1、英语巧学妙记宾语从句巧学妙记1.I know him.主语谓语宾语（简单句）主语谓语宾 语 从 句连词 从句主语 从句谓语主句（复合句）2.I know who he is.什么是宾语？I know him.Do you have the time?I think(that)she is beautiful.Why dont you pay attention to me?宾语,位于谓语动词或者介词后。一、宾语从句的概念从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。eg.We know Mr Green teaches English.She asked if
2、these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）语序时态由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句（一）引导词123e.g.1.I hear(that)_.2.He said(that)_.3.The teacher told us(that)_ _.he will be back in an hourhe missed us very muchthe earth moves1.由从属连词 t
3、hat 引导的宾语从句注：that 引导的从句，表示陈述一件事实，主句谓语动词表示确定，不疑问；that在句中无任何意义，不充当句子成分，常省略。around the sun2.由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句I want to know _ _.2.Ask him _.3.I wonder _.4.Could you tell me_?if(whether)he will go to the park with us whether(if)he can comewhether it is going to rain or notif/whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不
4、明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)you tell me 表示疑问不确定意义的词之后；从句句意完整，不缺成分。whether(if)Mr Li lives here1.在引导主语从句、表语从句时如：Whether it is true remains a question.The question is whether it is true.2.用在动词不定式之前时用whether不用if。I dont know whether to go there at once.3.当与or not连用，或 or 提出两种选择时:I dont know whether hes
5、 free or not.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room.注意：只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况 1注意：只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况 24.在介词或dicuss后面：Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.We discussed whether we should close the shop.5.与动词不定式连用(whether to
6、do sth.)：They asked me whether to go skating.6.为了强调宾语部分，也可把从句提在主句前。Whether he will come I am not sure.注意：只能用if 不能用 whether的情况1.引导条件状语从句If he runs fast,hell get there on time.Ill go to see you if I have time.2.引导否定的宾语从句Tell me if it is not going to rain,please.时态条件状语从句：主将从现宾语从句：根据需要用相应时态if whether用法巧
7、记两个“是否”并不难，一般情况可代换。下列情况用whether,主表不定式or(not)。作为讨论介词宾，此时 if 不可跟。还有一点也得编，whether从句可提前。引导条件表“如果”，再也不可用whether。宾语从句若否定，whether一词不可用。Practice time选择 if/whether。1.I asked her _ she had a bike.2.Were worried about _ he is safe.3.I wonder _ he is well.4.I dont know _ or not he is well.5.I dont know _ to go.
8、if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether1.He asked _.2.Do you know_?3.He asked_.who could answer the questionwhom they are waiting for whose bike was the best in the class由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 引导的宾语从句主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问代词引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句1.Do
9、 you know _?2.Please tell me _.3.Can you tell me _?4.Could you tell me _?主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late二、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 1.When will he go to the library?His brother asks when
10、he will go to the library.2.What did he want to buy?I dont know what he wanted to buy.主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）即：助动词不能放在主语前面。Whats wrong?Whats the matter?Whats happening?Who is over there？注：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：eg:I dont know whats the matter.Can you tell me who is over there?Can you tell me who
11、 he is?做主语做宾语注意：否定前移若主句谓语动词为think,guess，imagine，suppose,believe等其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式；其反意疑问句，疑问从句。否定前移及反意疑问句形式巧记法I dont think this dress fits you well,does it?我认为这件衣服不适合你穿,是吗？I dont think you are right，are you?我认为你是错的,是吗？I dont believe you will finish the work today，will you?我认为你今天
12、无法完成工作,是吗？我认为猜想有假不可信，提问宾从构反问。从句若表否定意，否定词语要前移。vI know he lives here .vI know he lived here ten years ago.vI have heard that he will come tomorrow.三、时态1.主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）vI knew who lived there.vI saw she was talking wi
13、th her mother.vHe asked whether his father would come back vthe next day.vHe said that he had seen the movie.3.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.He told the boy that three and three is six.He told me the earth moves around the sun.Mr.Li told me the sun ris
14、es in the east.1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.I hear they _ (return)it already.4.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)5.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)will begoeshave returnedhad beenrisesPractice
15、time宾语从句巧记法宾语从句要注意，时态引导词和语序。时态问题看主句，现在时态可随意。过去时态用过去，客观情况要注意，主过从现要切记。时态1.时态问题2.引导词问题引导词,并不难，主句含义最关键。主表肯定意完整，that常用也可省。主表疑问不确定，另类词,要使用。从句句意若完整，if/wether不可省。从句若是缺成分，特殊疑问词来过问。引导词thatif/whether特殊疑问词3.语序问题还有一项是语序，陈述语序要切记。如何对它来判断，助动莫放主语前语序()1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter.A.if B.that C.weather
16、 D.whether()2.We dont know _ they did it.A.how B.who C.what D.which()3.The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time tomorrow.A.that B.if C.when D.what time()4.Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not.A.if B.where C.whether D.thatDABC Practice()5.Could you show me _?A.
17、how can I get to the station B.where is the station C.how I could get to the stationD.how I can reach the station()6.Please tell me _.A.what does he like B.what he does like C.what he likes D.what he like()7.My sister told him _.A.what day was it B.when the train arrived C.who she was waiting D.wher
18、e did you liveCBD()8.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is()9.Could you tell me how long _?A.you have bought the watch B.you have kept this science book C.have you been away from China D.have you been a member of Greener China()10.He says that i
19、f it _ tomorrow,he _ fishing.A.will rain,wont go B.rained,wasnt go C.rains,wont go D.rain,will go BCD将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to go skiing?He asked.4.He is doing his homework.He said.5.He will come back.T
20、om said.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?He asked if they liked to go skiing.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.6.Is she doing her homework?Jim asked.7.When will he come back?Tom asked.8.How can I get to the station?Could you tell me?9.Why is the train late?Would you tell me?10.Where is Tom?They asked.Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was.Jim asked if she was doing her homework.
