1、M8U3 The World of Colours and LightVocabulary1.abstract adj.based on general ideas and not on any particular person,thing or situation理论知识抽象原理abstract knowledge/principles n.a short written statement of 摘要,概要I must make an abstract of the document.in the abstract 抽象地,从理论上说Talking about bringing up c
2、hildren in the abstract just isnt enough.v.abstract sth.from 提取,抽取She abstracted the main points from the argument.abstracted 出神的,心不在焉的absent-minded2.architect n.a person whose job is designing buildings or who is responsible for planning an idea or event 设计师,缔造者,创造者He is the architect who designed
3、the building.我不知道谁是那次革命的发动者.I dont know who was the architect of the revolution.architecture n.1)the art and study of designing buildings 建筑学2)the design and style of a building 建筑设计/风格He studies architecture in Europe.19世纪的建筑风格the architecture of the 19th century 现代建筑设计modern architecture3.output n
4、.the amount of sth that a person,a machine or an organization produces 产量，输出量That country ranks last in industrial output.The average output of the factory is 100 cars a day.vt.to supply or produce information,results,etc.输出（信息）Computers can now output data much more quickly.4.medium adj.in the midd
5、le between two sizes 中等的，中号的There are three sizes small,medium and large.n.a way of communicating information,etc.to people（传播信息的）媒介，手段，方法Television is the modern medium of communication.medium n.pl.datum n.pl.phenomenon n.pl.mediadataphenomena5.acute adj.1)very serious or severe 严重的；The actress suf
6、fers from acute depression(忧郁症).2)(of the senses 感官)very sensitive and well developed 敏锐的；She has acute hearing.3)an acute illness is one that has quickly become sever and dangerous(疾病)急性的acute appendicitis 急性阑尾炎6.consensus mon agreement 一致的意见，共识我不确定他们最终是否能达成共识。I am not sure whether they will reach
7、a consensus in the end.She is skilled at achieving consensus on sensitive issues.她擅长为敏感问题达成共识进行斡旋。7.calculate v.1)to use numbers to find out a total number 计算,核算油价以美元计算。Oil prices are calculated in dollars.It has been calculated that at least 47000 jobs were lost last year.据估算,去年至少失去了47000个工作。2)to g
8、uess sth or form an opinion by using all the information available 预测,推测I calculate that Aunt Li will arrive at 8:00 p.m.it is/was calculated that calculate on something calculate on doing sth.calculated adj.精心策划的 be calculated for 为适合而设计，适合于 be calculated to do sth.打算做,可能做This sort of life isnt cal
9、culated to appeal to a young man of 20.这种生活对于一个20岁的年轻小伙子不大可能有吸引力。calculation n.calculator n.calculating adj.Jack is a criminal with a cold and calculating mind.冷酷而狡诈 calculable:can be calculated8.impress v.1)impress sb(with sb/sth)给留下深刻的印象He impressed her with his sincerity.His sincerity impressed h
10、er.It impressed me that she remembered my name.2)impress sth on/upon sb使意识到（重要性或严重性等）He impressed on us the need for immediate action.3)impress sth/itself on/upon sth to have a great effect on sth,especially ones mind,imagination,etc.使铭记,留下印象 Her words impressed themselves on my memory.她的话语我铭记在心里。im
11、pression n.1)an idea or an opinion that you get about sb/sth impression of sb/sthto get a good or bad impression of sb/sthMy first impression of him was favorable.2)the effect that an experience or a person has on sb/sth impression on sbMy words made no impression on her.我说的话对她没任何作用。My trip to the G
12、reat Wall made a strong impression on me.3)an amusing copy of the way a person acts or speaks (对某人举止言谈的)滑稽模仿He did his impression of Tom Hanks.be under the impression that believing,usually wrongly,that sth is true 误认为我还以为工作早已经完成了。I was under the impression that the work had already been completed.i
13、mpressionist 印象派画家;用滑稽方式模仿名流的人Impressionism 印象主义，印象派mit v.(committed committing)1)to do sth.wrong or illegal 犯（罪或错等）commit crimes commit suicide They committed outrages on innocent citizens.2)to promise sincerely that you will definitely do sth.承诺(做某事)commit oneself to doing=be committed to doing st
14、h.He didnt commit himself to anything.他没有做任何承诺。3)委托，托付The orphan was committed to the care of an mitment n.1.the commitment of funds to medicine2.a commitment to pay$10,000 to charity3.Were looking for someone with a real sense of commitment to the job.10.reward n.a thing that you are given because
15、you have done sth.good,worked hard,etc.奖励，回报He got a reward of$10,000 for catching the criminal.v.to give sth.to sb.because they have done sth.good,worked hard,etc.奖励，奖赏，给以报酬How can I reward your kindness?辨析：award prize reward reward:指对某人的工作或服务等报答；有时也指帮助失主找到东西或帮助警察抓到罪犯。prize:指各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所获之奖，有的凭能力获得
16、，有的凭运气获得。award:指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人，往往强调荣誉。11.upwards of 在以上，大于，超过He paid upwards of$1,000.Upwards of a hundred people came to the meeting.拓展downwards backwards forwards towards12.be off to 去，离开去 go off to leave for set out for 出发去 sail for 朝航行head for 前往 make for 走向；有助于，促进13.admission 1)the rig
17、ht to enter a place or to join an institution or organization 进入权He gained admission into this university.2)a statement in which ab admits that sth is true,especially sth wrong or bad 承认He is a thief by his own admission.他自己供认是小偷。3)the amount of money that you pay to go into a building or to an even
18、t 入场费，门票费The charge for admission is$5.14.scenery 1)the natural features of an area 风景，景色2)the painted background on a theatre stage 布景，道具The scenery in the mountain is very beautiful.辨析:scenery scene sight viewscenery 多指自然景色The scenery as one travels by boat along the Changjiang Three Gorges is mar
19、velous.scene 指眼前的景色，也可以指scenery 的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及其活动The scene after the earthquake was horrible.sight 场景、眼前的景观，也可以指名胜a sad sightsee the historical sights of London view 指远处或高处看到的scenery 的一部分There is a fine view of the mountains from our hotel window.15.cut up 切碎She cut up the vegetables and fed the ch
20、icken with them.拓展:cut across 取捷径cut in 插嘴cut back 修剪，减少cut off 中断cut down 砍倒cut out(of)剪下，停止使用I cut this article out of the newspaper.The doctor asked me to cut sugar out of my diet.be cut out for sth/to be sth 是做某事的料She is not cut out for singing and dancing.16.lay(laid laid laying)放置,产卵;lie(lay l
21、ain lying)躺着,位于;lie(lied lied lying)撒谎拓展:lay out 设计，安排；陈列；花费；lay off 解雇；停止使用laid off workers 下岗工人 lay tables 放桌子lay aside 把搁置一旁；留存，储存 lay down 放下（武器）；放弃；制定（条例或原则）lay on 安排，供应lay in 储备17.disgusting adj.1)extremely unpleasant 极糟的，令人不快的What a disgusting smell!2)unacceptable and shocking 令人厌恶的，令人气愤的I th
22、ink its disgusting that theyre closing the local hospital.disgusted:feeling or showing disgust 感到厌恶的be disgusted to do sth 气愤地做disgusting常修饰物disgusted多修饰人disgust v.make sb.feel shocked and almost ill 使反感，使厌恶，使作呕The thought of dissecting(解剖)a frog disgusts me.n.a strong feeling of dislike or disappro
23、val for sb./sth.that you feel is unacceptable 反感，恶心with disgust 反感地Everybody except Joe looked at me with disgust.in disgust 愤愤地Much to my disgust,I found there were no toilets for the disabled.令人气愤的是18.spray n.very small drops of a liquid that are sent through the air 浪花，水花；喷剂sea spraythe spray of
24、a waterfalla can of insect spray 一罐喷雾杀虫剂vt.to cover sb./sth.with very small drops of a liquid that are sent through the air 喷，喷洒spray an insecticide upon plantsspray the furniture with paint19.dip dipped dipping v.to put sth quickly into a liquid and take it out again 蘸，浸He dipped his hand into the
25、sea to find how cold it was.dip into a book 浏览一本书dip into ones pocket 花钱dip into the future 展望未来n.the act of dipping 游一游，泡一泡 to have a dip 短促的沐浴（游泳）I am going to have a dip/for a dip.我只是想泡一会儿。20.have a go=have a try go 在这里是名词，意思是“尝试、努力”have a go at sth.尝试某事Ill have a go at fixing it tonight.have a go at sb.指责某人The boss had a go at me for being late.拓展:at one go 一口气，一举be all go 忙得要命be on the go 非常忙碌make a go of sth.在.方面成功He blew out all the candles in his birthday cake at one go.Its all go in the office today.Ive been on the go all week.Shes determined to make a go of her new career.
