1、第三讲阅读七选五总分类专项练习（1）A(2020惠州市高三第一次调研)How to Cultivate Confidence?When faced with a big challenge where potential failure seems to appear at every corner, maybe youll hear this advice: Be more confident._1_ Take the belief that you are precious and capable, also known as selfesteem.Confidence turns tho
2、ughts into action.It comes from the genes you are born with, the way people get used to treating you as well as the choices you make.While it isnt possible to completely separate these three factors, the personal choices we make obviously play a major role in confidence development.As a result, by k
3、eeping certain practical tips in mind, we do actually have the power to cultivate our own confidence._2_ If youre looking for a longterm change, consider the way you think about your abilities and talents.Do you think they are fixed at birth, or that they can be developed? These beliefs matter becau
4、se they can influence how you act in the face of setbacks.If you have a fixed mindset, meaning that your talents are locked in the place, you might give up, assuming youve discovered something youre not good at.But if you have a growth mindset, and think your abilities can improve, a challenge will
5、become an opportunity to learn and grow.Neuroscience (神经科学) supports the latter.The connections in your brain do get stronger and grow with study and practice._3_Practicing failure is a must.Failure happens._4_ JK.Rowling was rejected by twelve different publishers before one picked up Harry Potter.
6、The Wright brothers built on historys failed attempts at flight before designing a successful airplane.Studies show that those who fail regularly and keep trying anyway are better equipped to respond to challenges in constructive ways._5_ So, think of a challenge you want to take on, realize its not
7、 going to be easy, accept that youll make mistakes, and be kind to yourself when you do.Youll feel the excitement, knowing that whatever the result, youll have gained greater knowledge and understanding.ABut what is confidence?BSo can confidence be easily cultivated?CEveryone is likely to encounter
8、failure.DBeing a talented person is quite necessary.EThey learn to try different strategies and persevere.FBelieving in your abilities to improve is the first step.GIt also turns out that people with a growth mindset are better at dealing with challenges.语篇解读：文章主要介绍了两条非常实用的培养自信心的建议：第一，相信自己的能力可以提高；第二
9、，从失败中汲取经验教训。1选A前一句给出要更加自信的建议，后一句是说相信自己是有价值的，有能力的，这也是自尊，故A项“但是什么是自信？”衔接上下文，符合语境。2选F根据文章结构和空处所在位置可知，空处为该段的主题句。第一段最后一句是说要记住几条实用的建议，第二段第一句话应该是第一条建议，并结合该段的内容可知，本段主要讲述要相信自己的能力可以提高，故F项“相信你的能力能提高是第一步”符合语境。3选G根据上文中的“But if you have a growth mindset .grow with study and practice.”可知，如果你有成长的心态，认为你的能力可以提高，一项挑战将
10、变成学习和成长的机会，你大脑里的联系就会更强并且随着学习和练习而增加，由此可知，空处应是进一步说明有成长心态的人的优势，故G项符合语境。4选C空前一句是说失败很常见，空后两句又举例说明一些名人在成功前遭遇的失败，故C项“每个人都有可能经历失败”衔接上下文，符合语境。5选E空前一句是说那些经常失败但一直坚持的人会积极应对挑战，故E项“他们学着尝试不同的策略并坚持不懈”符合语境。B(2020南昌市高三摸底)Humans are made for walking.With our upright posture, quickchanging joints, and strong leg muscle
11、s, our bodies are actually designed with walking in mind which is what makes it such perfect exercise._1_ And best of all, its a great way to see new things and meet new people! Wherever you are, in the city or at the campground, youll find plenty of walking going on.Maybe you already love to walk,
12、but youll getting tired of tracing your same old route day after day or maybe youre new to walking and arent sure how to get started._2_ To get started, sit down with a map and find a goal.Ask yourself, what do you want to get out of walking aside from the health benefits? Do you want to meet other
13、people? See new places? _3_If making friends and socializing are your goal, you may call up your friends and schedule walks with them, since this will introduce you to new places and trails.You might also find open groups of dog walkers at your local park.Your campground staff might know about fun l
14、ocal walking groups you can join._4_ In cities large and small all over the country, walks are going on almost every weekend in support of cancer research, diabetes research, and other humanitarian causes._5_ Then tie your walking shoes and prepare to get to know the new area from the ground up! Man
15、y of our great historic cities offer detailed and wellplanned walking tours.Nearly any city you can think of offers a walking tour with maps, provided by the tourist administration.AHead to a new city?BSo why not focus on walking?CEither way, its time to walk with a purpose.DIts kind to our bodies a
16、nd great for our waistlines.EGet to know people by the power of your own two feet.FAnd be sure to stay on the lookout for walks to raise money.GKnowing these will help you decide on the type of walk you want.语篇解读：人类生来就会走路。徒步旅行是完美的运动，它对我们的身体有益，更重要的是，它是我们遇见新事物、结识新朋友的一个很好的途径。1选D空前说明徒步旅行是完美的运动，空后叙述徒步旅行的
17、益处，故空处也应是叙述徒步旅行的益处，D项“它对我们的身体和腰围有好处”符合语境。2选C根据前一句中的“Maybe you already love to walk”“or maybe youre new to walking”可知，空前一句叙述了两种徒步旅行的情况，与C项中的“Either way”相呼应，且C项中的“a purpose”与空后一句中的“a goal”相呼应，故选C项。3选G根据空前的几个问题“what do you want to get out of walking aside from the health benefits? Do you want to meet o
18、ther people? See new places？”可知，G项“知道这些将帮助你决定想要的徒步旅行类型”承接上文，符合语境。4选F根据空后一句中的“in support of cancer research, diabetes research, and other humanitarian causes”可知F项符合语境，其中“to raise money”与空后一句中的“in support of”相呼应。5选A根据空后的“to know the new area”“Nearly any city”可知，A项符合语境。C(2020合肥市高三调研性检测)An acquaintance
19、has something in common with you and merely enjoys your company for a short time.A fairweather friend flatters (讨好) you when the sun is shining and the birds are singing._1_ They would never do the following things.Walk away when times get tough.True friendship is all about how a person helps anothe
20、r person when they are down and can give very little in return.Thus, take note of who remains in your life when times get tough.Seriously, when you get into a difficult period in your life, look around you._2_Hold hatred (憎恨) over your head.Some people will refuse to accept that you are no longer wh
21、o you used to be that you made mistakes in the past, learned from them, and moved beyond them._3_ Instead, they help you repair your present and future.Pretend like they have all the answers.You may think about the people who have had the greatest positive effect on your life the ones who truly made
22、 a difference._4_ True friends are the ones who sit silently with you when you need a moment to think.Theyd always lend you a shoulder when you need to cry._5_ You deserve to be with friends who make you smile friends who dont take you for granted.When you notice that a friend is always taking advan
23、tage of you instead of offering help when you need, you might need to distance yourself from them for a while.A true friend should want to give, but they shouldnt be forced to always give more than they get.ALet you down.BTake from you without giving back.CThe people still standing beside you are yo
24、ur true friends.DTrue friends never hold the unchangeable past against you.ETrue friends love and appreciate each other just the way they are.FA true friend, on the other hand, has your very best interests at heart.GHowever, youll soon realize that they arent the ones that tried to solve all your pr
25、oblems.语篇解读：泛泛之交仅会陪伴你简短的时间，不能共患难的朋友仅在形势好的时候讨好你，只有真正的朋友会与你同甘共苦。真正的朋友在你经历困难时总是站在你身旁，绝不抓住你的过去不放，愿意为你付出。1选F根据上文可知，泛泛之交与你有共同点，仅会短时间陪伴你；同甘不共苦的朋友会在情况良好时讨好你；根据空后一句可知，他们绝不会做如下的事情(即下文中的不与你同患难等)。据此可推知，空处表述的内容与上文陈述的泛泛之交和同甘不共苦的朋友的行为作对比，陈述真正的朋友的行为，故F项正确。2选C通读该段可知，真正的朋友不会在你困难时离开；由空前一句可知，当你处于困难时期时，要看看周围的人；据此可推知，在困难
26、时期仍然站在你身边的人才是你真正的朋友。C项与此处匹配。3选D根据空后一句可知，相反，他们帮助你补救当前和未来；空处应是陈述真正的朋友的行为，即真正的朋友从来不会抓住你不可改变的过去不放，故D项正确。4选G根据该段前两句可知，真正的朋友绝不装作什么都知道；根据空后一句可知，真正的朋友是当你需要片刻时间思考时默默地坐在你身边的人。据此可推知，G项“然而，你将很快意识到他们不是试图解决你所有问题的人”符合语境，衔接上下文。5选B根据文章结构和空处所在位置可知，空处为该段的主题句；根据上文各段第一句可知，该处应为祈使句；再根据该段尾句可知，真正的朋友会想着付出。据此可知，该段主要陈述真正的朋友不是从
27、你那里一味地索取，故B项正确。D(2020福州市高三适应性练习)You probably think of food poisoning as something that you might pick up at a greasy spoon or an outdoor barbecue stand._1_ The way you handle food in your own kitchen which, unlike a restaurant, doesnt have to conform to health regulations can just as easily make you
28、 sick.Here are some most overlooked food safety guidelines.Wash your hands properly.This might seem like the most obvious food safety practice.However, most people dont bother to do it.And the minority that does wash doesnt do it properly which might be even more dangerous, because they think theyre
29、 protecting themselves and their families, when they arent._2_3_Chances are youve probably taken a bite of something in the fridge thats just a bit past the expiration date, in an effort to see if its safe to eat the rest of it.If its gone dangerously bad, it should taste extremely unpleasant, right
30、? _4_ According to the United States Department of Agriculture, there is one type of bacteria which typically doesnt alter the taste, smell or appearance of food.Wash fruit and veggies, even if youre going to peel (削皮) them._5_ The problem is that when you cut away the unwashed skin and then use the
31、 same knife to cut up whats underneath that, you actually may be spreading bacteria from the outside to the previously pristine inside.In fact, you can contaminate (弄脏) the veggies further if your salad bowl or sink is not clean.ANot necessarily.BBetter safe than sorry.CDont taste food to see if its
32、 good.DHowever you wash your hands, at least wash them.EWhy wash them when you are not going to eat the skin?FBut those arent the only places you might get food poisoning.GYou are supposed to wet your hands with running water, apply soap and wash for at least 20 seconds.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了在我们日常生活中一些被忽视的食物安
33、全指南，包括正确地洗手、削皮前要洗水果和蔬菜等。1选F空前一句是说你可能认为在低级餐馆或户外烧烤摊会食物中毒，空后一句是说你在自己厨房里处理食物的方式也容易使你生病，前后为转折关系，故F项符合语境。2选G根据该段的标题Wash your hands properly.可知，该段主要讲正确洗手，故G项“你应该用流动的水弄湿你的手，涂上肥皂，至少洗20秒”与此处匹配。3选C此处为该段的标题。根据本段内容可知，食物的味道、气味或外观即使没有变化，过了保质期的食物并不一定可以安全食用，故C项“不要品尝食物以确认其是否是好的”总结了该段内容。4选A根据语境可知，空处应是对前一问句的回答。根据空后一句说有一种细菌不会改变食物的味道、气味或外观可知，故A项符合语境。 5选E根据该段标题可知，该段讲的是水果和蔬菜去皮前要清洗，结合空后一句的内容可知，E项符合语境，故选E。
