1、四川省2015高考英语人教版一轮讲义：选修8 Unit 2（2）Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了令人烦恼的消息多莉得了重病。(1)表示方位、时间或方式的副词或介词短语，如：here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，off，out，in the room，on the wall等置于句首时，句子倒装。For a moment nothing happened.Then_came_voices all shouting together.一会儿什么也没发生，接
2、着传来一齐的喊声。Hearing the dog barking fiercely，away fled_the_thief.听到狗叫的厉害，小偷吓跑了。(2)本句中的news 与that Dolly had become seriously ill是同位语关系。常见的后接同位语从句的抽象名词：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，order，problem，belief，fear等。(2012浙江卷)I made a promise to myself that this year，my first year in high
3、 school，would be different.我向我自己下了保证，今年，我在高中的第一年，要有所不同。(2014长沙市南雅中学模拟)It is reported that there is still possibility that the bad weather will continue.据报道恶劣天气仍有可能继续。The question whether_we_should_continue_to_do the experiment has not been answered yet.我们是否该继续实验的问题还没有被解决。The advantage is that if the
4、re is a new illness some of these animals may die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。The advantage is that.“其优点是”，that引导表语从句。The advantage is that smiling can not only make us happy，bu
5、t also please others.其优势在于微笑不仅仅让我们高兴，还能取悦别人。The advantage/strength of.is that.的优势是The disadvantage of.is that.的不足是The drawback of.is that.的缺点是The problem of.is that.的问题是The chance is that.有可能The_advantage_is_that we have a good command of English.其优点是我们很好地掌握了英语。The_chance_is_that our team will finis
6、h at the top，as our remaining matches arent too difficult.由于我们队余下的比赛不太艰难，我们队在结束时有可能名列前茅。The drawback of the popularity of cars is that it brings about so much air pollution.汽车普及的缺点是它带来了严重的空气污染。.完成句子1骑自行车上学的优势是强身健体。_going to school by bike_it can build up your strength.答案：The advantage of；is that2母亲许
7、诺，如果我通过高考，她将给我买一个手机。Mother made a promise_the College Entrance Examination，she would buy me a mobile phone.答案：that if I passed.单项填空1(2014江西上饶市一模)Up went prices，_.Adown came the living standardBcame down the living standardCcame the living standard downDdown the living standard came解析：考查倒装句。句意为：物价上涨，
8、生活标准就会降低。表示地点、方向、时间等的副词位于句首且主语为名词时，句子要用完全倒装结构。本句的句子结构应与“up went prices”相同。答案：A2(2014江西鹰潭市一模)Im really depressed after so many failures.I cant see any hope.Cheer up！Behind every misfortune_！Alies an opportunityBdoes an opportunity lieCan opportunity liesDis an opportunity lying解析：考查倒装句。句意为：经历了这么多失败，我
9、真的非常沮丧。我看不到任何希望。振作起来！每次不幸之后都跟着成功的机会。当表示方位的副词位于句首时，句子需要用全部倒装形式。B和D两项是部分倒装结构；C项是陈述语序，可排除。答案：A3(2014南京一模)Scientists have found evidence from their research_painful early experiences can make the nervous system experience pain more strongly in the future.AwhereBwhatCthatDwhen解析：考查同位语从句。分析句子成分可知，空处引导同位语从
10、句解释说明evidence的内容，且从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。答案：C4(2014吉林一模)The fact_this country spends more on its military than on education and health care combined is a serious and worrying thought.AwhereBwhichCthatDwhy解析：考查同位语从句。句意为：这个国家在军队上的投入超过教育和健康投入的总和，这是一个很严重且令人担心的事实。that引导同位语从句，解释说明fact的具体内容。答案：Cdiffer vi.不同；相异d
11、iffer from.be different from.与不同differ in.在方面不同The expectations and pressures on athletes differ from school to school and sport to sport.对于运动员的期待和压力，每个学校和体育项目都不尽相同。strike vi.& vt.打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时；划(火柴)；n.罢工It strikes sb.that.某人突然意识到be struck by.被打动；深受感动The visitors were struck by the beauty of the tou
12、rist area.游客被旅游区的美景迷住了。resist vt.抵抗；对抗；抗拒；抵制；忍住resist (doing) sth.抵制(干)某事cant/couldnt resist doing sth./cant help doing sth.忍不住干某事Lucy is overweight，but she cant resist the temptation to eat more delicious food when dining out.露西体重超重，但是吃饭时她抵制不住美味佳肴的诱惑。(be) bound to (do). 一定或注定(做)；有责任或义务(做)Facing so
13、many people，you are bound to have disagreements.面对这么多人，你一定会遇到不同意见。【写作素材】1很多人反对克隆人，甚至有的国家禁止科学家对克隆人进行研究。2他们很沮丧，因为克隆人在道德上不合理。3然而，另外一些国家不同，他们支持医学克隆。4事实上，很多国家都在进行着医学克隆，并取得了很大的突破。5因此，我们不能抵制它。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。【连句成篇】Many people object to cloning humans，and some countries forbid scientists to do research into
14、 human cloning.They feel cast down because it is not morally reasonable.However，other countries quite differ.They are in favour of medical cloning.Actually many countries are undertaking it and have obtained great breakthroughs.So we are unable to resist it.同位语从句1(2014江西重点中学协作体第一次联考)_was known to th
15、em that the boss had broken his promise_he would give them a rise.AWhat；whatBIt；whichCIt；thatDAs；that解析：考查固定句型及名词性从句。句意为：他们知道，老板违背了给他们涨工资的承诺。第一空为It be known to sb.that.结构，意为“某人知道”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句；第二空用that来引导同位语从句，来解释说明promise的具体内容。答案：C2(2014江西上饶市一模)Jane gets on well with her classmates.Yes
16、，I have no idea_she gets on well with her classmates.AhowBwhatCthatDwhich解析：考查同位语从句。句意为：Jane和她的同学们关系融洽。是的，我不知道她是如何和同学相处的。根据句意可知，应用how来引导同位语从句 ，解释说明idea的具体内容。答案：A3(2014南京名校阶段考试)Are you in favour of Toms suggestion_we work around the clock to meet the deadline?No.But_Jimmy suggested to me sounds pract
17、ical.Awhich；whatBthat；thatCwhich；thatDthat；what解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，第一空引导同位语从句，是对suggestion的解释，且从句中不缺成分，故用that来引导。第二空引导主语从句，并在从句中作动词的宾语，故用what引导。答案：D4(2014江苏南通调研)A project has recently been launched by the charity organization_people should donate books to remote mountainous schools.AthatBwhatCwhichD
18、as解析：考查同位语从句。句意为：那个慈善机构最近发起一项活动，即人们应该向偏远山区的学校捐书。根据句意可知，空后的内容是对A project的解释说明，且句子不缺少成分，故用that引导同位语从句。答案：A5(2014吉林省部分重点中学检测)The problem will appear_a different welfare system will be created.AunlessBwhetherCuntilDif解析：考查同位语从句。句意为：是否创立一个不同的社会福利体系这个问题将会出现。这是一个分隔式的同位语从句，根据句意可知用whether来引导此同位语从句，表示“是否”。if一般不引导同位语从句，故排除D项。如果选A的话，后半句应该用一般现在时，即The problem will appear unless a different welfare system is created。答案：B
