1、Unit 4Public transportWord power&Grammar and usage 要点精研探究学习1.put through 给某人接通(电话);使经历;完成*A moment please,I will put you through to the architect.稍等,我这就给你接通建筑师电话。*He put through an important business deal yesterday.昨天他做成了一笔大生意。*I have put some money away in the bank.我已在银行里存了点钱。*Unable to put up with
2、 my toothache,I went to consult a dentist.我再也忍受不住牙痛，就去请牙科医生诊治了。【词块积累】put away 放好,储存备用put forward 提出(意见、建议);推荐;把时针向前拨put on 穿上;上演put up 举起,抬起;张贴,挂起;留宿put up with容忍,忍受put off推迟,拖延put down 放下;镇压;记下put out 扑灭【即学活用】用适当的介、副词填空。(1)We will put _ the picnic in the park until next week,when the weather may be
3、 better.(2)How much have you put _ for your holiday?(3)Shops are being forced to put their prices _ in order to attract customers.(4)He put his coat _ hurriedly and ran out of the house.(5)We shall be happy to put you _ when you come to town next month.offawaydownonup2.decide on/upon决定,选定*Finally sh
4、e decided on the yellow dress instead of the green one.最后她决定穿黄色裙子而不穿那件绿色的。*To learn more about Chinese culture,Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.为了更多地了解中国文化,Jack已经决定把中国民间音乐作为选修课。*The Prime Minister made decisions to deal with the problem of metropolitantraffic jams.总理
5、决定解决大城市的交通堵塞问题。【词块积累】(1)decide on/upon(doing)sth.决定(做)某事decide to do sth.下决心做某事(2)decision n.决定;决议make a decision做出决定【知识延伸】表示“下决心做某事”的结构还有:make a decision to do sth.determine to do sth.be determined to do sth.make up ones mind to do sth.【即学活用】(1)语法填空。Have you decided _ a date for the wedding?When th
6、e time came to make the final _(decide)for a course,I decided _(apply)for the one that reflected my interest.(2)一句多译。本公司决定与你们公司联合。Our company _your company.Our company _your company.ondecisionto applydecided to link up withmade a decision to link up with3.turn up出现,到来;调高(音量等);朝上翻;卷起*He said he would
7、 come,but hasnt turned up yet.他说他会来的,但是还没有到。*(2017全国卷)She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.为了集中精力学习,她拒绝了多次在演出中主演的邀请。*It turned out that the old man forgot to turn off the gas stove after he turned it on.结果,那位老人打开煤气炉之后忘记关了。*Since the original
8、 owner was now too old to hold on to his business,he turnedit over to his son.原来的主人因年迈而不能继续从业,就转交给他儿子了。【词块积累】turn down拒绝;调低(音量等)turn off关掉,关闭turn on打开,接通turn out 生产;结果是turn over 移交给;把翻过来;反复考虑turn.into把变成turn to求助于【链高考明考向】*(2018全国卷)He turned up at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey
9、 and her baby boy.他出现在医院,拿着为新妈妈林德赛和她的男婴准备的礼物。【即学活用】用适当的介词或副词填空。(1)When he is in trouble,he will turn _ me for help.(2)I am afraid your request for a pay rise was turned _ again.(3)Please turn the radio _;Id like to listen to the news.(4)The car turned _ three times after the crash.(5)Some countries
10、turned _ China for help when COVID-19 broke out.todownupoverto4.Hmm,well,we do welcome students to visit this centre,but you will have to fill in a form and then we will decide on the best way to organize the visit.嗯,哦,我们的确欢迎学生们参观这个中心,但是你们要填一个表格,然后我们会决定组织这次参观的最佳方式。【句式解构】(1)这是一个并列句。句中but连接两个分句。but后面的
11、分句是一个and连接的并列句。(2)句中do welcome是do强调谓语动词welcome。用助动词do对句子的谓语进行强调是英语中强调句型的一种,do意为“的确,确实;一定,务必”。在这种句子中,助动词do体现整个句子的时态。*(2017天津高考)We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting.我们的确花费了大量的时间等待。*Jack said he would come and he did come.Jack说他会来,他果真来了。*The old man does work hard every day but earns l
12、ittle.那位老人确实每天都很努力工作,但是挣的钱却很少。【名师点津】强调主语、宾语、状语用强调句型,即it+is/was+被强调部分+that+其他。如:It was he that helped Li Ming yesterday.It was Li Ming that he helped yesterday.It was yesterday that he helped Li Ming.【即学活用】(1)She _but I forgot all about it.她确实告诉我她的地址了,但我忘了。(2)People think the earth doesnt move at all
13、,_.人们认为地球根本不运动,但它的确是在运动。(3)When you _,youll be ahead of the trend,not following it.当你真正开始赚钱的时候,你就会引领潮流,而不是跟随潮流了。did tell me about her addressbut it does movedo start making money【要点拾遗】1.make out辨别出;填写;写出;理解;声称*In the darkness,I could hardly make out the number of the house.黑暗中我几乎辨认不出房屋的号码。*I heard t
14、he voices,but couldnt make out what they were saying.我听到声音,却听不清他们在说什么。*Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence.勤奋工作往往可以弥补智力的不足。*Johns score on the test will make a difference between his passing or failing the course.约翰这次考试的得分关系着他这门功课能否通过。【词块积累】make up组成,编造,化妆make up for弥补be made up o
15、f由组成make fun of 取笑make ones way前进;行进make it 准时到达;获得成功;做到make a difference有影响,有关系make progress取得进步make sense讲得通,有意义make sense of理解,明白make use of利用make the best of充分利用【即学活用】用make的短语填空。(1)I decided to go to the next village and _a story about the steamboat.(2)The students present at the meeting could n
16、ot _what he was talking about.(3)Caroline doesnt have a gift for music,but she _it with hard work.(4)Shall we go for a drink at one oclock this afternoon?Sorry,I cant _.Will two oclock be OK?make upmake outmakes up formake it2.split vi.&vt.分割,(使)分开;撕开,割破*I think the article would be easier to read i
17、f you split it up into sections.我认为你如果把这篇文章分成若干段落,就比较容易读了。*Shes split up with her boyfriend.她和男朋友分手了。*She split the class into groups of four.她按四人一组把全班分成若干小组。【词块积累】split up分组,分解,分离split up with与某人断交split.into把分成【即学活用】(1)Her company has to _and work from two locations.她的公司不得不被拆开,分在两处办公。(2)I decided t
18、o _him,because of his dishonesty.由于他不诚实,我决定和他分手。(3)The students in this course _two groups(A and B).本课程修课学生被分为A、B两组。split upsplit up withare split into3.fill in 填写(表格);消磨(时间);填满*We do welcome students to visit this centre,but you will have to fill in a form and then we will decide on the best way to
19、 organize the visit.我们的确欢迎学生们参观这个中心,但是你们要填一个表格,然后我们将决定组织这次参观的最佳方式。*How am I going to fill in this afternoon now that hes not coming?既然他不来,今天下午我该怎么度过呢?*Upon her returning home,Alice was filled with joy at the news.爱丽丝一回到家就对这个消息兴奋不已。【词块积累】fill up with sth.用某物装满fill.with.用填满be filled with(be full of)充满
20、的fill in/out填写表格【即学活用】语法填空。(1)Life is a journey filled _ hardships,joys and special moments.(2)If you want to apply for the job,please fill _ the form.(3)Shall I fill the car _ with petrol?within/outup课时检测素养达标 1.语段填词1.I made _(询问)about whether she fell and _(划破)her lip.However,she refused to tell me
21、 any _(细节).2.She is a _(接待员)in a doctors office.She is not busy because only a _(少量)of patients come to see the doctor.3.At the _(年度的)meeting,the committee decided to _(扩大)the investment of the citys _(地铁).enquiriessplitdetailsreceptionisthandfulannualenlargesubway4.I am skeptical about his ability
22、to _(承担)the task.Since the _(当权者)has approved it,I have nothing to say.5.Computer programs have become more _(方便用户的),which causes the _(增长)of the number of netizens._(不幸地),some people are addicted to computer games.undertakeauthorityuser-friendlygrowthUnfortunately.用所给短语的适当形式填空make out,link up,put o
23、ff,fill in,split up,turn up,a handful of,put through1.There was too much noise,so I couldnt _what they were saying.2.Only _countries have carried out the regulations.3.Nothing can _ us _,because we are a family.4.The question is whether that man will _on time.5.All the flights have been _due to the
24、bad weather.6.Are you ready to _your life with mine forever and ever?make outa handful ofsplitupturn upput offlink up7.All you need is to _a form and remember the users name and the password.8.Paul expects to _the project at the first attempt.fill input through.完成句子1.You _nice today.你今天看起来的确很漂亮。2._d
25、oes harm to our eyes.看太多电视对我们的眼睛有害。3.If I were you,I _.如果我是你,我才不听他的建议。4._,I went there alone.因为她身体不好,所以我独自到那里去了。do lookWatching too much TVwould not follow his adviceAs she was not well5._ to make a wrong decision.你有可能做出一个错误的决定。Its possible for you语法精讲深化学习动词短语【情境探究】根据汉语提示用适当的动词短语填空。1.London Transpor
26、t hopes to _(测试)the system in September.2.The fire _(爆发)at midnight.3.Sixteen years later,in 1884,the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolitan District Railway _(联合).4.The Victoria Line _(与连接)other lines at almost every station.try outbroke outlinked upwas linked with5.Because of the smoke
27、from the steam engines,early underground lines needed large holes _(通向)the surface at regular intervals.leading to【要义详析】一、“动词+副词”构成的动词短语1.动词(vt.)+副词。此类短语可以带宾语,宾语若是名词,放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词,只能放在副词的前面。例如:throw away 扔掉;wash away冲走;take away拿走;turn away把拒之门外;keep back隐瞒,忍住;hold back控制住;take back拿回,收回;put up
28、搭起,架起,安装,住宿,张贴,盖起;give up放弃,献出;set up架起,建立;take up开始学,从事,占据;make up构成,组成;put on 穿上;write down记下等。2.动词(vi.)+副词。此类短语属于不及物动词,不可以带宾语。例如:come on赶快;get up起床;sit down坐下;stand up起立;die away逐渐消失;die out灭绝;pass away 去世;look back回顾;grow up 成长,长大;stay up挺住,熬夜;sit up熬夜;speed up加快速度;hurry up赶快;go up增长,上涨;come up上
29、来,长出,出现等。*Heavy floods swept away houses,roads,and took away the lives of many people.猛烈的洪水冲走了房屋,道路,并带走了许多人的生命。*Im sorry to have taken up so much of your valuable time.占用了你那么多宝贵的时间,真抱歉。*The fire in the forest is dying down,and will soon die away.森林的火势在逐渐减弱,不久会消失的。*I used to stay up late with my mom
30、and watch movies.我过去常和妈妈熬夜看电影。【即学活用】选词填空(away,on,out,back,down,up,off,for)。(1)His father passed _ last week.At the thought of that,he couldnt hold _ his tears.(2)The naughty boy made _ an excuse that he had made up _ his missed lessons.(3)He turned _ the television,put _ his coat and walked _.(4)Whe
31、n the fire broke _,he only took _ his ID card.(5)Children write _ the word,cover it _ and then try to spell it from memory.awaybackupforoffonoutoutawaydownup二、“动词+介词”和“动词+副词+介词”动词短语这类动词短语用作及物动词。常见的这类动词短语有:depend on(upon)依靠;wait on 服侍;wait for等候;look for 寻找;stand for代表;deal with对待,处理;look after照料;bre
32、ak into破门而入;burst into突然起来;send for派人去请;look down upon看不起;put up with忍受;look forward to盼望;get down to开始做;break away from摆脱;do away with废除;look up to仰望,尊敬;catch up with 赶上;run out of用完;go on with继续;add up to总计;keep away from 避开,别靠近等。*The length of time spent exercising depends on the sport you are tr
33、aining for.锻炼的时间长短取决于你所训练的运动项目。*The letters“U.S.A.”stand for“United States of America”.字母U.S.A.表示美利坚合众国。*The policeman found that the house had been broken into and a quantity of jewellery stolen.警察发现有人闯入室内,盗走一些珠宝。*The car ran out of petrol after ten miles.这辆小汽车跑了10英里就没油了。*Its really serious.We all
34、need to be careful and keep away from the crowded places.这个真的很严重,我们都必须小心点,要远离那些拥挤的地方。【名师点津】(1)“动词+介词”和“动词+副词+介词”短语,动词后面接动词的-ing形式,特别注意介词是to的一些短语。例如:look forward to,get down to,lead to,object to等。(2)当“动词+介词”和“动词+副词+介词”短语中的动词用于被动语态时,不能去掉其中的介词。【即学活用】用所给提示词的相关短语完成句子。(1)The sad story made the girl _.悲惨的故
35、事使那女孩突然哭起来。(burst)(2)Its time you _or the other students will leave you behind.现在你该开始学习了,否则其他同学就要把你甩到后面去了。(get down to)(3)The teachers want to _in the school.老师们想在学校里消灭作弊现象。(do away with)burst into tearsgot down to some readingdo away with cheating(4)Many people _,and a lot of people are inspired by
36、 his character strengths.许多人敬仰钟南山,还有许多人被他的人格魅力所鼓舞。(look up to)look up to Zhong Nanshan三、高考高频动词短语1.以break为中心的短语。break away from脱离,逃离,甩掉break down 破坏,粉碎,瓦解;出故障,抛锚break into闯入;强行进入break out爆发,发生break through 突破break up 解散;结束2.以 bring为中心的短语。bring about导致,引起,促使bring back 带回;使回忆;恢复bring down 使下降;打垮bring i
37、n引进;带进来;赚(钱)bring out 使显出;使显现;出版;生产bring up抚养;呕吐;提出3.以call为中心的短语。call for 需要;要求call in 召集call on拜访(某人)call up 打电话给;使想起call off 取消,下令停止4.以come为中心的短语。come about发生come across偶然发现,遇到come down倒下;降落;跌落come out出来;出版,发行come on来吧,快点come to苏醒;复原;共计;达到come up走近;发芽;(问题)被提出come up with提出;想出5.以get为中心的短语。get acros
38、s使被理解get along with与相处get around 各处走动;传播get down写下;下来get down to认真对待;开始做某事get off下车;动身get over恢复,痊愈;克服;完成get through拨通;到达;完成;通过6.以give为中心的短语。give away赠送;泄露;颁发;失去give back归还;使恢复give in屈服,让步;投降give off发出(热、光、气味等)give out 分发;公布;发出;用完give up放弃;停止7.以go为中心的短语。go against 反对;不利于go ahead 前进;进展;继续go by 经过;过去g
39、o down 下降,沉没;倒塌go in for 喜欢;赞成;从事go on(doing)继续(做)go on to do sth.接着做另外的事go out 出去;熄灭;过时go over 温习;检查go through 审查;履行;通过;经历go up 上升,上涨8.以keep为中心的短语。keep away(from)不接近,避开,远离keep back 阻止;扣留;隐瞒keep off 不接近,远离keep on doing sth.继续或反复做某事keep out 使不入内keep up 继续;坚持,保持,维持keep up with.赶上,跟上,与并肩前进9.以look为中心的短语
40、。look after照顾,看管look around环顾look forward to 盼望,期待look into窥视;调查;浏览look on/upon旁观look out向外看;注意;当心,提防look over从上面看过去;检查,忽略look through透过看去;看穿;浏览look up 查阅,仰视,好转look up to仰慕,尊敬10.以set为中心的短语。set about(doing)着手,开始set aside 留出,放在一边;暂时不考虑set down 放下,卸下;登记,记载set off 出发;使爆炸set out 出发;开始;着手(to do);布置set up
41、建立,设立,开办;引起11.以take为中心的短语。take away拿走;减去;夺去take back收回take charge of负责,主管take down 取下,记下;拆卸take in 包括;吸收;接纳;欺骗;领会take it easy别担心take off 脱去;除去;起飞;成功,成名take on 呈现;雇用;承担,担任take over 接管,接任,接收take up占用(时间;空间)12.以put为中心的短语。put away放好,收好put aside储存,保留put down放下;写下put forward提出put on上演;穿上put out熄灭,公布put th
42、rough接通电话put up举起;张贴put up with容忍【名师点津】(1)动词短语虽然多,首先记住动词的本意,然后记住后面的副词或介词的本意。多数情况下,动词短语的意思没有脱离本意。如:look up,look的本意是“看”,up的本意是“向上”,所以这一动词短语的本意是“抬起头,向上看”。(2)着重记引申义。look up的引申意思是“查阅”。【即学活用】选用恰当的短语填空。put up with,count on,bring up,break down,set aside,turn down,call for,give up,get through(1)Talks with bu
43、siness leaders _last week.(2)He was _by his grandparents,so his parents seemed to be strangers to him.(3)There is no reason to _their requests.(4)He may find the line cut on the telephone so that he cant _.broke downbrought upturn downget through(5)Never _in face of any difficulty.That is my philoso
44、phy.(6)Success _hard work and opportunities.(7)You can _Jane.She is a trust-worthy girl.(8)The couple had to _the strange behaviour of their son.(9)Lets _an hour a day for review.give upcalls forcount onput up withset aside.选择适当的短语填空1.Who will help to _the price?(go down,bring down)2.The proposal wi
45、ll _at the coming conference.(come up,come up with)3.They have decided to _to construct the railway.(set about,set out)4.We should hurry up before our time _.(runs out,uses up)5.I found my room _when I got home.(broken in,broken into)6.To steal money,he _a house.(broke in,broke into)课时检测素养达标 2bring
46、downcome upset outruns outbroken intobroke into7.How can you _his bad temper?(put up,put up with)8.I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldnt _to you.(get through,go through)9.Recently a number of high-rise buildings have been _in this district.(put through,put up)10.He was punished b
47、ecause he _his notes when taking the exam.(looked up,referred to)put up withget throughput upreferred to.用适当的介词或副词填空1.Make sure how many people are going to bring _ the wheat tomorrow.2.She was too fat to get _ the door.3.The old lady gave _ most of her savings to help those poor children who couldn
48、t go to school.4.Itd be much better to put _ the meeting till next week.5.The government calls _ everyone to protect our environment.6.Though brought _ in the countryside,he adapted to the city life quickly.7.We have decided _ the date and the place for travelling.inthroughawayoffonupon8.Kids are us
49、ually easily taken _,so we should take good care of them.9.Go _ your lessons again before the exam.10.A good speaker is supposed to manage to get across _ the listeners what he means.inoverto【语法主题应用】用本单元所学知识翻译下面语段。汤姆的叔叔去年出国了，因此汤姆开始接管叔叔的公司。由于汤姆缺乏管理知识，他不得不补上相关课程。在他努力工作的同时，他也与所有的员工相处得很好。在这期间，他遇到了一系列的困难
50、，甚至想放弃，但依靠坚强的意志，他的公司逐渐好转了。_Toms uncle went abroad last year,so Tom began to take over unclescompany.Since Tom is short of management knowledge,he had to make upfor related courses.As he worked hard,he also got along well with all theemployees.During this period,he met with/came across a series of difficulties,even he felt like giving up,but depending on strong wills his companygradually picked up.
