1、Unit 1Living wellSection Grammar&Writing复习动词不定式 第一板块单元语法1Unfortunately，the doctors dont know how _(make)me better.2Then I started _(get)weaker and weaker，until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium.3No one could give my disease a name and it is difficult _(know)what the future hold
2、s.to maketo getto know4Sometimes，too，I was too weak _(go)to school so my education suffered.5I am happy _(find)many things I can do，like writing and computer programming.6My ambition is _(work)for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.7Last year I invented a computer football game an
3、d a big company has decided _(buy)it from me.to goto have foundto workto buy8I have a very busy life with no time _(sit)around feeling sorry for myself.9._(look)after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile.10I have to work hard _(live)a normal life but it has been worth it.11
4、Just accept them for who they are，and give them encouragement _(live)as rich and full a life as you do.to sitTo lookto liveto live动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等，但不能作谓语。考点一 结构基本结构：to动词原形，有时不定式符号 to 可以省略否定形式：not to动词原形不定式有形式和语态变化，通常有下表中的几种形式(以 do为例)：形式主动被动一般式
5、to doto be done完成式to have doneto have been done进行式to be doing完成进行式to have been doing考点二 用法1作主语动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness one can seek.爱与被爱是一个人所能寻找的最大的幸福。为了避免头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语放在句首，作主语的不定式常置于句末。It would be better for you to go there.你还是去的好。注意：(1)若要说明不定式表示动作的发出者，
6、就要在不定式前加 for 引起的短语，构成“for名词(或代词宾格)不定式”短语，这一短语被称为不定式的复合结构。(2)在“It is adj.不定式复合结构”句型中，当其中的形容词是说明逻辑主语的性质、品质时，要由 of 引出逻辑主语，不能用 for。这类形容词主要有 clever，foolish，kind，nice，polite，silly，stupid，wise 等。Its easy for him to work out this math problem.对他来说解出这道数学题很容易。It was careless of him to make such a mistake.He w
7、as careless to make such a mistake.犯了这样的错误，他太粗心了。2作表语动词不定式放在 be，become，sound，taste 等系动词后面常表示将来的动作或起解释说明的作用，其主语常常是 wish，idea，task，purpose，duty，job 等表示意向、打算、计划的词语。My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software.我的目标是在开发电脑软件的公司里工作。To see is to believe.眼见为实。动词不定式作表语时也常用来表示预定要发生的动作，或表示未
8、来的可能性或假设。The students are to meet at the school gate tomorrow.明天学生们将在学校大门口见面。Her plan is to be a failure.她的计划注定是要失败的。3作宾语(1)直接作及物动词的宾语只能跟不定式作宾语的动词有：afford(付得起)，agree(同意)，aim(力争)，appear(显得)，arrange(安排)，attempt(试图)，choose(选择)，claim(声称)，decide(决定)，demand(要求)，determine(决心)，expect(期待)，fail(未履行)，help(帮助)，
9、hesitate(犹豫)，hope(希望)，learn(学会)，manage(设法)，neglect(疏忽)，offer(主动提出)，plan(计划)，prepare(准备)，pretend(假装)，promise(答应)，prove(证明)，refuse(拒绝)，seem(似乎)，swear(发誓)，tend(往往会)，threaten(恐吓)，undertake(承诺)，volunteer(自愿做)，vow(发誓)，want(想要)，wish(希望)等。The driver failed to see the other car in time.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。(2)“疑问词不定
10、式”，不定式前可带 what，who，which，where，when，how，whether 等疑问词。Please show us how to deal with the haze.请告诉我们如何应对雾霾。I dont know which one to choose.我不知道选哪一个。(3)常用句型“主语v.itadj./n.to do sth.”。其中，it 为形式宾语，to do 为真正的宾语。能用于这一句型的动词有：believe，consider，feel，find，make，suppose，think等。I think it very useful to learn a fo
11、reign language.我认为学一门外语很有用。4作定语(1)动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。Attention，please.I have something important to say.请注意，我有重要的事情要说。Every day he made one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat.他每天让一个小动物给他带来一些吃的东西。(2)如果不定式是不及物动词，后面就应有必要的介词。Give me a piece of paper to write on.给我一张纸写字。(3)当中心词为序数词，
12、最高级，the last，the only 等或中心词被这类词修饰时，常用不定式作定语。She is hard-working and is always the first one to come every day.她很勤奋，每天总是第一个来。He is the only person to know the truth.他是唯一了解真相的人。5作状语(1)表示目的She went to the hospital to see her grandfather yesterday.昨天她去医院看望了她爷爷。To keep up with others，he has been working
13、very hard.为了赶上别人，他一直在努力学习。注意：在作目的状语的不定式前，常加上in order或so as，但so as不能位于句首。She asked me to drive her to the airport in order/so as to catch the 5:00 plane.为了赶上5点的飞机，她让我开车把她送到机场。(2)表示结果动词不定式作状语表示结果时常用如下结构：so形容词/副词as to do 如此以致such形容词名词as to do 如此以致enough名词to do 足够名词/形容词/副词enoughto do 足够too形容词/副词to do 太以
14、致不能He is not so stupid(such a fool)as to do that.他还没有蠢到做那种事。The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.加利福尼亚号来得太晚，没能挽救更多的人。注意：不定式短语表示结果时，常与 only 连用，暗示一种意外的结果。He hurried to the station，only to find the train had left.他匆忙赶到车站，却发现火车开走了。(3)表示原因不定式作原因状语，常用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后。Im sorry to hea
15、r your grandma is ill.听到你奶奶生病我很难过。(4)在“be性质形容词不定式”结构中，常见的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult，interesting，heavy，pleasant，light，good，fit，comfortable，safe，dangerous，impossible 等。The box is not easy to carry.这个箱子不易携带。注意：此句型中 to do 不定式用主动形式表被动意义。6作宾补(1)不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾补：ask，advise，get，allow，beg，cause，command，enable，e
16、ncourage，expect，force，inform，invite，mean，order，permit，persuade，remind，remain，require，refuse，request，teach，tell，urge，warn 等。My friend invited me to see the film Born in China yesterday.昨天我的朋友邀请我去看了电影我们诞生在中国。Who taught you to play the music?谁教你弹这首曲子的？(2)使役动词 let，have，make 等和感官动词 see，watch，look，notice，
17、observe，hear，listen to，smell，feel，find 等后跟不定式作宾补时，省略 to。get 除外(get sb.to do sth.)。The teacher made him say the word like this.老师让他像这样念这个单词。注意：上述动词变为被动语态时不定式符号 to 不能省掉。The children were seen to run down the street.有人看到孩子们沿着这条街跑了。.单句语法填空1(2018全国卷)You dont have to run fast or for long _(see)the benefit
18、.2(2018全国卷)The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _(improve)water quality.3(2018全国卷)Once his message was delivered，he allowed me _(stay)and watch.to seeto improveto stay4(2017全国卷)They are required _(process)the food that we eat，to recover from injury and for several other bod
19、ily functions.5Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal _(create)special designs.6For 25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something _(eat)!7._(make)it easier to get in touch with us，youd better keep this card at hand.to processto createto eatTo make8When a new day breaks
20、，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _(cool)the house during the hot day.9Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cutting down trees _(sell)the wood.10It took years of work _(reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water.to coolto sellto reduce11I heard a passen
21、ger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused _(stop)until we reached the next stop.12Anxiously，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only _(find)it didnt fit.to stopto find.单句改错1When summer comes，they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!_2He would ask who we w
22、ere and pretend not to knowing us._students后加toknowingknow3The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming._4Its been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing._feltfeelwant后加to.语法与写作1._(锁车是必要的)
23、when you dont use it.2He told me he _(没有写字用的钢笔)3My job is _(每天打扫房间)4We believe him _(是有罪的)5._(为了按时完成任务)，he worked extra hours every day.Its necessary to lock the carhad no pen to write withto clean the room every dayto be guiltyTo finish the task on time建议信第二板块单元写作文体感知建议信是写信人向收信人就某事提出建议或忠告。建议信有可能是写给
24、个人，就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和观点；也可能是写给某个组织或机构，就改进其服务提出建议或忠告。建议信要写出写信的原因、建议的内容、提出建议的理由。具体写作步骤如下：首段：表明写作意图。主体：针对需要改进的地方或针对具体情况提出具体建议或忠告。尾段：对提出的建议进行总结，表达心愿。常用句式1建议信常用开头句式I would like to suggest that.I am writing to express my views concerning.You have asked me for my advice with regard to.，and I will try to mak
25、e some suggestions.2表达建议常用句式I feel that it would be beneficial if.I would like to suggest that.If I were you，I would.It would seem to me that you could.3建议信常用结尾句式I hope you will find these suggestions/proposals/recommendations helpful/practical/useful.I would be more than happy to see improvements i
26、n this regard.I trust you will take my suggestions into account/consideration.写作要求(2019湖北宜昌八校高二期中)为 了 帮 助 中 学 生 健 康 成 长，某 中 学 英 语 报 开 辟 了“HEART-TO-HEART”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑 Jamie，收到了一封署名为 Worried 的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封 100 词左右的回信。注意：1表示理解并给予安慰；2提出建议并说明理由；3开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。D
27、ear Worried，Im sorry to know that youre having such a bad time at the moment._Yours，Jamie审题谋篇写作要求是写一封建议信，就如何调节好脾气和心情提出建议。写作时应注意下面几点：1确定文体：这是一封建议信。写作时注意建议信的写作特点。2主体时态：文章应以一般现在时和一般将来时为主。3主体人称：由于是给对方提出建议，所以人称应该以第二人称为主。遣词造句出错_控制某人的脾气_释放_玩游戏_摆脱_对乐观_go wrongcontrol ones temperlet outplay gamesget rid ofbe
28、 optimistic about句式升级事实上，每个人都有事情似乎将要出错的时期。The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods _.(and 连接并列句)The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods _.(when 引导定语从句)and during the periods things seem to be going wrongwhen things seem to be going wrong学会控制你的脾气，这样你才会不去做或者说你会后悔的事情。
29、Learn to control your temper,_.(祈使句or陈述句)Learn to control your temper _.(so that 引导目的状语从句)or you may do or saysomething youll regretor say anything youll regretso that you may not do这是释放你的怒气的一个好方法，同时不会伤害别人或者自己。This is a good way of letting your anger out _.(and 连接并列句)This is a good way of letting yo
30、ur anger out _.(without 短语作状语)time，you wont hurt others or yourselfand at the sameothers or yourselfwithout hurting妙笔成篇Dear Worried，Im sorry to know that youre having such a bad time at the moment._Yours，JamieOne possible version：Dear Worried,Im sorry to know that youre having such a bad time at the
31、 moment.The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong，so you dont have to worry so much.Learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything youll regret.Here are three useful tips.First，talk to someone you trust about how you feel.This i
32、s a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself.Second，go outdoors and play games with your friends，as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger.And third，remain optimistic about your future.I hope youll soon feel calmer and carry on as normal.Yours,Jamieword部分：请做：课时作业练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块
