1、Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsSection Learning about Language语 言 基 础 自 测.单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词 1The device was protected by(专利权)2The(仁慈的)king saved the young officer from death.3We did not know what had made him change his mind so(突然地)patentmercifulabruptly4These(产品)may help you to keep slim.5Ther
2、e is a(愉快的)smile on her face.6The dog wagged its tail inof a bone.7I can find his telephone number in the telephone 8If it isfor you this weekend，please come to myhouse to help me paint the fence.productsmerryexpectationdirectoryconvenient9Dont blame your son.Its very difficult for a five-year-old c
3、hild tobetween right and wrong.10Sue looked at the man in black with great，because hebehaved strangely.cautiondistinguish.拓展词汇 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词 1vi.&vt.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的 2mercy n仁慈；宽恕；怜悯adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的 3stain n&v污点；瑕疵；(被)污染adj.无锈的；不锈的；没有污点的 distinguishmercifulstainless4adj.
4、便利的；方便的；就近的convenience n方便；便利；便利设施 5n小心；谨慎cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地 cautionconvenient寻规律、巧记忆 n.-lessadj.n.-fuladj.aimaimless 无目的的carecareless 粗心的homehomeless 无家的carecareful 细心的harmharmful 有害的peacepeaceful 和平的.补全短语 根据提示补全下列短语 1call 给打电话 2nowthen偶尔；有时 3set开始；着手 4distinguish 把和区别开 5app
5、lya patent申请专利 upandaboutfromfor6caution小心地；谨慎地 7get rid除掉；摆脱 8decide决定 withofon.选词填空 选用上述短语的适当形式填空 1，she opened the door and moved silently into the corridor.2If I know her number，I can her 3In summer I go swimming in the Lijiang River 4He was called Smith Minor to him the other Smiths.5I hope you
6、have managed to your cold.With cautioncallupnow and thendistinguishfromget rid of背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实 1.The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me，but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有什么产品能帮助我，但看来只有设计用来一种毒杀蛇的药粉。there seems/seemed t
7、obe 是 there be 句型的变体，表示“似乎有”。_more and more graduates wanting to apply for jobs rather than take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools.现在想直接参加工作而不是考研的毕业生似乎越来越多了。There seems to be 2.Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.只有你得到这种认可之后，你才可以说自己是一
8、个真正的发明家。“only状语(从句)”放在句首，主句使用部分倒装句式。_ you have reached eighteen _.只有当你年满十八周岁后，你才能参军。can you join the armyOnly after3.The criteria are so strict thatit is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.(评定)标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。sothat“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。It was _ we all stayed at h
9、ome.昨天天气很冷，我们都待在家里不出来。so coldyesterday that 4.Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone elses.你的产品要经过仔细调查，证明它确实是与众不同的，你才能获得专利。否定副词 nor 放在句首时，主句使用部分倒装。Tom isnt nervous，_.汤姆不紧张，玛丽也不紧张。nor is Mary 核 心 要 点 探 究 call up 给打电话；
10、(使)回忆起；征召入伍(教材 P20)When I called up my mother in the countryside on thetelephone she was very upset.我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候，她感到很心烦。call at 拜访(某地)call back召唤某人回来；回电话 call for要求；需要；接(某人)call in请来；召集 call off取消 call on/upon邀请；号召；拜访(某人)Time past cannot be called back again.光阴一去不复返。They callpeople and the govern
11、ment to take measures tofight against it.他们呼吁人们和政府采取措施来抵制它。Why was the football match called?为什么取消足球赛？offonThe sound of happy laughter calledmemories of mychildhood.这欢笑声使我回忆起了童年。up distinguish vi.&vt.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别(教材 P20)Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself byinventing something merciful
12、that would catch snakes but not harm them.这回我有机会来表现一下自己了，我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇捉住，又不会伤害它们。(1)distinguish betweenand 区分/辨别和 distinguishfrom使有别于的特征；区别/辨别和 distinguish oneself by通过显示自己或使自己扬名 distinguish oneself(as)(作为)表现突出(2)distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的 True adults are able to distinguish between what they
13、 have to doand what they want to do.真正的成年人能辨别出什么是该做的事和什么是想做的事。The man distinguished(he)by a major breakthrough inthe treatment of cancer.这个人因其在治疗癌症方面有了重大突破而扬名。himself My brother is a most(distinguish)mana greatactor.我弟弟是一个非常杰出的人一个伟大的演员。distinguished 语境助记 She distinguished herself by her strong accen
14、t，which wasdistinguished.她因为她的浓重的口音而与众不同，这一点很明显。set about 开始；着手(教材 P20)I set about researching the habits of snakes to find theeasiest way to trap them.我就着手研究蛇的习性，以便能找到捕蛇的最简易的方法。set out 出发；启程；开始 set off出发；动身；引爆 set aside留出；对不予考虑 set down记下，写下 set up树立(榜样)；设立；创立 be set in以为背景 We can set out early so
15、that well have more time to read andselect books.我们早动身以便有更多的时间阅读或挑选图书。I try to seta few minutes each day to take some exercise.我每天尽量腾出一些时间锻炼一下身体。He set about(do)his homework after supper.晚饭后他开始做家庭作业。doingaside名师点津 作“开始做”讲时，set about 后接动词-ing 形式作宾语，而set out 后跟动词不定式作宾语。convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的(教材 P2
16、0)They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in thewall.它们突然就消失在附近的墙洞里去了。(1)be convenient for sb./sth.对是方便的 It is convenient for sb.to do sth.某人方便做某事 be convenient for/to sth.离很近(2)convenienceU方便；便利 C便利的设施 for convenience为了方便起见 at ones convenience在方便的时候 for the convenience of sb.为了某人的方便(3)conv
17、eniently adv.方便地 If its convenient for you，lets meet at 8：30 outside the schoolgate.如果你方便的话，让我们 8：30 在学校门口碰头。Would it be convenient for you(leave)tomorrow？你明天走方便吗？Ikeepmyreferencebooksnearmydeskfor_(convenient)我为了方便把参考书放在书桌旁。convenienceto leaveCome by to see usyour convenience.Come by to see us when
18、 it is convenient for you.在你方便的时候来看看我们。at 名师点津 (1)convenient 作表语时，不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，且在 It is convenient for sb.to do sth.结构中介词 for 不能用介词 of 代替。(2)convenience 意为“方便；便利”时为不可数名词，意为“便利的事物或设施”时，为可数名词。caution n小心；谨慎(教材 P20)This time with great caution I bent down to examine thesnakes and I found them very s
19、leepy.这一次我小心翼翼地蹲下去检查的时候，发现它们已经睡意浓浓的。(1)with caution 小心地(2)cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的 be cautious about/of对小心谨慎 be cautious to do sth.做小心谨慎(3)cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地 We must download files with caution from the Internet.从网上下载文件我们必须谨慎。As the online customers，we should be(caution)whileshopping online.作为网络消费者，
20、我们在网上购物的时候应该谨慎。Handle the vase(cautious)花瓶要轻拿轻放。We must be cautious(handle)the problem.我们必须谨慎处理这个问题。cautiouscautiouslyto handleexpectation n预料；期待；期望(教材 P21)This was in the expectation that the snakes would biteagain.这是因为我预料蛇还会再咬人。(1)above/below expectations高于/低于预期 beyond(ones)expectations出乎意料(好于预期)l
21、ive up to(ones)expectations达到预期 in expectation of期待；指望；预料(2)expect vt.期待；预料 expect(sb.)to do sth.期望(某人)做某事；预料(某人)做某事 He offered to undertake the task in expectation of obtaining hisbosss appreciation.他主动承担这项任务，希望得到老板的赏识。She has succeededour expectations.她取得的成功超出了我们的预期。His performance did not live up
22、our expectations.他的表现有负重望。I expect my brother(take)part in this project.我期待哥哥能参加这个项目。beyondtoto takeseize vt.抓住；捉住；夺(教材 P21)Pressed by my friends and relations，I decided to seize the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.在朋友和亲戚的敦促下，我决定抓住这次
23、机会把我的发明送到专利局去，请他们对我这次成功的思路给予认可。(1)seize sb.by the 抓住某人的部位 seize the chance/opportunity 抓住机会(2)seize on/upon 采用；抓住；利用(借口等)You should seize the opportunity to work abroad with bothhands.你应该紧紧抓住这次出国工作的机会。He seized Marythe arm when she wanted to leave.当玛丽想离开时他一把抓住她的胳膊。Tom seizedthe excuse to get out of
24、the practice.汤姆利用这个借口逃避了练习。on/uponby(教材 P20)The first thing I did was to see if there were anyproducts that might help me，but there only seemed to be powdersdesigned to kill snakes.我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有什么产品能帮助我。但看来只有毒杀蛇的药粉。【要点提炼】句中 there only seemed to be powders designed 是there be 句型的变体，表示“似乎仅有”。其中过去分词 d
25、esigned作定语。(1)句型 There ben.v.ing/v.ed 中 v.ing，v.ed 作后置定语。如果名词与后面的分词存在主动关系，用 v.ing 形式，如果是被动关系，则 v.ed 形式。(2)there be 句型有多种变体，主要有：Thereseems/happens/appears to be主语其他 Therestands/lies/lives/exists/remains/主语其他 There情态动词be主语其他 There used to be主语其他 There be 句式的非谓语动词形式：There being/There to be There are ma
26、ny students standing in a queue to welcome theold soldier.有很多学生正站队欢迎这位老兵。There used to be a supermarket near his home.他家附近曾经有一家超市。There(stand)a big tree in front of our building.在我们的大楼前面矗立着一棵大树。There(be)no taxi，we had to walk home.由于没有出租车，我们不得不走回家去。beingstands(教材 P21)Only after you have had that rec
27、ognition can yousay that you are truly an inventor.只有你得到这种认可之后，你才可以说自己是一个真正的发明家。【要点提炼】only状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)位于句首时，句子需部分倒装。“Only状语情态动词/助动词/be 动词主语谓语其他”是一个典型的倒装形式。其中的状语可以是副词、介词词组和状语从句。这种倒装句属于部分倒装，只将情态动词、助动词和系动词放在主语的前面，谓语动词的其他部分放在主语之后。Only in this way can you work out this problem.只有用这种方法你才能解出这道题。Only wh
28、en we had studied the data again did we realize that therewas a mistake.只有当我们再次研究了这些数据的时候，我们才意识到出了一个错误。Only after my friend camethe computer repaired.只有我朋友来了之后才修计算机。was 名师点津 若 only 修饰的状语不位于句首，或位于句首的 only 用来修饰的不是状语，而是主语时，均不用倒装。1Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventingsomething merc
29、iful that would catch snakes but not harm them.【分析】本句为复合句。主句为倒装句，主语为 a chance。that引导的是一个定语从句，修饰先行词 something，并且 that 不可以省略。merciful 为形容词，用来修饰 something。distinguish oneself 是固定短语，表示：使自己扬名。【翻译】这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇捉住，又不会伤害它们。2The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideasa
30、ccepted unless they are truly novel.【分析】本句为复合句。sothat 句型表示：如此以至于。it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式to get new ideas accepted。unless 引导的是条件状语从句。novel 是形容词，意思是：新的；新颖的；新奇的。【翻译】(评定)专利标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。随 堂 效 果 落 实.单句语法填空 1The government has been(caution)in its response tothe report.2What was it that distinguish
31、ed herher classmates?3Please give him lots of love instead of high(expect);otherwise he will be loaded with great pressure.4We must arrange a(convenience)time and place forthe meeting.cautiousfromexpectationconvenient5There seemed(be)something wrong with my pen.6On reaching the city，do remember to c
32、all me 7The rumours were eagerly seizedby the local press.8Only after a long argument(do)he agree with us.9He setdoing his homework after supper.10We havent seen each other for years，but we chat online nowthen.to beupupondidaboutand.完成句子 1Reading good books enriches our mind and _ 阅读好书既能丰富我们的知识又教我们明
33、辨是非。2five years ago，where three buildingshave been set up.五年前这儿好像有条河，现在那里已建起了三座建筑物。There seemed to be a riverteaches us todistinguish between right and wrong3，please call me back.如果方便的话，请给我回个电话。4These old photos 这些旧照片让我想起了我的老朋友。5Only by studying hard 只有通过努力学习，你才能取得好成绩。can you get good gradesIf it is convenient for youcalled up memories of my old friend点击右图进入 课 时 分 层 作 业 Thank you for watching!
