1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 4Body language主题: 人与自我子话题: 语言学习对应教材: 必修4Unit 4Body language重点单词巧记. 核心单词1. flight n. 飞行; 航班2. approachvt. &vi. 接近; 靠近; 走近n. 接近; 方法; 途径 3. majoradj. 主要的; 严重4. dashvi. 猛冲; 突进5. adultn. 成人; 成年人adj. 成人的; 成熟的6. simplyadv. 简
2、单地; 只7. spokenadj. 口语的8. likelyadj. 可能的9. crossroadsn. 十字路口10. functionn. 作用; 功能; 职能vi. 起作用; 运转11. easen. 安逸; 舒适vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑)12. falseadj. 错误的; 假的13. fistn. 拳头14. yawnvi. 打呵欠15. subjectiveadj. 主观的16. hugvi. &vt. 拥抱17. rankn. 等级; 军衔. 拓展单词1. state v. 陈述; 说明 statement n. 陈述; 说明2. greet vi. & vt. 迎接; 问候
3、greeting n. 问候; 招呼 3. associate vt. 联想; 联系 association n. 社团; 联系; 联想4. curious adj. 好奇的curiously adv. 好奇地curiosity n. 好奇心5. defend vt. 保护; 保卫defence n. 防御; 保卫6. misunderstand vt. 误解; 误会misunderstanding n. 误解; 误会7. face n. 脸 facial adj. 面部的8. anger n. 怒气; 怒火angry adj. 生气的angrily adv. 生气地9. major adj.
4、 主要的 majority n. 大多数10. represent vt. 代表; 象征representation n. 代表representative adj. 有代表性的 n. 代表(人)11. true adj. 真实的truth n. 事实, 真相truly adv. 真实地; 真诚地; 真正地核心短语闪记1. defend. . . against保卫以免受; 防御2. be likely to很可能; 有希望3. in general总的来说; 通常4. at ease舒适; 快活; 自由自在5. lose face丢脸6. turn ones back to背对; 背弃经典句
5、式速记1. 【句型公式】: 动词不定式作后置定语The first person to arrive (第一个到达的人) was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. 2. 【句型公式】: not all. . . 表示部分否定Not all cultures greet each other the same way (各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同), nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or dis
6、tance between people. 3. 【句型公式】: be likely to do. . . 很可能做However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them (更可能接触他们). 4. 【句型公式】: v. -ing 作主语Making a fist(握紧拳头)and shaking it almost always means that someone is angry a
7、nd threatening another person. 1. mis-前缀, 加在动词之前表否定misunderstand 误解miscount 数错misjudge 误判mislead 误导misspell 拼写错2. “v. + against”类短语集萃stand against反抗; 反对; 站起来反对guard against防止; 提防; 防备act against违反; 违背vote against 投票反对go against 不利于; 违反; 反对. 细品味经典文章Body language is used by people for sending messages
8、to one another. It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily understood. When you are talking with others, you are not just using words, but also using expressions and gestures. For example, waving ones hand is to say “Good-bye. ” A smile and handshake show welcome, and clapping ha
9、nds means congratulations. Nodding the head means agreement, but shaking the head means disagreement. The gestures are accepted both by Chinese and foreigners as having the same meanings. Different countries have different body language. For example, men in Russia, France and Arab countries kiss eac
10、h other when they meet, but men in China or Australia shake hands instead of kissing. People in Puerto Rico like touching each other, but people from English speaking countries do not touch each other. If you touch an English person, you should say “Sorry”. People in Arab countries like standing clo
11、se to one another when they are talking, but English people must keep a distance away when they are talking. In some Asian countries, you must not touch the head of another person. In Arab countries, you eat using the fingers of your right hand; the left hand is not used at all. In parts of Asia, yo
12、u must not sit with your feet pointing at another person. When you use a foreign language, it is very important to know the meanings of gestures and movements in the foreign country. Following the customs will help you communicate with people and make your stay there much more pleasant and comfortab
13、le. . 按要求完成任务1. 写出文章中表示body language的短语。wave ones hand; a smile and handshake; clap hands; nod the head; shake the head; kiss each other; touch each other; stand close; keep a distance away2. 你认为了解不同文化间的肢体语言、风俗习惯有什么意义? It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily understood. Follow
14、ing the customs will help you communicate with people and make your stay there much more pleasant and comfortable. . 重点词汇1. represent vt. 代表; 象征; 表现; 描写; 描绘 【教材原句】Yesterday, another student and I, representing our universitys student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet thi
15、s years international students. (P26)昨天, 我和另一个学生代表我们学校学生会, 去首都国际机场接今年的国际学生。【词块必记】(1)represent. . . as. . . 把描绘成represent to sb. sth. 向某人传达某事(2)representativen. 代表adj. 典型的; 有代表性的a representative of. . . 的代表【语境速测】 单句语法填空He is represented as a man of great honor. Paper-cutting represents (represent) th
16、e wisdom of Chinese people. It is not only beautiful but also very useful. 完成句子As we know, a language, oral or written, is the representative of(的代表) a nations fantastic and brilliant culture. 【写作金句】Representing the Students Union in our school, I sincerely invite you to be one of the honorable judg
17、es for this competition. 我代表我们学校学生会, 诚邀您担任本次比赛的荣誉裁判。2. curious adj. 好奇的【典型例句】Hes such a curious boy, always asking questions. 他是一个如此好奇的男孩, 经常问问题。【词块必记】(1) be curious about. . . 对感到好奇be curious to do sth. 很想做某事(2)out of curiosity出于好奇meet/satisfy ones curiosity 满足某人的好奇心with curiosity=curiously好奇地【语境速测
18、】 单句语法填空But curiously (curious) enough it was Katharine who refused this. Although curiosity (curious) is essential to humans success, its gradually neglected now. 完成句子Im more than delighted to know you are curious about the club activities (对俱乐部的活动很好奇) of our school and want to join one next term.
19、3. approach vt. &vi. 接近; 靠近; 走近 n. 接近; 方法; 途径; 小径; 道路 【典型例句】As Teachers Day was approaching, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day. 教师节日益临近, 我们班决定举行聚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。【词块必记】(1)be approaching快到了; 正在接近(2)an approach to. . . 接近; 的方法【误区释疑】 an approach to 中的to 为介词, 后面要跟名词或动名词作宾语。【语境速
20、测】 单句语法填空Im sorry to inform you that I fail to do so, for I am engaged in preparing myself for the approaching (approach) examination. The approach to the house was a narrow path. 句式升级As the Dragon Boat Festival is approaching, Im writing to introduce it to you. With the Dragon Boat Festival approac
21、hing, Im writing to introduce it to you. 4. likely adj. 可能的 【教材原句】However, people from places like Spain, Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them. (P26)然而, 来自西班牙, 意大利或是南美国家的人会站在离对方很近的地方, 而且可能会(用身体)去接触他们。【词块必记】(1)be likely/unlikely to do. . . 很可能/不可
22、能It is likely+that 从句有可能(2) unlikelyadj. 不大可能发生的(3)(近义词)possible, probable 【语境速测】 完成句子He is hardly likely to admit he was wrong. 他不大可能承认自己错了。There was a discussion about the fire and its likely cause. 对那场火灾及其可能的起因进行了一场讨论。If the Inughuit are forced to leave their ancient homeland, it is likely that t
23、he language of these Arctic hunters will disappear. 如果因纽特人被迫离开自己古老的家园, 那么, 很可能这些极地猎人的语言也将消失。. 核心短语5. lose face丢脸; 丢面子【典型例句】There was constant social pressure not to lose face. 保持不丢面子的社会压力无时不在, 无处不在。【词块必记】(1)save ones face挽回面子make a face做个鬼脸(2)be faced with 面对(3)face to face面对面in the face of面对(问题、困难、
24、危险等)【语境速测】 完成句子 She doesnt seem to like me, and she is causing me to lose face in front of all my peers. 她好像不大喜欢我, 让我在所有同事面前丢人。Faced with the problem of climate change, we should find an effective method of reducing greenhouse gases. 面对气候变化的问题, 我们应该寻找有效的措施来减少温室气体。6. at ease 舒适; 快活; 自由自在 【教材原句】The mo
25、st universal facial expression is, of course, the smileits function is to show happiness and put people at ease. (P30)微笑当然就是最普遍通用的面部表情, 它的作用是表示快乐和安人心境。【词块必记】(1)feel/look at ease感到/看上去心情放松put sb. at ease使某人放松take ones ease休息; 轻松一下(2)with ease轻易地; 毫不费力地(3)ease ones mind使某人安心【语境速测】 单句语法填空Although the t
26、raditional Chinese dress may look more beautiful and stylish, we still feel at ease in our school uniforms every day. We live in an age when more information is available with greater ease than ever before. 完成句子When you feel nervous, youd better listen to some light music to put yourself at ease(使自己
27、放松一下). . 经典句式7. The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain. 第一个到达的人是来自哥伦比亚的托尼加西亚, 紧随其后的是来自英国的朱莉娅史密斯。本句中序数词the first/second/last(+n. )+to do sth. 是一种常见结构, 表示“最早/第二/最后做某事的”, to arrive作定语, 修饰the first person。【句型公式】 用不定式作定语的几种情况: (1)用来修饰被序数词、最高
28、级或no, all, any等限定的中心词, 且与中心词为主动关系。(2)用来修饰的词是抽象名词, 常见的有: ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time等。【语境速测】 完成句子He was the first guest to arrive. 他是第一个到的客人。I always thought my sister would be the first to get married. 我以前总以为我姐姐会第一个结婚。The fi
29、rst man to walk on the moon was Neil Armstrong. 尼尔阿姆斯特朗是第一个登上月球的人。He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 他总是第一个来, 最后一个走。8. We can often be wrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we understand each other as well as we do. 我们经常错误理解对方, 所以我们能正确理解对方也是一件令人惊讶的事。【典型例句】It is be
30、lieved that the Maori people came from the Pacific islands of Polynesia. 人们认为, 毛利人来自波利尼西亚的太平洋岛屿。【句型公式】it作形式主语时, 将主语从句置于句末, 以保持句子平衡。【语境速测】 完成句子It is still unknown when the final decision will be made. 目前还不知道什么时候会作出最终决定。It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 事实是英语正在被
31、接受为一门国际语言。【备选要点】1. defend vt. 保护; 保卫; 辩护【典型例句】The law allows people to defend themselves against a charge. 法律允许人们在面对指控时为自己辩护。【词块必记】(1)defend. . . from/against保护以免受defend oneself为自己辩护; 自卫(2)defense防御; 保卫in defense of为了保卫【语境速测】 单句语法填空How to defend ourselves(us) from cyber bullying in the era of Intern
32、et has become a heated topic. It is the nature of a mother to defend her child from harm. 完成句子They are the ones willing to stand alone and even die in defense of their beliefs. 他们是那些想要保持独立甚至可以为了信仰而牺牲的人。2. rank n. 等级; 军衔; 地位 v. 把分等级; 属于某等级 【典型例句】He eventually rose to the rank of captain. 他最终升到了船长的职位。
33、【词块必记】(1)a painter of the first rank一流的画家a man of rank有地位的人hold the rank of. . . 拥有军衔/地位(2)rank. . . as. . . 把列为/评价为rank high名列前茅【语境速测】 单句语法填空They rank him as a first-class pianist. 完成句子How do you behave at school? Very well. I rank high in my class. 你在学校表现如何? 很好。我在班里名列前茅。【写作金句】He rose in the ranks
34、by being friendly. 他通过友好在成员中树立了威望。3. in general总的来说; 通常【教材原句】In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in todays world of cultural crossroads. (P26)不过, 总的来说, 在当今文化交融的世界, 学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难。【词块必记】as a general rule一般而言; 通常generally speaking总体而言; 一般而
35、言【语境速测】 完成句子In general, the changes they had made were to be welcomed. 总的来说, 他们所作的这些变动都被欣然接受。Generally speaking, there are several reasons accounting for this phenomenon. 通常来说, 导致这个现象的原因有几个。. 单句语法填空1. (2020浙江高考)I couldnt see Don, but as I approached (approach) the tractor he jumped out onto the road
36、, apparently unhurt, and dashed back to me. 2. (2020全国卷)Filled with curiosity (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 3. (2020天津高考)“Small does not mean weak, sir, ” she defended (defend) herself. 4. (2019江苏高考)Li Jiang and Su Hua dont agree on what to wear when greeting(greet) the British stu
37、dents. 5. (2018全国卷) Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding (misunderstand)of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. . 完成句子1. (2020全国卷)Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. 研究表明, 竞走同跑步一样
38、有很多健康上的好处, 而更有可能造成更少的伤害。2. (2020江苏高考)The phone boxes are becoming popular mainly because of their changed roles and functions. 电话亭正在越来越受到人们的欢迎, 主要是因为它们的角色和功能改变了。3. (2020全国卷)On certain major event days, i. e. Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operat
39、e. 在一些主要的日子里, 比方说澳大利亚日, 澳新兵团日这样的运动和文化节日中, 会举行特别增加的活动。4. Opportunity favors those with a curious mind. 机会更倾向于好奇之人。. 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Body language differs in different cultures. Some hug, some kiss cheeks, and others shake hands. Without a good command 1. of major body language, we are likely 2. to h
40、ave (have) misunderstanding when communicating. In general, body language is 3. more(much) important when we are not fluent in a foreign language. When we are abroad, we in fact represent the country we come from, so we must try not to lose face because of our 4. improper (proper) behavior. On the o
41、ther hand, in our own country, we should try to put foreigners at ease. However, some gestures are 5. universally (universal) accepted. Smile, for example, 6. means (mean) that you are friendly in almost every culture. So next time, whether you are in the dormitory 7. or in the canteen, you can gree
42、t everyone with a smile when 8. approaching(approach)them, so as not to take trouble to say hello to every acquaintance. With the advance of globalization, body language 9. as well as foreign languages is becoming more and more practical. If you are curious about it, the first thing to be 10. consid
43、ered (consider) is how to use it properly. 核心素养人们通过肢体语言传达信息, 与他人相处的方式高考链接2020全国卷阅读理解B; 2020浙江高考应用文写作; 2018全国卷阅读理解C; 2017全国卷完形填空. 话题与阅读理解(2020全国卷阅读理解B)Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills. P
44、sychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for dif
45、ferences in parents income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said. The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at
46、 54 months of age. “The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes, ” Levine said in a statement. The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of chi
47、ldren in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys p
48、rovided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls. The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science. 【文章大意】研究人员发现拼图游戏可以帮助培养孩子数学方面的技能, 如空间技能。1. In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play? A. Building confidence. B. Developing spa
49、tial skills. C. Learning self-control. D. Gaining high-tech knowledge. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的Psychologist Susan Levine. . . found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. 以及第三段的. . . found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age hav
50、e better spatial skills. . . 可知, 玩拼图可以培养孩子的空间技能。故选B。2. What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment? A. Parents age. B. Childrens imagination. C. Parents education. D. Child-parent relationship. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognit
51、ion after controlling for differences in parents income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said. 可知, Levine在设计她的实验时会考虑父母的收入、教育以及和父母谈话的量。故选C。3. How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play? A. They play with puzzles more often. B. They tend to talk less during the game. C. They prefer t
52、o use more spatial language. D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段的However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls可知, 男孩比女孩更倾向于玩较复杂的拼图。故选D。4. What is the text mainly about? A. A mathematical method. B. A scientific study. C. A woman psychologist. D. A
53、teaching program. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。研究人员发现拼图可以帮助培养孩子数学方面的技能, 如空间技能。另外, 根据文章中出现的researchers和findings可推断这篇文章讲的是一项科学研究。故选B。【难句剖析】The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have
54、 better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age. 分析: 第一个and连接并列谓语; who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age是关系代词who引导的定语从句, 修饰children。when assessed at 54 months of age是状语从句的省略。翻译: 研究人员分析了53对孩子和父母在家里的日常活动的录像, 发现年龄在26个月到46个月之间玩拼图的孩子在54个月大的时候被评价时有更好的空间技能。【微技能点拨】细节理解“寻读法”三步走1. 先读题
55、。2. 带着问题快速阅读短文, 找出与问题相关的词语或句子。3. 分析对比相关词语或句子, 获取准确信息, 找出正确答案。本文中第2题为细节理解题, 根据策略解题如下: Step 1确定题干关键词: designing her experimentStep 2回到原文准定位: Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition after controlling for differences in parents income, education and the amount of parent talk, Le
56、vine said. Step 3对比选项找最佳: 尝试解答: C。【语用提能】话题词汇puzzles; cognition短语perform better; interact with; complex puzzles; spatial skills【微语法填空】(2020全国卷阅读理解B改编)Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think 1. it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children 2. with math-related skil
57、ls. Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics 3. development (develop) in young children at the University of Chicago, found children 4. who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) afte
58、r 5. controlling (control) for differences in parents income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said. The researchers 6. analyzed (analyze) video recordings of 53 child-parent 7. pairs (pair) during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46
59、months of age have better spatial skills when 8. assessed (assess) at 54 months of age. “The children who played with puzzles performed 9. better (good) than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes, ” Levine said in a statement. The findings 10. were
60、 published (publish) in the journal Developmental Science. . 话题与写作(2020浙江高考)假定你是李华, 你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter因病回国休假。请给他写一封电子邮件, 内容包括: 1. 询问近况; 2. 分享班级最新消息; 3. 表达祝愿。注意: 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。_Step 1写作技巧(1)词汇提升(介词短语的地道表达)You returned to your country because you got sick. You returned to your country for
61、 a sick leave. When you were absent, our class participated in an English oral competition. During your absence, our class participated in an English oral competition. (2)句式多变 (用强调句型表达特定情感)We all think we should owe our success to you. We all think its you that we should owe our success to. (3)句式升级(
62、用定语从句连接两个句子)During your absence, our class participated in an English oral competition, and we won the first prize. During your absence, our class participated in an English oral competition, in which we came first. Step 2妙笔成篇【参考范文】Dear Peter, We have been concerned about you since you returned to y
63、our country for a sick leave. Are you getting much better now? There is no need for you to worry about us. What you have to do is have a good rest and follow the doctors advice. During your absence, our class participated in an English oral competition, in which we came first. We all think its you t
64、hat we should owe our success to. We hope you will recover soon. Best wishes for you! Yours, Li Hua阅读填句Last weekend I was lucky enough to attend one of Spains most famous carnivals in the city of Cdiz. You can only understand what it is like after seeing it for yourself. Everybody was fancily-dresse
65、d from top to toe. 1Almost instantly after stepping off the train, we were filled with joy. 2 Many people parading through the streets playing traditional music filled people with happiness. As we wandered around and took in the animate atmosphere, the creativity of some costumes was incredible! You
66、 could really tell that people put a lot of time and energy into making some amazing costumes. Then there were the groups dotted around the city. 3 This gave the carnival a pure essence of originality, as they were singing from their heart. Furthermore, the fact that I was not able to understand the
67、 inside jokes did not matter, as I was transfixed by the actions and expressions they provided. 4As the night progressed, the streets got more packed with people. When we passed a convenience store, we danced along to the music coming through the owners speakers. 5 It was a marquee(跑马灯) with a DJ se
68、t inside, literally like a mini festival. After this wacky weekend of festivity, it is true to say that the Spanish know how to party! A. Everyone was dancing. B. People got more and more excited. C. We saw everyone was in high spirits. D. It made me feel like I was in a fairy tale world. E. Afterwa
69、rds, we went to the main party at El Puerto. F. They were mostly old men singing some traditional songs. G. These mini street shows were a true taster of Spanish culture. 【文章大意】本文介绍了作者在西班牙参加狂欢节的经历。1. 【解析】选D。根据上文提到的“每个人从头到脚都穿着奇特的服装。”可知, D项“这使我感觉到好像进入了童话世界。”可承接上文。2. 【解析】选C。根据上文的“after stepping off the
70、 train. . . ”可知, 所填的应该是作者下火车后看到的情景。C项“我们看到每个人都兴高采烈的。”符合语境。3. 【解析】选F。根据上文提到的“. . . the groups dotted around the city. ”, F项“他们主要是演唱传统歌曲的老年人。”可承接上文。4. 【解析】选G。所填的句子是本段的总结句。G项“这些迷你的街头表演真正展现了西班牙文化。”可作为总结句。5. 【解析】选E。根据上文的“When we passed a convenience store. . . ”可知, E项中的“Afterwards, we went to. . . ”可承接上文。关闭Word文档返回原板块- 26 - 版权所有高考资源网
