020-2021学年江苏省常州市武进区前黄国际高中高一下学期开学考英语试卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAffordable Beach Vacation in CorfuCorfu, an island off the coast of Greece, offers visitors sun kissed shores with clear water and lots of beaches.Finding the Pe
2、rfect BeachOur first pick is Sidari Beach. Its a blue flag beach perfect for couples looking for a more private feel, as its far frombigger tourist destinations. Issos Beach makes for the perfect place for watching the sunset. Dassia Bay has a bit more water sports. Paleokastritsa is an amazing West
3、 Coast village with six beaches on offer, including Rovinia Beach.Getting around CorfuCorfu offers bike rentals and bus service as a cheaper alternative (替代) to taxis. The best time to visit Corfu is during the shoulder season in April/May. The weather isnt as warm as the high seasons but it remains
4、 perfect. It is not crowded in this period, but you still need to book ahead of schedule as Corfu stays popular throughout the year.Eating Out For LessThere are a lot of well-priced restaurants but street food is also a big winner. Some popular choices are Souvlakia and Pita Gyros. There are also ma
5、ny cheeses special to Greece, including Tirokafteri and Ladotyri. Corfu also has many unbelievable desserts. Stazei Meli is a tourist favourite to give them a try.1. Which place is probably the best choice for couples?A. Sidari Beach. B. Dassia Bay. C. Issos Beach. D. Rovinia Beach.2. What are touri
6、sts required to do to visit Corfu?A. Rent a bike. B. Book in advance. C. Wear warm clothes. D. Set off in April/May.3. What do we know about Stazei Meli?A. It cooks popular dishes. B. It severs well-priced food.C. It produces special cheese. D. It sells amazing desserts.BAs the oldest of three child
7、ren, I never had any hand-me-downs to wear like other poor kids. Instead, Mom got my wardrobe (行头) from neighborhood mothers. Imagine the fun other kids had when they saw me wearing their used clothing.Perhaps my biggest challenge came from Charlie. As far as I was concerned, Charlies main fun was t
8、o make fun of me. During those years, I slowly learned to hate. I hated Charlie, but I also hated myself for not being able to change my situation.But situations do change. That opportunity came after high school when l joined the Navy. The Navy made me a social equal for the first time in my life,
9、and the GI Bill gave me a college education. Hard work and a few lucky career (职业) choices finally lifted me into the middle class. I found myself living the American Dream.One beautiful summer afternoon, my friend and I celebrated Friday in Jacksons Steak House. For the first time in almost twenty
10、years, I saw Charlie. Not only did I see him, but he spoke to me. I could tell he didnt recognize me, but l surely recognized my childhood tormentor (摧残者). His words were short, but Ill never forget them. He said, Sir, what kind of dressing would you like with your salad?The tables had turned. Charl
11、ie was calling me Sir. While hundreds of improper ideas raced through my mind, I could only give a two-word reply: Blue cheese. As much as I wanted to taste the sweet taste of revenge (复仇)，I refused to do it. I wouldnt put another person through what I had gone through as a child. It was time to put
12、 childish things behind me and make use of the new opportunity that life had given me. I left him a good tip and I didnt say one word about recognizing him.1. Where did the author usually get his clothes as a kid?A. His mum bought them for him. B. They were from other families.C. Other poor kids col
13、lected them for him. D. They were handed down by his brothers.2. Which word best describes the authors childhood?A. Painful. B. Funny. C. Strange. D. Lucky.3. What job did Charlie probably do?A. A hairdresser. B. A waiter. C. A soldier. D. A cook.4. What is the best title of the passage?A. Live your
14、 own American Dream. B. Best memories in childhood.C. Dont hate but love your enemy. D. Growing up and letting goCGoolsbee, now a professor at the University of Chicagos Booth School of Business, said the rising number of Americans out of work forever paints a troubling picture about the recovery(恢复
15、).“If we are on path to only be two-thirds recovered,” Goolsbee wrote, “and then have millions of businesses closed down and the jobs there lost fast, there will be years for us to try to get back onto the path we were on before.” And those everlasting job losses will influence the economy. People o
16、ut of work may cutback spending or even stop it. They are at risk of falling behind on car payments, credit card bills and bank loan(贷款). Those risks are magnified by the fact that the government has so far failed to provide additional economic recovery policies(政策)-even though the US economy is in
17、great need of them.“Good insurance(保险)policies for people out of work have helped them pay the loan much more easily,” Principals Shah wrote, “but with everlasting job losses clearly rising and still no sign of an additional economic recovery package, the trouble will become more widespread and obvi
18、ous.”The hope is that those recognized as jobless at present will in the end get a job somewhere else. Even though some restaurants, shops and small businesses have shut down, new companies are opening each day here and there. But there is a time limit at play because the time of continuously out of
19、 job influences the chances of getting another job. “The longer youre out of the job market,” said PNC s Faucher, “ the more difficult it becomes to find a new one. Many Americans who had a job loss or had a too long vacation without any payment are eagerly looking forward to another job.1. What doe
20、s the underlined word “magnified” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Reduced. B. Enlarged. C. Avoided. D. Unchanged.2. Whats Shahs attitude towards the governments present economy policies?A. Supportive. B. Confused. C. Disappointed. D. Uninterested.3. What can we learn about the Americans out of work?
21、A. Losing jobs gets them out of the job market.B. They have more opportunities to have vacations.C. They successfully get offers from new companies.D. Losing jobs for long makes it harder to find a new one.4. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. The jobless usually spend less. B. Insurance companie
22、s offer necessary loans.C. More job losses suggest a dark economy future. D. The economy recovery depends on the government.DRice is eaten all over the world in all different ways. No matter if your rice is white or brown, it has one thing in common, and thats arsenic(砷) . Now, researchers from the
23、University of Sheffield say a new and simple way of cooking rice can remove this cancer-causing material while keeping the nutrients which make this food so good.A team from the schools Institute for Sustainable Food discovered the parboiling with absorption method (PBA) can cut down over half the n
24、aturally occurring arsenic in brown rice and 74 percent in white rice. More importantly, this home-friendly kitchen method saves the nutrients rice contains.The PBA method first parboils(将煮到半熟)rice in pre-boiled- water for five minutes. The water is then emptied and fresh water is poured into the po
25、t. From there, the rice is cooked normally at lower heat until the water is all taken in.The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classed arsenic as a Group carcinogen, the material that can cause cancer. Unfortunately, rice has this water-soluble poison because it grows in flooded fields
26、 unlike many other grains(谷物).Researchers say arsenic can affect every organ in the human body. It can also result in skin lesions, cancer, diabetes, and lung diseases. Kice tends to hold around 10 times more arsenic than other grains. It usually sits in the outer covering of the grain, which makes
27、it more of problem in brown rice. White rice, which is milled(研磨),contains less arsenic but also has fewer nutrients due to the milling process.For people who eat rice, this is excellent news. There are concerns amongst the population about eating rice due to arsenic. Previous studies have shown tha
28、t cooking rice in a lot of water could remove arsenic but the problem is it also removes nutrients, says lead author Dr. Manoj Menon in a university release.Our aim was to improve the method to remove arsenic while keeping maximum nutrients in the cooked rice. Our newly developed method, PBA, is eas
29、y and home-friendly so that everyone can use it. We dont know the amount of arsenic in each packet of rice we buy; even though brown rice is nutritionally better than white rice as our data shows, it contains more arsenic than white rice. With our new method we are able to significantly reduce the a
30、rsenic while reducing the loss of key nutrients.1. What did the researchers try to do with rice?A. To add more nutrients to it. B. To use it as a cure for cancer.C. To make it healthy and nutritious. D. To recommend it as a popular food.2. What can we learn about the PBA method?A. It can change the
31、form of arsenic in rice. B. It can remove arsenic completely from rice.C. It requires water to be changed during cooking. D. It will be more effective under a high temperature.3. What makes rice hold arsenic than other grains?A. Its growing condition. B. Its high water content. C. Its special struct
32、ure. D. Its milling process.4. What does Dr. Manoj Menon say in the last paragraph?A. The PBA method can kill two birds with one stone. B. Rice should be cooked with a small amount of water.C. The PBA method needs to be tested further in daily life D. People liking rice should choose brown rice over
33、 white rice.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It should be easy for you to recognize faces of your family and friends. But can you remember faces that youve only seen once? You might think it is very difficult._1_ They are the so-called super recognizers, who can reme
34、mber at least 80 percent of the faces theyve seen. _2_ But studies show that at least one person in every 50 is a super recognizer, reported the Daily Mail.Bournemouth University in the UK recently carried out research trying to find out recognizers have a different way to process faces. They have f
35、ound that when these people look a faces, they spend more time looking at the persons nose. _3_ Their super ability is limited only to face recognition._4_ Some super recognizers never forget faces. But for some, if you present pairs of faces to them at the same time, they can quickly decide whether
36、 the faces are of the same person or two different people.In fact, many super recognizers say they are very good at spotting (发现) faces in a crowd. These subtypes of super recognition could be applied to many areas. _5_ Super recognizers could help match faces in CCTV footage(闭路电视镜头). They could als
37、o help police spot known troublemakers, bad people or even missing people in crowds.A. It is unknown how many people truly have these skills.B. It is also found that these people are not particularly smarter than othersC. Another important finding is that there are subtypes of super recognition.D. F
38、or example, the skills could be very useful at a passport control checkpoint.E. Researchers have tried to find how certain people are so good at recognizing faces.F. The research also found that in general these super recognizers have a good memory.G. However, studies have found a small number of pe
39、ople have amazing face recognition skills.第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this_1_at work in people of all _2_. F
40、or example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about _3_with their new toys. But their _4_soon wear off and by January those_5_toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of _6_stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone s _7_interest. When pa
41、rents bring home a pet, their child_8_bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the_9_of caring the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescent enter high school with great_10_but soon looking forward to_11_. The same is true of the young adults going to the college. And then
42、, how many_12_, who complain about the long drives to work,_13_drove for hours at a time when they first_14_ their drivers licenses? Before people retire, they usually _15_to do a lot of_16_things, which never had _17_while working. But _18_after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and
43、 all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they _19_. And, like the child in January, they go searching for new _20_.1. A. principle B. habit C. way D. power2. A. parties B. racesC. countries D. ages3. A. working B. living C. playing D. going4. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. so
44、rrow(悲伤)5. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive 6. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collected D. half-filled7. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main8. A. silentlyB. impatiently C. gladly D. worriedly9. A. promise B. burden(负担) C. right(权利)D. game10. A. courage B. calmness C. con
45、fusion D. excitement11. A. graduationB. independence C. responsibility D. success12. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees13. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervouslyD. bravely14. A. required B. got C. noticed D. discovered15. A. need B. learn C. start D. plan16. A. greatB. strange C. difficult
46、D. correct 17. A. time B. moneyC. skills D. knowledge18. A. onlyB. well C. even D. soon19. A. lost B. chose C. left D. quit20. A. pets B. toys C. friendsD. colleagues第二节 语篇语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。As an old saying goes, Friends are like wine, the older, the better
47、. Many people consider old friends to be more important than new ones. For example, if two pieces of advice 1. _ (give) to solve a problem, one from a new friend and the other from 2. _ old friend, people would prefer the latter one to the former one, even though the new friends advice may be 3. _(g
48、ood).I, however, 4. _ (agree) with the old saying, believing that new friends are not 5. _(necessary) worse than old friends. It is not always right 6. _(determine) your friendship by the length (长度) of time.Once you call someone a friend, he must be a person who is 7._ (rely) and whose interests ar
49、e in common with 8._ (you). It is mainly his character and interests 9. _ make him your friend. It actually has little to do with time. Peoples appearance may change, but their character usually stays the same. Therefore, on this point, there is no10. _(different) between old friends and new friends
50、.第三节 单句语法填空 （共5空；每空1分，满分5分）1. Helen finally became a lawyer, _ she had always wanted to be.2. Huge quantities of oil _(pour) into the sea in the last few month.3. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _(填情态动词) not say where he was.4. Its important for the figures _(update) regul
51、arly.5. Wherever you go, _(understand) local customs can help you find things at good prices.第四部分：写作（满分20分）假定你是李华，寒假在伦敦学习，得知伦敦市政府在社区招募防疫志愿者。请你用英文写一封电子邮件应聘，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.个人优势；3.能做的事。注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考答案：第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)A篇：ABD B篇：BABD
52、C篇：BCDC D篇：CCAA第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）GABCD第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）1-5 ADCBA 6-10 DBCBD 11-15 ACBBD 16-20 AADCB第二节 语篇语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）1. are given 2. an 3. better 4. disagree 5. necessarily 6. to determine 7. reliable 8. yours 9. that10. difference第三节 单句语法填空 （共5空；每空1分，满
53、分5分）1.which 2.have been poured 3.would 4.to be updated 5.understanding第四部分：写作（满分20分）略解析版：2020-2021学年江苏省常州市武进区前黄国际高中高一下学期开学考英语试卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAffordable Beach Vacation in CorfuCorfu, an island off the coast of Gree
54、ce, offers visitors sun kissed shores with clear water and lots of beaches.Finding the Perfect BeachOur first pick is Sidari Beach. Its a blue flag beach perfect for couples looking for a more private feel, as its far frombigger tourist destinations. Issos Beach makes for the perfect place for watch
55、ing the sunset. Dassia Bay has a bit more water sports. Paleokastritsa is an amazing West Coast village with six beaches on offer, including Rovinia Beach.Getting around CorfuCorfu offers bike rentals and bus service as a cheaper alternative (替代) to taxis. The best time to visit Corfu is during the
56、shoulder season in April/May. The weather isnt as warm as the high seasons but it remains perfect. It is not crowded in this period, but you still need to book ahead of schedule as Corfu stays popular throughout the year.Eating Out For LessThere are a lot of well-priced restaurants but street food i
57、s also a big winner. Some popular choices are Souvlakia and Pita Gyros. There are also many cheeses special to Greece, including Tirokafteri and Ladotyri. Corfu also has many unbelievable desserts. Stazei Meli is a tourist favourite to give them a try.1. Which place is probably the best choice for c
58、ouples?A. Sidari Beach. B. Dassia Bay. C. Issos Beach. D. Rovinia Beach.2. What are tourists required to do to visit Corfu?A. Rent a bike. B. Book in advance. C. Wear warm clothes. D. Set off in April/May.3. What do we know about Stazei Meli?A. It cooks popular dishes. B. It severs well-priced food.
59、C. It produces special cheese. D. It sells amazing desserts.【答案】ABD【解答】1.细节理解题。根据文章小标题 Finding the Perfect Beach 下第一、二句 Our first pick is Sidari Beach. Its a blue flag beach perfect for couples looking for a more private feel, as its far from bigger tourist destinations.可知Sidari Beach适合夫妻同行。 故正确答案为A
60、。2.细节理解题。根据文章小标题Getting around Corfu 下倒数第一句 It is not crowded in this period, but you still need to book ahead of schedule as Corfu stays popular throughout the year.可知游客参观科孚岛需要提前预定。3.推理判断题。根据文章小标题Eating Out For Less下倒数第一、二句Corfu also has many unbelievable desserts (甜食). Stazei Meli isa tourist favo
61、urite to give them a try.可知科孚还有许多令人难以置信的甜点。Stazei Meli是游客们的最爱，可以试一试。因此 Stazei Meli卖令人惊喜的甜食。故正确答案为D。BAs the oldest of three children, I never had any hand-me-downs to wear like other poor kids. Instead, Mom got my wardrobe (行头) from neighborhood mothers. Imagine the fun other kids had when they saw m
62、e wearing their used clothing.Perhaps my biggest challenge came from Charlie. As far as I was concerned, Charlies main fun was to make fun of me. During those years, I slowly learned to hate. I hated Charlie, but I also hated myself for not being able to change my situation.But situations do change.
63、 That opportunity came after high school when l joined the Navy. The Navy made me a social equal for the first time in my life, and the GI Bill gave me a college education. Hard work and a few lucky career (职业) choices finally lifted me into the middle class. I found myself living the American Dream
64、.One beautiful summer afternoon, my friend and I celebrated Friday in Jacksons Steak House. For the first time in almost twenty years, I saw Charlie. Not only did I see him, but he spoke to me. I could tell he didnt recognize me, but l surely recognized my childhood tormentor (摧残者). His words were s
65、hort, but Ill never forget them. He said, Sir, what kind of dressing would you like with your salad?The tables had turned. Charlie was calling me Sir. While hundreds of improper ideas raced through my mind, I could only give a two-word reply: Blue cheese. As much as I wanted to taste the sweet taste
66、 of revenge (复仇)，I refused to do it. I wouldnt put another person through what I had gone through as a child. It was time to put childish things behind me and make use of the new opportunity that life had given me. I left him a good tip and I didnt say one word about recognizing him.1. Where did the
67、 author usually get his clothes as a kid?A. His mum bought them for him. B. They were from other families.C. Other poor kids collected them for him. D. They were handed down by his brothers.2. Which word best describes the authors childhood?A. Painful. B. Funny. C. Strange. D. Lucky.3. What job did
68、Charlie probably do?A. A hairdresser. B. A waiter. C. A soldier. D. A cook.4. What is the best title of the passage?A. Live your own American Dream. B. Best memories in childhood.C. Dont hate but love your enemy. D. Growing up and letting go【答案】BABD【解答】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一、二句 As the oldest of three chi
69、ldren, I never had any hand-me-downs to wear like other poor kids.Instead, Mom got my wardrobe(行头）from neighborhood mothers.可知作者小时候的衣服通常是从其他家庭弄来的。故正确答案为B.2.推理判断题。根据文章第一段倒数第一句 Imagine the fun other kids had when they saw me wearing their used clothing. 和第二段第三、四句 During those years, I slowly learned t
70、o hate. I hated Charlie, but I also hated myself for not being able to change my situation.可知，想象一下其他孩子看到我穿着他们的旧衣服时的乐趣。在那些年里，我慢慢学会了仇恨。我恨查理，但我也恨自己不能改变我的处境。因此作者的童年是痛苦的。故A项正确。B项，“好笑的”，C项，“奇怪的”，D项，“幸运的”，均不符合文意。故正确答案为A.3.细节理解题。根据文章第四段倒数第一句 He said, Sir, what kind of dressing would you like with your salad
71、?可知查理可能做过服务员。故正确答案为B.4.主旨大意题。本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小时候查理折磨了作者的童年，他很恨查理，成年后遇到了做服务生的查理，作者本想报复查理，但是最终选择了放手，好好利用生活给自己的新机会。D项意为“成长与放手”，符合文意。故D项正确。A项，“实现你自己的美国梦”。只是文章部分内容，以偏概全。故A项错误。B项，“童年最美好的回忆”。作者的童年过得并不美好。故B项错误。C项，“不要恨而要爱你的敌人”。文章没有提及要爱你的敌人。故C项错误。故正确答案为D.CGoolsbee, now a professor at the University of Chicagos
72、Booth School of Business, said the rising number of Americans out of work forever paints a troubling picture about the recovery(恢复).“If we are on path to only be two-thirds recovered,” Goolsbee wrote, “and then have millions of businesses closed down and the jobs there lost fast, there will be years
73、 for us to try to get back onto the path we were on before.” And those everlasting job losses will influence the economy. People out of work may cutback spending or even stop it. They are at risk of falling behind on car payments, credit card bills and bank loan(贷款). Those risks are magnified by the
74、 fact that the government has so far failed to provide additional economic recovery policies(政策)-even though the US economy is in great need of them.“Good insurance(保险)policies for people out of work have helped them pay the loan much more easily,” Principals Shah wrote, “but with everlasting job lo
75、sses clearly rising and still no sign of an additional economic recovery package, the trouble will become more widespread and obvious.”The hope is that those recognized as jobless at present will in the end get a job somewhere else. Even though some restaurants, shops and small businesses have shut
76、down, new companies are opening each day here and there. But there is a time limit at play because the time of continuously out of job influences the chances of getting another job. “The longer youre out of the job market,” said PNC s Faucher, “ the more difficult it becomes to find a new one. Many
77、Americans who had a job loss or had a too long vacation without any payment are eagerly looking forward to another job.1. What does the underlined word “magnified” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Reduced. B. Enlarged. C. Avoided. D. Unchanged.2. Whats Shahs attitude towards the governments present e
78、conomy policies?A. Supportive. B. Confused. C. Disappointed. D. Uninterested.3. What can we learn about the Americans out of work?A. Losing jobs gets them out of the job market.B. They have more opportunities to have vacations.C. They successfully get offers from new companies.D. Losing jobs for lon
79、g makes it harder to find a new one.4. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. The jobless usually spend less. B. Insurance companies offer necessary loans.C. More job losses suggest a dark economy future. D. The economy recovery depends on the government.【答案】BCDC【解答】1.猜测词句题。根据文章第三段倒数第一句 Those risks a
80、re magnified by the fact that the government has so far failed to provide additional economic recovery policies(政策)- even though the US economy is in great need of them.可知，这些风险由于政府迄今未能提供额外的经济复苏政策而被，尽管美国经济非常需要这些政策。故 magnified与enlarged的意义最为接近，表示“放大”之意。A项，“减少”，C项，“避免”，D项，“不变”均不符合文意。故正确答案为B。2.推理判断题。根据文章
81、第四段Good insurance(保险)policies for people out of work have helped them pay the loan much more easily, Principals Shah wrote, but with everlasting job losses clearly rising and still no sign of an additional economic recovery package, the trouble will become more widespread and obvious.可知，“为失业者提供的良好的保
82、险政策帮助他们更轻松地偿还贷款，”校长沙赫写道，“但随着永久性的失业率明显上升，却仍然没有迹象表明有更多的经济复苏方案，麻烦将变得更加普遍和明显”。因此Shah对目前的经济政策是很失望的。故C项正确。A项，“支持的”，B项，“困惑的”，D项，“不感兴趣的”，均不符合文意。故正确答案为C。3.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第一段倒数第二句“The longer youre out of the job market, said PNCs Faucher, the more difficult it becomes to find a new one.”可知失业时间长了，找新工作就更难了。故正确答案为D
83、。4.主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了失业人数的不断增加为经济复苏描绘了一幅令人不安的画面并分析了其中的原因。C项意为“更多的失业表明经济前景黯淡”，符合文意。故C项正确。A项，“失业者通常少花钱”。只是文章部分内容，以偏概全。故A项错误。B项，“保险公司提供必要的贷款”。只是文章部分内容，以偏概全。故B项错误。D项，“经济复苏有赖于政府”。只是文章部分内容，以偏概全。故D项错误。故正确答案为C。DRice is eaten all over the world in all different ways. No matter if your rice is white or br
84、own, it has one thing in common, and thats arsenic(砷) . Now, researchers from the University of Sheffield say a new and simple way of cooking rice can remove this cancer-causing material while keeping the nutrients which make this food so good.A team from the schools Institute for Sustainable Food d
85、iscovered the parboiling with absorption method (PBA) can cut down over half the naturally occurring arsenic in brown rice and 74 percent in white rice. More importantly, this home-friendly kitchen method saves the nutrients rice contains.The PBA method first parboils(将煮到半熟)rice in pre-boiled- water
86、 for five minutes. The water is then emptied and fresh water is poured into the pot. From there, the rice is cooked normally at lower heat until the water is all taken in.The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classed arsenic as a Group carcinogen, the material that can cause cancer. Un
87、fortunately, rice has this water-soluble poison because it grows in flooded fields unlike many other grains(谷物).Researchers say arsenic can affect every organ in the human body. It can also result in skin lesions, cancer, diabetes, and lung diseases. Kice tends to hold around 10 times more arsenic t
88、han other grains. It usually sits in the outer covering of the grain, which makes it more of problem in brown rice. White rice, which is milled(研磨),contains less arsenic but also has fewer nutrients due to the milling process.For people who eat rice, this is excellent news. There are concerns amongs
89、t the population about eating rice due to arsenic. Previous studies have shown that cooking rice in a lot of water could remove arsenic but the problem is it also removes nutrients, says lead author Dr. Manoj Menon in a university release.Our aim was to improve the method to remove arsenic while kee
90、ping maximum nutrients in the cooked rice. Our newly developed method, PBA, is easy and home-friendly so that everyone can use it. We dont know the amount of arsenic in each packet of rice we buy; even though brown rice is nutritionally better than white rice as our data shows, it contains more arse
91、nic than white rice. With our new method we are able to significantly reduce the arsenic while reducing the loss of key nutrients.1. What did the researchers try to do with rice?A. To add more nutrients to it. B. To use it as a cure for cancer.C. To make it healthy and nutritious. D. To recommend it
92、 as a popular food.2. What can we learn about the PBA method?A. It can change the form of arsenic in rice. B. It can remove arsenic completely from rice.C. It requires water to be changed during cooking. D. It will be more effective under a high temperature.3. What makes rice hold arsenic than other
93、 grains?A. Its growing condition. B. Its high water content. C. Its special structure. D. Its milling process.4. What does Dr. Manoj Menon say in the last paragraph?A. The PBA method can kill two birds with one stone. B. Rice should be cooked with a small amount of water.C. The PBA method needs to b
94、e tested further in daily life D. People liking rice should choose brown rice over white rice.【答案】CCAA【解答】1. 细节理解题。题干：研究员试图对水稻做什么?A，加入更多的营养物质；B，使用它治疗癌症；C，让它更健康更有营养；D，作为一种流行食物推荐它。根据文中第一段第二行”researchers from the University of Sheffield say a new and simple way of cooking rice can remove this cancer-ca
95、using material while keeping the nutrients which make this food so good.”谢菲尔德大学的研究人员说，一种新的简单的米饭烹调方法可以去除这种致癌物质，同时保留使这种食物如此美味的营养成分。”所以研究员主要研究从大米中将有癌物质除去，让大米变得更有益于人的健康。因此选C。2.细节推测题。题干：我们从PBA模式学到了什么?A，它能改变水稻里砷的形式；B，它能完全出去水稻里的砷；C，在煮饭的过程中需要换水；D，在高温下它会更有效。根据文中第三段第二行The water is then emptited and fresh wate
96、r is poured into the pot. From there, the rice is cooked normally at lower heat until the water is all taken in.然后把水烧开，把淡水倒进锅里。从那里开始，米饭通常在较低的温度下煮，直到水全部被吸收。”因此本题选C。3.细节理解题。题干：是什么使水稻比其他谷物含砷?A，它的成长条件；B，它的高含水量；C，它的特殊结构；D，它的铣削加工。根据文中第四段第二行“Unfortunately, rice has this water-soluble poison because it grow
97、s in flooded fields unlikemany other grains.”“不幸的是，水稻含有这种水溶性毒物，因为它生长在水淹的田地里，不像其他许多谷物。”因此可得知水稻含有有砷是因为它的生长环境。所以选A。4.细节推测题。题干：在最后一段Manoj Menon博士说了什么?A，PBA模式可以一石二鸟。根据文章最后一段第四行Our aim was to improve the method to remove arsenic while keeping maximum nutrients in the cooked rice.”“我们的目的是改进去除砷的方法，同时保持煮熟的米饭
98、中的最大营养。”；B，水稻可以用少量的水煮。文中没有提及；C，PBA模式还需要在以后的日常生活中测试；D，人们喜欢水稻应该选择糙米而不是白米。根据文中最后一段第七行“even though brown rice is nutritionallly better than white rice as our data shows, it contains more arsenic than white rice.。尽管我们的数据显示糙米在营养上比白米好，但它比白米含有更多的砷。所以应该选择白米。所以错误。因此本题选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项
99、中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It should be easy for you to recognize faces of your family and friends. But can you remember faces that youve only seen once? You might think it is very difficult._1_ They are the so-called super recognizers, who can remember at least 80 percent of the faces theyve seen.
100、_2_ But studies show that at least one person in every 50 is a super recognizer, reported the Daily Mail.Bournemouth University in the UK recently carried out research trying to find out recognizers have a different way to process faces. They have found that when these people look a faces, they spen
101、d more time looking at the persons nose. _3_ Their super ability is limited only to face recognition._4_ Some super recognizers never forget faces. But for some, if you present pairs of faces to them at the same time, they can quickly decide whether the faces are of the same person or two different
102、people.In fact, many super recognizers say they are very good at spotting (发现) faces in a crowd. These subtypes of super recognition could be applied to many areas. _5_ Super recognizers could help match faces in CCTV footage(闭路电视镜头). They could also help police spot known troublemakers, bad people
103、or even missing people in crowds.A. It is unknown how many people truly have these skills.B. It is also found that these people are not particularly smarter than othersC. Another important finding is that there are subtypes of super recognition.D. For example, the skills could be very useful at a pa
104、ssport control checkpoint.E. Researchers have tried to find how certain people are so good at recognizing faces.F. The research also found that in general these super recognizers have a good memory.G. However, studies have found a small number of people have amazing face recognition skills.【答案】GABCD
105、【解答】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现，有少数人有惊人的面部识别技能，他们能记得至少80%他们见过的面孔。但他们的超能力仅限于识别面孔，他们并不是比其他人聪明。1. 根据下文“They are the so-called super recognizers, who can remember at least 80 percent of the faces theyve seen.”他们就是所谓的“超级识别者”，他们记得至少80%他们见过的面孔。由此可知，G项(However, studies have found a small number of people have amazi
106、ng face recognition skills.) 然而，研究发现，有少数人有惊人的面部识别功能。是对下文的“超级识别者”的解释。故G符合题意，故选G。2. 根据下文“But studies show that at least one person in every recognizer, reported the Daily Mail.” 研究表明，每50个人中至少有一个人是超级识别者。句中的But是对上文的转折，故A项 (It is unknown how many people truly have these skills.)现在还不知道有多少人真正拥有这些技能，与下文构成转折
107、关系。故A符合题意。故选A。3. 根据下文“Their super ability is limited only to face recognition.”他们的超能力仅限于识别面孔，由此可知，他们并不是比别人聪明。故B项(It is also found that these people are not particularly smarter than others.) 承上启下，符合题意。故选B。4. 根据下文“Some super recognizers never forget faces. But for some, if you present pairs of feces
108、to them at the same time, they can quickly decide whether the faces are of the same person or two different people.” 一些超级识别者永远不会忘记面孔。但对一些人来说，如果你同时给他们呈现两张面孔，他们可以很快决定是同一个人的脸还是两个不同的人的脸。由此可知，这是上文研究的另一个发现。故C项(Another important finding is that there are subtypes of super recognition.)是对这一段的内容的总结。故C符合题意。故选
109、C。5. 根据上文“These subtypes of super recognition could be applied to many areas.”可知，这些超级识别的亚型可以用于生活的许多领域。故D项(For example, the skills could be very useful at a passport control checkpoint.) 这些技能在护照检查站很有用。是对上文的内容的具体阐释。故D项承上启下，符合题意。故选D。第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A, B, C, D四个选
110、项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this_1_at work in people of all _2_. For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about _3_with their new toys. But their _4_soon wear off
111、and by January those_5_toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of _6_stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone s _7_interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child_8_bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the_9_of cari
112、ng the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescent enter high school with great_10_but soon looking forward to_11_. The same is true of the young adults going to the college. And then, how many_12_, who complain about the long drives to work,_13_drove for hours at a time when they first_14_ the
113、ir drivers licenses? Before people retire, they usually _15_to do a lot of_16_things, which never had _17_while working. But _18_after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they _19_. And, like the child in January, they go searc
114、hing for new _20_.1. A. principle B. habit C. way D. power2. A. parties B. racesC. countries D. ages3. A. working B. living C. playing D. going4. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow(悲伤)5. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive 6. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collected
115、D. half-filled7. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main8. A. silentlyB. impatiently C. gladly D. worriedly9. A. promise B. burden(负担) C. right(权利)D. game10. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement11. A. graduationB. independence C. responsibility D. success12. A. children B. students C.
116、adults D. retirees13. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervouslyD. bravely14. A. required B. got C. noticed D. discovered15. A. need B. learn C. start D. plan16. A. greatB. strange C. difficult D. correct 17. A. time B. moneyC. skills D. knowledge18. A. onlyB. well C. even D. soon19. A. lost B. chose C. l
117、eft D. quit20. A. pets B. toys C. friendsD. colleagues【答案】1-5 ADCBA 6-10 DBCBD 11-15 ACBBD 16-20 AADCB【解答】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了一旦我们的各种活动成为我们日常生活必须做的事情时，无论是哪个年龄段的人都会感到无聊而半途而废了。接下来具体说明了从小孩子、到青少年、再到成年人、到老人都会有这种情况出现。1. 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。事实上，我们可以看到这个法则在起作用。此处principle法则；habit习惯；way方式、方法；power力量。只有principle和第一句话中的ru
118、le意思接近。故选A。2. 考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。后面详细描述了不同年龄的人的情况，因此可知本句话的意思是：其实，我们在不同年龄的人在工作 都会看见这一点。此处parties党、聚会；3.ta 竞赛；countries国家；ages年龄。故选D。3. 考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。例如，圣诞节字晨，孩子们兴奋地玩他们的新玩具。此处working 工作；living 和.一起生活；playing玩；going去短语play with的意思是玩弄.故选C.4. 考查形容词词义辨析及语境埋解。根据原文可知，但是孩子们对这些玩具的兴趣很快就越来越少了。此处confidence自信；interest
119、兴趣；anxiety焦虑；sorrow悲伤。故选B.5. 考查形容词词义辨析及语境。到一月份可以发现同样的那些玩具就被放在了地下室里。此处sane相同的；extra额外的；funny好玩的. expensive贵的。the same同一个的，说明还没持续几天兴趣就没了。故选A。6. 考查形容词辨析。A选项well-organized(有条理的)；B选选项colorfully-printed(彩印的）；C选项newly-collected(新收集的）D选项half-filled(装了一半的)。“世界充满了装满一半的集邮册和未完成的模型”，这里举例说明人们常常做事有头无尾。所以D项符合题意。7.
120、考查形容词辨析。A选项broad(广泛的）；B选项passing(过往的）；C选项different(不同的）：D选项main（主要的）。”每个可作为某人曾经的兴趣的一个纪念碑“，所以B项符合题意。8. 考查副词辨析。A选项silently（默默的）；B选项impatiently(不耐烦地）；C选项gladly(高兴地）；D选项worriedly(担心地）。“当父母把宠物带回家时，他们的孩子兴高采烈地给它洗澡和刷牙”，表明一开始对宠物时感兴趣的，心情也是很开心的。所以C选项符合题意。9. 考查名词辨析。A选项promise(承诺)；B选项burden(负担）；C选项right(权利）；D选项g
121、ame(游戏)。“然而，很快照顾宠物的担子就交给了家长”，说明孩子的兴趣消失了。所以答案选B。10. 考查名词辨析。A选项courage(勇气）；B选项calmness(冷静）；C选项confusion(混乱）；D选项excitement(兴奋）。与前面提到的小孩子一样，一开始升入高中时，青少年们都很激动。所以D项符合题意。11. 考查名词辨析。A选项graduation(毕业）；B选项independence(独立）；C选项responsibility(责任)；D选项success(成功）。“但是很快就盼望着毕业离开了”，所以A项符合题意。12. 考查名词辨析。A选项children(孩子）
122、；B选项students(学生)；C选项adults(成年人）；D选项retirees(退休人员）。本文是按照年龄从小到大的顺序讲述的，前面提到上大学的年轻人，然后接下来是上班的成年人抱怨要开好长的时间去上班。所以C项符合题意。13. 考查副词辨析。A选项carefully(仔细地）；B选项eagerly(急切地）；C选项nervously(紧张地）；D选项bravely（勇敢地）。“他们急切地渴望能一口气开上几个小时”，所以B项是正确的。14. 考查动词辨析。A选项required(需求）；B选项obtained(获得）；C选项noticed(注意）；D选项discovered（发现）。“当
123、他们第一次取得驾照的时候，他们急切地渴望能一口气开上几个小时”，这里用另个例子说明人们保持兴趣的时间不长15. 考查动词辨析。A选项need（需要）；B选项learn(学习）；C选项start(开始）；D选项plan(计划）。“退休之前，人们通常计划要做好多事情”，所以D项符合题意。16. 考查形容词辨析。A选项great（伟大的）；B选项strong(强壮的）；C选项difficult(困难的)；D选项correct（正确的)，“很多大事是他们在工作时没有时间去做的”，这里用“great”来说明一开始的想法很棒。17. 考查名词辨析。A选项time(时间)；B选项money(钱)；C选项sk
124、ills(技能)；D选项knowledge(知识)。“很多大事是他们在工作时没有时间去做的”，他们工作的时候没有时间去做，所以希望退休后有时间去做，所以A项正确。18. 考查副词辨析。A选项only(仅仅)；B选项well(好)；C选项even(甚至)；D选项soon(很快）。“但退休后不久，打高尔夫、钓鱼、读书和所有其他消遣都变得和他们不久前才离开的工作一样今人乏味了”所以D洗项是正确的。19. 考查动词辨析。A选项lost(失去)；B选项chose(选择)；C选项left(离开)；D选项quit(停止)。退休的人应该是离开工作岗位的人，所以C选项正确。20. 考查名词辨析。A选项pets(
125、宠物)；B选项toys(玩具)；C选项friends(朋友)；D选项colleagues(同事)。“像在一月份的孩子，他们去寻找新的玩具了”，说明兴趣保持的时间短，所以B项符合题意。第二节 语篇语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。As an old saying goes, Friends are like wine, the older, the better. Many people consider old friends to be more important than new ones. For
126、example, if two pieces of advice 1. _ (give) to solve a problem, one from a new friend and the other from 2. _ old friend, people would prefer the latter one to the former one, even though the new friends advice may be 3. _(good).I, however, 4. _ (agree) with the old saying, believing that new frien
127、ds are not 5. _(necessary) worse than old friends. It is not always right 6. _(determine) your friendship by the length (长度) of time.Once you call someone a friend, he must be a person who is 7._ (rely) and whose interests are in common with 8._ (you). It is mainly his character and interests 9. _ m
128、ake him your friend. It actually has little to do with time. Peoples appearance may change, but their character usually stays the same. Therefore, on this point, there is no10. _(different) between old friends and new friends.【答案】1. are given 2. an 3. better 4. disagree 5. necessarily 6. to determin
129、e 7. reliable 8. yours 9. that10. difference【解答】1.本题注意考查时态和语态。结合句意，例如，如果给出两条建议来解决一个问题。根据情景可知，此处表现的是主语现在的状态，故用一般现在时。two pieces of advice 与动词 give 之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。two pieces of advice为复数。动词give的过去分词形式为given。故正确答案为 are given。2.本题主要考查冠词。结合句意，一个来自一个新朋友，另一个来自一个老朋友。泛指“一个老朋友”，且单词old以元音音素开头，故应使用不定冠词an。故正确答案为a
130、n。3.本题主要考查形容词。根据文章大意可知，本题考查的是比较级，故答案为better。4.本题主要考查动词。根据文章第一段最后一句中 people would prefer the latter one to the former one 与文章第二段第一句中however可知，作者不同意第一段中提到的观点。“不同意”的英文表达为disagree，又因为本句主语为I，因此应该使用动词的复数形式。故正确答案为 disagree。5.本题主要考查副词修饰形容词。由题目空格后的worse来看，前面应该使用副词修饰形容词，故正确答案为necessarily。6.本题主要考查固定搭配。结合句意，以时间
131、的长短来确定你们的友谊并不总是正确的。lt+ be+ adj.+ to do sth.为固定搭配，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为句中的不定式。故正确答案为to determine。7.本题主要考查形容词。结合句意，他必须是一个可靠的人。空格处应为形容词，与be动词构成系表结构。rely的形容词形式为 reliable。故正确答案为reliable。8.本题主要考查名词性物主代词。结合句意，他必须是一个可靠的人，并且他的兴趣与你的相同。表示“你的兴趣”，应用名词性物主代词。故正确答案为yours。9.本题主要考查强调句型。结合句意，他之所以成为你的朋友，主要是因为他的性格和兴趣。将句中It i
132、s与空格去掉，句子结构仍然完整，能够构成句意，所以本句是一个强调句。强调句结构为It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分。本句中强调的是特质，故用that。故正确答案为that。10.本题主要考查名词。结合句意，因此，在这一点上，老朋友和新朋友没有区别。句中no为形容词，意为“没有，不是”。形容词修饰名词，故空格处应填入名词。different 的名词形式为difference.第三节 单句语法填空 （共5空；每空1分，满分5分）1. Helen finally became a lawyer, _ she had always wanted to be.2. Huge
133、quantities of oil _(pour) into the sea in the last few month.3. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _(填情态动词) not say where he was.4. Its important for the figures _(update) regularly.5. Wherever you go, _(understand) local customs can help you find things at good prices.【答案】1.
134、which 2.have been poured 3.would 4.to be updated 5.understanding 【解答】1.考查非限制性定语从句，who表示身份，which表示职业。2. quantities of n，谓语动词用复数，加上时间状语推出应该使用现在完成时。3.表示意愿的时候，情态动词使用will，这里时态应该使用一般过去时，所以应该是would。4.根据figures和update(更新)之间的关系是被动，结合it is adj to do结构，此处为to be done5. 动名词短语做主语。第四部分：写作（满分20分）假定你是李华，寒假在伦敦学习，得知伦敦市政府在社区招募防疫志愿者。请你用英文写一封电子邮件应聘，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.个人优势；3.能做的事。注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】略 【解答】略
