1、九、主谓一致阅读下面材料，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1(2015 全国新课标)Yangshuo _(be)really beautiful.A study of travelers conducted by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.1is。考查主谓一致和时态。根据后文的时态可知这里使用一般现在时，介绍客观情况，又因为Yangshuo 是第三人称单数，所以这里使用 is。2(2015 全国新课标)This cycle _(go)day after
2、day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.2goes。考查时态和主谓一致。此处指前面提到的循环不断地持续下去。这种情况是客观事实，故用一般现在时。且主语为单数，故填 goes。主谓一致，即谓语动词在人称和数上必须和主语一致。下面就中学英语所涉及的内容作些介绍。情况例句常用单数当主语是不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句等时谓语动词用单
3、数The work is important.To serve the country is our duty.代词each以及由every、some、no、any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each、every时谓语动词用单数Each of the students is working hard at his or her lessons，hoping to go to university.Each girl and each boy in our class likes sports.情况例句常用单数表示金钱、时间、价格或度量衡的复数名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓
4、语动词用单数Ten years is a moment in history.Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.Ten thousand dollars is a large sum.以ics结尾表学科的复形名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数Mathematics is my favorite.Politics is often a topic for discussion among us.在这样一些短语，如“many a，more than one”所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。Many a
5、person has read the novel.情况例句取意观形定单复“the形容词/分词”作主语指“一类”人或事物时，谓语动词常用复数，但若指“某一个”人或“抽象的”事物时，谓语动词用单数The poor need help from society.The agreeable is not always the useful.当主语是由and并列的两个或两个以上的部分组成时，谓语动词一般都用复数，但如果由and并列的两部分表示的是一个单一的概念，或指同一人或同一物时(and此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词)，谓语动词用单数Reading and writing are very impo
6、rtant.The iron and steel industry is very important.情况例句取意观形定单复在“复数名词定语从句”中，从句的谓语动词一般用复数，但如果“one”前有“this、the、the only”等词修饰时，定语从句的引导词指代one，作从句主语时，从句谓语动词用单数This is one of the best novels that have appeared this year.He was the only one of the boys who was praised.主语是“a number of(许多)/a variety of(各式各样)
7、复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；但“the number/variety of 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数A number of students in this class are from Sichuan.The number of students in this college has doubled.There are a variety of toys in this shop.The variety of goods in this shop is rich.情况例句取意观形定单复the Olympics作主语，谓语动词用单数；the Olympic Games作主语
8、，谓语动词用复数The 2012 Olympic Games were considered a big success.The 2012 Olympics was considered a big success.a pair of shoes/trousers/glasses作主语时，谓语用单数；如果shoes，trousers，glasses作主语时，谓语用复数A pair of shoes was just what he wanted.Shoes were just what he wanted.情况例句取意观形定单复“a单数名词or two”作主语，谓语用单数形式；“one or
9、two复数名词”作主语，谓语用复数形式An apple or two lies on the desk./One or two apples lie on the desk.一两个苹果放在桌子上。集体名词audience，class，family，team，group等作主语时，若指一个整体，谓语动词用单数，若指具体成员，则用复数。The class is big.这个班很大。The class are discussing the plan.这个班的学生正在讨论这个计划。(指该班学生)情况例句邻近优先当主语由“either.or.”，“neither.nor.”或“not only.but
10、also.”连接时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致Either you or she is to go.当主语是由“not A but B”结构组成时，谓语动词的数取决于B的数Not you but your brother is to blame.如果句子是由here、there引导，而主语又不止一个，则谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语一致There is a pen，a knife and two books on the desk.There are 20 boy students and 23 girl students in the class.Here are two books f
11、or you.情况例句向前看主语当主语后面接有由with、together with、like、except、including、but、no less than、rather than、as well as等词引导的短语时，谓语动词的数与这些词前面的主语的数保持一致A woman with children has come.He rather than you is responsible.All but Jane know the secret.The teacher as well as the students likes this painting.情况例句of结构前后观当主语被h
12、alf of、part of、most of、two thirds of、the rest of、some of、all of、none of等修饰时，谓语动词通常与of后面的名词、代词保持一致Most of his time is spent travelling.Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.amount of和quantity of用来修饰名词时，谓语动词要与amount和quantity的数保持一致Large amounts of water are needed.A large quantity of
13、 apples is needed.情况例句of结构前后观由a kind of，this/that kind of，many/these/those kinds of以及名词of this kind和与kind意义相近的sort，type构成的类似短语作主语时，谓语动词与of前的名词的数保持一致A new type of machine is on show now.一种新型的机器正在展出。Machines of this type are on show now.这种类型的机器正在展出。阅读下面材料，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1The Smiths family _(be)a large
14、one.His family_(be)very fond of their old house.2The Olympic Games _(be)held every four years.1is;are。family在表“家庭”整体时，谓语动词用单数，但若表示“家庭成员”，谓语动词用复数。2are。the Olympic Games作主语，谓语动词用复数。3 Three fourths of the earths surface _(be)covered with water.4There _(be)one or two letters.Id like to answer this eveni
15、ng.3is。分数作主语，谓语动词与分数后的名词一致，earths surface是可数名词单数，所以谓语用单数。表述客观规律、存在时，用一般现在时。4are。one or two后加可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。5On the ceiling of our classroom _(hang)four lights.6It is said that the police _(be)trying their best to catch the murderer.5hang。这是一个倒装句。句子主语为four lights，所以谓语动词用复数形式。而且hang是不及物动词，不用被动。6are。th
16、e police在此处强调具体成员；且由后面的形容词性物主代词their可知，谓语动词用复数。7I have finished a large part of the book；the rest _(be)more difficult.8Nothing _(have)been done to stop the lake from being polluted.7is。the rest作主语时，谓语动词的数与其修饰的名词保持一致。8has9Either of the rooms _(be)big enough.10More questions than one _(have)been asked
17、.9.is 10.have11The professor，including all of his students _(have)gone abroad.12Ten minutes _(be)enough for me to finish the meal.11.has 12.is 13Vanity Fair _(be)a book popular with college students.14Politics _(be)not easy for students to learn well.13.is 14.is15The rich _(be)getting richer while the poor poorer.15.are
