1、十六 Unit 6 Starting out&Understanding ideas【语用训练】.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Which platform is _(steady),Taobao or Pinduoduo?2.It is hard to adapt to _(Tibet)climate and air pressure.3.The current situation of the family is due to the traffic accident three years ago,which caused a _(mass)loss to them.4.What is th
2、e matter with the guy,who has been _(wander)for two hoursby now?steadierTibetanmassivewandering5.He must have got something fine,because he has been smiling _(leisure)for a long time.6.How much do you know about Miss Zhang,who is a slim and _(delicate)looking TV presenter?7.How many _(landmark)can y
3、ou mark out on the new silk road?8.The great wall is a wonder in the world which _(wind)among the mountainsof northern China.leisurelydelicatelandmarkswinds.选词填空catch ones eye;be about to;thanks to;work on;overcome the challenges of;above sea level;reach out;bring.to life;be located at;at ones leisu
4、re1.Maybe you can teach me how to _a computer someday.2.These old men and women usually go to dance _.3.The accident happened as the jet _ take off.4.If we keep that spirit alive,then I know that we will _ our time.work onat their leisurewas about toovercome the challengesof5.The moment a tourist en
5、ters the forest,one amazing view after another will _.6.The Museum _the edge of the airfield.In general,exhibits are ingood condition.7.Mount Everest,located at the border between China and Nepal,is 8848.86meters _,the highest peak in the world.8.Let us _our hands to catch a falling leaf and write o
6、ur words on it.catchhis eyeis located atabove sea levelreach out9.His aim,in which he succeeds proudly,is to _ the culture of the time_.10._his assistance,we got out of the dark cave safely.bringto lifeThanks to.完成句子1.We can see _after suffering a disaster,which will help usrecognize true friendship
7、.经历一场灾难以后,我们可以看出谁更在乎我们。灾难可以帮助我们辨别真正的友谊。2._,I locked my pet before answering thedoor.知道你害怕狗,我在开门之前把我的宠物锁上了。who cares for us moreKnowing that you are afraid of dogs3.I _if I keep it up,but its hard to get enoughdetermination.我知道如果坚持下去我肯定能成功,但是很难有足够的决心。4.We _for a long period,but up to now,there has be
8、en nosign of possibility.我们已经尝试了很久。但是,到目前为止,还没有可能的迹象。5.Ecosystem is _that its necessary for us all to offer a devotion.生态系统太难维持了,所以我们都有必要出一份力。am aware that I am to succeedhave been attemptingso hard to keep【主题阅读】.阅读理解A(2021南昌高二检测)The light from the campfire brightened the darkness,but it could not p
9、revent the damp cold of Denniss Swamp(沼泽地)creeping into their bones.It was a strange place.Martin and Tom wished that they had not accepted Jacks dare.They liked camping,but not near this swamp.“So,”Martin asked as they sat watching the hot coals.“How did this placeget its name?”“Are you sure you wa
10、nt to hear it?Its a scary story,”warned Jack.“Of course!”cried out Tom.“If there were anything to be scared of,youwouldnt have chosen this place!”“OK,but dont say I didnt warn you,”said Jack,and he began this tale.“Way back in time,a man called Dennis tried to start a farm here.He built thatcottage
11、over there to live in.In those days,the area looked quite differentit wascovered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river.After three hardyears,Dennis had cleared several fields and planted crops.He was so proud of hissuccess that he refused to listen to advice.“You are clearing too m
12、uch land,”warned one old man.“The land is a livingthing.It will hit back at you if you abuse it.”“Silly fool,”said Dennis to himself.“If I clear more land,I can grow morecrops.Ill become wealthier.Hes just jealous!”“Dennis continued to chop down trees.Small animals that relied on them forfood and sh
13、elter were destroyed.He was so eager to expand his farm that he did notnotice the river flowing slowly towards his door.He did not notice salt seeping(渗透)to the surface of the land.He did not notice swamp plants choking all the nativeplants.”“What happened?”Martin asked.It was growing colder.He trem
14、bled,twisting his body closer to the fire.“The land hit back just as the old man warned,”Jack shrugged.“Dennisdisappeared.Old folks around here believe that swamp plants moved up from theriver and dragged him underwater.His body was never found.”“What a stupid story,”laughed Tom.“Plants cant.”Before
15、 he had finishedspeaking,he screamed and fainted.The other two boys jumped up with fright,staring at Tom.Suddenly,they burst out laughing.Some green swamp ivy(常春藤)had covered Toms face.It was a while before Tom could appreciate the joke.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一块地是如何受到Dennis过度开发而变成沼泽地的,同时也告诉我们贪多必失的道理。1.Th
16、e underlined word“dare”in Paragraph 1 is closed in meaning to _.A.courage B.assistanceC.instructionD.challenge【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“The light from the campfire.It was a strange place.”(来自篝火的光这是一个奇怪的地方。)可知,Martin和 Tom希望他们没有接受Jack的这个挑战。故画线单词意为挑战。2.Why did Tom scream and faint?A.He saw Denniss shadow.B.
17、He was scared by a plant.C.His friends played a joke on him.D.The weather became extremely cold.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Some green swamp ivy hadcovered Toms face.”一些绿色的常青藤遮住了Tom的脸。可知,Tom尖叫和晕倒的原因是他被常春藤吓到了。3.What lesson can we learn from the story of Dennis?A.Grasp all,lose all.B.No sweat,no sweet.C.He
18、who makes no mistakes makes nothing.D.It is no use crying over spilt milk.【解析】选A。推理判断题。纵观全文可知,Dennis不顾一切地垦荒和对种植更多庄稼的贪婪之心,结局却是被水中植物拽入水中,一无所得。B(2021邢台高二检测)Global warming is the increase of the earths average surface temperature due to the effect of greenhouse gases,for example,carbon dioxide,which tra
19、p heat thatwould otherwise escape from the earth.After the trees are cut down and more greenhouse gases are released,the“blanket”around the earth called the ozone layer(臭氧层),will get thicker.This catches more heat and makes the earth hotter.Luckily,there are many things that every citizen of the ear
20、th can do to help reduce the effects of global warming,and its never too late or too early for children to take action.The children should learn what a carbon footprint is.A carbon footprint is theamount of carbon and greenhouse gases people make as they lead the daily life andgo about the normal ac
21、tivities.In other words,the carbon footprint is a measure ofthe environmental impact(冲击)the life has.To live an environmentally friendlylife that doesnt contribute to global warming,people want to have the smallestcarbon footprint possible.Almost everything people do contributes to global warming an
22、d is related tofossil fuel consumption.These can be direct uses of fossil fuels,like riding in agasoline-powered car,or indirect contributions to greenhouse gases,such as eatingfruit or vegetables that had to be shipped from far way to reach their tables.If a child wants to make a contribution to re
23、ducing global warming,he shouldride a bicycle to the near park,school,his friends house,or anywhere else insteadof taking the car.Or he may try to walk or jog,which is also helpful.In addition,although trains and buses often run on fossil fuels,on average,each person usesless energy and produces les
24、s pollution to run.Next time if children with theirparents have to get around town or its too far to walk or bike,take the bus or otherpublic transportation instead of asking for a ride.【文章大意】本文是议论文。文章提出,全球在变暖,每个人都可以做很多事情来帮助减少全球变暖的影响,孩子也可以做到。要减缓全球变暖,就要尽可能地减少碳足迹,通过不吃从很远的地方运来的水果蔬菜、骑车、步行或乘坐公共交通,孩子也能为减缓
25、全球变暖做出贡献。4.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.A brief description of carbon footprint.B.The serious water pollution.C.The protection of ozone layer.D.The causes of global warming.【解析】选D。段落大意题。根据第一段“Global warming is the increase of theearths average surface temperature due to the effect of g
26、reenhouse gases”可知,作者一开始提出:全球变暖是由于温室气体的影响而导致地球平均表面温度的升高;接下来举例说明,如果树木被砍伐,地球臭氧层会变厚,地球温度会升高。因此该段是说明全球变暖的原因。5.Which of the following can describe the carbon footprint?A.Useless.B.Expensive.C.Helpful.D.Attractive.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段“In other words,the carbonfootprint.carbon footprint possible.”可知,碳足迹可以帮助衡
27、量我们的生活方式是否环保。6.What can kids do if they want to help reduce global warming?A.Go to the near park by bus.B.Walk or cycle as much as possible.C.Keep staying at home or school.D.Go around the town with parents by car.【解析】选B。.细节理解题。根据第四段“If a child wants to.instead oftaking the car.”可知,如果孩子们想帮助减缓全球变暖,他们
28、会尽可能多走路或骑自行车。7.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.What Can People Do to Use Less Energy?B.How Can Kids Help Reduce Global Warming?C.How Does Carbon Footprints Measure Pollution?D.Why Global Warming Affects Humans Life?【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章在第一段“there are.to take action.幸运的是,地球上的每个公民都可以做很多事情来帮助减缓全球
29、变暖的影响,孩子们采取行动永远都不会太迟或太早。”以及下文主要围绕孩子可以做哪些事情来减缓全球变暖的影响。由此可知,How Can Kids Help Reduce Global Warming?适合作本文标题。.阅读填句根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Schools consume a large amount of energy,which has a bad effect on theenvironment.1,there are lots of ways that you can help your school save energy
30、.Look for simple changes your school can make and band together with others tomake an even bigger effect.2.Even something as simple as turning off the lights when you leave aroom can help to save energy.Turn off the lights in classrooms that are not beingused and in other areas,such as empty bathroo
31、ms and unoccupied multi-purposerooms.Use natural light when the sun is bright.It may not always be necessary foryou to have the lights on in your classroom.There may be times of day when the sunis especially bright and enough for what you are doing in your classroom.3.Set up a recycling station at y
32、our school.Recycling is a great way to saveenergy because it reduces the need to produce new materials.4,then ask yourschool principal if you can set one up.Get others involved.5.Either as an individual or as a team,you cancreate and put up signs around your school.Try using signs that remind people
33、 ofthings they can do to save energy and also some signs that raise awareness of savingenergy.A.Post signs about conserving energyB.Whether you are a teacher or a studentC.If your school does not have oneD.Turn off your computer when its not usedE.Shut down the lights when rooms are not in useF.Othe
34、r times of day you might only need half of the lightsG.If your schools garbage company offers recycling services【文章大意】本文是说明文,从四个方面阐述学生在校园里如何节约能源、保护环境。1.【解析】选B。考查上下文的衔接。根据句子的结构判断,此处是一个从句,七个选项中只有B、C和G三个选项符合要求。根据语境可知,此处表示“不管你是老师还是学生,总有许多可以帮助你的学校节约能源的方法”。故答案为B。2.【解析】选E。考查段落主题句。本段主要讲述在离开教室等地方的时候关灯以便节约能源。
35、本段中的一些提示词,如“turning off the lights”“Turn off thelights”等也暗示了本题的答案。【方法技巧】阅读填句侧重考查文章的语篇结构和逻辑关系,通过相应段落中一些复现的提示词确定答案是做题时一个常用而有效的方法。3.【解析】选F。考查细节支撑句。本段主要讲述当教室内光线充足时使用自然光。空前句子中的“times of day”与F项中的“Other times of day”形成对应关系。4.【解析】选C。考查上下文的衔接。本段谈论在学校内设置回收站回收可循环使用的材料。C选项中的one指代主题句中的a recycling station。5.【解 析
36、】选 A。考 查 承 上 启 下 句。根 据 下 文 的“put up signs”“usingsigns”“some signs”等提示词可以判断答案为A。.完形填空In October 2015,Shah began picking up rubbish from the beach every Sundaymorning.At first,it was just him and a neighbor,and then he began 1 othersto join in.Word spread and with help from social media,more volunteer
37、s gotinvolved.Shah hasnt stopped since.Hes now spent 209 weekends 2 to this mission,inspiring more than 200,000 3 to join him in whats been called the worldsbiggest beach cleanup.By October 2018,Versova Beach was 4 clean andShahs cleanups expanded to another 5 as well as a stretch of the Mithi River
38、and other regions of India.For Shah,the work has always been a personal journey,but it has earned 6 attention.After he was 7 as a Champion of the Earth by the United Nations in2016,Bollywood celebrities and politicians accepted his mission and joined in hiscleanups.Today,Shah is also working with co
39、astal communities to 8 plasticpollution at one of the sources.In areas lacking waste management systems,rubbish often ends up in streams and rivers that empty into the 9.Shah and hisvolunteers 10 and assist villagers in reducing,managing and recycling theirplastic waste.“This world 11 too much.I thi
40、nk you must talk less and do action 12,”he said.“Every citizen on this planet must be in for a long pull.I feel the 13 to do something for my planet,so this will 14 for life.If each one couldstart,this journey could become 15.Can we do it together?”【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了“地球卫士”沙阿和他的海滩清理行动,他的事迹激励了无数人参与到这项
41、环保运动中来。1.A.asking B.ordering C.warning D.forcing【解析】选A。句意:然后他开始邀请其他人加入。空前说起初,只有沙阿和他的一个邻居在海滩上捡垃圾,空后说更多的志愿者参与进来,因此后来沙阿开始邀请其他人加入到捡垃圾的活动中。2.A.comparedB.adaptedC.relatedD.devoted【解析】选D。句意:现在他已经花了209个周末致力于这项工作,激励了超过20万名志愿者加入到他的队伍中,这被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动。空前说沙阿从此就没有停止过,因此他已经花了209个周末致力于这项工作。compared to比作;adapted t
42、o适应于;related to涉及;devoted to致力于、献身于。故D项正确。3.A.workersB.volunteersC.journalistsD.clerks【解析】选B。根据上文中的“volunteers”可知,参与海滩清理行动的人都是志愿者,故B项正确。4.A.originallyB.finallyC.suddenlyD.theoretically【解析】选B。句意:到2018年10月,维索瓦海滩终于清理干净,沙阿的清理范围扩大到另一个海滩以及米提河和印度其他地区。根据上文中的“In October2015”及空前的“By October 2018”可知,此处说的是三年的清理
43、工作取得的成果维索瓦海滩终于被清理干净了。故B项正确。5.A.parkB.bankC.beachD.market【解析】选C。根据上文中的“the worlds biggest beach cleanup”可知,这项活动被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动,因此清理完维索瓦海滩的垃圾后沙阿和他的小伙伴们又转向其他的海滩,故C项正确。6.A.globalB.localC.nationalD.coastal【解析】选A。根据上文中的“the worlds biggest beach cleanup”可知,沙阿的清理行动被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动,空后又说2016年他被联合国授予“地球卫士”称号,这说
44、明沙阿的海滩清理行动赢得了全球的关注,故A项正确。7.A.describedB.honoredC.opposedD.elected【解析】选B。句意:2016年沙阿被联合国授予“地球卫士”称号后,宝莱坞名流和政界人士接受(认可)了他的工作,也加入到(海滩)清理行动中。根据空后的“a Champion of the Earth”可知,沙阿被联合国授予“地球卫士”称号。described描述;honored给以荣誉;opposed反对;elected选举。故B项正确。8.A.makeB.discussC.throwD.handle【解析】选D。句意:现在,沙阿还与沿海社区合作,从源头上解决塑料污染
45、问题。根据空后的“plastic pollution at one of the sources”可知,沙阿与沿海社区合作从源头上解决塑料污染问题。handle处理、解决,故D项正确。9.A.oceanB.factoryC.mountainD.forest【解析】选A。根据空前的“rubbish often ends up in streams and rivers thatempty into”可知,垃圾经常被排放到小溪和河流中,而这些小溪和河流往往流入海洋,故A项正确。10.A.protectB.controlC.scoldD.educate【解析】选D。根据空后的“and assist
46、villagers in reducing,managing andrecycling their plastic waste”可知,沙阿和他的志愿者教育和帮助村民减少、管理和回收他们的塑料垃圾。protect保护;control控制;scold责骂;educate教育。故D项正确。11.A.talksB.complainsC.thinksD.argues【解析】选A。句意:这个世界(的人们)往往说得太多了,我认为你应该少说空话,多做实事。根据空后的“talk less”可知此处指“说得太多”,故A项正确。12.A.earlierB.fasterC.moreD.better【解析】选C。此处与
47、前面的“talk less”相对,指“多做事”,故C项正确。13.A.pityB.needC.painD.effect【解析】选B。句意:我觉得有必要为我们的地球做点什么,而且我会终身致力于这项工作。根据空后的“do something for my planet”可知,沙阿觉得他有必要为地球做点什么,故B项正确。14.A.come onB.get onC.look onD.go on【解析】选D。根据空后的“for life”可知,沙阿会终身致力于这项工作。comeon快点;get on上车;look on看待;go on继续。故D项正确。15.A.greatB.complexC.compl
48、eteD.difficult【解析】选A。根据空前的“If each one could start”可知,如果每个人都能参与进来,这个旅程将会变得更美妙。great重大的、极好的;complex复杂的;complete完整的;difficult困难的。故A项正确。【补偿训练】语法填空(2021济南高二检测)Natural herbal medicines have been a part of the medicine world for a long time,and different cultures have used them in 1._(variety)ways.Many pe
49、opleuse them for therapeutic(治疗的)purposes 2._ for medicinal purposes.The use of herbs is widely known to be safe because the ingredients are natural andtherefore have very few side effects when they 3._(take).The main purpose of natural herbal medicines is to help the body return to itsnormal state
50、so that it can be restored 4._(complete).Different herbs whentaken will work differently in the body system and therefore bring the desirablehealing effects.They work by 5._(make)the immune system function welland also promote the well-being of the body before any illness 6._(set)in.Additionally,nat
51、ural herbal medicines can reduce anxiety,depression,exhaustion,stress,etc,as they help your 7._(nerve)calm down.Despite many advantages of natural herbal medicines,you should takesomething 8._ consideration when you use them.For instance,dont usethem in cases 9._ the conventional drugs are supposed
52、to be used.Itsimportant to seek medical advice before taking any herbal drugs 10._(avoid)any harmful effects on the body.Moreover,its also good to consult your doctor toget the correct amount and also the exact type of drug for the particular disease youhave.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了天然药草的优点。天然药草可以帮助我们保持身体
53、健康,也可以治愈一些疾病,还能缓解精神压力,且天然草药副作用小。但是我们不能确定用药剂量,也不知道该怎样对症下药,所以最好是先咨询医生。1.【解析】various。考查形容词。修饰后文名词ways应用形容词,表示“各种各样的”。故填various。2.【解析】or/and。考查连词。句意:许多人把它们用于治疗或/和医疗目的。结合句意可知表示“或者”或“和”应用连词or或and。故填or/and。3.【解析】are taken。考查动词时态和语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为they,谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are taken。4.【解析】complet
54、ely。考查副词。修饰上文动词restored应用副词completely,表示“完全地”。故填completely。5.【解析】making。考查非谓语动词。by为介词,后跟动名词作宾语,故填making。6.【解析】sets。考查主谓一致。在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时态。此处主语为illness是单数形式,谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填sets。7.【解析】nerves。考查名词的数。nerve表示“神经”,为可数名词,此处前面没有冠词故应用复数形式。故填nerves。8.【解析】into。考查介词。根据短语take sth.into considera
55、tion表示“考虑某事;将某事考虑进去”,故填into。9.【解析】where。考查定语从句。本句为定语从句修饰先行词cases,cases在从句中表示模糊化的地点,用关系副词where。故填where。10.【解析】to avoid。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知avoid在句中作非谓语动词,且此处动词不定式表示目的,作目的状语。故填to avoid。【方法技巧】定语从句中的关系词选择,可考虑以下几点:1.看清楚先行词的意义,就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom,指人时通常不用which等。2.看清楚关系词的句法功能,就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分,是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等。作定语通常用whose,有时也用which。作状语要用when,where,why。3.看清楚定语从句的种类,就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。4.看清楚文体,就是理清是正式文体,还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。如第9小题,本句为定语从句修饰先行词cases,cases在从句中表示模糊化的地点,用关系副词where。故填where。
