1、Module 8 Unit 2 Cloning 阅读课 阅读话题: 克隆学习目标：通过阅读课文Cloning: Where is it leading us? 学习并了解植物与动物克隆的区别、多莉羊的诞生与死亡以及由此引发的争论，阐明人们对克隆的不同看法。学法指导：运用略读阅读法把握文章大意，用跳读法获取细节信息。预习自测题 根据课文内容，选择最佳答案1. The main idea of the text is _.A. animal cloning is very valuable and can benefit the worldB. animal cloning could be mi
2、sused by bad people so it must be forbiddenC. animal cloning is well developed because Dolly the sheep was bornD. animal cloning raised arguments and scientists are not sure about its future2. Dolly the sheep _.A. looked exactly like the sheep that provided the eggB. was the exact copy of the sheep
3、that provided the nucleusC. looked like the sheep that gave birth to itD. had the characteristics of all the three sheep3. It can be inferred from the passage that a cloned animal _.A. usually lives as long as the original oneB. usually lives longer than the original oneC. usually dies at an earlier
4、 age than the original oneD. is usually as healthy as the original one4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text?A. Cloning animals is as complicated as cloning plants.B. Scientists can clone animals as well as plants now.C. Dolly the sheep was the first successful clone
5、of a mammal.D. Cloning made a valuable influence on medical research.5. What is the writers attitude towards cloning?A. The writer is against cloning. B. The writer is in favor of cloning.C. The writer is indifferent to cloning.D. The writer doesnt state any personal opinion about cloning.课堂检测题课文细节理
6、解： Read the passage and answer these questions.1. What are the two major uses of cloning?2. Why is it easier to make commercial plant clones than animal clones?3. What was the first clone from an adult animal? At what age did this clone die?4. Why is cloning controversial in some countries? 当堂训练题段落归
7、纳填空（每空一词）Para.Main idea1What _ is2_ of cloning3The _ of Dolly4The _ of Dolly5Peoples _ towards cloning短文填空Cloning is a way of making an _1_(exactly) copy of another animal or plant. It has two major uses. Firstly, gardeners use it to earn profits._2_(two), it is valuable for research on new plant sp
8、ecies and _3_ medical research on animals. Although cloning animals is difficult _4_(undertake), the cloned animal Dolly the sheep made _5_ breakthrough in 1996. The fact _6_ she seemed to develop normally was very _7_(encourage). But she had half of the _8_(long) of the original sheep, _9_ arose sc
9、ientists concern. Up to now, cloning is still _10_(controversy).课后练习题一、专题阅读When you look at yourself in the mirror, do you ever wonder why you look the way you do?No two faces look exactly alike, making a human face as unique as a fingerprint. Genetics obviously play a major role-no two faces share
10、the same DNA. But even in identical twins, who have the same DNA, there are still small differences in their appearances. So what is it that makes each face different?The answer lies in a small piece of you NDA called a gene enhancer, according to a study published in the journal Science. There are
11、thousands of enhancers in the human genome (基因组), study leader Axel Visel, a research with Berkeley Lab, US, told Discovery.According to Visel, these DNA pieces act like switches, turning genes on and off and therefore determining whether a certain facial feature develops in a fetus (胎儿) while it is
12、 still in the womb (子宫).Whats interesting about gene enhancers is that they dont have to be found anywhere close to the genes they affect. They are able to control their targets from far away, which makes them even more influential.To test how powerful these special DNA pieces are in shaping the fac
13、e, researchers deleted three of the gene enhancers in mice and pared them with normal mice at 8 weeks of age. The results showed that each enhancer deletion caused a distinct set of differences in the shape of the face-for example, causing an increase or decrease in facial length or width.In fact, s
14、cientists first noticed the existence of gene enhancer long ago, but they called them. junk DNA back then because they didnt produce prcteins and were thought to have no biological function. But now its increasingly clear that important functions are deeply and firmly fixed in this junk, Visel told
15、New Scientist.Understanding this may help scientists learn why and how things go wrong as a fetus develops, leading to facial defects (变异) such as cleft lips (唇腭裂). While some of these defects are caused by genetic mutations (变异), researchers want to study whether gene enhancers also play a role.1.
16、The main purpose of the first paragraph is _.A. to arouse readers interest to go further readingB. to encourage readers to look at himself in the mirrorC. to invite readers to answer a scientific questionD. to remind the readers that everyones face is different2. Which of the following, statement is
17、 True according to the passage?A. A humans face is determined by his fingerprints.B. No identical twins have exactly the same appearance.C. Its unknown what makes each face different.D. People with the same DNA have the same faces.3. According to the passage, gene enhancers_.A. play an important rol
18、e in shaping ones faceB. can only affect the genes they are close toC. are not so powerful as the scientists expectedD. are not found by scientist until recently4. Why are gene enhancer called as junk DNA ?A. Because they had no biological function.B. Because they looked like the junks.C. Because th
19、ey only affected the facial characteristics.D. Because they didnt produce proteins.5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Development of solving problems of facial birth defects.B. A new discovery of genetics is found by the journal Science.C. Gene enhancers determine facial characteristics.D. H
20、ow facial feature develops in a fetus in the womb.二、七选五Last week, Microsoft released a study that sought to analyze the impact that technology cell phones and social media specifically is having on our attention span and the quality of our focus. They found some pretty significant changes compared w
21、ith research conducted 15 years ago. Lets take a look at the findings.1. The average attention span has fallen to just eight seconds.The average human attention span in 2000 was 12 seconds, and now its just eight.36_. Apparently, a goldfish has an attention span of nine seconds. Measuring the attent
22、ion span of animals is sort of tricky stuff though so its possible we still have them beat.2. Young people were most likely to demonstrate addiction-like behaviors when it came to digital technology.Seventy-seven percent of 18- to 24-year-old responded yes when asked if the following statement was t
23、rue for them: When nothing is occupying my attention, 37_ Only 10 percent of people over 65 said the same thing.3. Young people may be more alert, just for shorter increments of time.The good news is that these young people, 38_, as the study sometimes refers to them, have developed some strength to
24、 accommodate for their shorter attention spans.4.39_.Part of the explanation for the shortened attention span comes from what the study refers to as multi-screening viewing multiple screens at once, using social media while consuming the latest news, etc. As long as the environment is active, early
25、tech adopters are able to process information and commit it to memory more efficiently. But, 40 _ probably due to their decreased ability to focus for long periods of time.A the first thing I do is reach for my phone.B The ability to multitask has improvedC early adopters of technologyD their capabilities fall short if the digital experience is passiveE The decrease was found across genders and all age groups. F the important thing I want to do is to surf the internet by phone.
