1、polar adj.penguin nAntarctica nrainfall ngravity ninhospitable adj.flower vmoss nalgae nlichen nmeteorite nextraterrestrial adj.rivalry ntreaty ncommercial adj.nuclear adj.radioactive adj.via prep.lifeboat ncrew nvoyage ndrift vceremonial adj.glacier nmagnetic adj.glare nintense adj.sunglasses nsunc
2、ream nsevere adj.eyesight nsunburnt adj.minus prep.numb adj.frost nclothing nportable adj.pure adj.millimetre nsunrise nsunset ndaylight nisolated adj.aircraft npowder nminimum adj.&n.luxury ncosy adj.dormitory ncanteen nstock vlaundry nconventional adj.drill nsnap vtricky adj.fragile adj.battery ne
3、cology ndelicate adj.trader nspice njewel nbefriend vtale nlegendary adj.reliability nobscure adj.intimate adj.inhabit vspaghetti ninsight n1(2020全国卷)Hunters bring in more than 300，000 nutria tails a year, so part of Moutons job these days is trying to promote fur. 促销2(2020浙江卷)Researchers from the U
4、niversity of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. 一系列3(2018天津卷)A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. 操练单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用1state n状态；状况2trap v储存，
5、留存3mass n块，堆，团4balance v使平衡5test n试验6tiresome adj.烦人的；令人讨厌的7platform n平台8modest adj.不很昂贵的；适中的9emergency n紧急情况；突发事情10privilege n荣幸用所给词的适当形式填空。1(2020全国卷)In Asia, messaging platforms(platform) are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 2(2020新高考全国卷)The tests(tes
6、t) show that the social environment is extremely influential when were making decisions.3(2020江苏卷)Local organizations can adopt them for 1 pound, and install defibrillators to help in emergencies(emergency)4Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people tra
7、pped(trap) in powerless highrise buildings.5The more learned a man is, the more modest(modest) he usually becomes.派生单词语境运用1explore v探索；勘探explorer n探险者exploration n探险；(对某地区的)勘查2annual adj.每年的annually adv.每年地；一年一度地3deep adj.& adv.深的；深深地depth n深度deeply adv.强烈地；深刻地deepen v加深；深化4extreme adj. 极端的，极度的extre
8、mely adv.极端地，极其；非常5promote v促进，增进promotion n晋级；增进 6depress v使沮丧depressing adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的depressed adj.沮丧的；抑郁的depression n沮丧；不景气，萧条(期)7discourage v阻止；打消的念头discouraging adj.令人沮丧的discouraged adj.灰心的；沮丧的8inspire v鼓舞；激励inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的inspired adj.富有灵感的inspiration n鼓舞；启示；灵感用所给词的适当形式填空。1Listenin
9、g to his inspiring speech, we were inspired to make great efforts.It gave us not only hope but also inspiration(inspire)2The lake is over 20 meters in depthSo we were all moved deeply by the man who dived deep into the lake to save the boy.(deep)3From his discouraged look, I judged he wasnt hired, w
10、hich was really discouragingBut I still encouraged him to go to other companies to try his fortune.(discourage)4We launched a big advertising campaign to promote our new toothpaste, and the promotion succeeded at last.In return for our efforts, all the staff in our department were promoted(promote)5
11、On hearing the depressing news, he felt depressed and soon got into a state of depression(depress)6A team of explorers will explore the valley and the exploration will last 10 days.(explore) 短语理解运用高频短语语境运用1adapt (to) (使)适应2in case of 如果；假使 3break up 打碎；解体；分开4in detail 详细地 5keep ones promise 信守诺言 6in
12、 charge of 负责；掌管 7come up with 想出；提出选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。When Mr. Zhang was young, he promised that he would help those most in need of help.Now, he keeps his promiseHe is in charge of a food factory.Once he went to the poorest area of the country, he was shocked at what he had seen there.After that, he ca
13、me up with an idea that he would donate as much food as he could to the people there.8set foot on 进入，到达；踏上9on average 平均10be fond of 喜欢 11in the form of 以的形式 12come into sight 进入视野，看得见13stand out 引人注目，突出，显眼 14in particular 尤其，特别选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。The moment we set foot on the beach, the magnificent view
14、came into sight.In particular, a huge sand sculpture stood out from the numerous other sculptures.Youd better keep your kids close if you go there with your children, because therere so many people from all over the country that nobody can move fast.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1现在分词短语作结果状语。A high mountain ran
15、ge, the TransAntarctic range, runs from east to west, cutting the continent in two.雪下了一周，造成了整个地区好几起严重的交通事故。The snow lasted a week, resulting in several serious traffic accidents in the whole area.2.not until置于句首，主句要部分倒装。Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the An
16、tarctic Circle, but he never saw land.直到考试不及格我才意识到已经浪费了很多时间。Not until I failed in the exam did I realize how much time I had wasted.3.the first/second./the only/last/形容词最高级 名词 to doThen in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland.她总是第一
17、个到办公室并最后一个离开的人，我认为这就是她这么快得到晋升的原因。She is always the first person to come to the office and the last to leave, which I think is why she has been promoted so quickly.1trap v储存；留存；设陷阱捕捉；使陷入困境 n陷阱；圈套；诡计；埋伏(1)be/get trapped in 被困在trap sb.into (doing)sth.诱骗某人(做)某事(2)fall into/be caught in a trap 掉进陷阱；落入圈套s
18、et/lay a trap for 为设圈套be trapped in the burning house 被困在着火的房子里be trapped into accepting the terms of the contract 被诱骗接受这份合同的条款walk into the trap laid for him 走进为他设的陷阱基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错(2018北京卷)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped(trap) in the mountains for two days.
19、The shopkeeper trapped me into buying(buy) their poor quality milk.The rescue team tried their best to rescue those miners trapping under the mine. trappingtrapped链接写作一句多译因为被困在了电梯里，他上学迟到了。Because he was trapped in the lift, he was late for school.(状语从句)Trapped in the lift, he was late for school.(过去
20、分词短语作状语)联想发散 表示“被困在中”的短语还有：be/get stuck in；be/get blocked in等。2promote v增进，促进；提升；宣传，推广，推销(商品等)高考原句2019天津卷All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history.(1)promote sb.(from sth.) to sth.把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位prom
21、ote sth.to .把某物推销给be/get promoted 得到提升(2)promotion n提升，晋级，促进get/win/gain promotion 获得晋级has promoted the quality of life 提升了生活质量promote the development of the local economy 促进当地经济的发展wait for the opportunity to get promoted 等待晋升的机会基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错(2019北京卷)All our projects aim to promote(promote) the de
22、velopment of poor and remote communities.Pupils who pass the test will be promoted to the next higher grade.Sharing sports with others may increase the possibility of promoting to your friendship. 去掉to链接写作词汇升级普通表达：After many years of hard work, Jack got a higher position in the large company.高级表达：Af
23、ter many years of hard work, Jack got promoted/promotion in the large company.3discourage v阻止；打消的念头高考原句2018江苏卷Meanwhile, things that you might expect to discourage spending “bad” tables, crowding, high prices dont necessarily.(1)discourage sb.from doing sth.劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心(2)discouraged adj.沮丧的
24、，灰心丧气的discouraging adj.令人泄气的；令人沮丧的(3)encourage v鼓励encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事discourage him from climbing the mountain 阻止他爬山not let any failures discourage you 不让任何失败使你灰心丧气encourage their children to overcome difficulties 鼓励他们的孩子克服困难基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错(2020天津卷)How should you start? Modestly, so as no
25、t to become discouraged(discourage). I think of one friend who couldnt arrange flowers to satisfy herself. (2018全国卷)The government encourages farmers to grow(grow) corn instead of rice to improve water quality. Yet instead of discouraged by my slow progress, I was excited. discouraged前加being链接写作词汇升级
26、普通表达：Both teachers and parents should tell students not to play computer games too much, which affects their studies and health.高级表达：Both teachers and parents should discourage students from playing computer games too much, which affects their studies and health.4in case of 假使；以防in case 假使；如果，万一in t
27、his/that case 如果是这样/那样的话in any case 无论如何，总之in no case 决不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)as is often the case 这是常有的事in case of emergency 在紧急情况下in case you might fall off 以防你掉下去in case anything else unusual happened 以防其他意外发生基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错(2019江苏卷)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need
28、medical assistance.In that case, eat before the flight, or an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping.There is no simple answer, which is often the case in science. whichas链接写作句式升级普通表达：He may win the competition.In this case，he is likely to get into the national team.高级表达：He may win the competi
29、tion, in which case he is likely to get into the national team(定语从句)5(教材P3)Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。句型公式not until时间/时间状语从句置于句首时，句子/主句要用部分倒装，即：“Not until时间/时间状语从句助动词/系动词/
30、情态动词句子/主句主语其他成分”，意为“直到才”(until后面的从句不倒装)。(1)not.until/till.“直到才”，该句型中主句的谓语动词通常为非延续性动词，强调主句所表示的动作或情景一直到until/till所表示的时间才发生。(2)until/till用于肯定句中，主句的谓语动词通常为延续性动词，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。(3)not.until.的强调句型： It was/is not until.that.金句推送Not until recently did they encourage the development of tour
31、ist related activities in the rural areas.直到近来他们才鼓励农村地区旅游相关活动的发展。基础练习单句语法填空/单句改错(2017北京卷)If you dont understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until/till you figure it out.Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully rec
32、ognized.(2020全国卷)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove, I waited patiently unless the oil was hot. unlessuntil/till链接写作句式升级普通表达：He didnt begin to know how important the family was for him until he left his home.高级表达：Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important t
33、he family was for him.(倒装句)高级表达：It was not until he left his home that he knew how important the family was for him.(强调句型)夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式填空。1Dont be discouraged(discourage) by the first failure try again!2His rapid promotion(promote) caused much bad feeling among his colleagues.3The firefighters
34、were trying to rescue those trapped(trap) in the burning hotel.4She is giving lectures in London to promote(promote) her new book.5Parents should encourage their children to overcome(overcome) difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1Ill be out for some time.In case anyth
35、ing happens, call me up immediately.2Not until he had failed in the job interview did he realize how important confidence was.3We tried to discourage him from climbing the mountain without a guide.4The old man was trapped into buying a secondhand TV set.5Because of his good performance, he was soon
36、promoted to a higher position.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。1It is encouraged that many young athletes are coming into the team. encouragedencouraging2Take the power bank with you, in case of your telephone goes dead without power. 去掉of3It was not until the next day when I found out the truth. whenthat4Trapping i
37、n the thick snow, the truck couldnt move a bit. TrappingTrapped5He got rapidly promotion, and ended up as a manager. rapidlyrapid或promotionpromoted查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确形式填空。1Tu Youyou is the first woman in China to win(win) the Nobel Prize.2There was a depressing(depress) feeling in the office when the n
38、ews of job cuts was announced.3It is said that the exhibition is held annually(annual)4Inspired(inspire) by the speech, the little girl made up her mind to work even harder.5It is extremely(extreme) cold outside, so youd better put on more clothes if you go out. .在空白处填入一个适当的词。1Its a privilege for me
39、 to say a few words on this special occasion. 2They were filled with joy when they set feet on the beautiful land.3She is in a poor state of health, which worries her mother much.4She studied very hard in the college and stood out among the students. 5After he had explained it to me in detail, I rea
40、lized that I was wrong.强技提能语言应用.语法填空Antarctica is a very, very cold place, where the temperature is between minus 21 in the summer and minus 78 in the winter.The glare of the sunlight is very intense, so if one goes out, he must wear sunglasses and use suncream 1to protect(protect) his eyesight and
41、skin. Whats more, the 2.absence(absent) of daylight lasts 182 days, making life there abnormal, 3.tiresome(tire) and depressing.Also, the extreme cold and different depths of glaciers in Antarctica make 4.it an inhospitable place, but there are still some plants and 5.masses(mass) of penguins, flyin
42、g birds, seals, and so on. They have adapted 6to the special environment. Gases and minerals 7trapped(trap) in the ice attract many 8.explorers(explorer). To prevent the mercial(commerce) and military use of Antarctica and to keep it free from nuclear tests and radioactive waste, a treaty was made.
43、In fact, its 10.a privilege for man to inhabit on it, so we ought to befriend Antarctica.书面表达Step 1要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)据说，由于曾经接受过特殊训练，在众多志愿者中表现突出，李明被晋升为一支探险队的队长。It is said that Li Ming was promoted to the leader of an expedition as he once had special training and stood out in many volunteers.李明幸运地
44、成为首批去南极的大学生探险者。Li Ming luckily became one of the first college students explorers to go to the Antarctica.刚开始踏上南极时，他很不适应那儿的环境。At the beginning when he set foot on the Antarctica, he didnt adapt to the conditions there.曾经有一次他和队友们遇到了紧急情况，被困在暴风雪中，在零下30度的野外几乎失去知觉。Once he and his teammates met with an em
45、ergency where they were trapped in a snowstorm.They were almost numb at minus 30 in the open air.他意识到无论如何不能灰心丧气，以防有人在那儿丢了性命。He realized that he was in no case discouraged in case someone lost his life there.最终他们得救了。At last，they were savedStep 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)(1)用形容词作伴随状语改写句Once he and his tea
46、mmates met with an emergency where they were trapped in a snowstorm, almost numb at minus 30 in the open air.(2)用部分倒装改写句He realized that in no case was he discouraged in case someone lost his life there.Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)It is said that Li Ming was promoted to the leader of an expedition a
47、s he once had special training and stood out in many volunteers.As a result Li Ming luckily became one of the first college students explorers to go to the Antarctica.At the beginning when he set foot on the Antarctica, he didnt adapt to the conditions there.Once he and his teammates met with an emergency where they were trapped in a snowstorm, almost numb at minus 30 in the open air.At that time he realized that in no case was he discouraged in case someone lost his life there.At last, they were saved.
