1、返回目录 Under the sea Unit 3 返回目录 Section Grammarving形式的被动式返回目录 课堂要点精析课末随堂演练目录Contents 返回目录 课堂要点精析ving形式包括现在分词和动名词两种形式，其被动结构也有这两种形式。从时态上讲，v.ing形式的被动语态有一般式和完成式两种，即being done和havingbeen done。动名词的被动形式在句中可作主语、宾语；现在分词的被动形式在句中可作补语、定语和状语。返回目录 一、v.-ing 形式的被动式的一般式和完成式1一般式表示一个被动的动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。That build
2、ing being repaired is our library.正在维修的那座大楼是我们的图书馆。She insisted on being given the hardest work.她坚持要求被派给最艰苦的工作。返回目录 2完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。Having been invited,Mr Li went there to make a speech though he was busy.李先生被邀请后，尽管很忙，但他还是去那儿做了演讲。The school,having been built for two years,is intended for th
3、e disabled children.已经花了两年多时间建设的这所学校是为残疾儿童建造的。返回目录 二、v.-ing 形式的被动式在句中可以作下列成分1主语Being laughed at in public is a terrible experience.在公共场合被嘲笑是一种非常不愉快的经历。Being exposed to the sunlight is harmful to health.在太阳下暴晒对健康有害。返回目录 2宾语You cant eat anything before being operated on.在动手术之前你不能吃任何东西。I forget once be
4、ing taken to the sea when I was young.我忘了小时候曾被带到海边。返回目录【提示】在 want(需要),need,require 等动词以及 worth 这个形容词后，常用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义(并且主语一般是物)。The house wants cleaning.这间房屋需要打扫。His method is worth trying.他的方法值得一试。返回目录【注意】在 want(需要),need,require 后也可以用不定式的被动式。上一句也可以这样说：The house wants to be cleaned.3定语The meeting b
5、eing held now is very important.现在正在召开的会议非常重要。返回目录【提示】v-ing 形式的被动形式表示一个被动的动作正在进行；过去分词表示一个被动的动作已经发生；不定式的被动式表示将来的一个被动的动作。a meeting being held now现在正在举行的会议a meeting held yesterday昨天举行的会议a meeting to be held tomorrow明天将要举行的会议返回目录 4宾补He often watched the boats being unloaded.他常常看到船只卸货。5状语Being asked to g
6、ive a performance,she couldnt very well refuse.她被邀请表演一个节目，不好拒绝。返回目录 Having been told many times,he still repeated the same mistakes.尽管告诉他很多次了，他仍然犯同样的错误。三、v.-ing 形式的被动式的否定形式，是在其前面加 notThe man was unhappy for not having been invited to the party.因为没有被邀请参加聚会，那个人感到不高兴。返回目录 四、v.-ing 形式的被动式的复合结构当 v.-ing 形
7、式的被动式的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在 v.-ing 形式之前加上物主代词或名词所有格(句中可用人称代词宾格代替物主代词，名词普通格代替名词所有格)，其中物主代词(名词所有格)是逻辑上的主语，v.-ing 形式是逻辑上的谓语。返回目录 Im very pleased at you/your having been honoured with a medal.很高兴你能获得一枚奖牌。The decision having been made,the next problem is how to make a good plan.已经作出决定了，下一个问题就是如何制定一个好的规划了。返回目
8、录.单句语法填空1I appreciate _(give)the opportunity to study abroad two years ago,whichdoes good to my career.解析 appreciate doing sth感激做某事；appreciate只接动名词作宾语，give与主语I之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动名词的被动语态作宾语。课末随堂演练having been given/being given 返回目录 2Listening to music at home is one thing,andgoing to hear it _(perform)liv
9、e is quiteanother.解析 句意：在家里听音乐是一回事，到现场听音乐演奏是另外一回事。“hear宾语being done”听见正在被，强调宾补动作正在进行且表示被动含义。3(2019全国卷阅读改编)Many top Westerndesigners_(influence)bybeing performed are being influenced 返回目录 4 _(fail)many times,the youngscientist still kept on making his experiments.解析 fail与主语the young scientist之间是主谓关系且
10、fail的动作发生在谓语动词之前，所以用having failed来表示主动且完成的动作。Having failed 返回目录 5 Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquake and _(reduce)to ruins,the city took on a new look.解析 分析句子结构可知，and前后作after的宾语；reduce与city构成动宾关系，故填being reduced。being reduced 返回目录 6 _(bring)upinthecountryside made Mr Wilson very hardworking
11、 when hewas still young.解析 句意：Wilson先生在农村长大，这让他从小就不辞辛劳。此处bring up与Mr Wilson之间是动宾关系，故用动名词的被动形式。7 (2018 天 津 卷)Mywashingmachine_(repair)this week,so I have to wash myclothes by hand.Being brought is being repaired 返回目录 8(2017江苏卷)He hurried home,never oncelookingbacktoseeifhe_(follow)解析 句意：他匆匆回家，一次也没有回头
12、看看是否正被跟踪。根据hurried及句意判断本题应该使用过去进行时的被动语态。9I think that _(catch)cheating inan exam could ruin our future and it is simply not worththe risk.was being followed being caught 返回目录 10 _(admit)tothekeyuniversity is just the beginning;there is a long way to goahead of you.解析 句意：被重点大学录取仅仅是个开始，你前面还有很长的路要走。Bei
13、ng admitted 返回目录.语法与写作1(2019全国卷阅读改编)被人喜欢可以制造学习的机会，并且可以制造新的生活经历，它们可以使某些人获得某种优势。_ for learning and fornew kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain anadvantage.Being liked creates opportunities 返回目录 2(2015湖南卷书面表达)作为一名学生，我可以告诉你没有什么比被老师在同学面前表扬更好。As a student,I can tell you that there is nothingb
14、etter than_ beforemy classmates.3(2015浙江卷书面表达)我这样选择的主要原因是，在强调集体主义的文化中被养大，我倾向于为了集体利益牺牲个人利益。Themainreasonformychoiceisthat_emphasizingcollectivism,I tend to sacrificeinterest for thebeing praised by my teacher being brought up in a culture 返回目录 4放学后我们去阅览室看书，却被告知它正在装修。After school we went to the reading room to dosomereading,onlytobetoldthat_.5(2019江苏卷阅读改编)他站在钢琴旁边，闭着眼睛，第一次听着自己的作品被别人演奏。He stood by the piano,eyes closed,listening for theit was being decorated being played by someone else
