1、解密21语法填空序号题型真题Part 1解密高考考点综述 备考建议Part 2对点解密考点精准说1. 真题对点析1. 对点模拟练1.Part 3强化集训真题模测、典题模测Part 1解密高考【考点综述】语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。近年高考英语该题型的文章以记叙文和说明文为主，考查的要点分为词法和语法两部分，词法部分包括：1)词类的转换，结合语境考查给出的提示词的名词、形容词或副词变化；2)介词的固定搭配，名词的复数形式及运用；语法部分包括：时态和语态的综合运用，非谓语动词，各种从句等。【备考建议】1.名词形式、
2、动词形式和代词形式的变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化；动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)；代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如noonenone、otheranother等。3.形容词、副词比较级变化。英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和est，或在词前Imoreless和mostleast，且形容词的最高级还要冠以th
3、e。4.数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一teen、ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及onetwo的特殊变化形式oncetwice从上下文连续起来理解，这是一个分马的计划，大儿子分得ahalf，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。5.词的派生。词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的，派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。6.固定短语结构。根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或
4、后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。7.从句引导词。从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。8.短语动词结构及短语介词结构。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语，如：exceptfor，dueto等。9.连词、关联短语结构。常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while等，常用的关联短语有bothand.，eitheror.，neithernor.，notonlybutalso.等。10.冠词、介词和常用的副词。冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断；常用的介词有
5、in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配；副词的量还是比较多，如：however，never，yet，much等。11.上下文中出现的相关词。这一招是最为灵活的，但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识，填入某个已出现的词，或其反义词，或其同类的某个词。答案的线索可能在本句，可能出现在上下相连的一句，还可能出现在比较远的地方上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句，则线索可能在上下段的首句；Part 2对点解密【真题对点析】1（2020 全国卷I） China has become the first country to land a
6、spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Change-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess _61_ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moons far side is _62_ (extreme) challenging. Because the moons body blocks direct radio com
7、munication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot _63_ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular _64_ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so _65_ the familiar ne
8、ar side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 _66_ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. This really excites scientists, Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, because it _67_ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the mo
9、on _68_ (construct) Data about the moons composition, such as how _69_ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether _70_ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.【答案】61. touched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest 65. than 66. to find 67. means 68. is construct
10、ed 69. much 70. its【解析】这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。【61题详解】.考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。【62题详解】考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。【63题详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点
11、，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。【64题详解】考查名词。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。【65题详解】考查介词。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比更”。故填than。【66题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：
12、中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。【67题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。【68题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之
13、间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。【69题详解】考查形容词。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。【70题详解】考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 【对点模拟练】1Mr. James owns a company. He put an advertisement1a newspaper for a boy to work in
14、 his office. Out of nearly fifty people2came to apply, the man selected one and dismissed3others.“I would like to know,” said a friend, “the reason you preferred that boy, who brought neither a single letter,4a single recommendation.”“You are wrong,” said the gentlemen. “He had many. He wiped his fe
15、et at the door and closed the door behind him,5(mean) that he was careful. He gave his seat immediately to an old man, showing that he was kind and6(thought). He took off his cap when he came in and answered my questions quickly, showing that he was a polite gentleman. Everyone else steeped over the
16、 book that I7(put) on the floor purposely. He picked8up and placed it on the table, and he waited quietly for his turn instead of pushing and crowding. When I talked to him, I noticed his tidy clothing, his9(neat) brushed hair, and his clean finger mails. Cant you see that these are excellent recomm
17、endations? I considered them to be more significant than10(letter).”Hearing the words, the friend nodded in agreement.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记述文。通过一个面试告诉我们：细节决定成败。1in考查介词。根据句意：他把一个广告刊登进一份报纸里。考查搭配put sth. in。故此处需要填介词in。2who/that考查连词。根据句意：在来面试的大约五十人中，Mr. James挑选了一个人驳回了其他人的申请。可知此句是定语从句，先行词是people,从句缺少主语故用who/that引
18、导定语从句。3the考查冠词。根据上题解析此处应指剩下的其他人故应填the表特指。4nor考查并列连词。Neithernor”表示“既不也不”。5meaning考查非谓语动词。所填词作状语，其逻辑主语he与mean是主动关系，所以用meaning。6thoughtful考查形容词。根据所填词前有连词and可看出是并列关系，所填词也应是形容词，故填thoughtful。7had put考查时态。根据句意put应发生在steeped over前，所以用过去完成时。8it考查代词。根据此句中的and placed it on the table,”可看出应填it9neatly考查副词。所填词是修饰其
19、后的形容词brushed，所以用副词。10letters考查名词复数。根据句意：我认为它们比信件更重要。可知所填词应是名词，letter又是可数名词故用复数形式。【真题对点析】2（2019 全国卷III）On our way to the house, it was raining 61 hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take 62(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pa
20、ck 63 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65(recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜) and other fruits from the
21、ir trees in the backyard.When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66(compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67(tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 68(huge) popular with tourists. On the last da
22、y of our week-long stay, we 69(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 70(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.答案61so 62to get 63of 64who 65recommended66competition 67traditional 68hugely 69were invited 70listening【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们
23、去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后受到的礼遇，主人热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。61考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so.that.”意为“如此以至于”，固定句型。故填so。62考查固定搭配。本句运用了take.to do sth.，意为“花费做某事”，故此处应填to get。63考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群”。故填of。64考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。65考查一般过去时
24、。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommeded。66考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。67考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故填traditional。68考查副词。空格处修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。69考查一般过去时的被动语
25、态。句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。70考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。【对点模拟练】2Disneys cartoon movie, Coco, has b
26、ecome1hit and received plenty of positive2(review). It tells a story about a Mexican boy3(name) Miguel. Despite his family generation-old ban4music, Miguel dreams of becoming an accomplished musician. Desperate to prove his talent for music, he finds5(he) in the amazing and colorful Land of the Dead
27、,6(follow) a mysterious chain of events. Along the way, he7(meet) a singer, Hector, and8(passionate) they set off on an extraordinary journey.It is a tale told with considerable wisdom and genuine tenderness. While the movies9(conclude) is not difficult to predict, anyone10heart is not warmed by it
28、may wish to consult with an therapist (心理治疗师).【语篇解读】本文是迪士尼卡通电影Coco的剧情介绍，讲述了墨西哥男孩Miguel的音乐之旅。1a考查冠词。become a hit表示“风靡一时”，故填a。2reviews考查名词。plenty of修饰可数名词复数，故填reviews。3named考查非谓语动词。此处使用非谓语动词，a Mexican boy与name之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作定语。4on考查介词。Ban on表示“关于的禁令”，故填on。5himself考查代词。此处与前面的he指的是同一个人，用反身代词作fin
29、ds的宾语。6following考查非谓语动词。He与follow之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作伴随状语。7meets考查时态。本文的基础时态为一般现在时，主语是he，谓语动词用单数。8passionately考查副词。修饰动词短语set off用副词。9conclusion考查名词。此处用名词作主语，由is判断用单数。10whose考查定语从句。此处为定语从句，先行词为anyone，关系词在从句中作定语。【真题对点析】3（2019 全国卷I）The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masse
30、s as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88, there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62(poor) studied; however, biologist
31、s calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modern methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65(report) increases in bear
32、sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68(high) than they actually are. Of 69 nineteen rec
33、ognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.答案61that 62poorly 63of/for 64to perform 65have reported66belief 67noting 68higher 69the 70are【解析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了近年来北极熊的生存状况。61考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词e
34、vidence的内容，故填that。62考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。63考查介词用法。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定语，用of连接，“methods of doing sth.”意为“的方法”，构成固定结构；或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。64考查非谓语动词。句意：跟踪北极熊数量的现代方法只是从二十世纪八十年代中期以来才开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的。主系表结构之后常用不
35、定式作原因或目的状语。故此处填to perform。65考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。66考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处用名词形式，故填belief。67考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词作宾语，故填noting。68考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。69考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已识别的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。70考查主谓一致。根据three are de
36、clining，此处数词six作主语，要用复数谓语，时态为一般现在时，故填are。【对点模拟练】3Chinese net users have found a new way to battle desertification by playing virtual (虚拟的) planting games. Ant Forest, 11 is under Ant Financial of the Alibaba Group, told the Global Times that they had planted over 50 million trees covering about 507
37、square kilometers across China from 2016 to 2019.Ant Forest is the first such game in China. In the Ant Forest plan, any activity 12(consider) low carbon, including walking, taking public transport and online payments, will be converted into virtual “green energy”. The energy will be used to grow a
38、virtual tree in the “forest” of the 13(user). They exchange 14for a real tree by paying the corresponding energy. Ant Forest will plant the real trees in spring and autumn each year 15the help of local authorities in the desert areas. This way of planting trees16 (recognize) on October 23, 2018 by t
39、he National Afforestation Committee as17means for citizens to fulfill their obligation of planting trees.The Chinese government attaches great18 (important)to the protection of ecosystems. China aims 19(increase)the forest cover to 23 percent by 2020, and to 26 percent by 2035. A new study using dat
40、a from NASA satellite shows that the Earth becomes20(green) as a result of ambitious tree-planting programs in China.11which12considered13users14it15With16was recognized17a18importance19to increase20greener【解析】本文为说明文。阿里巴巴集团蚂蚁金服通过开发“蚂蚁森林”虚拟种植游戏提供给中国网民，从而找到了一种对抗荒漠化的新方法，并且取得了成效。11考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为An
41、t Forest，在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故用which。12考查非谓语动词。句意：在蚂蚁森林计划中，任何被认为是低碳的活动，包括步行、乘坐公共交通和在线支付，都将转化为虚拟的绿色能源。分析句子成分可知，该句中主语为any activity其后所填词汇与主语之间有被动关系，作后置定语，故填considered。13考查名词复数。句意：这些能量将被用来在用户的“森林”中生长一棵虚拟树。根据其前的定冠词the可知，此处用名词，根据句意“用户”，可知用复数，故填users。14考查代词。句意：他们通过支付相应的能量，将虚拟树转换为真实树。根据句意可知，此
42、处替代前一句a virtual tree，为特指，故填it。15考查介词搭配。句意：在每年春秋两季，蚂蚁森林在沙漠地区当地政府的帮助下，种植真正的树木。该句中使用with the help of 为固定搭配，意为“在的帮助下”，故填with。16考查被动语态。分析句子成分可知，该句中This way of planting trees为主语，是单数，其与所给词汇为被动关系，用被动语态。根据时间状语on October 23, 2018，可知用一般过去时态，故填was recognized。17考查不定冠词。句意：2018年10月23日，国家造林绿化委员会将这种植树方式作为公民履行植树义务的一种
43、方式。根据句意可知，此处意指“一种方式”，为泛指，means的首字母发音是辅音，故填a。18考查名词。句意：中国政府高度重视生态系统的保护。该句使用固定短语attach importance to ，意为“重视，认为重要”，故填importance。19考查不定式。句意：中国的目标是到2020年森林覆盖率达到23%，到2035年达到26%。aim to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“目标是，旨在”故填to increase。20考查形容词比较级。句意：一项使用美国宇航局卫星数据的新研究表明，由于中国热心的植树计划，地球变得更加绿了。根据句意可知，植树在中国取得了成效，地球变得更加绿色，暗含“
44、比较”含义，用比较级，故填greener。【真题对点析】4 （2018 全国卷1）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61(long) than non-runners. You dont have to run fast or for long62(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running. W
45、hile running regularly cannt make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 201466showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease
46、and early deaths from all 67(cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise its probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to68(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and its always
47、69(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give70a try.答案61 longer 62 to see 63 dying 64 is 65 than 66 that which 67 causes 68 strength 69 energetic 70 it running 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们减少疾病发生，延年益寿。6
48、1考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据than可知用比较级，故填longer。62考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑的太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to see。63考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。64考查动词的时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时。故填is。65考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的more effective可知，此处填than。66考查定语从句
49、的关系词。此处a study是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。67考查名词复数。一项研究表明，仅仅每天5到10分钟的跑步，就能减少各种原因的心脏病和早亡。空格处做from的宾语，前面有all可知，要用名词复数形式。故填causes。68考查词形变化。锻炼以增强你腿上的肌肉。此处to是不定式符号，其后用动词原形。故填strengthen。69考查词形变化。跑步总是让人充满活力的。根据its可知，系动词后用形容词作表语。故填energetic。70考查代词或名词的用法。我们都应该试试跑步。此处give it a try意为：试试。此处it可以指running。故填it或ru
50、nning。【对点模拟练】4A woman suddenly1(go) blind in one eye after playing a mobile phone game for a whole week in Guangdong province last month. The unnamed woman admitted to regularly playing the game for seven or eight hours without moving and finally lost2(she) right eyesight.The game, Arena of Valor,3(
51、know) as Honour of Kings,has become hugely popular in China and is due to belimited across the US and Europe. Being4worlds most popular online battle game, italready has over 200 million players in China.The battle game5(put) together a team of five players who have to fight others in a fantasy land
52、 filled6characters, and players can buy extra features7playing.The eye injuryfollows series of8(incident). In June, achild in Shenzhen stole 30,000 yuan (3,450) from his parents to buy add-ons, and a13-year-old in Hangzhou severely injured his legs after jumping from a five-storey building to escape
53、 from his father who was trying to stop him playing.In a country960percentof the population has a smart-phone, the game has been highly10(success), partly because it is free to play.【语篇解读】本文举例介绍了一边走路一边玩手机给人们造成的伤害。1went考查时态。根据时间状语“last month”可知，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时。2her考查代词。修饰名词 right eyesight用形容词性物主代词。3
54、known考查非谓语动词。The game与know之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，应该用过去分词作定语。4the考查冠词。修饰最高级most popular永定冠词。5puts考查主谓一致。根据“have”判断此处用一般现在时，主语The battle game与put之间是主动关系，谓语用第三人称单数。6with考查介词。be filled with表示“充满”。7while/when考查时间状语从句。此处是时间状语从句的省略，表示“当的时候”，省略了they are。8incidents考查名词。series of后接可数名词复数。9where考查定语从句。此处为定语从句，先行词为a
55、country，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语。10successful考查形容词。此处缺少形容词作表语。Part 3强化集训【真题模测】Passage1（2020 全国卷2）Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New YearChinese New Year is a _61_ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits a
56、nd flowers _62_ (carry) special significance. They represent the earth _63_ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more _64_ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make g
57、reat gifs and you see them many times _65_ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. _66_ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated _
58、67_ health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy _68_ (care) for and make great presents.Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The _69_ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are _70_ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They
59、represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.【答案】61. celebration 62. carries 63. coming 64. than 65. decorated 66. Certainly 67. with 68. to care 69. beautiful 70. the【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。【61题详解】考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。【62题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么
60、用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。【63题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。【64题详解】考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。【65题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你
61、会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。【66题详解】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。【67题详解】考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与相联系。故填with。【68题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填
62、to care。【69题详解】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。【70题详解】考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。Passage2（2020 全国卷3）A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the h
63、ouse or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. _36_ And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents._37_ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a
64、 local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isnt a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant._38_ This is often apprecia
65、ted since at a housewarming there isnt a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly afte
66、r a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. _39_Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. _40_ Now most homes have central heating and dont use fires to keep warm.A. This is
67、nt usual though.B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.D. If youre lucky enough to receive gifts keep them in a safe place.E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.F. The best housew
68、arming parties encourage old friends to get together.G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.【答案】36. E 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. G【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。【36题详解】上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚
69、会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。【37题详解】下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools
70、like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。【38题详解】本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn t a lot of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新搬家，所
71、以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。【39题详解】本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。【40题详解】上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那
72、么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。Passage3（2018 全国卷III）Im not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. Im walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begin
73、s screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the63(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64(look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt
74、 feel65(challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. Im a 66(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67 these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I w
75、as just glad to find 68(they) alive. True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: Im king of this forest, and here is your reminder! Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay)and watch.答案61 who 62 the 63 loudest 64 looking 65 chall
76、enged 66 scientist 67 for 68 them 69 meant 70 to stay 【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历。61考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定谁更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示“谁”，故用who。62考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。63考查最高级。根据后面的of all可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。64考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。65考查非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不
77、直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。66考查名词。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。scientist科学家。67考查动词短语搭配。search for是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。68考查代词。此处做find 的宾语，所以用宾格them。69考查谓语动词。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。70考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb to do允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。【典题模测】Passage1High school
78、years are a large part in1(shape) the person you are going to become. A school often2(provide)education for you, and it can also be a place 3you can develop relationships with many different people, join clubs, and participate in a variety of different sports. These years can make you become a high
79、school student4(fill)with many different emotions, including happiness, anger, sadness, envy, loneliness, stress, and a numerous amount more. This is also a time when peer(同龄人)pressure is most commonly put upon a vast majority of teens.Peer pressure is the influence from members of ones peer group.
80、This can include influencing another to drink, smoke, cheat on a test, lie,s kip class, and etc. T he list is 5(end).Peer pressure at high school is both harmful6 effective because it can lead to teen depression, high stress levels, negative behavior7(issue),and poor decision making and outcomes.Des
81、pite the fact that peer pressure is most commonly seen as a very negative issue, it can 8(see)positively in some situations. This can involve pressuring your peers to avoid drugs, be honest, avoid alcohol, respect others, work hard, exercise, be kind, be responsible, and more. Friends and peer9(actu
82、al)affect the choices you make. Choosing to have good friends can have a very strong effect10 you.1shaping2provides3where4filled5endless6and7issues8be seen9actually10on / uponPassage2China plans to release one or two giant pandas into the wild. So far the spot 11 (select) in east China s Jiangxi pro
83、vince. It will be the first time to release a gaint panda into the wild outside southwest Chinas. Sichuan Province, 12 13 pandas had been released by the end of last year. An expert meeting was held in Jiangxi, where it was decided that pandas would be transported from Sichuan. Then they will be rel
84、eased into the Jiangxi Guanshan National Nature Reserve. The nature reserve 13 (have) a mild climate and a quite good ecosystem, with abundant bamboo 14 (resource) and little human interference, which is good for giant pandas to reproduce. Researchers also 15 (brief) introduced the research method t
85、o experts. The method includes 16 giant panda reintroduction program, The reintroduction program refers to 17 (release) captive-bred (圈养繁殖的) pandas to their past distribution areas. They will live in these areas after wild training 18 (rebuild) the wild population. Researchers will obtain 19 (value)
86、 data. And the data shows how pandas adapt to the environment and climate after they stay at the wild habitats. The program has high research value for studying some problems. Why did pandas die out in their historical distribution areas? How did climate changes influence the current panda populatio
87、n? The program will also help expand the distribution range 20 giant pandas. Besides, it can reduce the extinction risks of their wild population.【答案】11has been selected12where13has14resources15briefly16a17releasing18to rebuild19valuable20of【解析】这是一篇记叙文。中国计划将一只或两只大熊猫放归野外。自然保护区气候温和，生态系统良好，竹资源丰富，人为干扰少，
88、有利于大熊猫的繁殖。该方案对一些问题的研究具有较高的研究价值并将有助于扩大大熊猫的分布范围。11考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，这个地点已经选定位于中国东部的江西省。该句主语the spot是单数第三人称，和谓语动词select之间是一种被动关系，再根据时间状语so far可知，此处用现在完成时的被动语态，故填has been selected。12考查定语从句。根据句意：截至去年年底，四川省已经放养了13只大熊猫。先行词为“Chinas Sichuan Province”，在定语从句中做地点状语，故填where。13考查主谓一致。句意：自然保护区气候温和，生态系统良好，竹资源丰富，人为干扰
89、少，有利于大熊猫的繁殖。本句主语“reserve”是第三人称单数，且这里是陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时的单数第三人称形式。故填has。14考查名词单复数。句意：这里有着充足的竹子和少量的人类干扰，resource是可数名词，此处用于复数形式。故填resources。15考查副词。句意：研究人员还向专家简要介绍了研究方法。空后为“introduced”，根据副词修饰动词，应用副词形式briefly。故填briefly。16考查冠词。根据句意“这个研究方法包含一个大熊猫再引进计划”，表示“一个”用不定冠词，名词giant以辅音音素开头，故填a。17考查非谓语动词。句意：重新引入计划指的是将圈养繁
90、殖的熊猫放归到它们过去的分布区。根据“refer to sth”中“to”为介词，其后用v-ing形式做宾语。故填releasing。18考查非谓语动词。句意：为了重建野生熊猫族群。这里是用动词不定式表示目的。故填to rebuild。19考查形容词。此处data是名词，这里应该用形容词修饰它，故填valuable。20考查介词。句意：该计划还将有助于扩大大熊猫的分布范围。range意为“范围，种类”，常与“of”连用。故填of。【点睛】不定冠词a 和an的用法。a用在以辅音开头的词前，表示“一”； an用在以元音开头的词前，表示“一”。比如第6小题，根据句意“这个研究方法包含一个大熊猫再引进
91、计划”，表示“一个”用不定冠词，名词giant以辅音音素开头，故填a。an important meeting 一个重要的会议；an interesting story 一个有趣的故事；an old man 一位老人；an hour 一小时；an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩；an American lawyer一个美国的律师； a useful tool 一个有用的工具；a European friend一位欧洲的朋友。Passage3There once was a King who offered a prize to the artist who would paint the
92、 1 (good) picture of peace. Many artists tried. The King looked at all the pictures, but there were only two he 2 (real) liked and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror, for peaceful towering 3 (mountain) were all around it. Overhead was a blue s
93、ky 4 white clouds. All who saw this picture thought that it was a perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was an angry sky from 5 rain fell and in which lightening played. Down the side of the mountain tumbled a foaming waterfall. This did
94、not look 6 (peace) at all. But when the King looked, he saw behind the waterfall a tiny bush 7 (grow) in a crack in the rock. In the bush a mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on his nestperfect peace.Which picture do you think won the
95、prize?The King 8 (choose) the second picture, explained the King, “Because peace does not mean to be in a place where there is no noise, trouble 9 hard work. Peace means 10 (be) in the midst of all those things and still be calm in your heart. That is the real meaning of peace.”【答案】1best2really3moun
96、tains4with5which6peaceful7growing8chose9or10to be【解析】本文是记叙文。从前有个国王悬赏看哪位画家最能描绘宁静的意境。最后国王选中一幅描绘在狂风暴雨中，鸟妈妈安静地坐在它的巢里孵小鸟的画，并且告诉人们宁静指的是保持内心的平静。1考查形容词最高级。句意：从前有个国王悬赏，看哪位画家能画出最能描绘宁静的画。此处比较范围不明确，表示多者的同类中“最”，good应用最高级形式best。故填best。2考查副词。句意：但只有两幅是他真正喜欢的，他必须从中选择。修饰谓语动词liked，应该用副词形式。故填really。3考查可数名词单复数。句意：湖泊就像一面
97、完美的镜子，四周都是宁静的巍峨的群山。句子的谓语动词were是复数形式，因此句子的主语应该是复数。故填mountains。4考查介词。句意：头顶上是蓝天白云。此处用介词with表示 “具有”。故填with。5考查定语从句。句意：上面是乌云密布的天空，大雨倾盆，电闪雷鸣。分析句子结构，空后是定语从句，先行词是an angry sky，关系词在从句中作rain fell from的宾语，因此用“介词from+which”引导定语从句。故填which。6考查形容词。句意：这看起来一点也不宁静。look是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。故填peaceful。7考查非谓语动词。句意：但当国王再看时，他看到在
98、瀑布后面的岩石的裂缝中生长着一棵小灌木。此处是“see+宾语a tiny bush+宾语补足语”结构；宾语a tiny bush 和grow之间为逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填growing。8考查时态。句意：国王选择了第二幅画。文章叙述的是一个故事，全文用一般过去时；choose是不规则变化动词，过去式为chose。故填chose。9考查连词。句意：他解释说：“因为宁静并不是指在没有噪音、没有烦扰或是没有艰辛的地方。宁静指的是在所有这些事情之中，仍然保持内心的平静。这才是宁静的真正意义。”前面有否定词no，在否定中并列结构用or 连接，表示“和，也，又”的意思。故填or。10考查非谓语动词。句意：他解释说：“因为宁静并不是指在没有噪音、没有烦扰、没有艰辛的地方。宁静指的是在所有这些事情之中，仍然保持内心的平静。这才是宁静的真正意义。”此处mean 意思为“指的是”，后接不定式作宾语。故填to be。
