1、Unit 4Global warmingSection Warming Up&ReadingLanguage Points记单词 记短语 记句型3 基础梳理记住新知识重点词汇基础词汇1_ n图表；坐标图；曲线图2_ prep.每；每一3_ n.资料；数据4_ n趋势；倾向；走向5_ adj.温和的；温柔的；淡的6_ adj.胡乱的；任意的7_ n.种类；范围graphperdatatrendmildrandomrange记住新知识重点词汇拓展词汇8._ vi.看一下；扫视 n一瞥9_vi.同意；捐赠；订阅 vt.签署(文件)；捐助10_ n现象_(pl.)11_ vt.反对；反抗_ adj.反
2、对的；对立的12 _ n结果；后果；影响consequentadj.作为结果的；随之发生的consequently adv.结果glancesubscribephenomenonphenomenaopposeopposedconsequence 记住新知识重点词汇拓展词汇13 _ adj.平 稳 的；持 续 的；稳 固 的_ adv.平稳地；持续地14_ n量；数量quality n质量15_ vt.陈述；说明statement n声明；阐述16_ v趋向；易于；照顾tendency n倾向17_ vt.消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完consumern消费者consumption n消费steadys
3、teadilyquantitystatetendconsume重点短语1_ 同意；订阅2_发生；造成3_大量的4_涨价；上涨5result in _6even if/though _7keep on _8compare.to/with _subscribe tocome aboutquantities ofgo up导致即使继续与相比重点句型1.状语从句的省略That probably does not seem much to you or me，but it is a rapid increase _ other natural changes.这个数值对你我来说可能是无所谓的，但是跟其他
4、自然变化相比较而言，这却是一种快速的增长。when compared to重点句型2There is no doubt that.毫无疑问_ the earth is becoming warmer(see Graph 1)and that _has caused this global warming _ a random but natural phenomenon.毫无疑问，地球正在变暖(见曲线图 1)，而地球变暖正是人类活动导致的，并非一种随意的自然现象。There is no doubt thatit is human activity that rather than 重点句型3w
5、ithout 引导的虚拟语气句_ the“greenhouse effect”，the earth _ about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.如果没有这种“温室效应”，地球的温度将比现在的温度还要低 33 摄氏度左右。Withoutwould be重点句型4强调句型They also agree that _ the burning of more and more fossil fuels _ this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还赞同下述观点：正是燃烧越来越多的化石燃料才导致了二氧化碳的增加
6、。it isthat has resulted in重点句型5even if“即使”，引导的状语从句_ of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续变暖。Even if we start reducing the amount 联想微空间1.图片记单词联想微空间2构词法记单词consume(v.)-er(名词后缀)consumer n
7、.state(v.)-ment(名词后缀)statement n.steady(adj.)-ly(副词后缀)steadily adv.研词汇 析句型 练拓展4 要点透析1depend on/upon 依靠；依赖；相信；取决于(教材原句 P25)We depend on energy to do many things in our daily lives.在我们的日常生活中，我们依靠能源去做很多事情。归纳拓展depend on/upon sth./sb.依靠/信赖某物/某人；指望某物/某人depend on/upon sb.for sth.依靠某人获得某物depend on/upon sb./
8、sb.s doing sth.相信某人做某事，指望某人做某事depend on/upon sb.to do sth.依靠某人做某事depend on it that.相信/指望(it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是 that 引导的从句)基础训练单句语法填空/单句改错(浙江卷改编)How much sleep you need depends a lot _ your age.Children depend on their parents _ food and clothing.The weather turns out to be fine.We can depend on _ that the
9、 goods will be shipped to the flooded area on time.on/upon for it(安徽卷改编)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill which school education depends._You can depend on that he will come to your help when needed._After he graduated from college，he was independent on his parents._which前或depends后
10、加on/upon that前加itonof能力提升完成句子你可以相信她会准时到来。You may _ on time.你不能指望别人来帮助你。You cant _ to help you.你可以相信，他会准时来这儿的。You can _ that he will come here on time.depend on her arrivingdepend on othersdepend on it人们拥有不同的英语口音，这取决于他们来自何处。People have different English accents _.他能否继续在这家公司工作取决于他是否能抓住这个机会。Whether he
11、can continue to work in the company _.depending on where they come from depends on whether he can grasp the chance2come about 发生；造成(教材原句 P26)So how has this come about and does it matter?那么，它是怎么产生的？会产生什么影响呢？归纳拓展come across 被理解；偶然碰到；无意中找到come out 开花；出版；发行come up 走近；长出；被提出come about是不及物动词短语，不能接宾语，也没有被
12、动语态。主语一般是物。基础训练单句语法填空How did it come _ that he was dismissed?Weve just come _ an old friend.That magazine comes _ once a month.The question hasnt come _ yet.aboutacrossoutup能力提升完成句子共产主义社会不会自行来到；它要通过无数革命者的努力才能建成。Communist society cannot _ by itself;it is to be built by the efforts of countless revolu
13、tionaries.我们都多次见到过这同一张照片。Many a time have we _ this same photo.一般来说，杂志定时出版。Generally speaking，magazines _ at stated e aboutcome acrosscome out3quantity n量；数量(教 材 原 句 P26)The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.当我们在大气层中增加了大量额外的二氧化碳时，问题就来了。归纳拓展 大量的；许多
14、的in quantity/in large quantities 大量地 名师指津“quantities of不可数名词或可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词均用复数形式。基础训练单句语法填空Large quantities of cotton _(ship)all over the world already.He likes reading and always buys books _quantity.There are only _ small quantity of flowers in the garden.have been shippedina能力提升完成句子大宗购物比较便宜。It
15、 is cheaper to buy goods _.我们总是认为质量比数量重要。Weve always _.in quantityput quality before quantity4tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理(教材原句 P26)It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.这意味着更多的热能将被困在大气层中，从而引起全球气温上升。归纳拓展(1)tend(to).照顾(2)tendency n趋向
16、；倾向(常与 to/towards 连用)a tendency to/towards 的倾向 基础训练单句语法填空Most students tend _(sleep)late on Sundays.She has a strong natural _(tend)to/towards caution.She had to stay at home _(tend)her sick mother.to sleeptendencyto tend能力提升完成句子(2018全国卷)很多人往往在不了解传统真正是什么的情况下就去谈论传统。Many people _ without knowing what
17、they really are.我们应该热情招待顾客。We should _.tend to talk about traditionstend on customers warmly5result in 导致(教材原句 P26)They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还赞同下述观点：正是由于越来越多的燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。归纳拓展(1)result from由产生(2)res
18、ultn结果as a result因此；结果as a result of作为的结果；由于without result无效地；毫无结果地 巧学助记result 短语荟萃微思考观察下列句子，找出 result in 的同义词。Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.It is widely believed that smoking may contribute to lung cancer.基础训练完成句子因此我们不得不给菜地浇水。_ we have to water the vegetable garden.由于大雪他迟到
19、了。He was late _ the heavy snow.农作物歉收导致了物价上涨。The crop failure _ a food price rise.许多疾病是缺少锻炼所致。Many illnesses _ lack of exercise.As a resultas a result ofresulted inresult from6oppose vt.反对；对抗；与(某人)较量(教材原句 P27)On the other hand，there are those,like George Hambley,who are opposed to this view and belie
20、ve that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.另一方面，还有一些人，像乔治汉布利，反对这种观点，他们认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。归纳拓展(1)opposedadj.反对的；对立的be opposed to doing sth.反对做某事(2)oppose sth./(ones)doing sth.反对/(某人)做oppose oneself to sth.反对oppose doing sth.反对做某事 基础训练句型转换/单句语法填空Peace-loveing people
21、are opposed to nuclear weapon.Peace-loveing people _ nuclear weapon.We oppose ourselves to her promotion to president.We _ her promotion to president.We _ her promotion to president.Environmental groups are _(oppose)to killing whales.His parents opposed his _(go)fishing alone.oppose themselves toare
22、 opposed toopposeopposedgoing7consequence n结果；后果；影响(教材原句 P27)They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences.他们预言说，变暖的情况不会很严重，对环境的坏影响也不会太大。归纳拓展(1)in consequence/as a consequence 结果in consequence of/as a consequence of 因为(2)consequent adj.作为结果的；随之发生的consequently adv
23、.所以；因而 名师指津(1)as a consequence 与 as a result 同义，意为“结果”，可以互换。(2)as a consequence of 与 as a result of 同义，意为“由于”表原因，可互换。基础训练单句语法填空_ a consequence of flood，people suffered a lot of losses._ consequence of flood，people suffered a lot of losses._ consequence，the force of gravity at the moons surface is on
24、ly one-sixth of that at the earths surface._(consequent)the force of gravity at the moons surface is only one-sixth of that at the earths surface.AsInInConsequently能力提升句型转换她被发现有罪，因而失去了工作。She was found guilty，and lost her job in consequence(of it)She was found guilty，and _ lost her job.因为雾该航班误点。The f
25、light was delayed as a consequence of fog.The flight was delayed _ fog.as a consequencein consequence of8build up 加强；增多；增强；体质；创建；开发；建立(教材原句 P27)Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.温室气体继续在大气层中聚集。一词多义写出下列 build up 的词义Im very glad to see that your vocabulary is gradually building up
26、._Tension between the two countries built up._You need nourishment and rest to build up your strength after your illness._Ross took 10 years to build up his business._逐渐增加(紧张关系)加剧增强体质创业语境串记他创办了一家非常成功的企业，现在又在练习中国功夫。在他看来，练习中国功夫不仅能强身健体，而且还能增强自信，磨炼性格。He has built up a very successful business.Now he is
27、practising Chinese kung fu.In his opinion，not only can it build up his body and strength，but build up his confidence and character.归纳拓展“动词up”型的其他短语：give up放弃turn up调高(音量)；出现put up提出(意见等)；搭建；张贴bring up抚养；提出(讨论等)；呕吐pick up拾起；学会；开车接；接收；好转show up出现set up建立；设立use up用完；用尽take up开始从事；占据；占用pack up收拾行李 基础训练用
28、“动词up”型短语完成句子(2018 湖 北 襄 阳 期 末)Cycling there is strongly recommended，because it helps to _(增强我们的体质)and get us refreshed.Please remove the table，for it _(占据)too much room.It is pretty hard for the woman to _(抚养)four children on her own.build us uptakes upbring up 1(教材原句 P26)There is no doubt that the
29、 earth is becoming warmer(see Graph 1)and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫无疑问，地球正在变暖(见表 1)，而且全球变暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。句型分析本句中 There is no doubt 后接了两个 that 引导的并列的同位语从句；第二个同位语从句中 it is human activity that.phenomenon是一个强调句，强调主语 human
30、 activity。归纳拓展There is no doubt that.是一个常用句式，意为“毫无疑问”，that 引导同位语从句，用于解释说明 doubt 的内容。There is no doubt that health is more important than wealth.毫无疑问，健康胜于财富。doubt 既可以作名词也可以作动词，意为“怀疑，不相信”。当其作名词后接同位语从句时，肯定句中用 whether 引导，否定句和疑问句用 that 引导。基础训练单句语法填空 There is no doubt _ you are bound to have an accident i
31、f you drive so fast down the motorway.There was no doubt _ it was in the supermarket _ I lost my wallet yesterday.There is still some doubt _ the autumn sports meeting will be held in our school，but there is no doubt _it will be held soon after our National Day holiday.thatthatthatwhetherthat能力提升完成句
32、子他是否是做这份工作的最佳人选，还有些疑问。_ he is the best man for the job.我相信他会克服这个困难的。I _ he will overcome the difficulty.There is some doubt whetherhave no doubt that2(教材原句 P26)All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earths temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal，natural gas
33、 and oil to produce energy.所有科学家都同意这种看法，即人们为了制造能量而燃烧诸如煤、天然气和石油这样的化石燃料，从而引起了地球温度的升高。句型分析本句是一个主从复合句，that the increase.energy 是 that 引导的同位语从句，解释说明 view 的内容。归纳拓展同位语从句(1)同位语从句是名词性从句的一种，在句中起同位语的作用，多出现在 fact，news，idea，doubt，thought，question，conclusion，promise，truth，report，possibility 等名词的后面。(2)引导同位语从句的连接词有
34、 that，whether，why，who，where，how，when 等。that，whether 在从句中不作成分，that 无实际意义，whether 表示“是否”；其他连接词具有实际意义，同时在从句中作一定成分。引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不省略。特别提醒(1)whether 可引导同位语从句，if 不引导同位语从句。whether有实际意义，但不在从句中充当句子成分。(2)有时，同位语从句和它所说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，这种同位语从句叫作分隔式同位语从句。He got a message from Mr.Green that the manager couldnt see him
35、 that afternoon.他从格林先生那儿得到消息经理那天下午不能见他。基础训练单句语法填空/单句改错(天 津 卷 改 编)The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.(2019江苏常州期中)Is it true that Aaron refused the offer from the University of Cambridge yesterday?Yeah，but I have no idea _ he did it;thats on
36、e of his favourite universities.thatwhyI have heard the news which you are recruiting(招聘)volunteers for the Winter Olympic Games to be held in 2022._We will have a discussion at tomorrows meeting if the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel._whichthatifwhether能力提升完成句子很多父母都持有这样的观点：青少
37、年不应该花太多时间上网。Many parents hold the view _.他还没有作出决定是否去那里。He hasnt made the decision _.谁适合干这项工作这一问题需要考虑。The question_ requires consideration.that teenagers shouldnt spendtoo much time onlinewhether he will go there who is fit to do the work 3(教材原句 P26)Some byproducts of this process are called“greenhou
38、se”gases，the most important one of which is carbon dioxide.在此过程中所产生的一些副产品就叫“温室”气体，其中最重要的一种就是二氧化碳。句型分析本句是主从复合句，其中 the most important one of which is carbon dioxide 是非限制性定语从句，which 指代“greenhouse”gases。the most important one of which 属于“名词/不定代词/数词 of which/whom”结构。归纳拓展“名词/不定代词/数词ofwhich/whom”结构1常用的不定代词
39、：all，none，both，neither，some，any，most 等。2数词：既可用基数词和序数词，也可用分数和百分数。3该结构可与“ofwhich/whom名词/不定代词/数词”结构互换。4关系词的选择：先行词指人时，用 whom；先行词指物时，用 which。基础训练单句改错/单句语法填空(江苏卷改编)Many young people，most of them were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams._(重庆卷改编)He wrote many childrens books，nearly
40、 half of whom were published in the 1990s._(浙江卷改编)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of _ has been proved.themwhomwhomwhichwhich(2019江苏盐城模考)By December 2017，the number of Chinese netizens reached 772 million，of _ 753 million surfed the Internet via mobile ph
41、ones.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each of _ uses it differently.John invited about 40 people to his wedding，most of _ are family members.whomwhichwhom能力提升完成句子他提到了一本书，书名我忘记了。He mentioned a book，_Ive forgotten.我想向你推荐西游记和三国演义，这两本书都是名著。I would like to recommend Journey to the
42、 West and The Romanceof Three Kingdoms to you，_ are famous masterpieces.the title of which(of which the title)both of which(of which both)这位老人有三个女儿，其中两个是老师。The old man has three daughters，_ are teachers.我们学校大约有 200 位教师，其中百分之三十是男教师。In our school there are about 200 teachers，_ are men.two of whom(of w
43、hom two)thirty percent of whom(of whom thirty percent)随堂练 固基础 夯根基5 随堂训练.单词拼写1Tea only made its way to England in large q_ in the first years of the 17th century.2Our football match was cancelled in c_ of the heavy rain.3I dont s_ to the view that girls are slower than boys in middle school.uantities
44、onsequenceubscribe4 Knowing that most people present were strongly o_ to his idea，he felt disappointed.5Bobs lectures covered a fairly wide _(范围)and I cant sum up what he said in a few sentences.6 (2019 江 苏 南 通 期 末)From the _(数 据)collected，it seems that the things that cause us to lose the most slee
45、p，on average，are sporting events，time changes，and holidays.pposedrangedata7The recent flood in the south was a _(大灾难)8(2019浙江宁波期末)We often have to make small talk withcomplete strangers.Many people find such small talk about _(随意的)topics difficult.9A rainbow is a natural _(现象)especially after a heav
46、y rain.catastropherandomphenomenon.完成句子1(2019湖北襄阳五中期末考试)高中学生如此繁忙以至于即使有户外体育活动的兴趣也没有时间去参加。(even if)Senior high school students are so busy that they have no time for outdoor sports activities，_.2与太阳相比，地球非常小。(省略句；compare)_ the sun，the earth is rather small.3毫无疑问，地球的温度在逐年上升。(doubt)_ the temperature of t
47、he earth is increasing year by year.even if they have the interestWhen compared withThere is no doubt that4(2019湖北襄阳四中期末考试)我认为他们不会赞同老一辈的价值观。(subscribe)I dont think they will _ the values of the older generation.5如果你们想在即将来临的国庆节出去旅游的话，就应该尽可能快地完成这个任务。(as.as one can)If you want to go out for traveling d
48、uring the coming National Day，you should finish the task _.subscribe toas soon as you can.课文语法填空Sophie Armstrong explores how global warming has come about and 1._ it matters，because it is a rapid increase when 2._(compare)to other natural changes.Its human activity 3._ has caused this global warmin
49、g.Dr.Janice Foster explains that even if greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon，we add huge 4._(quantity)of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels.From the second graph and 5._(discover)of Charles Keeling，all scientists believe that the burning of more and more fossil fu
50、els has resulted 6._the increase in carbon dioxide.However，the attitudes of scientists towards the rise are 7._(complete)different.On the one hand，Dr Fosterthinks that any trend in which the temperature increases by 5 degrees would be a catastrophe.On the other hand，there are those，like George Hambl
51、ey，who 8._(oppose)to the view.He states that more carbon dioxide would encourage a 9._(great)range of animals and bring us a better life.The climate is going to keep on 10._(warm)for decades or centuries，but no one knows the effects of global warming.答案：1.whether pared 3.that 4.quantities5discovery 6.in pletely 8.are opposed 9.greater10warmingword部分：请做：6课时作业练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块
