1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 5First aidLearning about Language语法精讲探究学习省略观察并体会上面的对话, 根据提示完成句子1. If possible (如果可能的话), discuss what kind of first aid you should give in these situations. 2. Turn white when pressed(press). 3. To do this, he told me
2、to be more aggressive and, if necessary (如果有必要的话), to be rude to his teammates. 4. While ironing(iron) clothes, Miss Good accidentally touched the iron. 在英语语言中, 为了使语言简洁明了, 突出重点或使上下文紧密相连, 可以省去某些句子成分而句子意思保持不变, 这种语言现象称为省略。常见的省略情况有以下几种: 一、简单句中的省略1. 省略主语。(1)祈使句的主语通常被省略。*(You)Send your works to welcome201
3、9163. com before December 29th. 把你的作品在12月29号前发送至邮箱welcome2019163. com。(2)其他省略主语常限于习惯说法。*(I)Thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home. 感谢你邀请我去你家吃晚餐。2. 省略谓语。*(Does) Anybody need help? 有人需要帮忙吗? 3. 省略宾语。*Have you made the decision? 你做好决定了吗? I havent made (the decision). 我还没做决定。4. 省略主语和谓语(或谓语的
4、一部分), 只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。*(Are you) Tired? 累了吗? *(You come) This way, please. 请这边走。5. 省略表语。*Are you ready? 你准备好了吗? Yes, I am (ready). 是的, 我准备好了。6. There be句型的省略。*(There is ) Nothing to worry about. 没什么好担忧的。7. 感叹句中的省略。*What a meaningful and unforgettable experience(Ive got)! 这是一次多么有意义且难忘的经历啊! 写出下面句子中的省
5、略成分。(1)Wish you all the best! (I)(2)Must be some mistakes, I think. (There)(3)Do you know Mr Li? I dont know. (him)(4)Have a drink? (Will you)(5)What a wonderful day! (it is)二、并列句中的省略两个并列分句中, 后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。*(2020浙江高考)You have to organize the activities of the children and (you have to) take ca
6、re of the bills and groceries. 你需要组织孩子们的活动, 并负责账单和杂货。*Wise men have their mouth in their heart, and fools (have) their heart in their mouth. 智者嘴在心里, 蠢人心在嘴边。写出省略的部分(1)The scenery was beautiful, and the acting superb. (was)(2)Hope you could come to China again and have a wonderful time with us. (I, yo
7、u)(3) I study at college and my sister at high school. (studies)(4)I cant see you today, but I can tomorrow. (see you)三、复合句中的省略1. 状语从句的省略。在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中, 如果从句和主句的主语一致或从句主语为it, 且从句谓语为be动词时, 可省略从句的主语和be动词。(1)从属连词+形容词。*I try to offer some advice to my friends when(it is) necessary. 必要的时候, 我会尽力给朋友们提
8、供一些建议。*Though(they are) hard to maintain, green spaces in cities bring abundant rewards. 尽管难以保持, 城市绿地会带来丰厚的回报。*If(it is)possible, I hope to apply for University College London after graduation. 如果可能的话, 我希望毕业后申请伦敦大学。(2)从属连词+副词。*While(he is)there, Miguel has an unforgettable and adventurous night. 在那里
9、的时候, Miguel度过了难忘而又惊险的一夜。(3)从属连词+名词。*Though (he is) a young man, he has made several inventions. 虽然年轻, 但是他已经有好几项发明了。(4)从属连词+介词短语。*(2019天津高考)While(we were) on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. 在陆地上的时候, 我们杀死了像狼这样的大型食肉动物。(5)从属连词+现在分词。*(2019全国卷)It is impossible not to talk about China a
10、s the leading player when discussing fashion. 在谈论时尚的时候, 不可能不提到作为引领者的中国。(6)从属连词+过去分词。*If (I am) given the opportunity, Ill be glad to work for our city and surely devoted to the job. 如果被给予这次机会, 我将很高兴为我们的城市工作, 并致力于这个工作。(7)从属连词+动词不定式。*He wouldnt solve the difficult problem even if (he were) to take cha
11、rge. 即使他来负责, 也解决不了这个难题。省略句中非谓语动词的选用要根据动词和主语的逻辑关系: 主动关系现在分词; 被动关系过去分词; 尚未发生动词不定式【知识延伸】当虚拟语气用于状语从句时, 若条件状语从句中有were, had, should时, 可省略if, 把它们提至句首, 形成倒装句。*If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. =Were I a teacher, I would be strict with my students. 如果我是一位老师, 我会对学生严格要求。*If he had follow
12、ed my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. =Had he followed my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. 如果他采纳我的建议, 他就不会失去工作了。*If your computer should break down within the first year, we would repair it for free. =Should your computer break down within the first year, we would repair it for free. 如果你的
13、电脑在第一年内出毛病, 我们将免费维修。用省略句完成句子。(1)(2019北京高考)While working, I realised how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun. 工作的时候, 我意识到烈日炎炎之下在田地里劳作是多么辛苦。(2)If convenient, could you please send us the detailed arrangement of all the activities? 如果方便的话, 您能发给我们所有活动的详细安排吗? (3)As instructed, we covered ou
14、r mouths and noses with wet towels. 按照指示, 我们用湿毛巾捂住了嘴和鼻子。(4)If so, well find that online shopping has more advantages than disadvantages. 如果这样的话, 我们将会发现网上购物的优点多于缺点。2. 宾语从句的省略。(1)由which, when, where, how 和 why 引导的宾语从句, 若从句中表达的内容与主句内容重复, 可将其省略, 仅保留疑问词。*You were late again, and I hope you will explain w
15、hy (you were late again). 你又迟到了, 我希望你能解释一下为什么。(2)在that引导的宾语从句中, 可省略引导词that; 若两个或两个以上的that引导的宾语从句作动词的宾语, 只能省略第一个引导词that。*Im sorry to learn (that) you didnt do well in that exam and that you are very worried about your study. 很抱歉得知你考试不理想, 并且你对自己的学习很担忧。(3)suggest, insist, order, require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接
16、的名词性从句中, 谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”, should可以省略。*(2019北京高考) I suggest that you (should) begin from Beijing, and Ill show you around. 我建议你从北京开始, 我会领着你参观。(4)为了避免重复前面所说过的内容, 替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。可与believe, do, expect, fear, guess, hope, say, speak, suppose, think, Im afraid等连用。so表示赞同前述的事实, not表示不赞同前述的事实。*80
17、% of the students think it necessary to read English classics, while 20% of the students dont think so. 80%的学生认为阅读英文经典是必要的, 而20%的学生不这样认为。3. 定语从句的省略。(1)关系代词that, which, who, whom 在限制性定语从句中作宾语, 前无介词时可省略。*You are a special teacher (whom) I will always remember forever. 你是一位特别的老师, 我将永远记住您。*She listens a
18、ttentively and tries to catch everything (that) the teacher says in class. 她听得很认真, 并且尽力记住老师在课堂上所说的每一句话。(2)在定语从句中way作先行词, 且在句中充当方式状语时, 可省略引导定语从句的关系代词。*(2019浙江高考)However, when she hung up, she regretted the way(that/in which) she had handled the call. 然而, 当她挂断电话的时候, 她对接电话的方式感到后悔了。用省略句完成句子。(1)All (that
19、) I saw and experienced left a lasting impression on me. 所有我看到和体验到的给我留下了持久的印象。(2)The doctor suggested that I (should)stay in bed for three days. 医生建议我卧床三天。(3)More importantly, there are teachers online (whom) you can turn to for help. 更为重要的是, 有在线老师供你求助。四、动词不定式的省略1. 当主语中有实义动词do的某种形式时, 作表语的不定式可省略to。*W
20、hat we are supposed to do is (to)help prepare for the Spring Festival. 我们应该做的就是帮忙为春节做准备。2. 两个或多个不定式短语表示并列关系时, 后面不定式短语的不定式符号to通常被省略; 如果表示对比关系, 则不定式中的不定式符号to通常要保留。*If you want to improve your English and (to)make your life more colorful, join us! 如果你想提高你的英语, 并使你的生活更丰富多彩, 加入我们吧! *I havent decided wheth
21、er to go camping or to stay at home. 我还没决定是去露营还是待在家里。3. 感官动词see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, listen to等以及使役动词let, make, have之后作宾语补足语的不定式要省略to, 但是用于被动时, to要保留。*I heard her sing an English song just now. 刚才我听到她唱了一首英文歌。*Taking a train makes people have enough time to get to know a lot of new fr
22、iends. 坐火车使人有足够的时间去认识一些新朋友。*Tom was made to wait for half an hour. 汤姆被迫等了半个小时。4. 若前面出现过相同的动词, 后面的不定式常省略动词原形, 而不定式符号to应该保留。*I asked him to stay here, but he refused to (stay). 我让他留在这里, 但是他拒绝了。【知识延伸】(1)如果不定式符号to后有have或be动词时, 则需保留。*Though Jack isnt a driver, he used to be (a driver). 虽然杰克现在不是司机, 但他曾经是。
23、*Did you watch the movie last night? 你昨晚去看电影了吗? Id like to have (watched the movie), but a friend came to visit me. 我本来想去, 但一个朋友来拜访我。(2)动词不定式在动词believe, find, think, feel, consider, imagine, prove等后作宾语补足语时, to be+n. /adj. 中的to be可以省略。 *I consider him (to be) lazy. 我认为他懒。 *His mother found him (to be
24、) a clever boy. 他母亲发觉他是一个很聪明的男孩。(3)在cannot but, cannot choose but, cannot help but之后的动词不定式一般不带to; but之前有实义动词do的某种形式do, does, did, done 时, 也不带to, 否则要带to。*We have nothing to do now but wait. 我们现在除了等没有别的事可做。 *He has no choice but to accept the fact. 除了接受这个事实他别无选择。(1)语法填空。Someone was heard to come (come
25、) up the stairs. I have nothing to do but get (get) up the courage to cope with my new situation. I had no other choice but to try(try) sending them a text message in class. (2)You can take a bus or subway to nearly anywhere you want to. 你可以坐公交或地铁到你想去的任何地方。五、介词的省略1. 英语中某些短语或句式中的介词常省略, 常用短语有: be busy
26、 (in) doing sth. , prevent/stop sb. /sth. (from) doing sth. , waste time (in) doing sth. , have a good/hard time (in) doing sth. 等; 常用句式有: spend time/money (in) doing sth. , have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. , Its no use/good (in) doing sth. 等。*On the one hand, I am busy(in) preparing for the
27、coming exams. 一方面, 我忙于为即将到来的考试做准备。*I wonder if you could give me some advice because I have trouble (in )studying English. 我想知道你是否可以给我一些建议, 因为我学英语有困难。2. 表示时间的介词at, on和in在next, last, this, these, yesterday, every等词之前, 一般可以省略。*There will be a Beijing opera performance held in a theater this weekend. 这
28、个周末将有一场京剧表演在剧院举行。*I expect (that) you will come and enjoy the festival next year. 我期望你明年能来享受这个节日。【知识延伸】在表达“阻止某人做某事”时, 若用动词prevent和stop, 介词from可以省略; 但若用keep, from则不能省略。如果这三个动词用于被动语态, 那么from都不能省略。* You can look into the case and take some measures to prevent such things (from) happening again. 你可以调查一下
29、这个情况, 并采取一些措施阻止这种事情再次发生。(1)语法填空。Its hard to prevent them using(use) the Internet for recreation. During the summer vacation, I had a good time staying (stay) in the countryside with my grandparents. Ill spend more time talking(talk) with my family about my study. (2)As you know, CRH has developed ra
30、pidly these years in China. 正如你知道的那样, 这些年中国高铁发展迅速。课时检测素养达标学. 写出句子中省略掉的内容1. When shopping, we should bring our own reusable shopping bags. (we are)2. John won the first race and Jimmy the second. (won)3. I promise to do all I can to help them. (that)4. Bob is a lawyer and his wife a cleaner. (is)5. M
31、ost of the students will go to their classmates or friends when in trouble. (they are)6. She was fond of swimming when yet a child. (she was)7. As scheduled, we have an English Talent Show today. (it is)8. The man you met just now is my old friend. (whom)9. Some believe governments will control gene
32、 technology. (that)10. Dont waste time doing useless things. (in). 完成句子1. It is natural that beginners make mistakes while writing(write). 2. When offered (offer) help, one often says“Thank you” or “Its kind of you”. 3. I suggested that the activity should be held(hold) every day. 4. Thanks for your
33、 encouragement; if not, I wouldnt have realized my dream. 5. What do you think made Mary so upset? Losing (lose) her new bicycle. 6. We realized that when faced(face) with danger, you should stay calm. 7. How are you getting on with your work? Oh, Im sorry. Things arent going well as planned (plan).
34、 8. I feel it a duty to offer my help whenever you meet with difficult language points while studying (study) Chinese. 9. Nothing can prevent me achieving (achieve) my goal. 10. It is suggested that activities (should) be conducted(conduct) in a wider variety of forms. 使用本单元学习的知识补全短文In San Francisco
35、, I had this amazing experience. 1. While waiting for the bus (在等公共汽车的时候), I saw a homeless person, he said to me “2. If possible (如果可能的话), could you buy a cup of hot coffee for me? ” 3. I didnt what to do (我不知道该怎么办), but I ran across the street to get him a cup of hot coffee anyway. 4. When approaching him (当走近他的时候), I could see the joy in his eyes. When I handed him the hot coffee, I simply said “5. Nothing to worry about (没什么好担忧的). ” I could see so much joy in his face and even a tear. - 15 - 版权所有高考资源网
