1、北京市丰台区2015高考英语阅读理解、语法填空训练（1）及答案【阅读理解】- (四川卷)The multimillion pound new Library of Birmingham(LoB)will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(数字化)of everyday life.Set to open in 2013, the 188m LoB is already beginning to take shape next to the Birmingham Repertor
2、y Theatre, with which it will share some equipment.As digital media(媒介)is important to its_idea,_the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.Brian Gambles, the LoB project director, says it is about giving people the right t
3、ools for learning：“The aim is to mix the physical with the digital, providing 24hour services which can be used through many different ways. It is important to enable us to reach more people, more effectively.”The digital library will, he says, be as important as the physical one, allowing the dista
4、nt use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.Even before the LoB is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual(虚拟的)LoB, designed by Baden, the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists. Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB, but
5、the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.Two other small Birminghambased digital companies are also working on the LoB projects. Substrat, a digital design company, is developing what it calls an example of an “enl
6、arged reality” project. It is about the use of an exciting smart phone, an important part of the LoB which is in the early stages of development. And The Peoples Archice is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in Cahoots, in which users will
7、 be encouraged to add to and comment on the material.Gambles says: “Technology will enable us to make the librarys content and services open to citizens as never before.”投资数百万英镑的伯明翰新建图书馆将会是目前很有代表性的数字化图书馆，在这样的图书馆，人们将会体验新的阅览工具，并且能够真正做图书馆的主人，即：能够参与图书内容的增补与建议。1The underlined part “its idea” in Paragraph
8、 3 refers to the idea of _.Athe equipment Bthe projectCthe digital media Dthe physical library答案：B。词义猜测题。根据下一句话的信息词“the project is already providing.”可以断定此处的代词its 指的就是the project。2While visiting the Virtual LoB, the public can _.Aget a general idea of the LoBBmeet many worldfamous expertsClearn how
9、to put up a library buildingDunderstand how the specialists work on the project 答案：A。细节判断题。在倒数第三段中，信息句“Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB.”可以给以提示：即：公众可以很好地了解LoB的具体情况，即同选项A所说的一样。3Which of the following is TRUE of the LoB when it opens?aIt offers better learning tools. bIt reach
10、es users in different ways.cIt provides users with smart phones.dIt allows users to enrich its material.eIt gives nonstop physical and digital services.Aa，b，d Ba，c，e Cb，c，d Db，d，e 答案：A。细节判断题。 在文章的第三段中提到这样“right tools for learning”“used through many different ways ”以及倒数第二段的最后“add to and comment on th
11、e material”都表明了关于开放时的LoB的情况，即同选项A。4The text is most probably taken from _.Aa computer bookBa library guideCa project handbookDa newspaper report答案：D。文章出处判断题。既然是针对于公众的信息，应该是面对普通公众，即选择最大众化的媒体，即新闻报道。Passage Seventeen (A Strong Stock Market) The increase in the margin rate from 50% to 70% was not an att
12、empt to stem any rampant speculation on the part of the publicactually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignifiedbut rather an attempt by the Federal Reserve Board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market. Naturally, such a move
13、had a momentarily chilling effect upon prices but if the FRB had been preoccupied with undue speculation, the increase might have been to the 80% or even 90% level. Such an increases in the margin rate is a confirmation of a strong stock market and since 19,such increases have resulted in interim ma
14、rket highs over twelve months later. Obviously, there could be no guarantee that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guidelineand if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same coursecontinued optimism over the outlook for the stock market would seem more pruden
15、t than pessimism. The margin increase underscored the good rise that stocks had enjoyed for the previous yearand the fact that a 50% rate was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part. In pas
16、t Investment Letters we have voiced the thought that speciality stocks could outperform the general market from this point. We continue to believe that this could be the case. For example, steel stocks tend to sell at certain fixed price/earnings ratios. Below a certain ratio they are considered goo
17、d valueabove a certain ratio, overpriced. If a company produces a unique product it is far more difficult for market analysis to place a numerical ratio upon the companys earnings. We have also contended in the past Letters that the stock market reflects mass psychology as well as the business outlo
18、ok. When investorsboth the public and the institutionsare nervous and pessimistic they definitely hesitate to buy stocks: they seek low price/earnings multiples and high yields. These same investorswhen they are in an optimistic frame of mindbecome for less preoccupied with yields and more wiling to
19、 pay a premium(high p/e multiples) for accelerated growth. If the publics attitude towards the auto industry is any measure, then this period seems to have been one of optimism.1. The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is A. A Time to Sell Stock. . A Strong Stock MarketC. Raising th
20、e Margin Rate C. Price/earnings Ratio in Steel2. When investors are pessimistic what do they do?A. They look to the FRB for help. . They buy steelC. They buy automobile stocks. D. They look for high yields.3. Why does the writer believe that speciality stocks could outperform the general market?A. B
21、ecause analysis have difficulty in deciding upon a fixed price/earnings ratio. Because the activity had been limited to blue chips.C. Because the rise was conservative.D. Because of the FRB action.4. When investors are optimistic, what do they do?A. They look for accelerated growth. . They buy speci
22、ality stocks.C. They look for high yields. C. They are more prudent.Vocabulary1. margin rate 保证金率，边际比率2. rampant 无约束力，猖獗的，蔓延的3. stem 遏制4. stem from 滋长，源自5. underpin 加强基础，支持6. underpinning 支持物，基础（建筑物下的）7. preoccupy 先占，使专心于，吸引住8. undue 过分的，非法的，不适当的9. interim 间歇；暂时的，间歇的10. guideline 方针，指导路线11. undersco
23、re 在下面划线，强调12. point up 加强，强调13. bluechip 兰筹股票14. blue-chip 兰筹的15. outperform 在使用上胜过16. overprice 将标价过高17. numerical ratio 数率，数字比率18. earnings 收益，利润，收入19. contend 竞争，坚决主张，争论20. premium 佣金，酬金难句译注1. The increase in the margin rate from 50% to 70% was not an attempt to stem any rampant speculation on t
24、he part of the publicactually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignifiedbut rather an attempt by the Federal Reserve Board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market.结构简析 是notbut句型，两个破折号中间是插入成分；中插入一个带with+N+participle 短语参考译文 保证金率从5
25、0%增长到70%，并不是想要遏制群众方面猖獗的投机，而是联邦储备委员会想要保持现存于股市强劲基础事实上股市由于群众非常庄严的参与在技术上看起来相当强劲。2. Obviously, there could be no guarantee that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guidelineand if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same coursecontinued optimism over the outlook f
26、or the stock market would seem more prudent than pessimism.结构简析 复合句。中间有插入语if clause, 进一步说明条件。参考译文 显然，不可能保证这种情况再次出现（情况再是这样）。可是，如果历史具有指导方针的话如果商业和公司的利润仍然保持在同样轨道上那么对股市前景乐观似乎要比悲观更精确些。3. The margin increase underscored the good rise that stocks had enjoyed for the previous yearand the fact that a 50% rate
27、 was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part.结构简析 这句句子内有四个that clause：第一个that是good rise的定语从句。第二个和第三个that都是the fact that句型。但第二个the fact that中，as long as it was, 指头一年，pointed up是谓语。第四个是in tha
28、t连词，义：因为。写作方法与文章大意 文章论述“强劲证券市场”的种种情况。首先是联邦储备委员会为保持强股市基础要求保证金率增长。这种增长过去，现在，将来都能巩固强市。其次由于绝大部分集中在兰筹股上，使股市看好上升趋于保守，引出行业股比普通股吃香。最后是投资者心情和股市强弱有关。答案祥解1. B. 强劲证券市场（强市）。见难句译注1和第一段第三句：“那种保证金率的增长有力的巩固了强劲证券市场。从19年起，这种增长导致一年来股市屡创新高。A. 买出股票的时候。 C. 提高保证金率。 D. 钢的市盈率。这三项都不对，它们只是文中涉及的方面。2. D. 他寻找高业绩（即公司的产量或投资收益）。见文章倒
29、数第三句：“当投资者公众和团体机构紧张而又悲观时，他们肯定在买进股票上举棋不定；他们寻求低价格/利润倍数和高额利润。A. 他们寻求联邦储备委员会的帮助。 B. 他们买进钢材。 C. 他们买进汽车股票。3. A. 因为在决定定价/利润比上难以分析。见第二段第二句：“在过去的投资保证上我们一直表达了这样的思想：行业股票在使用上可能超过普通股。我们依然相信情况可能就是这样。举例说：钢股往往在一定价格/利润比上抛出。低于一定比率，可认为股是好价值，而高于一定比率就是超价。如果一个公司就生产独一无二的产品，那市场分析就很难对公司所得定出数比。“B. 因为股市活动受兰筹股所限。 C. 因为行情上升保守。这
30、两项见难句译注3。 D. 由于联邦储备基金会的行动。4. A. 他们寻求加速的增长。见文章倒数第二句：“同样是这些股民，当投资者（对股市前景）持乐观态度时，他们不太关注（公司的）业绩（产值）而愿意以高价来购买具有高成长性的股票。”广告型阅读理解- (三)Summer Movie PreviewGreen LanternRated PG13 (June 17，also in 3D)Directed by Martin CampbellStarring: Ryan Reynolds，Blake Lively，Peter SarsgaardDC Comics magicringbearing sup
31、erhero Green Lantern flies off the page and onto the big screen this summer.Each Green Lantern wears a mystical green ring that gives them superpowers.They have sworn to keep peace in the universe.But when a powerful villain(坏蛋) named Parallax arrives on the scene，itll be up to the Corps newest and
32、first human member，test pilot Hal Jordan (Reynolds)，to save the day.Judy Moody and the Not Bummer SummerRated PG (June 10)Directed by John SchultzStarring: Jordana Beatty，Heather Graham，Parris MostellerJudys closest friends are leaving for adventures，including a circus camp and a mysterious island i
33、n the summer holiday.Judy is bummed when she finds out her parents are going to California，and she has to stay home with her Aunt Opal (Graham)Luckily Judy and Aunt Opal can turn an ordinary day into an extraordinary adventure.Maybe summer can be saved after all!Cars 2Not Yet Rated (June 24，also in
34、IMAX 3D)Directed by John Lasseter，Codirected by Brad LewisStarring: Owen Wilson，Larry the Cable Guy，Emily Mortimer，Michael CaineRace car Lightning McQueen (Wilson) and tow truck Mater (Larry the Cable Guy) head out on a road trip to remember in Cars 2.In the 3D sequel，the pair travels the globe，such
35、 as Japan and Europe.But its Mater who goes for the ride of his life，when British agents mistake him for a spy.Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows：Part 2Rated PG13 (July 15，in Theatres and IMAX 3D)Directed by David YatesStarring: Daniel Radcliffe，Rupert Grint，Emma Watson，Ralph Fiennes，Tom Felton，Al
36、an RickmanThe ends not nearits here.After 10 years of bringing magic to the big screen，the eighth and final Harry Potter film hits theatres on July 15.Picking up where Part 1 left off，Harry (Radcliffe)，Ron (Grint) and Hermione (Watson) must race to find and destroy the last of Voldemorts Horcuxes，th
37、e objects that are helping keep the evil wizard alive.1Which of the following is not made as a 3D movie?AGreen Lantern. BJudy Moody and the Not Bummer Summer.CCars 2. DHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows：Part 2. 2The underlined word “bummed” in the second part probably means “_”Aexcited Bdisappoint
38、edCfrightened Dinterested3Which of the following is not a director?AJohn Schultz. BBrad Lewis.CMartin Campbell. DRalph Fiennes.4What cannot be inferred from the passage?AHal Jordan will try to keep peace in the universe.BAt last Judy has a pleasant summer holiday.CMater was misunderstood by British
39、agents.DHarry Potter film will never have an end.5According to the passage，we know the above films are all _A. about adventures B. intended for childrenC. played in June D. about romantic story (三)【要点综述】 本文为四篇暑假即将要上演的四部电影的预告。1B 细节理解题。由四个广告的第一句可知只有第二部不是3D电影。2B 词义猜测题。由画线词的前一句“Judys closest friends are
40、 leaving for adventures, including a circus camp and a mysterious island in the summer holiday.”可知，她的朋友在暑假要去探险，而又由画线词所在句“she has to stay home with her Aunt Opal”可知她不得不待在家里，她应该是失望的。3D 细节理解题。由最后一个影片中的“Starring: Daniel Radcliffe, Rupert Grint, Emma Watson, Ralph Fiennes”可知，只有Ralph Fiennes不是导演，而是演员。4D 推
41、理判断题。由最后一部影片中“The ends not nearits here.”可知，Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2是哈里波特系列影片的最后一部。5A 推理判断题。由四部电影的介绍可知，这四部电影都是有关冒险的，故选A项。 【上海市徐汇区2014诊断卷】短文语法填空ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks
42、 with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank. The California state assembly recently approved the so-called Paris Hilton bill, which prevents dogs 25_ occupying the drivers seat in a moving vehicle. The bil
43、l passed 26_ Democrats wanted to make an example of Miss Hilton. They think she is a “little rich girl” who always gets her way; plus, her daddy is a big contributor to the Republican Party. “The judge 27_ have put her in jail for four months,” said one Democrat when Paris got only a four-day jail s
44、entence for driving while drunk.28_ (drive) around town with her little dog Lovey hanging out the drivers window, Paris is a familiar sight throughout Los Angeles. Pictures of her and Lovey are common in newspapers and magazines.“That dog is a deadly threat to everyone on the streets and the sidewal
45、ks,” said assembly leader Fabian Nunez. “We wrote this bill to protect the public. Theres no telling 29_ the dog might cause her to drive into a crowd of pedestrians. 30_ Paris wants to be with her dog, let her chauffeur do the driving. The state assembly is responsible for protecting people, and we
46、 take that responsibility seriously.”The assembly bill passed by a vote of 44 to 11. The state senate(参议院) 31_(expect) to approve the bill, and Governor Schwarzenegger has promised to sign it. “I love dogs,” he said, “but when it comes to 32_ (protect) the people of California, dogs will have to tak
47、e a back seat.”The eleven assembly members who objected to the bill were all Republicans. “While Californians,” said Republican Tom Ridge, “are being attacked daily by murderers, rapists, and muggers, who do the Democrats protect citizens froma 33_ (spoil) little girl and her dog!”参考答案】 (A) 25. from 26. because 27. should 28. Driving 29. when 30. If 31. is expected 32. protecting 33. spoiled
