1、Part 2 Of 29.preserve vt.保护,维护；保存；储存；维持Mr.Black was anxious to preserve his reputation.布莱克先生急于维护自己的名声。A few of his early poems are preserved.他早期的一些诗歌被保存了下来。Fish are preserved in ice and salt until they are sold.鱼出售前都存放在冰盐里。preserve n.(某人群或工作等的)专门领域；果酱；泡菜；野生动物保护区preservation n.保存；维护；保养程度preservable a
2、dj.可保存的；可储藏的preservative n.&adj.防腐剂,保护剂；有保护能力的preserver n.保护者；保护用具；私人保留地preserve sth./sb.from保全,使继续存活,保护They were determined to preserve their leader from humiliation.他们决心保护他们的领导人免受侮辱。1.应该小心保护视力。_用preserve的适当形式填空2.All the paintings were in an excellent state of _.Eyesight should be carefully preserv
3、ed.preservation3.The police are the _ of law and order.4.What you see here is a perfectly _ 13th-century house.5.This kind of juice contains no artificial _.preserverspreservedpreservatives10.more than 不仅仅,不只是Yao Ming is more than a basketball player.姚明不仅仅是一个篮球运动员。more than+数量词,表示“以上，多于”。More than 3
4、00 workers were involved in strikes last month.上个月有300多名工人参与了罢工。more than+动词,表示“十分,非常”。What he said more than disappointed me.他所说的话使我非常失望。more than+形容词或副词,表示“十分，不止，简直”。If you tell your father what youve done,hell be more than happy.如果你把你所做的一切告诉你的父亲,他一定十分高兴。no more than 表示“不过，仅仅”。more thancan/could,意
5、思是“不能”,表示否定意义。more A than B,意思是“与其说B,倒不如说A”。Its no more than ten minutes walk from the station.从车站走到这里仅仅只要10分钟。The beauty of Hangzhou is more than words can describe.杭州之美是无法用语言描述的。The child was more frightened than hurt.这孩子的伤倒不算什么,只是受惊不小。He always seemed old to me,more like grandfather than like a f
6、ather.我总感到他长相见老,更像祖父而不像父亲。1.这样的寒冷人们远不能忍受。_2.与其说我父亲是个作家,倒不如说他是个政治家。_The cold was more than people could bear.My father is more a politician than a writer.11.consequence n.结果,后果,结论；重要性Nothing of consequence occurred today.今天没什么重要的事发生。as a/in consequence 结果as a/in consequence of 由于,作为的结果of little/no co
7、nsequence=not of any/much consequence 不重要的,无足轻重的take the consequences 后果自负,自作自受If you behave so foolishly,you must be ready to take the consequences.如果你这样愚昧下去,你必须准备自食其果。consequent adj.作为结果的；随之发生的consequently adv.因此,所以1.请考虑一下后果吧,你不应该那么快作决定。_2.这孩子浪费了太多时间,因此,他考试失败了。_Think of the consequences,please.You
8、 shouldnt make a decision so quickly.The boy wasted so much time and consequently/as a consequence,he failed in the exam.3.你的意见对我而言不重要。_4.他触犯了法律,现在必须承担自己的行为带来的后果。_Your opinion is of little consequence to me.He broke the law,and now he must take the consequences of his actions.12.dueadj.由于,因为；与to搭配相当
9、于owing toHis success is entirely due to hard work.他的成功完全是努力工作的结果。adj.到期The debt is due on March 5.3月5日债务到期。adj.定于(某时)到达The train is due at 9:10.火车预定在9点10分到达。adj.预定，预期Her baby is due next week.她的宝宝预计在下个星期出世。1.他的病是由于工作过度引起的。_2.由于暴风雨他来晚了。_His illness was due to overwork.He arrived late due to the storm
10、.13.do up修缮；整新；收拾We bought an old house and are doing it up.我们买了一栋旧房子,现正在加以整修。He came and helped me do up my room.他来帮助我收拾房间。扣紧；绑紧Will you do up this parcel for me?请你替我把这个包裹捆一下好吗？Do up the buttons on your shirt,Richard.理查德,把你衬衫的纽扣扣好。1.在营地,男孩们不得不自己打扫小屋。_2.她在淋浴前把头发盘起来。_At camp,the boys have to do up th
11、eir own cabins.She did her hair up before taking a shower.1.Sometimes we try to deposit a little or change our money into different countries currencies in the hope that we can make even more money.有时候我们会存一些钱或将钱换成其他国家的货币，希望能赚取更多的钱。该句中in the hope that 希望(that后是同位语从句).2.Surely were still better off th
12、an those who wear rags and sleep on the streets or in vacant buildings,but there is a growing resistance to this consumer society which is especially affecting the youth of today with their computers,i-pods,designer clothes and mobile phones.当然，我们仍旧比那些穿着破烂衣服，睡在大街上或者空置房屋的人的生活要好得多，但是现在的年轻人特别容易受到电脑，苹果随
13、身听，名牌服饰和移动电话的影响，所以越来越多的人开始抵制这种消费社会。be better off 比较富裕该句中who wear rags and sleep on the streets or in是个定语从句，修饰的先行词是those。而which is especially affecting the youth of today with their computers是另一个定语从句，修饰的先行词是society。3.Protest groups are insisting that some of our money be given to the third world.反对派坚
14、持认为我们的一些钱应给第三世界。that some of our money be given to the third world是insist的宾语,是一个宾语从句。其中be动词前省略了should。动词insist在这里的含义是“坚持,坚持要求”,所以用insist(that)sb.(should)do sth.句型。4.They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs,which madeit easier to keep an eye on peoples movements.他们派
15、卫兵把守着胡同的入口，这样做使他们容易监视人们的举动。which指代前面整个主句“They were then able to place guards at the entrances of the various hutongs”。which 可以引导一个非限制性定语从句,指代位于其前的整个句子。The earth moves around the sun,which is well-known.地球绕着太阳转,这是众所周知的。5.Because the houses were built facing each other around courtyards,the families w
16、ho lived there were an important part of each others lives.四合院的房子门对门围绕院子四面建成，所以生活在那里的人都成为彼此生活中密不可分的一部分。该句中，because 引导原因状语从句；而who lived there 是定语从句，修饰的先行词是families。6.The hutongs not only link Beijings streets and communities after all,but also its past and present,showing that Beijing is truly an anc
17、ient yet modern city.胡同不仅联系着北京的街道和社区，还联系着北京的现在和过去，它证明了北京的确是一个古老而又现代的城市。该句中，showing that是现在分词作状语，表原因。世界与环境(读写任务)环境问题影响着人们的工作，学习，生活等，而我们的工作，生活，生产等又使环境污染越来越严重，如何保护我们的环境成为人们最为关注的话题之一。涉及此话题的读写任务，常常涉及：1.世界范围内环境污染的原因，如水污染越来越严重、砍伐森林严重、大气污染严重、白色垃圾、人口增加等。考生应该意识到最为本质的原因是人类活动。2.环境问题给人们带来的危害，其中包括自然灾害问题。3.如何应对环境问
18、题，政府、个人应该做些什么。以及绿色生活、珍惜水资源、使用再生资源、实现经济可持续发展、创建绿色学校等问题。实用表达：in the long run 从长远看来greenhouse effect 温室效应water shortage 水资源短缺be unfriendly to the environment 对环境不利ruin the environment 破坏环境litter collection and disposal 垃圾的回收和处理be in short supply 供应不足make every citizen aware that使每个人都意识到call on the effo
19、rts from all sides号召各个方面做出努力utilize the natural resources 利用自然资源sustainable development 可持续发展Everyone should take the responsibility to protect theenvironment./Itseveryonesdutytoprotecttheenvironment.保护环境，人人有责。raise the awareness of environmental protection提高环保意识conserve natural habitats 保护生存环境take
20、effective measures;effective measures shouldbe taken/adopted采取有效措施take active measures to protect rare animals采取积极措施保护珍稀动物environmentfriendly products 环保产品Gone forever are not only，but永远失去的不仅是，还有阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Science Daily(Jan.31,2009)Scientists from theComplutense University of Madri
21、d(UCM)have selected262 European observatories which analyzed the series of(minimum and maximum)daily temperatures from 1955to1998toestimatetrendvariationsinextremetemperature events.According to the study,in Europedays of extreme cold are decreasing and days of extremeheat increasing,from 0.5 to 1 i
22、n the averageminimum temperature,and from 0.5 to 2 in theaverage maximum temperature.Continuous rises in annual temperatures in certainareasleadto“changesintheenvironmentandsignificantincreasesinthefrequencyofvaluesconsideredextremetemperatures”.Toreachthisconclusion,the scientists worked with 135 s
23、tations witha daily series of minimum temperatures and 127 stationswith a daily series of maximum temperatures,located in34 European countries.During the 44 years of analysis,the researchersrecorded extreme cold events(between the months ofNovember and March)and extreme heat events(fromJune to Septe
24、mber)noting a slight decrease in days ofextreme cold and increase in days of extreme heat.The decrease in days of extreme cold and increasein days of extreme heat are due to both local and globalfactors,according to the scientists.Some of them includethe heat produced in cities or the change in the
25、generalcirculation of the atmosphere which directly determinesextreme temperature events.Apart from their direct relationship with climatechange,extreme temperatures(minimum and maximum)particularly affect human health.【写作内容】1以约30个词概括短文的内容要点；2以约120个词就“极端天气频繁”的主题发表看法，内容包括：(1)分析极端天气出现的原因；(2)极端天气对人类健康的
26、影响；(3)人类应如何应对？【写作要求】可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得引用原文中的句子。该篇读写任务所给文章是一则新闻报道，属于说明文文体。文章告诉我们(According to the study)inEurope days of extreme cold are decreasing and days ofextreme heat increasing以及这个问题产生的原因Thedecreaseare due to both local and global factors.Someof them include the heat produced
27、in cities or the changein the general circulation of the atmosphere.所以在进行概括时，我们首先阐述文章所说明的问题，然后再概括原因。正文部分，三个要点所占篇幅部分伯仲。要点(1)和(2)属于现象和影响的分析，属于说明文文体，应该用一般现在时来写。我们要意识到全球变暖是导致极端天气出现的主要原因，所以对于要点(1)“极端天气出现的原因”，我们可以从导致全球变暖的原因的角度来思考，比如：滥伐树木，人类活动大量排放二氧化碳等多种温室气体等。极端天气对某些传染疾病的传播起到推波助澜的作用，极端天气会导致极端高温，对人体健康最直接的影响
28、是发病率和死亡率的升高，这些都是极端天气对人类健康的影响(要点2)。所以我们要减少二氧化碳的排放，植树造林，保护地球的气候，阻止其继续恶化，是我们的共同责任(要点3)。According to the passage,extreme temperatureshappenmuchmorefrequentthaneverbeforeinEuropean countries.These are largely due to the heatproduced in cities and the circulation of the atmosphere.Reasons for extreme temp
29、eratures are varied.For onething,humans activities like burning fossil fuels producecarbon dioxide,which make the globe warmer,causingthe global temperature to go up.For another,peoplescutting down trees that can absorb large quantities ofcarbon dioxide for furniture also contributes to thewarmth of
30、 the earth,which gives rise to extremetemperatures.Extreme temperatures can do a lot of harm topeoples health.The heatwave or the high temperaturescan cause stress,worsening of diseases and even death,especially among children and old people.Therefore,to cope with the extreme temperatures,the most e
31、ffective way is a global effort to reduceemissions of greenhouse gases.Individuals should useless energy,plant more trees and recycle materialsbecause everyones contribution counts.阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Lakes,rivers and the air in many places in Chinaare still polluted,some seriously,in spite
32、 of continuousefforts to control pollution,a Chinese environmentalofficial said on Tuesday.Zhang Lijun,Deputy Minister of EnvironmentalProtection，said environmental protection departmentsacross the country should press enterprises harder onpollution control.The quality of the water sampled in almost
33、 a quarterof the monitoring stations set up along major rivers andin 28 major lakes averaged at level，which is toopolluted to be used even for farm irrigation,while the airquality of 39.5 percent of 320 cities of prefecture leveland above averaged level or worse，according to adocument circulated at
34、the meeting.TheMinistry of EnvironmentalProtection wasconsidering a policy to deprive polluting enterprisesfrom enjoying favorable treatment in subsidies andtaxation,usuallygivenbyinvestmentseekinglocalgovernments.Last year,156 projects with a total investment of473.7billionyuan(US$69.28billion)fail
35、edenvironmental evaluations due to potentially high energyconsumption and pollution emissions，including manychemical and coalburning plants.In 579 projects that passed the evaluation，with atotal investment of2.4 trillion yuan,clean productiontechnology and facilities had been used to ensure thereduc
36、tion of pollutants,such as sulfur dioxide，Zhangsaid.【写作内容】1以约30词概括所阅读短文的主要内容；2以约120词就“经济的可持续发展”发表看法，内容包括：(1)请举例描述许多工厂或企业为了经济利益不顾环保；(2)你对这些工厂或企业的看法；(3)请就“发展经济不应以牺牲环境为代价”展开论述。【写作要求】作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子。_One possible version:As lakes，rivers and air in most places are stillserio
37、usly polluted，Chinese Ministry of EnvironmentalProtection is considering a policy to urge the enterprisesto take measures to stop pollution.To make a greater profit and save the expenses onenvironment facilities,many factories go against the lawof protecting the environment.Some of them pour dirtywa
38、ste water directly into rivers,making the rivers notonly undrinkable but also unusable.Others releasepoisonous gases into the air,causing residents to suffer alot.In my opinion,economic development should notbe at the expense of the environment.Sustainabledevelopment should be adopted.Without a sustainable environment,a countrys rawnatural resources will be greatly reduced.Furthermore,without a healthy environment,how are people supposedto live?Therefore,stop doing such things as benefit usnow but harm us later.We dont want future generationsto suffer for our benefit.
