1、广东省广州市荔湾区2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末统考试题（含解析）本试卷共10页，满分130分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保持答题
2、卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第卷（满分65分）第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhen you grow up in Voss, outdoor adventures become a way of living. This is why visitors will find outdoor activities for all ages and levels. Many people get the impression th
3、at such activities as river sports, air sports and other extreme sports are only for the experts. Actually, you will find many outdoor adventures for those who simply want a taste of these elements in Voss. River KayakingThe river in Voss are great for river kayaking. If you are a beginner, we advis
4、e you to try an introduction course of 3 hours. A course of 2 days can be tested out if you really want to learn the sport of kayaking. Get a totally new experience with one of the best kayak centers in Norway.Prices From NOK 850 per person RaftingThe most popular summer activity in Voss. Thrilling,
5、 fun and suitable for beginners as well as those with experience! Includes transportation, safety instruction, swim test and about 8km of breathtaking rafting starting off in softer steams before getting on to the more exciting streams.Season Daily MayOctoberPrices From NOK 1,120Info All necessary e
6、quipment is provided. Please bring your own swimwear and towel. Bavallsekspressen Chair LiftExplore the mountain by riding the Bavallsekpressen chair lift all the way to the top to get immediate access to a great variety of hiking trails in beautiful scenery. The lift is also open for those who want
7、 to bring their bike or paraglider. Start and end: From Bavallen to Hangurstoppen.Season: Sat/Sun 24 June06 August 12:00-16:00Prices Single trip: NOK 100 Day pass: NOK 250 HusdyrparkenAt Husdyrparken, visitors get to experience Norwegian farm animals. You can participate in animal feeding and farm c
8、ompetitions, or simply relax with an organic ice cream in the caf. You can also visit a small museum with old farming equipment.Season: Daily 18 June21 AugustPrices: Adults NOK 120 Children NOK 60 Senior NOK 60Family Pass NOK 200 (For up to two adults and two kids)1. Who are the intended readers of
9、the passage?A. Local residents.B. Professional athletes.C. Travel experts.D. Common Tourists.2. Which of the following activities provide instructions for beginners?A. River Kayaking and Rafting.B. Husdyrparken and River Kayaking.C. Rafting and Bavallsekspressen Chair Lift.D. Bavallsekspressen Chair
10、 Lift and Husdyrparken.3. How much should Jan pay for a farm trip with her little son and her mother in Voss?A. NOK 240.B. NOK 200.C. NOK 180.D. NOK 120.【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了沃斯四种户外活动的特色以及收费情况。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“When you grow up in Voss, outdoor adventures become a way of living.
11、This is why visitors will find outdoor activities for all ages and levels.(当你在沃斯长大，户外探险成为了一种生活方式。这就是为什么游客们会发现各种年龄层次的户外活动)”结合文章主要介绍了沃斯四种户外活动的特色以及收费情况，可推知这篇文章的目标读者是普通游客。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据 River Kayaking部分中“If you are a beginner, we advise you to try an introduction course of 3 hours.(如果你是初学者，我们建议你试一试3
12、小时的入门课程)”以及 Rafting部分中“Thrilling, fun and suitable for beginners as well as those with experience!(惊险，有趣，适合初学者和那些有经验的人!)”可知，河流皮划艇和漂流为初学者提供指导。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据 Husdyrparken部分中“Family Pass NOK 200 (For up to two adults and two kids)(家庭入场证NOK 200只限两名成人及两名儿童)”可知，简带着她的儿子和母亲去沃斯农场旅行要付NOK 200。故选B。BWhen I w
13、as a child, I attained high grades in my academic study. However, I was physically uncoordinated because I was running too slowly. But for future college application, sport was a must. So I took up fencing (击剑) because I thought it required more strategy than athletic ability.Then I joined the schoo
14、ls fencing team. My movements were clumsy compared to the seniors. One afternoon after a whole lessons failure, tears of frustration welled up in my eyes. One of my teammates approached me, “Could you tell me where your blade (剑) hit me?” She asked. I pointed to her right shoulder. She nodded and pa
15、tted my stomach, “Thats where I hit you.” She had begun to walk away when I blurted out, “Want to practice together? Again?”We practiced until we both felt more confident. But it wasnt just the two of us. All these girls were entirely willing to share their knowledge with everyone, helping each othe
16、r to grow.That afternoon, I watched a senior fencer execute a flawless attack admiringly. Something inside me suddenly bloomed. I realized later that it was love for both fencing and the fencing team.During the city championship, I was selected to fence. My opponent was the best fencer on her school
17、s team. “Ready, fence.” The match began. Suddenly, my opponents blade hit me. The score was 1-0.At the moment I could hear my teammates shouting, “Keep distance!” And the team captains voice was clear and commanding, “Parry, then disengage!”Fencing, unlike academics, wasnt something I could succeed
18、in by myselfeven during an individual match, my teammates were still giving me advice. Unathletic as I was, I was proud to be an athlete and a teammate.I saw my blade tip bury itself into my opponents shoulder and the judge signaling that it was my point. I could taste the sweat on my lips, which we
19、re breaking out into a smile.4. Why did the author start to learn fencing?A. Because she needed to train her coordination.B. Because she thought it would be easier for her.C. Because she could not succeed in any other sport.D. Because she wanted to enter the school fencing team.5. How did the girls
20、improve their fencing skills?A. By observing flawless attacks.B. By practicing on their own.C. By offering guidance to each other.D. By competing with other teams.6. What distinguishes fencing from academics according to the author?A. Strong determination.B. Hard work.C. Athletic strategy.D. Team su
21、pport.7. How did the author feel when she got her point?A. Unbeatable and respectful.B. Sweaty and ashamed.C. Energetic and secure.D. Proud and thankful.【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过女孩们互相提供指导提高自己的击剑技巧并爱上击剑，且在参加比赛得分时感到了自豪与感恩。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“So I took up fencing (击剑) because I th
22、ought it required more strategy than athletic ability.(所以我开始学习击剑，因为我认为它需要更多的策略而不是运动能力)”可知，作者开始学习剑术是因为她认为这对她来说会更容易。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“All these girls were entirely willing to share their knowledge with everyone, helping each other to grow.(所有这些女孩都完全愿意与每个人分享她们的知识，帮助彼此成长)”可知，女孩们是通过互相提供指导来提高她们的击剑技巧的。
23、故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Fencing, unlike academics, wasnt something I could succeed in by myselfeven during an individual match, my teammates were still giving me advice.(击剑不像学术，不是我一个人就能成功的即使在一场个人比赛中，我的队友仍然在给我建议)”可知，根据作者的观点，击剑与学术的区别是击剑需要团队支持。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Unathletic as I was, I was proud to
24、 be an athlete and a teammate.(虽然我不擅长运动，但我很自豪能成为一名运动员和队友)”以及最后一段“I could taste the sweat on my lips, which were breaking out into a smile.(我能尝到嘴唇上的汗水，那汗水突然绽开了笑容)”可推断，当作者得分时，她很骄傲并且很感恩。故选D。CImagine that you are a superhero. Your superpowers are activated by a special suit. The suit communicates with y
25、our brain. It allows you to do amazing things with only a thought. By concentrating on strength, for example, you can kick a soccer ball across a field. By focusing on swift actions, you can jump to the top of a tree.Such a connection between mind and machine may sound like a fantasy. To scientists,
26、 though, it is a very real goal. They are creating machines that let disabled monkeys walk. These machines may soon help disabled humans do the same. Unlike other bionic devices, these robotic “super suits” do not communicate with muscles and nerves. Instead, they have a direct line to the brain.In
27、2005, doctors drilled a hole in the skull of Hutchinson, who had lost her right arm in an accident. Then they inserted a sensor onto her motor cortex (大脑皮层运动区). Wires connected the sensor to a receiver on her head. After she recovered, researchers plugged Hutchinsons receiver into a cable that relay
28、ed signals from her brain to computers. Then they connected a robotic arm to the computers. The computers could interpret Hutchinsons brain signals to move the arm.Soon, Hutchinson, the computer, and the robotic arm became a team. Hutchinson was even able to lift her hand and drink from a cup. “She
29、smiled when she put down that drinkthats everything.” says Donoghue, a brain scientist.Today other scientists are building on that success. One of those scientists is Dr. Miguel Nicolelis, who designed a whole-body bionic equipment. In 2014, a disabled former athlete kicked the first ball of the Wor
30、ld Cup Games wearing one of Miguels full-body exoskeletons.The exoskeleton was connected to brain signal sensors in the mans cap. By thinking about kicking, he sent signals to a computer on his back. The computer then translated the signal into an exoskeleton-aided kick. Such designs may become comm
31、on as scientists keep merging mind and machine.8 Which can best describe the tone of paragraph 1?A. Narrative and serious.B. Persuasive and critical.C. Informative and objective.D. Descriptive and imaginative.9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Reason of the experiment.B. Results of the experimen
32、t.C. Process of the experiment.D. Significance of the experiment.10. Why is Dr. Miguels exoskeleton special?A. It can be used on animals.B. It can move the whole body.C. It was supported by computers.D. It was connected directly to the brain.11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Roboti
33、c suits may be widely used to help disabled people.B. Exoskeleton is more common than Hutchinsons bionic arm.C. Scientific experiments are commonly carried out in football fields.D. Disabled athletes can now play football again with the help of computer.【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍
34、了科学家们通过研究可以使大脑和机器直接联系，这项技术可能被广泛用于帮助残疾人。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Imagine that you are a superhero. Your superpowers are activated by a special suit. The suit communicates with your brain. It allows you to do amazing things with only a thought.（想象你是一个超级英雄。你的超能力被一件特殊的衣服激活。这套衣服可以和你的大脑交流。它让你只用一个想法就能做出惊人的事情。）”可推
35、断，这段表述很具有描述性和想象力。故选D。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“In 2005, doctors drilled a hole in the skull of Hutchinson, who had lost her right arm in an accident. Then they inserted a sensor onto her motor cortex (大脑皮层运动区). Wires connected the sensor to a receiver on her head. After she recovered, researchers plugged Hu
36、tchinsons receiver into a cable that relayed signals from her brain to computers. Then they connected a robotic arm to the computers. The computers could interpret Hutchinsons brain signals to move the arm.（2005年，医生在Hutchinson的颅骨上钻了一个洞，她在一次事故中失去了右臂。然后他们在她的运动皮层上植入了一个传感器。电线将传感器连接到她头上的接收器。在她康复后，研究人员将哈金
37、森的接收器插入一根电缆，将信号从她的大脑传送到电脑。然后他们将一个机械臂连接到电脑上。计算机可以通过解读哈金森的大脑信号来移动手臂。）”可知，本段讲述的是实验过程。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“One of those scientists is Dr. Miguel Nicolelis, who designed a whole-body bionic equipment. In 2014, a disabled former athlete kicked the first ball of the World Cup Games wearing one of Migue
38、ls full-body exoskeletons.（Miguel Nicolelis博士就是其中一名科学家，他设计了一个全身仿生设备。2014年，一名残疾前运动员踢出了世界杯比赛的第一个球，他穿着米格尔的一个全身外骨骼。）”可知，米格尔博士的外骨骼特别的原因是它可以移动整个身体。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The exoskeleton was connected to brain signal sensors in the mans cap. By thinking about kicking, he sent signals to a computer on his
39、back. The computer then translated the signal into an exoskeleton-aided kick. Such designs may become common as scientists keep merging mind and machine.（这个外骨骼与这名男子帽子上的大脑信号传感器相连。当他想到踢人时，他就向背上的电脑发送信号。然后计算机将信号转换为外骨骼辅助踢腿。随着科学家们不断融合思维和机器，这样的设计可能会变得普遍。）”可推断，机器人套装可能被广泛用于帮助残疾人。故选A。DHave you ever done somet
40、hing for someone elseknowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU? Maybe you opened a door or donated blood or volunteered in a hospitals ER during the pandemic. This is called a prosocial behavior. Humans engage in these types of behaviors all the time.But a question remains in s
41、cience: Are we the only species who do this? As one of out closest relatives, chimpanzees have long been studied for signs of this. So far, research has provided mixed results on the question.Some studies show that chimps cooperatively hunt, share food and comfort each other. But one study came to a
42、 very different conclusion. The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp. If they chose the latter, it was seen as a prosocial behavior. Bu
43、t the result is that chimps showed no special preferences for feeding themselves and a friend over feeding just themselves. Another study conducted by DeTroy, however, discovered a totally different result.Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroys research was very
44、 naturalistic. “We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees outer enclosures. When an individual pushes the button, it releases juice from the fountain. However, since the button and fountain are approximately five meters apart, the individual pushing cannot directly drink from the fou
45、ntain. And if any other chimpanzees are at the fountain when the button is pushed, they, and not the pusher, will be able to drink the juice.In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiti
46、ng themselves.“It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldnt benefit themselves from their behavior.” said DeTroy.Further research may reveal what lies behind their prosocial motivation. B
47、ut for now, its safe to assume that chimpanzees are not simply aping human behavior.12. Which of the following belongs to prosocial behaviors?A. Jack participated in voluntary work in the library just to earn credits.B. Mark turned to his classmate for help when feeling stressful in study.C. Tim gui
48、ded a lost child back home on his way to an important job interview.D. Rose often interrupted the teacher to ask questions actively in the maths class.13. What is the task of the chimpanzees in the lab-based study?A. Sharing food.B. Making a choice.C. Comforting others.D. Showing sympathy.14. How is
49、 DeTroys study different from the previous ones?A. It was based on controlled lab experiment.B. It gave juice to the chimpanzees as a reward.C. It offered the tested chimpanzees a natural surrounding.D. It provided a chance for chimpanzees to help their partners.15. What can we learn from DeTroys qu
50、otes?A. Chimpanzees can develop abilities to help others.B. Chimpanzees have acquired many human behaviors.C. Chimpanzees in the wild is cleverer than those in the lab.D. Chimpanzees displayed prosocial behaviors for certain rewards.【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了亲社会行为的概念和两个研究黑猩猩是否有
51、亲社会行为的实验。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Have you ever done something for someone elseknowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU?(你是否曾为别人做过什么事明知你的行为只会让他们受益，而不会让你自己受益？)”和“This is called a prosocial behavior.(这被称为亲社会行为)”可知，亲社会行为是指明知你的行为只会让他们受益，而不会让你自己受益的情况下为别人做事的行为，所以选项C“蒂姆在去参加一个重要的工作面试的路上领着
52、一个迷路的孩子回家。”是亲社会行为。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp.(这项研究采用了一项受控实验室实验，在围栏里的黑猩猩被给予两种选择：按下按钮给自己喂食，或按下按钮给自己
53、和伴侣喂食) ”可知，在这项基于实验室的研究中，黑猩猩的任务是做出选择。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroys research was very naturalistic.(与以前的受控实验室实验相比，底特律的研究设置是非常自然的)”和“We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees outer enclosures.(我们在黑猩猩的外部围栏里安装了一个按钮和一个
54、喷泉)”可知，DeTroy的研究不同于之前的研究之处是它为被测试的黑猩猩提供了一个自然环境。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据倒第三段“In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.(在这个实验中，黑猩猩表现出了为他人利益而行动的意愿，个别黑猩猩愿意按下按钮，但对自己没有好处) ”和倒第二段中的
55、 “It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldnt benefit themselves from their behavior.(看到许多黑猩猩愿意亲社会地为群体成员提供宝贵的资源，即使他们不能从自己的行为中获益，这真的很吸引人) ”可知，我们可以从DeTroy的话中了解到黑猩猩也能有亲社会行为，能够发展出帮助他人的能力。故选A
56、。第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Let a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. To enter and enjoy this new world, we need to love and explain literature. Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behin
57、d the race are the natural and social environments. In a word, we wish to enjoy and understand literature. _16_The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty. In fact, we are surrounded with truth and beauty. _17_ Men pass a field and see only dead grass; but a poet stops and
58、 looks deeper, saying, “Yesterdays flowers am I.” One who reads it can see the beauty that was hidden from his eyes.The second quality is its appeal to our feelings and imagination. _18_ When Christopher asks in the presence of Helen, “Was this the face that launched a thousand ships?” he opens a do
59、or through which our imagination enters a new world, a world of love and heroism.The third quality is its permanence. To achieve this, it should contain two elements: universal humanity and personal style. _19_ It also takes on a personal styleno writer can describe human life without reflecting his
60、 own life and experiences._20_ It is also the written record of mans thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.A. The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.B. Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says.C. Therefore, what amaze us about l
61、iterature is its essential qualities.D. In summary, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty.E. Good literature reflects basic human naturelove and hate, joy and sadness.F. Literature will provide us with a vivid picture of what will happen in future life.G. But some remain
62、unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention.【答案】16. A 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了文学的一些重要特性，我们需要热爱和解释文学，且我们希望享受和理解文学。【16题详解】根据上文“Let a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. To enter and enjoy this new world, we ne
63、ed to love and explain literature. Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments. In a word, we wish to enjoy and understand literature.(让一本伟大的书走进心灵，让我们发现一个新世界，一个梦想和魔法的世界。为了进入和享受这个新世界，我们需要热爱和解释文学。每一本书的背后都是一个人，人的背后是种族，而种族的背后是自然和社会环
64、境。总之，我们希望享受和理解文学)”以及后文“The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty. (文学的首要特性是对真善美的描写)”，“The second quality is its appeal to our feelings and imagination.(第二个特性是它能吸引我们的感情和想象力)”“The third quality is its permanence.(第三个特性是它的持久性)”可知，上文提到了享受和理解文学，后文则提到了文学的3个特性，可知本句是在说明文学的特性，A选项
65、中qualities对应后文中quality。故A选项“第一步是确定它的一些重要特性”符合语境，故选A。【17题详解】根据后文“Men pass a field and see only dead grass; but a poet stops and looks deeper, saying, “Yesterdays flowers am I.” One who reads it can see the beauty that was hidden from his eyes.(人们走过田野，看到的只是枯死的草；但是一位诗人却停下来看得更深，说：“我是昨日的花。”读它的人能看到隐藏在他的眼睛
66、里的美)”可知，后文诗人的例子说明，有些东西一直没有被人们注意到，直到一个敏感的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意。故G选项“但是有些东西一直没有被注意到，直到一个敏感的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“The second quality is its appeal to our feelings and imagination.(第二个特性是它能吸引我们的情感和想象力)”以及后文“When Christopher asks in the presence of Helen, “Was this the face that launched a thousan
67、d ships?” he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new world, a world of love and heroism.(当克里斯托弗当着海伦的面问道：“就是这张脸让千艘船下水了吗？”他打开了一扇门，通过它，我们的想象力进入了一个新的世界，一个充满爱和英雄主义的世界)”可知，本段主要说明的是文学能吸引我们的情感和想象力，即换句话说它唤醒了人们的情感和想象力，而不是它实际上表达了什么具体内容。故B选项“它的吸引力更多地在于它唤醒了我们内在的东西，而不是它说了什么”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“Th
68、e third quality is its permanence. To achieve this, it should contain two elements: universal humanity and personal style.(第三个特性是它的持久性。要做到这一点，它应该包含两个要素：普遍的人性和个人风格)”可知，上文提到文学要反应人性，本句应承接上文具体说明反应人类哪些人性，E选项中human nature对应上文中universal humanity。故E选项“好的文学作品反映了人类的基本本性爱与恨，喜与悲”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】根据后文“It is also
69、the written record of mans thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.(它也是人的思想和感情的书面记录，人类灵魂的历史)”可知，本句位于本段最后一句，应再次对文学的特性进行总结，D选项中literature对应后文it。故D选项“总之，文学是以真善美的形式表现生活的”符合语境，故选D。第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Teens
70、 in the United States like teens in many countries have more leisure time today than ever before. But over a number of decades, there have been some _21_ in how teenagers spend their time after school._22_ school clubs remains a common after-school activity. According to a study, the three most popu
71、lar are sports clubs, performing arts clubs, and academic clubsthe same as 20 years age. While overall participation in these clubs has gradually _23_ over the last two decades, this does not mean that students are less active.Teens today are more likely to _24_ or work with community groups. High s
72、chool seniors are thinking about _25_. They know that academic grades, school activities, and community _26_ are all important in making a _27_ application for college.While the kinds of activities that students take part in at school have not changed greatly, high school teens now spend their leisu
73、re time out of school in very _28_ ways. For example, teens today are less likely to visit a friend _29_ than 20 years ago. And perhaps _30_, they are far less likely to read a print newspaper or magazine.One reason is _31_ to the Internet, and it has _32_ become their main channel for _33_ and gett
74、ing information. Calling and texting are the most popular means of communication among teens. Teens also _34_ friends through social media. A study in 2018 showed that 45% teens are online almost constantly and 97% use a social media platform. This trend is likely to _35_.21. A. witnessesB. changesC
75、. assessmentsD. drawbacks22. A. Participating inB. Setting upC. Responding toD. Settling in23. A. droppedB. increasedC. disappearedD. boomed24. A. studyB. graduateC. obeyD. volunteer25. A. collegeB. gameC. familyD. friends26. A. teamworkB. settlementC. involvementD. customs27. A. valuableB. practica
76、lC. skillfulD. competitive28. A. classicB. identicalC. controversialD. different29. A. in personB. in vainC. in conditionD. in favor30. A. inconvenientlyB. unsurprisinglyC. uncomfortablyD. unfortunately31. A. objectionB. reformC. accessD. contribution32. A. suddenlyB. increasinglyC. accidentallyD. a
77、nnually33. A. livingB. socializingC. classifyingD. checking34. A. show offB. make fun ofC. keep up withD. connect with35. A. pauseB. fadeC. continueD. survive【答案】21. B 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在过去的几十年里，美国青少年在闲暇时间的安排上发生了
78、一些变化。文章主要说明了如今青少年度过闲暇时间与以往的一些不同之处以及背后的原因。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在过去的几十年里，青少年在课余时间的安排上发生了一些变化。A. witnesses目击者；B. changes变化；C. assessments评价；D. drawbacks缺点。根据上文“Teens in the United States like teens in many countries have more leisure time today than ever before. But over a number of decades, there have
79、been some”以及后文说明了如今青少年度过闲暇时间的不同，可知but表示转折，说明在过去的几十年里，青少年在课余时间的安排上已经有了一些变化，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：参加学校俱乐部仍然是一种常见的课外活动。A. Participating in参加；B. Setting up设置；C. Responding to回答；D. Settling in入住。根据后文宾语“school clubs”指参加学校俱乐部，应用participate in。后文“participation in these clubs”也是提示。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然在
80、过去20年里，这些社团的整体参与度逐渐下降，但这并不意味着学生的活跃度降低了。A. dropped下降；B. increased增加；C. disappeared消失；D. boomed繁荣。根据后文“this does not mean that students are less active.”可知这些社团的整体参与度逐渐下降了，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天的青少年更倾向于志愿服务或参与社区团体。A. study学习；B. graduate毕业；C. obey服从；D. volunteer自愿。根据后文“or work with community groups”提
81、到了社区团体，可推测今天的青少年更倾向于志愿服务或是社区团体。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：高中毕业生在考虑上大学。A. college大学；B. game游戏；C. family家庭；D. friends朋友。呼应后文“application for college”指高中毕业时考虑上大学。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们知道学习成绩、学校活动和社区参与对于大学申请的竞争都很重要。A. teamwork团队合作；B. settlement解决；C. involvement参与；D. customs习俗。结合上文“work with community gro
82、ups”可知，此处指参与社区活动，involvement符合语境。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们知道学习成绩、学校活动和社区参与对于大学申请竞争都很重要。A. valuable有价值的；B. practical实际的；C. skillful熟练的；D. competitive竞争的。根据后文“application for college”可知对于申请大学来说，学习成绩、学校活动和社区参与度是具有竞争性的指标。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然学生在学校参加的活动种类没有很大变化，但现在的高中生以非常不同的方式度过校外的休闲时光。A. classic经典
83、的；B. identical完全相同的；C. controversial有争议的；D. different不同的。根据后文“they are far less likely to read a print newspaper or magazine.”指出青少年如今度过业余时间的一些差异，可知此处是在说明他们度过校外休闲时间的不同之处，故选D。【29题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，和20年前比，现在的青少年不太可能亲自拜访朋友。A. in person亲自；B. in vain徒劳；C. in condition身体好；D. in favor有利于。根据上文“teens today ar
84、e less likely to visit a friend”以及常识，可知如今的青少年不太可能亲自拜访朋友。故选A。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许不出所料，他们不太可能阅读纸质报纸或杂志。A. inconveniently不方便地；B. unsurprisingly不出所料地；C. uncomfortably不舒服地；D. unfortunately不幸地。根据后文“they are far less likely to read a print newspaper or magazine.”可知此处与上文都是在说明青少年的不同，所以是不出所料（unsurprisingly），
85、他们不太可能阅读纸质报纸或杂志。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一个原因是上网，它已经越来越成为他们社交和获取信息的主要渠道。A. objection反对；B. reform改革；C. access进入；D. contribution贡献。根据后文“to the Internet”指“使用”应用 access to。故选C。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：其中一个原因是上网，它已经越来越成为他们社交和获取信息的主要渠道。A. suddenly突然；B. increasingly越来越多地；C. accidentally偶然地；D. annually每年。根据后文“bec
86、ome their main channel for”可知网络已经越来越成为现在青少年社交和获取信息的主要渠道。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一个原因是上网，它已经越来越成为他们社交和获取信息的主要渠道。A. living居住；B. socializing社交；C. classifying分类；D. checking检查。根据后文“Calling and texting are the most popular means of communication among teens.”可知，青少年如今通过网络进行社交。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：青少年也通过
87、社交媒体与朋友联系。A. show off炫耀；B. make fun of取笑；C. keep up with赶得上；D. connect with联系。根据后文“friends through social media”可知青少年也通过社交媒体与朋友联系。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种趋势很可能会继续下去。A. pause暂停；B. fade褪色；C. continue继续；D. survive幸存。结合上文“A study in 2018 showed that 45% teens are online almost constantly and 97% use a
88、social media platform. This trend is likely to”可知，2018年的一项研究显示，45%的青少年几乎经常上网，97%使用社交媒体平台。而这种趋势很可能会继续下去。故选C。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The First time someone thought of an idea similar to a parachute (降落伞) was in 1514. It was Leonardo da Vinci _36_ sketched its desig
89、n in his notebook. Many years later another man by the name of Fausto Veranzio published his own design, which was strikingly similar to _37_ of Da Vinci. Veranzio went on _38_ (explain) exactly how this device would work when jumping from a high place. However, the first man to successfully try the
90、 parachute _39_ (say) to be a Frenchman named J.P. Blanchard. He dropped a little dog sitting in a basket all by _40_ (it) from a hot air balloon in flight and watched it land on the ground _41_ (save). He even claimed that he used the parachute himself in 1793. _42_ was unlucky was that he broke hi
91、s leg when he touched the ground.The first man to use the parachute regularly was _43_ Frenchman named Andre-Jacques Garnerin. According to a recorded documentation, he went parachuting _44_ the first time in 1797, when he jumped off a _45_ (high) of 600 meters but landed securely.【答案】36. who#that 3
92、7. that 38. to explain 39. was said 40. itself 41. safely 42. What 43. a 44. for 45. height【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了类似降落伞这个想法的起源以及开始实施降落伞的试验。【36题详解】考查强调句。句意：是列奥纳多达芬奇在他的笔记本上勾画了它的设计草图。强调句的结构为It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本句强调主语 Leonardo da Vinci 。故填who/that。【37题详解】考查代词。句意：多年以后，另一个名叫福斯托韦兰齐奥
93、的人发表了自己的设计，与达芬奇的设计惊人地相似。分析句子可知，这里是指代前面提到的his own design，为不可数名词，所以用代词that。故填that。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：维兰齐奥接着详细解释了这个装置从高处跳下时的工作原理。固定短语go on to do表示“接着再做另一件事”，文章前后阐述的不是同一件事。故填to explain。【39题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：然而，第一个成功尝试降落伞的人据说是一个叫JP布兰查德的法国人。主语the first man与动词say是被动关系，且事情发生在过去。故填was said。【40题详解】考查固定短语。句意：他把一只小狗
94、从飞行中的热气球上丢下，独自坐在一个篮子里，看着它安全着陆。固定短语by oneself表示“独自”这里代指a little dog。故填itself。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：他把一只小狗从飞行中的热气球上丢下，独自坐在一个篮子里，看着它安全着陆。动词land后用副词修饰。故填safely。【42题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：不幸的是，他在触地时摔断了腿。分析句子可知，本句为主语从句，从句缺少主语，且指物，所以用连接代词what引导主语从句。故填What。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：第一个经常使用降落伞的人是法国人安德烈雅克加纳林。可数名词Frenchman是单数形式，且这里是泛指，且
95、发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。【44题详解】考查固定短语。句意：根据一份有记录的文件，他第一次跳伞是在1797年，当时他从600米的高度跳下，但安全着陆。固定短语for the first time表示“第一次”。故填for。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：根据一份有记录的文件，他第一次跳伞是在1797年，当时他从600米的高度跳下，但安全着陆。根据句中的冠词a以及空格后的介词of，可知空格处应填入名词。故填height。第三部分 写作（共三节，满分50分）第一节 完成句子（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请根据句子意思和汉语提示用选修六至八单词表词完成下列句子，每空只填一个
96、单词。46. Its time to _(任命) an experienced leader to take charge of the company.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】appoint【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该任命一位有经验的领导来管理公司了。根据汉语提示“任命”可知，应填动词appoint，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填appoint。47. James, _(陪伴) by his lawyer, walked into the courtroom. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】accompanied【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：詹姆斯在律师的
97、陪同下走进了法庭。根据汉语提示“陪伴”可知，应填accompany，句中逻辑主语James与accompany之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作状语。故填accompanied。48. I think youre _(绝对地) right to point out my errors. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】absolutely【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：我认为你指出我的错误是完全正确的。根据句意和汉语提示词可知，absolute“绝对的”，此处用副词作状语，修饰形容词“right”，“absolute”的副词形式“absolutely”。故填absolutely。49. We
98、 should always be _(意识到的) of our own shortcomings. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】aware【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们应该时刻意识到自己的缺点。根据汉语提示“意识到的”和空前的“be”以及空后的“of”可知，此处为固定短语be aware of，意为“知道，意识到”。故填aware。50. I hope we shall come to a _(妥协). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】compromise【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我希望我们能达成妥协。come to a compromise达成妥协。根据汉语提示及句意，故
99、填compromise。51. He _(拖) a chair out of his playroom and put it next to the counter. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】dragged【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：他从娱乐室里拖出一把椅子，放在讲台旁边。根据汉语提示“拖”，可知应填动词drag，作谓语，结合后文 put it next to the counter可知为一般过去时。故填dragged。52. The new policy will be _(有益的) to the local villagers. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】benefici
100、al【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：新政策将有利于当地村民。根据词义“有益的”可知，应填形容词beneficial作表语，构成固定短语be beneficial to sb（对某人有益）。故填beneficial。53. The manager _(分配) the work every morning. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】distributes【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：经理每天早上分配工作。根据汉语提示“分配”，可知应填动词distribute，作谓语，根据后文every morning可知用一般现在时，主语为manager，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填distr
101、ibutes。54. There is much evidence _(表明) that raising pets can reduce stress. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】indicating【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有很多证据表明养宠物可以减轻压力。根据句意和提示词可知，表明是“indicate”。且句子中谓语动词is，空处填非谓语动词，evidence和indicate之间形成主动关系，故填现在分词indicating。故填indicating。55. Our work varied from conducting evaluations of programs
102、to _(推荐) improvement plans. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】recommending【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们的工作从对项目进行评估到提出改进计划的建议。根据汉语提示“推荐”，可知应填动词recommend，此处作介词to的宾语，应用动名词（doing）形式。故填recommending。第二节 应用文写作（共1小题，满分15分）56. 你校上周举办了帮助贫困地区留守儿童的云义卖（online charity sale）活动，请你为学校英文校报写一篇活动报道，内容包括：1. 活动目的；2. 活动过程：网上展示和销售闲置物品等；3. 活动意义和参与者感受。
103、注意：1. 写作词数应为100词左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不记在字数内。An online charity sale was held in our school last week. _【答案】A Possible Version:An online charity sale was held in our school last week. This activity was aimed at enhancing students sense of social responsibility and helping the left-behind children in the pov
104、erty-hit area. More than 3,000 people in total, including students, teachers and parents, took an active part in it. The participants displayed and sold the idle items on line. All the money they earned will be donated to those poor children as their tuition fees. The event has achieved a big hit. O
105、n the websites comment board, some participants said that they benefited enormously from the event and some expressed their hope that more illuminating activities like this could be held in the future.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给学校上周举办的帮助贫困地区留守儿童的云义卖活动写一篇活动报道。【详解】1.词汇积累目的是：be aimed at=be intended to提高：
106、enhanceincrease参加：take part in=participate in获得：achievegain2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：More than 3,000 people in total, including students, teachers and parents, took an active part in it.拓展句：It was more than 3,000 people in total, including students, teachers and parents that took an active part in it.【点睛】高分句型
107、1All the money they earned will be donated to those poor children as their tuition fees. (运用了省略that引导的限制性定语从句)高分句型2 On the websites comment board, some participants said that they benefited enormously from the event and some expressed their hope that more illuminating activities like this could be h
108、eld in the future. (第一个that引导宾语从句，第二个that引导同位语从句)第三节 读后续写（共1题，满分25分）57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“Next Friday well have the annual Egg Drop Challenge. The challenge is simple you have to build a protective container to keep an egg from breaking when dropped over the stadium wall.” said Mr.
109、 Beal.Cassie and I grinned at each other. Always working on projects together, were perfect combination. Shes brainy while I am creative.While waiting for Cassie to come over and work on the container, I made my favorite sandwich with the fluffy marshmallow (棉花糖) cream. That gave me an idea: We can
110、put some marshmallow cream under the egg as a cushion.I later told Cassie about it. But Cassie wasnt interested. “I got a better idea. We put the egg in a basket with a parachute attached.” She said.“It will never work.” I said.“And Marshmallow cream will?” Cassie rolled her eyes. “The parachute is
111、better than that stupid idea.”I couldnt believe it. She never called my idea “stupid” before. “Then I will build mine and you build yours, and well just see whose is better.”“Fine!” Cassie stormed out. And just like that, our friendship was smashed, like an egg dropped from the top of a stadium with
112、out marshmallow cream to protect it.When Friday arrived, I saw Cassies Egg Force One. She had a handkerchief to create a small parachute. It was tied to a basket and, in the center of it, her egg.My Egg-cellent Egg Cream didnt look quite scientific. I used a layer of marshmallow cream and a layer of
113、 jelly (果冻) to support the egg.The competition started. Everyone in my class carried their egg containers up three stadium steps and dropped them over the side wall. If your egg broke, you were out. If the egg survived, you had to walk up three more steps and drop it again. This went on until the la
114、st egg broke.By the fourth launch, only Cassie and I were left. _“My egg flew out,” She explained, pointing to a broken shell in the grass. _【答案】Possible Version One:By the fourth launch, only Cassie and I were left. The class called “One, two, three” I let go of my box. Then I raced down the steps,
115、 trying to get to the bottom before Cassie did. I finally found my brave little Egg-cellent Egg Cream. I didnt even have to open the box to see the results. Yolk and egg white mixed with yellow jelly seeped from the corner. My heart raced as I looked at Cassies basket. It was empty. (72)“My egg flew
116、 out,” She explained, pointing to a broken shell in the grass. “You know what? I guess it will survive if we put some marshmallow inside your parachute basket.” I started to rethink about the possibility of combining the two ideas. Cassie looked at me, and her glare softened. Then I grinned. She gig
117、gled. Neither of us win the competition. But Cassie and I knew we had won something more important than the Egg Drop Challenge. Maybe some friendships arent like eggs after all. They can survive a little bouncing. (78)Possible Version Two:By the fourth launch only Cassie and I were left. We stared a
118、t each other as if we were enemy. Neither of us would like to accept our idea was a failure. Mr. Beal announced the start of our fourth try. “Three, two, one!” I let go of my Egg-cellent Egg Cream with my palms sweating. What I could see from above was the yellow transparent liquid mixed with white
119、spots. Immediately, I realized I lost the game. Feeling upset, I still wondered whether Cassies parachute had landed safely. (79)“My egg flew out,” She explained, pointing to a broken shell in the grass. Kids were booing as they had already known there wouldnt be a winner of this year. Later, Mr. Be
120、al declared we were having a tie this year. I approached Cassie and patted on her shoulder, realizing the challenge shouldnt have a negative impact on our friendship. Cassie said softly, “Even though our eggs die so easily, our friendship wont. Next year, we are going to work out a perfect container
121、 together. (71)【解析】【分析】所给文章讲述作者和好友Cassie一直是好搭档，但是在学校举行的“鸡蛋下落挑战赛”中，俩人却在如何保护鸡蛋下落时不会破掉这件事上有了分歧，她们闹翻了，准备各自分开参加比赛。比赛时间到来了，她们拿着各自的作品上场。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“到第四轮发射的时候，只剩下Cassie和我的还完好。”可知，第一段可描写第四轮发射之后作者的心理活动和结果。由第二段首句内容“她指着草地上的一个破壳解释道：“我的蛋飞了出来。”可知，第二段可描写Cassie和作者的挑战都没有成功，她们一致同意以后还要成为好搭档。2.续写线索：“我”的挑战结果Cassi
122、e的挑战结果和好总结经验感悟3.词汇激活行为类到达：get to/arrive at/reach加速：race/speed up开始：start to do/begin to do情绪类目光柔和：her glare softened/be mild-eyed心跳加速：heart raced/heat beat quickly【点睛】高分句型1. Then I raced down the steps, trying to get to the bottom before Cassie did.（现在分词作状语；before引导的时间状语从句）高分句型2. I guess it will survive if we put some marshmallow inside your parachute basket.（省略that的宾语从句；if引导的条件状语从句）
