1、七 Unit 3 Starting out&Understanding ideas【语用训练】.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Children like _(bounce)up and down on a sofa,so the houses withchildren are usually messy.2.I urge you to continue your good work in sustaining and _(sharp)Hong Kongs competitive edge.3.It was his first start against his former _(teammate)
2、.4.Chinese religion _(associate)and cultural organizations will face thisnew challenge.bouncingsharpeningteammatesassociations5.This is the parcel which we have been _(expect)from New York.6.Haha,my young lady was no _(philosophy),and no model ofpatience.7.Did the driver come for you in a new big _(
3、shine)auto?8.The car bounced along the _(bump)mountain road,but I fell asleepimmediately.expectingphilosophershinybumpy.根据语境填入适当的介词或副词1._a result,the Geneva settlement on Laos never went into effect.2.The factory must aim _increasing production.3.They would rather starve than give way _enemies.4.We
4、are called on to carry _war against poverty,illiteracy,and disease.5.The team notched up their third victory _a row.6.Its a beautiful painting,but its a far cry _great art.7.I have the confidence to know you will be successful and achieve what youve set_to do.Asattooninfromout.完成句子1.The weather is u
5、sually changeable,sometimes _.(expectation)通常天气变化无常,有时候变得出乎我们意料。2._,the park looks even more beautiful.(过去分词作状语)_,I find the park even more beautiful.(现在分词作状语)从高楼的顶上看,公园看上去更漂亮。beyond our expectationsSeen from the top of the high buildingSeeing from the top of the high building3._.重要的不是你说什么而是你做了什么。4.
6、My parents always _my getting a good education.(attach)我的父母一直非常重视让我接受良好的教育。5.He _yesterday.(make复合结构)他昨天惹他父亲生气了。6.Despite his efforts,he _after all.(end up)尽管他付出了努力,最终还是未能成功。Its not what you say but what you do that mattersattach great importance tomade his father angryended up being unsuccessful【主题
7、阅读】.阅读理解A(2021长沙高二检测)Just over 12 months ago I gave myself a challenge:give up spending on all butthe essentials for a whole year.It hasnt always been easy,but a year on I amwealthier and wiser.Embarrassingly,I have also realised just how much money Ivesquandered down the pubs in restaurants and thr
8、ough mindless shopping.Free of any financial worries,I was spending without thinking.Stuck in a cycleof consumerism,I was struggling in vain to spend my way to happiness.Giving upspending for a year was an extreme approach,but I wanted to taste extreme frugality,shake up my spending patterns and ove
9、rpay my mortgage instead of shopping.Icould continue to pay my bills,including mortgages,broadband(宽带),phone bill,charity donations,life insurances,money to help my family and basic groceries.It was not easy,especially in the first few months.There were lows,such aswhen I missed my favourite jazz co
10、ncerts and hit films.There have also been someawkward moments when Ive turned up to a friends house for dinner empty-handed.I did a lot of washing up at my friends houses in return this year.I did find new ways to live,however.Using sites such as Eventbrite I havebeen to film screenings,wine tasting
11、 evenings and theatre productions for free.Living in London I have a wealth of free cultural activities on my doorstep and Ivebeen to more art exhibitions this year than ever before.I even managed a free holiday,cycling the Suffolk and Norfolk coast and camping on beaches.Its something Idnever done
12、before and probably wouldnt have,were it not for the challenge.The last 12 months have taught me what things I really need.I can honestly sayI m happier now.Ive gained confidence and skills,done things and met lovelypeople I wouldnt have otherwise done or met.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者为了改变自己的消费模式,进行了为期一年
13、的无消费挑战,即在一年内放弃除必需品以外的所有支出。作者描述了自己在此期间的体会和改变,并认为这一挑战是有益的。1.In the past the author wasted much money on the following EXCEPT _.A.purposeless shopping B.basic groceriesC.restaurantsD.pubs【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Embarrassingly,I have alsorealised just how much money Ive squandered down the pubs in restaur
14、ants andthrough mindless shopping.可知,作者在酒吧、餐厅和盲目购物方面浪费了很多钱,除了B选项“基本生活用品”。故选B。2.We can infer that the purpose of the authors no-spending challenge is to_.A.try to form a virtue of frugalityB.change her former spending habitsC.pay off her mortgage as soon as possibleD.reserve money for her everyday bi
15、lls【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中Giving up spending for a year was anextreme approach,but I wanted to taste extreme frugality,shake up my spendingpatterns and overpay my mortgage instead of shopping.可推知,作者的无消费挑战的目的是改变她以前的消费习惯。故选B。3.What do we know about the author during her no-spending year?A.She did a lot of
16、 washing and cooking in pubs.B.She tried cycling and camping for the first time.C.She explored more cultural activities in London.D.She attended concerts and wine evenings for free.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段第三句Living in London I have a wealthof free cultural activities on my doorstep and Ive been to more ar
17、t exhibitions thisyear than ever before.可知,作者在无消费挑战的那一年里,在伦敦探索了更多的文化活动。故选C。4.How does the author eventually feel about her no-spending year?A.Its discouraging.B.Its challenging.C.Its beneficial.D.Its embarrassing.【解析】选C。推理判断题。由最后一段The last 12 months have taught me whatthings I really need.I can hone
18、stly say Im happier now.Ive gained confidence andskills,done things and met lovely people I wouldnt have otherwise done or met.可推知,作者最终觉得她这一年的无消费挑战是有益的。故选C。BRecently,the organizers of the 2024 Paris Olympics have suggested thatbreakdancing be included in 2024,making it closer to becoming an Olympic
19、sport.The other 3 sportssurfing,skateboarding and sport climbingwill all makedebuts in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.That is to say,audience will be able to watchthese three sports as Olympic events for the first time.The organizers stressed that four sports had been chosen since they wouldreflect the cit
20、ys identity and help take the Olympics to the street.They added thatthe purposes were to deliver a Games that was able to keep up with the times andencourage new audience and attract young people.Breakdancing is a typicalexample which can be played without the limitations of time and places in urban
21、 andother environments.As one of the sports at the Young Olympic Games in Buenos Aires in 2018,breakdancing now could see its popularity greatly raised.But the InternationalOlympic Committee(IOC)needs to approve the French suggestion before it can beformally added to the 2024 Paris Olympics sports p
22、rogramme.With new IOC rules first introduced to the 2020 Tokyo Olympics,host citiescan select sports and propose them for inclusion in those Games if they are popularin that country and add to the Games appeal.Antonio Espinos Ortueta,the president of the World Karate Federation said,“Our sport has g
23、rown rapidly over the last years.We believe that we have met all the requirements and that we have the perfect conditions to be added to the sports programme.However,we have learned today that we still havent had the chance to prove our value as an Olympic sport.”【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。2024年巴黎奥运会的组织者想把霹雳舞纳入比
24、赛项目,因为他们觉得把一些新的比赛项目纳入奥运会能体现奥运会的时代性以及吸引更多的年轻人。但是能不能成功还需要国际奥委会的同意。5.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word“debuts”inParagraph 1?A.announcements.B.appearances.C.admissions.D.advertisements.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句That is to say,audience willbe able to watch these three sports
25、 as Olympic events for the first time.可知,观众将第一次看到这三个运动项目作为奥运会的比赛项目,由此可猜测,debuts意为appearances,也就是说霹雳舞和其他的三个运动项目冲浪、滑板和运动攀登将会在2020年的东京奥运会上亮相;故选B。6.What can we learn about breakdancing?A.It attracts people of all ages.B.It is the symbol of Paris.C.It was performed in 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics.D.I
26、t can be played anytime and anywhere.【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第二段中的“Breakdancing is a typical examplewhich can be played without the limitations of time and places in urban and otherenvironments.”可知,霹雳舞能随时随地被表演。故选D。7.What does IOC do in selecting sports?A.Give useful advice.B.Offer enough support.C.Give detail
27、ed explanations.D.Have the last word.【解析】选D。推理判断题。由第三段中的“But the International OlympicCommittee(IOC)needs to approve the French suggestion before it can be formallyadded to the 2024 Paris Olympics sports programme.”可推知,国际奥委会有最后的决定权。故选D。8.Which of the following is TRUE according to Antonio Espinos Or
28、tuetas words?A.He thought it easy for a new sport to be included in Olympics.B.He thought breakdancing was far from ready to be an Olympic event.C.He couldnt be sure of the final decision of IOC.D.He found it likely for breakdancing to be performed in Olympics.【解析】选C。细节理解题。由最后一段中的“However,we have le
29、arned todaythat we still havent had the chance to prove our value as an Olympic sport.”可知,Antonio Espinos Ortueta不能确定国际奥委会的最后决定。故选C。【方法技巧】词义猜测题在高考中有三种考查形式:生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词(代词或者名词)。从近三年考查形势看,三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生词词义猜测。这种题型的解法主要是在画线词所在句子的前后找到该句话的同义句或者释义句,再根据同义句或者释义句的意思推断出画线单词的意思。例如第5题,考查的就是生词
30、词义猜测,由其后的“That is to say(那就是说)”可知,后一句话是对前一句话的解释。由此可根据后一句话的意思推断出画线单词的意思。所以再解生词猜测词义的题目时,找对同义句或释义句非常重要。同学们要多积累向“That is to say”这样的表示解释关系的词汇。.阅读填句(2021长沙高二检测)The COVID-19 continues to be a heath threat around the world.Governments,communities and individuals are looking for ways to teach children how to
31、 protectthemselves.1 They might want to follow the advice of imaginative creaturesthat are adorable,colorful and furry!Muppets(提线木偶)are puppets from the childrens show Sesame Street createdby Sesame Workshop.Sesame Workshop started a campaign called Caring for EachOther.2 The project includes messag
32、es for children and caregivers.It offersreading,math and science activities along with songs and fun,educational videos.Elmo,Grover and other Sesame Street Muppets star in new public service advertisements(PSAs)from the Sesame Workshop.These PSAs teach children about the importance of handwashing an
33、d safe ways to sneeze,limiting the spread of germs.3 Elmo is probably one of the most famous Muppets.He is known for a video of a song about brushing teeth called Brushy Brush.He reminds children to wash between the fingers and the tops of the hands.4 This silly blue Muppet teaches children how to s
34、afely cough and sneeze.He even uses a checklist that includes breakfast,brushing his teeth and exercise.5 A set of things children normally do can help them stay healthy.Eventhough things may be a little different right now,health experts recommend having aregular procedure every day while isolated(
35、隔离).By doing so,parents andcaregivers can give their children and themselves a sense of stability in this newnormal.A.Another video in the campaign features Grover.B.No doubt parents are experiencing a tough period.C.The song has been updated to teach good handwashing.D.The campaign emphasizes the i
36、mportance of a daily routine.E.Children,however,often do not want to listen to grownups.F.It aims to help families stay physically and mentally healthy.G.They also educate children that these actions show care for others.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文重点谈到了儿童节目芝麻街中的木偶戏。Elmo,Grover和其他芝麻街木偶在芝麻工作室的新公共服务广告中扮演主角,教孩子们在居
37、家期间学会如何保持健康。1.【解析】选E。根据上文可知COVID-19仍然是世界各地的健康威胁。政府、社区和个人都在寻找教育儿童如何保护自己的方法。以及后文可知本句起到承上启下的作用,表示孩子们通常不愿意听成年人念念叨叨。故选E。2.【解析】选F。根据上文Muppets are puppets from the childrens show SesameStreet created by Sesame Workshop.Sesame Workshop started a campaign calledCaring for Each Other.可知,本空前面谈到芝麻工作室发起了一项运动,空处接
38、着谈论其目的。故选F。3.【解析】选G。根据上文可知,本空前面谈到PSAs教导孩子们洗手的重要性和打喷嚏的安全方法,限制细菌的传播,故本句承接上文继续说明PSAs的其他一些教育孩子的行动。故选G。4.【解析】选A。根据上文可知,上一段提到了两种卡通形象Elmo和Grover,空前提及Elmo在广告视频中所起的作用,可知本句继续谈谈论另一个提线木偶Grover。故选A。5.【解析】选D。根据后文可知,空后谈到了孩子们平时做的一系列事情可以帮助他们保持健康,后文也提到了健康专家的建议,以及保持每日常规的好处,故本句旨在说明这次广告运动凸显了个人每日生活习惯的重要性。故选D。.完形填空 Around
39、 the world more and more people are 1 dangerous sports andactivities.Of course there have always been people who have 2 adventurethose who have climbed the 3 mountains,explored unknown parts of the worldor 4 in small boats across the greatest oceans.Now,however,there are peoplewho look for an immedi
40、ate pleasure from a dangerous activity which may only last afew minutes or even 5.I would consider bungee jumping(蹦极)to be a good example of such an activity.You jump from a high place about 200 meters above the ground with an elastic(有弹力的)rope 6 to your ankles.You fall at up to 150 kilometers an ho
41、ur until the rope stops you from 7 the ground.It is said that 2 million people around the world have now 8 bungee jumping.Other activities,9 most people would say are as dangerous as bungee jumping,10 jumping from tall buildings and 11 into the sea from the top of high rocks.Why do people take part
42、in such activities as these?Some psychologists(心理学家)suggest that it is because life in 12 societies has become safe and boring.Not very long ago,peoples lives were constantly under danger.They had to go outand hunt for food,and life was a continuous battle for survival.Nowadays,according to many peo
43、ple,life offers 13 excitement.Theylive and work in relatively safe condition;they buy food in shops;and there aredoctors and hospitals to 14 them if they become ill.The answer for some ofthese people is to 15 danger in activities such as bungee jumping.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文,讲述了人们参加极限运动的热情及原因。1.A.escaping fr
44、om B.taking part inC.going inD.taking in【解析】选 B。从本段后面所举的例子来看,此处说的是越来越多的人正参加各种危险的运动。“从事”应说 go in for,故 C 不对。2.A.looked upB.looked intoC.looked forD.looked around【解析】选C。越来越多的人参加各种危险的运动,从 Of course 可推测此处说“也不乏有人参加冒险”。3.A.lowest B.highestC.beautifulD.wild【解析】选B。从破折号来看,下文是通过例子来说明有人参加冒险活动。根据所举的几个例子来看,此处选 h
45、ighest 才能与“冒险”这个主题相吻合,并与explored unknown parts of the world 等语意一致。4.A.sailed B.swam C.jumped D.crossed【解析】选A。根据下文的 in small boats across the greatest oceans 可知此处说的应是“乘船在大洋上航行”,故选用 sailed。5.A.yearsB.secondsC.hoursD.days【解析】选B。根据上文的.who look for an immediate pleasure 及 which mayonly last a few minutes
46、 or even.等可推测,此处说的是这项运动持续时间短,显然 hours,days 和 years 不合语境。6.A.followedB.tiedC.broughtD.took【解析】选B。在往下跳时,运动员的脚踝要系在绳子上,也就是要把绳子栓在脚踝上,所以用 tied。7.A.fallingB.runningC.flyingD.hitting【解析】选D。此处介绍的是系绳子的目的不让你撞到地上。8.A.triedB.observedC.foundD.studied【解析】选A。根据下文可知,世界上有很多人都已经尝试过蹦极这项运动。9.A.thatB.whichC.itD.what【解析】选
47、B。which 引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面提到的 Other activities。10.A.abuseB.includeC.carveD.conclude【解析】选B。前面提到的 bungee 是从高处往地面跳,这里具体说从何处往下跳:一是从大楼往下跳,二是从高的岩石上往海面跳。故此处应用 include。11.A.swimmingB.runningC.divingD.skating【解析】选C。从下文的 into the sea 可看出是“跳水”,故用 diving。12.A.oldB.modernC.pastD.formal【解析】选B。本文所介绍的活动是新兴的一项运动,也就是现代人
48、所从事的活动,由此可推断此处选 modern,既说明“现代社会人们的生活很安全、枯燥”,故许多人从事这项运动来寻找刺激。13.A.fewB.littleC.muchD.many【解析】选B。从后文可知“现在人们生活、工作在相对安全的环境下”,与狩猎相比,现代人的生活少了刺激,所以也就少了欢乐,故用 little。14.A.look atB.look behindC.look likeD.look after【解析】选D。从 if they become ill 知,此处说的是“当生病时有医生来照看他们”,故用 look after。15.A.seek forB.build upC.suffer
49、 fromD.find out【解析】选A。此句总结全文。人们在刺激的运动中寻找危险。【补偿训练】Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work,but nothing beats the feeling youget after finishing a long workout around the track.But while its long been believed that endorphins(内啡肽)chemicals in thebody that cause happinessare behind the so-called“
50、runners high”,a studysuggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from severalGerman universities,a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids(内源性大麻素)may actually be responsible for this familiar great feel
51、ing.To test this theory,the scientists turned to mice.Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoidsafter exercise,along with many other chemicals.After exercising on running wheels,the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.But after being given
52、 a drug to block their endorphins,they changed.However,when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug,the runners highsymptoms seemed to fade.“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runners high isfalse.Endorphins are effective pain relievers,but only when it co
53、mes to the pain inyour body and muscles you feel after working out,”Patrick Lucas Austin wrote on ascience blog.Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans,but its already well knownthat exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety.The UKs National Health Service even p
54、rescribes(开药方)exercise forpatients who are suffering from depression.“Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy,which might put you offbeing more active.Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression,and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate(中等的)depression,”it
55、wrote on its website.It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout,even ifwe dont fully understand where it comes from.At least if were feeling down,weknow that all we have to do is put on our running shoes.【文章大意】本文主要探究了影响运动者情绪高涨的因素。1.What did scientists from German univers
56、ities recently discover?A.Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.B.The runners high could be caused by endocannabinoids.C.Endorphins may contribute to ones high spirits after running.D.The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect ones mood.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段“According
57、 to a recent study publishedby a group of scientists from several German universities,a group of chemicalscalled endocannabinoids may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.”可知,德国一些大学的科学家们最近发现了跑步者情绪高涨是由内源性大麻素引起的,故选B。2.The scientists gave mice drugs in their experiment to _.A.find wh
58、at reduces the runners high symptomsB.see the specific symptoms of the runners highC.identify what is responsible for the runners highD.test what influences the level of endocannabinoids released【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据对第二段和第三段的整体理解,并结合第四段“To test this theory,the scientists turned to mice.”可推知,科学家们在实验中给老鼠药物是
59、为了确定究竟是哪种物质会引起跑步者的情绪高涨,故选C。3.The underlined word“notion”in Paragraph 7 has the closest meaning to“_”.A.effect B.goalC.questionD.belief【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据对全文内容的理解可知,该词所在句子与第二段But while its long been believed that endorphinschemicals in the body thatcause happinessare behind the so-called“runners high”,a
60、study suggested thatthere may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.呼应,并结合本句结构可推知,此处notion与believed相呼应,故选D。4.According to the UKs National Health Service,regular workouts _.A.are the best way to treat depressionB.can help ease depression symptomsC.only work for those with serious depressionD.can help people completely recover from depression【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第三、四段和倒数第二段第二句“Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression,and its especiallyuseful for people with mild to moderate depression.”可知,常规锻炼有利于情绪好转及缓解抑郁症状,故选B。
