1、2021高考英语话题专项复习（十四）目录内容Part 1话题相关词汇Part 2话题相关短语Part 3话题相关句式Part 4话题相关写作Part 5话题相关阅读学生默写版一：相关词汇1. 天气，气象2. 气候3. 雨4. 天空5. 雪6. 暴风雨7. 雷8. 炎热天气9. 度数10. 季节11. 吹12. 破坏13. 跌，倒，下降14. 持续15. 倾倒、倒，灌16. 预报17. 依靠18. 发光，照耀19. 落下，降落20. 引起，促使21. 阳光灿烂的22. 冷的23. 温暖的24. 易变的、常变的25. 猛烈的，激烈的26. 干的，干燥的27. 晒黑的28. 有薄雾的，模糊的29.
2、晴朗的30. 多云的二：相关短语 1 晴转阴/阴转雨2 强阵雨3 阳光灿烂的一天4 天气预报5 降到零下五度6 非常寒冷/炎热7 遇上一场大雨8 倾盆大雨9 雾霾天气10 (房屋)倒塌11 (水电)被切断12 在飓风中被毁坏13 被冰雪覆盖14 (人们)在洪水/暴风雨中遇难15 造成13人死亡和5人失踪16 有200多人受伤/失踪17 造成巨大损失/经济损失18 成为废墟19 变得无家可归20 派出救援队21 给某人捐款22 重建家园23 恢复正常（2）1. 有可能 2. 总的来说 3. 相比之下，比较而言 4. 尽快 5. 大量的 6. 带一把雨伞或一件雨衣7. 延续长达一个月8. 防汛抗旱
3、三：相关句式1 天气预报显示在未来五天内，中国大部分地区都会是晴天。2 全天有雨，因此外出请带好您的雨伞。3 极端天气给人们带来了诸多不便和麻烦，特别是给那些室外作业的人。4 .必须采取适当的措施来应对这场可怕的飓风引起的严重问题。5 现在越来越多人意识到极端天气灾难与我们的日常行为有关。6 .因为意识到了雾霾造成的严重危害和保护环境的重要性，全国人民正采取措施减少雾霾天气。7. 空气中二氧化碳越多,吸收的热量就越多,地球就会变得越暖。8. 我们应该做的最重要的事情就是尽力去开发和普及洁净能源,如太阳能和风能 。9. 如今，自然灾害更加普遍和频繁，迅速成为了发展越来越大的危胁。10. 自然灾害
4、的确给人们带来痛苦，但他们要求我们重新考虑我们对大自然的态度。11. 政府采取有效措施保护珍稀动物。四：相关写作“莫拉克”台风袭击台湾，灾情严重，各界人士都十分关注。请根据以下表格内容，写一篇关于台湾“八八”水灾的报道，在某英语报上发表。地点：台湾南部该台风造成50年来最严重的水灾灾情：460人死亡；35人受伤；62人失踪；冲垮了堤防和桥梁；电力中断；10000多座房屋倒塌损失：估计造成经济损失达97个亿救援：政府官员说台湾军方全力参与救灾工作，从灾区救出约300名当地居民 五：相关阅读AThe island of Cuba is no bigger than Pennsylvania.Yet
5、 when it comes to nature,the island is one of the most important places on the planet.That is the message of Cuba!,an exhibit that opened in November at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH),in New York City.“The biodiversity (生物多样性) of Cuba is part of Cuban identity,” Ana Luz Porzecanski sa
6、ys.She is the director of the Center for Biodiversity and Conservation at AMNH and one of the two curators (a person in charge of a museum exhibit) of the exhibit.Detailed recreations of four habitats transport typical parts of Cubas landscapes and seascapes to New York.They include ancient caves an
7、d a network of reefs.One area features live anole lizards,a Cuban tree frog,and a Cuban boa.Cuba boasts more than 6,500 species of plants,161 kinds of reptiles,65 types of amphibians,42 species of mammals,and 367 bird species.One of those is the bee hummingbird.Weighing far less than an ounce (about
8、 28 grams),it is the smallest bird on Earth.Much of the wildlife found in Cuba exists only there.That gives scientists a unique opportunity to study how plants and animals develop and survive.“Cuba is a very exciting place for us to look at all these different processes,” says Christopher Raxworthy.
9、He is in charge of one department of the museum and a cocurator of the exhibit.“But that also creates great challenges for conservation.”Climate change is threatening Cubas wildlife.Some species may even disappear.The country is taking steps to protect its plants and animals.But AMNH hopes Cuba! wil
10、l show how important the countrys natural world is to everyone.1.What can be known about Cuba!?A.It shows Cubas rich biodiversity.B.It compares the islands on the planet.C.It features Cubas social development.D.It opens in a museum in Pennsylvania.2.What does the underlined word “boasts” in Paragrap
11、h 4 probably mean?A.Increases. B.Needs. C.Has. D.Expects.3.What does Christopher find challenging?A.To organize the exhibition.B.To observe plants and animals.C.To study the unique species of Cuba.D.To protect the native wildlife of Cuba.4.What is the best title for the text?A.Cuba fights climate ch
12、angeB.Travel from Cuba to AmericaC.Wildlife conservation faces threatD.AMNHs Cuba exhibit explores biodiversityBWhen Anthony and Jacqueline Richs dog Monty died last November at the age of 14,the couple,who are in their sixties and have had dogs for forty years of married life,were devastated.Today
13、there is another dog Ollie at their home.He came to them after the death of his 81-year-old owner and they already “love him to pieces”.Its a simple enough equation bereaved (丧失亲人的) owner plus bereaved pet equals comfort and new joy for both parties.The benefits of animal companionship for older peo
14、ple are now well documented;it is the practicalities that often prove the stumbling block.This month Dr June McNicholas,a health psychologist at Warwick University,will carry out a study which aims to identify those factors that may prevent the elderly from keeping pets and which suggests possible s
15、olutions.“Old people with pets are generally more active,” she says.“Obviously,walking a dog is good exercise and can also be a way of preserving social contacts or making new friendships,but even just getting up and down to see to the cat or going to the shops for food is better than nothing.Resear
16、ch has also found that those who have animals are likely to keep their homes warmer in winter and to feed themselves more regularly.Self-care is often tied in with pet care,which is especially important for those who live alone.”In an earlier project McNicholas studied the role of animals in helping
17、 people widowed (寡居的) after long marriages.Among 200 subjects,she found that symptoms of uncontrolled tearfulness and feelings of hopelessness and helplessness were all lowered among pet owners.McNicholas says,“In the early stages,the animal was a continuing link with the loved one.The bereaved ofte
18、n want to talk about the person theyve lost,but other people dont,so instead they talk to the dog,which responds to the name.We have no way of knowing whether animals are actually sympathetic,but they respond to changes in behaviour and body language in a way that gives comfort.5.What does the under
19、lined word “devastated” in Paragraph 1 mean?A.Grateful.B.Relaxed.C.Sorrowful.D.Confused.6.What does McNicholas mainly talk about in Paragraph 3?A.The benefits of keeping a pet.B.The troubles pet owners face.C.Factors preventing people having pets.D.Ways of handling old peoples loneliness.7.What did
20、McNicholass earlier study find?A.Pets often show their owners sympathy.B.Pets can respond to their owners needs.C.Pets serve as their owners spiritual guide.D.Pets can help their owners with their sadness.8.What is the best title for the text?A.Get along well with your new petB.You are never too old
21、 to have a petC.Start your later life with a new hobbyD.Help older people live fully and happilyCMy dog Chi Chi always has a smile on her face.However,before my family adopted her,her life was pretty1.Its hard to believe this sweet dog was once left in a dustbin.Her 2 was injured and she was in pain
22、.But when the rescuers got to her,her eyes shone with 3 and she was trying to get to them.Her rescuers drove her to the closest hospital to get her 4.The vets there 5 her by fitting her with a prosthesis (假肢) and shared her 6 on the Internet.Thats how my parents and I first7 her.For weeks,we 8 Chi C
23、his story and discussed adopting her.We 9 had three dogs.My mom wanted to know who would10 her,because it might be a lot of work to take care of a dog that was 11.We had a lot of12 about Chi Chi.Her rescuers sent us photos and videos.After we adopted her,we made her try different prostheses so she c
24、ould move around more13.Shes made a lot of progress with her 14,and now she can even jump up on the sofa.Chi Chi has a great attitude15 shes been through something hard,which encourages me to be the best I can be,like she is every day.1.A.normalB.hard C.funD.strange2.A.eyeB.ear C.legD.head3.A.imagin
25、ation B.responsibility C.happinessD.dissatisfaction4.A.waterB.food C.courageD.help5.A.savedB.protected C.freedD.examined6.A.priceB.story C.characterD.desire7.A.worried aboutB.cared about C.dreamed about D.heard about8.A.copiedB.wrote C.followedD.doubted9.A.alreadyB.never C.alsoD.even10.A.look atB.lo
26、ok for C.look afterD.look into11.A.unsafeB.disabled C.usualD.lonely12.A.ideasB.opinions C.feelingsD.questions13.A.slowlyB.comfortably C.quietlyD.patiently14.A.listeningB.sitting C.eatingD.walking15.A.becauseB.so C.althoughD.unless16.A.chooseB.teach C.enjoyD.prepare17.A.discussingB.using C.celebratin
27、g D.preventing18.A.progressB.money C.mistakesD.performances19.A.habitsB.advantages C.interestsD.difficulties20.A.avoidB.solve C.finishD.understand2021高考英语话题专项复习（十四）教师版一：相关词汇1.weather 天气，气象2.climate 气候3.rain 雨4.sky 天空5.snow 雪6.storm 暴风雨7.thunder 雷8.heat 炎热天气9.degree 度数10.season 季节11.blow 吹12.destroy
28、破坏13.fall 跌，倒，下降14.last 持续15.pour 倾倒、倒，灌16.forecast 预报17.depend 依靠18.shine 发光，照耀19.drop 落下，降落20.cause 引起，促使21.sunny 阳光灿烂的22.cold 冷的23.warm 温暖的24.changeable 易变的、常变的25.violent 猛烈的，激烈的26.dry 干的，干燥的27.sunburnt 晒黑的28.misty 有薄雾的，模糊的29.fine 晴朗的30.cloudy 多云的二：相关短语 1sunny then cloudy/cloudy then rainy 晴转阴/阴转
29、雨2heavy showers 强阵雨3a sunny day 阳光灿烂的一天4weather forecast/report 天气预报5drop/fall to five degree below zero 降到零下五度6freezing cold/burning hot 非常寒冷/炎热7be caught in a heavy rain 遇上一场大雨8rains cats and dogs/pouring rain 倾盆大雨9hazy weather 雾霾天气10(buildings)fall down (房屋)倒塌11(water and power supplies) be cut o
30、ff(水电)被切断12be destroyed in the hurricane 在飓风中被毁坏13be covered with ice and snow 被冰雪覆盖14(people)be killed in the flood/storm(人们)在洪水/暴风雨中遇难15cause13 deaths and 5 people missing 造成13人死亡和5人失踪16with more than 200 people injured/missing 有200多人受伤/失踪17cause great damage/economic losses 造成巨大损失/经济损失18be in rui
31、ns/fall into ruins 成为废墟19become homeless 变得无家可归20send out rescue teams 派出救援队21donate/contribute money to sb. 给某人捐款22rebuild ones homeland 重建家园23return to normal 恢复正常（2）1.be likely to 有可能 2.in general 总的来说 3. by comparison 相比之下，比较而言 4.as soon as possible 尽快 5.quantities of 大量的 6.take an umbrella or r
32、aincoat带一把雨伞或一件雨衣7.last as long as over a month 延续长达一个月8.flood control and drought relief 防汛抗旱三：相关句式1The weather forecast said it will be sunny in most part of China for each day in the next five days.天气预报显示在未来五天内，中国大部分地区都会是晴天。2It is going to be rainy all day, so be sure to go out with your umbrella
33、s.全天有雨，因此外出请带好您的雨伞。3The extreme weather has caused people much in convenience and trouble, especially for those who work outdoors.极端天气给人们带来了诸多不便和麻烦，特别是给那些室外作业的人。4Proper measures should be taken to deal with the serious problem caused by the terrible hurricane.必须采取适当的措施来应对这场可怕的飓风引起的严重问题。5Now more and
34、 more people become aware that those extreme weather disasters have much to do with what we have done to the earth.现在越来越多人意识到极端天气灾难与我们的日常行为有关。6Having realized the great harm caused by the haze and the importance of protecting the environment, people all over the country are taking measures to reduce
35、 the hazy weather.因为意识到了雾霾造成的严重危害和保护环境的重要性，全国人民正采取措施减少雾霾天气。7.The more carbon dioxide in the air, the more heat it will absorb, and the warmer the earth will be. 空气中二氧化碳越多,吸收的热量就越多,地球就会变得越暖。8.The most important thing we should do is to try our best to exploit and popularize the clean energy, such as
36、the solar and wind energy.我们应该做的最重要的事情就是尽力去开发和普及洁净能源,如太阳能和风能 。9.Nowadays, natural disasters have been more widespread and more frequent, becoming very rapidly an increasing threat to development. 如今，自然灾害更加普遍和频繁，迅速成为了发展越来越大的危胁。10.Natural disasters do bring people pain, however, they urge us to recons
37、ider our behavior toward our mother nature.自然灾害的确给人们带来痛苦，但他们要求我们重新考虑我们对大自然的态度。11.The city government took effective measures to protect rare animals.政府采取有效措施保护珍稀动物。四：相关写作“莫拉克”台风袭击台湾，灾情严重，各界人士都十分关注。请根据以下表格内容，写一篇关于台湾“八八”水灾的报道，在某英语报上发表。地点：台湾南部该台风造成50年来最严重的水灾灾情：460人死亡；35人受伤；62人失踪；冲垮了堤防和桥梁；电力中断；10000多座房屋
38、倒塌损失：估计造成经济损失达97个亿救援：政府官员说台湾军方全力参与救灾工作，从灾区救出约300名当地居民 Typhoon Morakot brought the worst flooding in 50 years to southern Taiwan, killing more than 460 people with scores of people injured or missing. Officials said Taiwans military went all out for the rescue work, and about 300 people were rescued
39、from the flood-stricken area. Its reported that the heavy rainfall caused rivers to break their banks，washing away bridges. Whats worse, power lines were cut off and more than 10,000 houses collapsed. Consequently, the economic losses are estimated to be more than 9. 7 billion yuan. 五：相关阅读AThe islan
40、d of Cuba is no bigger than Pennsylvania.Yet when it comes to nature,the island is one of the most important places on the planet.That is the message of Cuba!,an exhibit that opened in November at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH),in New York City.“The biodiversity (生物多样性) of Cuba is par
41、t of Cuban identity,” Ana Luz Porzecanski says.She is the director of the Center for Biodiversity and Conservation at AMNH and one of the two curators (a person in charge of a museum exhibit) of the exhibit.Detailed recreations of four habitats transport typical parts of Cubas landscapes and seascap
42、es to New York.They include ancient caves and a network of reefs.One area features live anole lizards,a Cuban tree frog,and a Cuban boa.Cuba boasts more than 6,500 species of plants,161 kinds of reptiles,65 types of amphibians,42 species of mammals,and 367 bird species.One of those is the bee hummin
43、gbird.Weighing far less than an ounce (about 28 grams),it is the smallest bird on Earth.Much of the wildlife found in Cuba exists only there.That gives scientists a unique opportunity to study how plants and animals develop and survive.“Cuba is a very exciting place for us to look at all these diffe
44、rent processes,” says Christopher Raxworthy.He is in charge of one department of the museum and a cocurator of the exhibit.“But that also creates great challenges for conservation.”Climate change is threatening Cubas wildlife.Some species may even disappear.The country is taking steps to protect its
45、 plants and animals.But AMNH hopes Cuba! will show how important the countrys natural world is to everyone.1.What can be known about Cuba!?A.It shows Cubas rich biodiversity.B.It compares the islands on the planet.C.It features Cubas social development.D.It opens in a museum in Pennsylvania.2.What d
46、oes the underlined word “boasts” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Increases. B.Needs. C.Has. D.Expects.3.What does Christopher find challenging?A.To organize the exhibition.B.To observe plants and animals.C.To study the unique species of Cuba.D.To protect the native wildlife of Cuba.4.What is the best
47、 title for the text?A.Cuba fights climate changeB.Travel from Cuba to AmericaC.Wildlife conservation faces threatD.AMNHs Cuba exhibit explores biodiversityBWhen Anthony and Jacqueline Richs dog Monty died last November at the age of 14,the couple,who are in their sixties and have had dogs for forty
48、years of married life,were devastated.Today there is another dog Ollie at their home.He came to them after the death of his 81-year-old owner and they already “love him to pieces”.Its a simple enough equation bereaved (丧失亲人的) owner plus bereaved pet equals comfort and new joy for both parties.The be
49、nefits of animal companionship for older people are now well documented;it is the practicalities that often prove the stumbling block.This month Dr June McNicholas,a health psychologist at Warwick University,will carry out a study which aims to identify those factors that may prevent the elderly fro
50、m keeping pets and which suggests possible solutions.“Old people with pets are generally more active,” she says.“Obviously,walking a dog is good exercise and can also be a way of preserving social contacts or making new friendships,but even just getting up and down to see to the cat or going to the
51、shops for food is better than nothing.Research has also found that those who have animals are likely to keep their homes warmer in winter and to feed themselves more regularly.Self-care is often tied in with pet care,which is especially important for those who live alone.”In an earlier project McNic
52、holas studied the role of animals in helping people widowed (寡居的) after long marriages.Among 200 subjects,she found that symptoms of uncontrolled tearfulness and feelings of hopelessness and helplessness were all lowered among pet owners.McNicholas says,“In the early stages,the animal was a continui
53、ng link with the loved one.The bereaved often want to talk about the person theyve lost,but other people dont,so instead they talk to the dog,which responds to the name.We have no way of knowing whether animals are actually sympathetic,but they respond to changes in behaviour and body language in a
54、way that gives comfort.5.What does the underlined word “devastated” in Paragraph 1 mean?A.Grateful.B.Relaxed.C.Sorrowful.D.Confused.6.What does McNicholas mainly talk about in Paragraph 3?A.The benefits of keeping a pet.B.The troubles pet owners face.C.Factors preventing people having pets.D.Ways of
55、 handling old peoples loneliness.7.What did McNicholass earlier study find?A.Pets often show their owners sympathy.B.Pets can respond to their owners needs.C.Pets serve as their owners spiritual guide.D.Pets can help their owners with their sadness.8.What is the best title for the text?A.Get along w
56、ell with your new petB.You are never too old to have a petC.Start your later life with a new hobbyD.Help older people live fully and happilyCMy dog Chi Chi always has a smile on her face.However,before my family adopted her,her life was pretty1.Its hard to believe this sweet dog was once left in a d
57、ustbin.Her 2 was injured and she was in pain.But when the rescuers got to her,her eyes shone with 3 and she was trying to get to them.Her rescuers drove her to the closest hospital to get her 4.The vets there 5 her by fitting her with a prosthesis (假肢) and shared her 6 on the Internet.Thats how my p
58、arents and I first7 her.For weeks,we 8 Chi Chis story and discussed adopting her.We 9 had three dogs.My mom wanted to know who would10 her,because it might be a lot of work to take care of a dog that was 11.We had a lot of12 about Chi Chi.Her rescuers sent us photos and videos.After we adopted her,w
59、e made her try different prostheses so she could move around more13.Shes made a lot of progress with her 14,and now she can even jump up on the sofa.Chi Chi has a great attitude15 shes been through something hard,which encourages me to be the best I can be,like she is every day.1.A.normalB.hard C.fu
60、nD.strange2.A.eyeB.ear C.legD.head3.A.imagination B.responsibility C.happinessD.dissatisfaction4.A.waterB.food C.courageD.help5.A.savedB.protected C.freedD.examined6.A.priceB.story C.characterD.desire7.A.worried aboutB.cared about C.dreamed about D.heard about8.A.copiedB.wrote C.followedD.doubted9.A
61、.alreadyB.never C.alsoD.even10.A.look atB.look for C.look afterD.look into11.A.unsafeB.disabled C.usualD.lonely12.A.ideasB.opinions C.feelingsD.questions13.A.slowlyB.comfortably C.quietlyD.patiently14.A.listeningB.sitting C.eatingD.walking15.A.becauseB.so C.althoughD.unless16.A.chooseB.teach C.enjoy
62、D.prepare17.A.discussingB.using C.celebrating D.preventing18.A.progressB.money C.mistakesD.performances19.A.habitsB.advantages C.interestsD.difficulties20.A.avoidB.solve C.finishD.understand参考答案：1.A由第一段中的“when it comes to nature,the island is one of the most important places on the planet.That is th
63、e message of Cuba!”以及第二段中的“The biodiversity of Cuba is part of Cuban identity”可知,Cuba!是在纽约的美国自然历史博物馆举办的一次展览,主要展示了古巴丰富的生物多样性。2.C由划线词后的“6,500 species of plants,161 kinds of reptiles,65 types of amphibians,42 species of mammals,and 367 bird species”可知,古巴拥有6500种植物、161种爬行动物、65种两栖动物、42种哺乳动物和367种鸟类,这也照应了上文
64、中提到的古巴丰富的生物多样性。3.D由倒数第二段中的“But that also creates great challenges for conservation”可知,保护古巴的野生动植物是一大挑战。4.D通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了在纽约的美国自然历史博物馆举办的展览Cuba!展示了古巴丰富的生物多样性。D项作标题符合文章主旨。B5.C由第一段中的“Monty died”和“have had dogs for forty years of married life”以及“bereaved owner plus bereaved pet equals comfort and new joy
65、 for both parties”可知,当Anthony和Jacqueline Rich夫妇的狗Monty死后,他们非常伤心。6.A由第三段的描述可知,本段主要讲述了养宠物给老人带来的好处:老人会更积极、得到更多的锻炼、保持社交,宠物还可以激励老人照顾好自己。7.D由倒数第二段中的“symptoms of uncontrolled tearfulness.were all lowered among pet owners”和最后一段中的“they respond to changes in behaviour and body language in a way that gives com
66、fort”可知,宠物能给予主人安慰,尤其能带给寡居老人快乐和慰藉,让他们不那么悲伤、绝望和无助。8.B通读全文可知,June McNicholas博士的研究发现养宠物可以给寡居老人带来精神上的慰藉,让他们变得更积极,得到更多的锻炼,保持社交的延续性,并激励他们照顾好自己,由此可知,养宠物有很多益处。故B项做标题能恰当概括文章主旨。C1.B由本句中表示转折的副词However和下文中的“this sweet dog was once left in a dustbin”可知,在被作者一家收养之前,这只小狗的生活很“艰难(hard)”。2.C由下文中的“by fitting her with a
67、prosthesis”可知,这只小狗的“腿(leg)”受了伤。3.C由上文中的“she was in pain”和本句中的转折连词But以及下文中这只小狗的乐观精神可知,这只小狗在看到救援人员时,眼中流露出“欣喜(happiness)”。4.D由下文中的“The vets there.her by fitting her with a prosthesis”可知,救援人员把这只小狗带到附近的医院接受“帮助(help)”。5.A兽医通过给小狗安装假肢“救助(saved)”它。6.B下文中的Chi Chis story对本空有提示。7.D由下文中的“discussed adopting her”可
68、知,这是作者一家第一次“听说(heard about)”这只小狗。8.C作者一家通过网络“密切关注(followed)”这只小狗的故事。9.A由上文中的discussed和下文中的“My mom wanted to know who would”可推断,作者家“已经(already)”有三只小狗了。10.C由本句中的“because it might be a lot of work to take care of a dog”可知,作者的妈妈想要知道谁想 “照顾(look after)”这只小狗。11.B由上文中的“by fitting her with a prosthesis”可知,这只小狗有“残疾(disabled)”。12.D由下文中的“Her rescuers sent us photos and videos.”可推断,作者一家在收养这只小狗之前有一些“问题(questions)”需要询问。13.B由上下文语境可知,作者和家人给小狗尝试不同的假肢以使它能走得更“舒服(comfortably)”。14.D由上文中的move around和下文中的jump up可知,此处指这只小狗在“走路(walking)”方面进步很大。15.C空格前后两部分构成让步关系,故用although。
