1、主谓一致 考点一语法一致1表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或句子作主语时，谓语动词用单数。When and where to go for the on-salary holiday has not been decided yet带薪度假的时间和地点还没决定。 2“one/either/neither/each of复数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语用单数。Either of the stories is very funny这两个故事都很有趣。3something，everything，anything，nothing，somebody, nobody，no one等不定代词作主语，谓语通常用单数
2、。Nothing is impossible没有不可能的事。4表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、数量的复数名词作主语，通常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。Ten pounds was missing from the box盒子里的东西少了十磅。5主语后有with，together with，along with，except，besides，as well as等词或短语时，谓语动词的数要与这些词或短语前面的名词的单复数保持一致(因为with等词为介词，其后跟的名词只能是介宾，不可能充当主语)。MrGreen together with his children goes to the park
3、every Sunday格林先生每个星期天都和他的孩子们一起去这个公园。6what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于作表语的名词的单复数。What surprised me most was his attitude towards his study最令我惊讶的是他对学习的态度。What her father left her are only some books她父亲留给她的只有一些书。7such作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要根据其意义而定。Such is Stephen Hawking，who has suffered a great deal but achieved so
4、 much这就是史蒂芬霍金，他经受了很多痛苦但也取得了许多成就。Such are the results we have got这些就是我们所取得的成果。8有计量单位名词修饰的不可数名词充当句子主语时，谓语动词用单数还是用复数形式，由计量单位名词的单、复数形式决定。There is a cup of tea on the table桌子上有一杯茶。How many bottles of milk are there in the box?箱子里有多少瓶牛奶？ 考点二意义一致1“every/each/no名词and every/each/no名词”作主语时，谓语用单数。Every boy and
5、 every girl is playing sports now每个男孩和女孩都正在参加运动。2“one单数名词and a half”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。One apple and a half was on the table桌子上有一个半苹果。3“more than one单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。More than one student has failed the exam不止一个学生考试不及格。4“many a单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Many a child was playing there很多孩子在那边玩。5在定语从句中，关系代词如果在从句中作主语
6、，根据先行词决定从句谓语动词的单复数；在“one of复数名词who/that/which”引导的从句中，谓语动词用复数；但之前有the(only)等修饰语时，从句中的谓语动词用单数。Mary is the only one of the students in our school who has ever been to China玛丽是我们学校唯一一个去过中国的学生。6the rest，the remaining/part主语，谓语动词应根据所表达的单复数意义而定。The factory used three fifths of the raw materials，the rest of
7、 which were saved for other purposes工厂用了这种原材料的五分之三，剩余部分节省出来作为他用。7分数、百分数指代或修饰名词时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它们所表示的意义。About 50% of the land is suitable to grow plants大约50%的土地适合种植物。About 80% of the people in the city object to the price of running water going up这个城市中大约80%的人反对自来水价格上调。 考点三就近原则1谓语动词的人称和数常常与其最接近的主语保持一致。常出
8、现在这类句子中的连词有or，notbut，eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also等。Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter要么他们要么我为这个事情的结果负责。2在倒装句中谓语常与后面最接近的主语一致。In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people远处传来拍手声和人们的喊叫声。3当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。here引起的句子与此用法相同。There is a pen，a knife and several books on the desk书桌上有一支钢笔、一把刀和几本书。Here is a pen，a few envelopes and some paper in the drawer在抽屉里有一支钢笔、几个信封和一些纸。特别提示：就近一致原则也适用于疑问句。在疑问句里，同样是依据最近的主语的单复数确定谓语动词的单复数。Is either Tom or you to be sent to work there?是你或者汤姆要被派去那里工作吗？
