1、Section Using language主谓一致（2）情境创设语法精讲教材链接1. （教材P41）.50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.2. （教材P41）Every recommendation she gives me is great.3. （教材P41）. almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years.4. （教材P41）.none of us is prepared for the c
2、hallenges of AI.5. （教材P41） A large number of clients have been attracted.6. （教材P41） A recent example cited on the website is that one of the testing companies compares the talents of twins Bobby and Benny.观察上面句子, 并分别分析主语与谓语动词的单复数形式：1. 与分数、百分数连用的时候, 谓语动词的单复数由后面修饰的名词决定。分数后面是不可数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。2. 主语是
3、“each/every+单数名词+and（each/every）+单数名词”时, 谓语动词用单数形式。3. 分数后面是可数名词复数作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。4. none of结构后的谓语动词用单复数形式皆可, 但如果后面的名词是不可数名词, 谓语动词要用单数形式。5. “a number of+复数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词为复数形式。 6. “one of+名词复数或代词宾格（复数）”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 要点精析主谓一致（2）主谓一致三原则, 即语法一致、意义一致（语言内容上一致）、就近一致。主谓一致常考点1. 单数名词（代词）、不可数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式
4、; 复数名词（代词）作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式。The desk is Toms. 这张桌子是汤姆的。Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。The students are playing football in the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。2.“many a+单数名词”作主语, 意义虽为“许多”, 但谓语动词要用单数形式。Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。3.“more than one+单数名词”作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式。More than one studen
5、t has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。4. 表示时间、价格、重量、数目、长度、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时, 这些通常作一个整体概念, 谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。Twenty pounds isnt so heavy. 20磅并不太重。Ten miles isnt a long distance. 10英里并不是一段很长的距离。Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。5. 主语是“each/every+单数名词+and （each/every）+单数名
6、词”时, 谓语动词用单数形式。Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。6.“one and a half+复数名词”作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式。One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。7. 动词不定式、动名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。To see is to believe. 眼见为实。Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼保健操
7、对你的眼睛十分有益。8.“a/an+单数名词+or two”作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式。A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。9. 当主语部分（主语是单数时）含有with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, except, but, like等介词或介词短语时, 谓语动词用单数形式; 但“名词+as well as+名词”时, 谓语动词的数的形式一般应与第一个名词一致。Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英
8、格兰。Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football. 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting. 学生及老师出席了会议。10. 当and连接的两个单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词一般用复数形式, 但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人、事物或概念时, 谓语动词用单数形式。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词, 指的是同一个人或事物; a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词, 指两个人或事物。The wri
9、ter and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。（作家和教师指同一个人）The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。（作家和老师是两个人）A knife and fork is on the table. 一副刀叉在桌子上。11. 不定代词somebody, someone, everyone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式。Is everyone
10、here today？ 今天大家到齐了吗？Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。Nobody was in. 没有人在家。12. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语, 谓语动词用单数。Each of them has an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典。Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不正确。13. 以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义, 谓语动词通常用单数形式, 如news, maths, physics等。No news is good
11、news. 没有消息就是好消息。Maths is very popular in our class. 在我们班数学很受欢迎。14. 由bothand连接两个单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数形式; 由or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut, 连接两个名词或代词作主语时, 根据就近原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式。Either my wife or I am going. 不是我的妻子就是我要去。Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer. 你、我和任何人都不知道答案。N
12、ot only you but also he is ready to leave. 不仅你而且他也准备离开。实战演练. 单句语法填空1.I, who am （be）your close friend, will try my best to help you out of trouble.2.Few of his family are （be）in support of him, which makes him very sad.3.Listening to music makes （make）me relaxed after a busy day.4.The number of stude
13、nts in that school has （have）greatly increased in recent years.5.It is said that everybody is （be）going to take part in the game this afternoon.6.The rich are （be）not always happier than the poor.7.The factory used 65 per cent of the raw materials, the rest of which were （be）saved for other purposes
14、.8.Fifty dollars is （be）too expensive for the pen and you should think about it carefully.9.Five minutes is （be）not enough to finish this work.10.Most of the workers are （be）against the plan.11.About 70 per cent of the earths surface is covered （cover）with water.12.The rest of the girls are （be）fond
15、 of music.13.Each of the books is （be）worth reading.14.Both of the sisters are （be） interested in medicine.15.All are （be） present at the meeting today.16.All of the information is （be）very important.17.None of them is/are （be） aware of the danger.18.To read English aloud every morning is （be）of gre
16、at benefit to your English study.19.What he said has （have）been recorded.20.The injured of this accident are （be） being taken good care of in hospital now. 语法填空（2020广东深圳市高级中学高二期中）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The family who eats togetherWhats the price of a family meal? For many families in the w
17、orlds wealthiest countries, the answer seems to be, “too much”. For instance, in the United States, 1. is often a trendsetter in such things, the majority of families report eating a single meal together fewer than five days a week. In fact, the frequency of shared meals 2. （decrease） in American fa
18、milies by 33 per cent over the last twenty years. The meals 3. （they） have shortened too: from an average of 90 minutes to just 12 minutes.So perhaps were better off asking ourselves 4. the cost of not eating together is. Once again, we could turn to the figures. The Organization for Economic Cooper
19、ation and Development has found that 15-year-olds who reported not regularly 5. （share） family meals were twice as likely to be absent from school. In Europe, research has suggested that children who dont eat dinner with their parents at least twice a week face a 40 per cent higher risk of fatness.
20、Another study, 6. （conduct） by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse （滥用） at Columbia University, found that kids who eat dinner with their parents five or more times a week are 7. （likely） to have problems with drugs and alcohol.But those numbers, impressive 8. they seem, may be besi
21、de the point. After all, having a meal together is more than just a preventive measure 9. future misfortune. The primary cost of the family meal is also the very thing that makes it important: time.The time spent together over food leads to all the positive outcomes that are measured in the studies.
22、 That time spent together has less noticeable-but no less real-effects too. So often, 10. is at the family meal that the family as such-the family as an organic unit with shared memories and feelings and ambitions-is made.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案：1.which解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近些年来, 在很多家庭中,
23、 聚餐的次数下降, 但家庭聚餐有利于青少年的心理健康发展。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 设空处引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词是the United States, 关系代词在从句中作主语, 故填which。答案：2.has decreased解析：2.考查时态与主谓一致。根据时间状语“over the last twenty years”可知, 该句的时态应该用现在完成时, 主语frequency是单数, 谓语动词应用单数形式。故填has decreased。答案：3.themselves解析：3.考查反身代词。分析语境可知, 此处指用餐“本身”的时间缩短了, 应用反身代词themselv
24、es指代meals。故填themselves。答案：4.what解析：4.考查宾语从句。句意：因此, 也许我们最好问问我们自己, 不在一起吃饭的代价是什么。分析句子结构可知, 该空引导宾语从句, 从句中缺少表语, 再根据句意, 该空意为“什么”, 应用what引导该宾语从句。故填what。答案：5.sharing解析：5.考查非谓语动词。report doing sth. 反映做某事。故填sharing。答案：6.conducted解析：6.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 该句谓语动词是found, conduct与逻辑主语Another study之间是被动关系, 应用过去分词形式作定语
25、修饰Another study。故填conducted。答案：7.less likely解析：7.考查形容词比较级。分析语境可知, 该空意为“更不可能（可能性更小）”, 形容词likely意为“可能的”, less likely意为“可能性更小”。故填less likely。答案：8.as/though解析：8.考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知, 该空所在从句是一个让步状语从句, impressive置于从句前, 作系动词seem的表语, 连词as/though都可引导让步状语从句。故填as/though。答案：9.against解析：9.考查介词。结合上文以及该空后的“future misfo
26、rtune（未来不幸）”可知, 该空意为“反对”, 介词against意为“反对”, 与名词短语future misfortune构成介宾结构。故填against。答案：10.it解析：10.考查强调句。分析句子结构可知, 这是一个强调句, 被强调的部分是“at the family meal”, 强调句结构“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分”。故填it。新知清障素养构建核心词汇1. assess v. 评价, 评定Bobby was assessed and his talents were revealed to be mostly scientific. （
27、教材P41）博比接受了评定, 他的才能大部分都被证明是科学的典例翻译The hurricane swept across the south-eastern coast of the country last week and damage was assessed at ten million dollars. 上周, 飓风横扫这个国家东南海岸, 造成的损失估计为1,000万美元。 They assessed the value of the house at 60,000 pounds. 他们估计这所房子值六万英镑。 Continuous assessment is made of all
28、 students work. 对全体学生的功课作出连贯性的评定。 Only such a small event cannot test the assessment of his ability. 只有这样一件小事不能评估他的能力。 归纳拓展（1）估计价值为 assessat 估价 assess the value 不公正地评价 unjustly assess估算有误 wrongly assess（2）assessment n. 评价; 评估; 评定对某人能力的评估 the assessment of ones ability 学以致用（1）单句填空Her financial needs
29、were assessed （assess）at $ 1,800 a week.They have assessed （assess）the amount of compensation to be paid.Damage to the building was assessed at 40,000.（2）单句写作Ellen试图猜测她是怎么想的。 Ellen tried to assess how she thought. 2. reckon v. 认为, 以为I reckon that nanorobots that can eliminate cancerous cells are jus
30、t around the corner. （教材P43）我认为, 能够消灭癌细胞的纳米机器人即将问世。典例翻译Im proud to reckon you among my friends. 我自豪地把你看作我的朋友。 You can always reckon on Jim; hell never fail you. 你总是可以相信吉姆, 他绝不会辜负你。 He was reckoned to have the greatest talent of this generation. 他在这一代人中被公认为最具天赋的人。 I reckon on my parents assistance. 我
31、依赖我父母的协助。 We reckon to finish by ten. 我们预计十点以前结束。 归纳拓展认为属于之列 reckonamong 被普遍认为是, 被看作 be reckoned to do 预计做 reckon to do 指望/信赖/依靠 reckon on/upon 学以致用（1）单句填空Children are reckoned （reckon） to be more sophisticated nowadays.We reckon to arrive （arrive）in Hong Kong at night.（2）单句写作我认为他很快就会来。 I reckon tha
32、t he will come soon. 3. bank on依靠, 指望Although I wouldnt bank on patients feeling confident about seeing a robot doctor any time soon, Im sure that AI doctors are on the horizon. （教材P43）虽然我不会指望病人们很快就会有信心随时去看机器人医生, 但我确信人工智能医生即将出现。典例翻译You can always bank on me if you need money. 你要是需要钱可以永远依靠我。 We shoul
33、dnt count on getting their agreement. 我们不应指望会得到他们的同意。 He was banking on getting something to eat on the train. 他指望能在火车上吃些东西。 Im banking on you to help me with the arrangements. 我要靠你帮忙安排这些事了。 归纳拓展依靠/指望某人/某事 bank on sb./sth. 指望做某事 bank on doing sth. 指望某人做某事 bank on sb. to do sth. count on 指望学以致用单句填空We
34、 were banking on knowing （know）the way to the park.Im banking on your help.4. on the horizon 将要发生Although I wouldnt bank on patients feeling confident about seeing a robot doctor any time soon, Im sure that AI doctors are on the horizon. （教材P43）虽然我不会指望病人们很快就会有信心随时去看机器人医生, 但我确信人工智能医生即将出现。典例翻译There is
35、 trouble looming on the horizon. 快要出事了。 The sun rose above the horizon. 太阳升到地平线上了。 This series of talks is intended to broaden our horizons. 这一系列讲座的目的在于扩展我们的见识。 The setting sun disappeared below the horizon. 落日消失在地平线下。 归纳拓展horizon n. 范围, 眼界在地平线上/下 above/below the horizon 开阔某人的眼界 broaden ones horizon
36、s 学以致用完成句子旅行可以开阔人的眼界。Travel can broaden ones horizons .她想旅行以开阔她的眼界。She wanted to travel to broaden her horizons .公司现在需要开拓新的领域。The company needs new horizons now.5. be bound to 很有可能, 肯定会Some of these ideas may sound far ahead of their time, but Im sure theyre bound to happen sooner or later! （教材P43）这
37、其中一些想法可能听起来远远超前于它们的时代, 但我相信它们迟早会发生！典例翻译He isbound to be nervous on the stage. 他在舞台上一定会紧张。 Youre bound by the contract to pay before the end of the month. 按照合同规定, 你必须在月底前付款。 The doctor is too bound up in his work. 这位医生工作太忙。 From that moment my life became inextricably bound up with hers. 从那时起, 我的生命就和
38、她结下了不解之缘。 It is beyond the bounds of human knowledge. 它超越了人类知识的范围。 归纳拓展（1）bound adj. 一定会; 有义务的; 受约束的受某物/某事约束（而必须做某事） be bound by sth. （to do sth.） 忙于某事（而无暇顾及其他） be bound up in sth. 与息息相关 be bound up with （2）bound n. 跳跃; 范围超出的范围 beyond the bounds of 学以致用（1）单句填空The foundation is bound by the treaty to
39、 help any nation that requests aid.He was too bound up in his own problems to listen to mine.Marks problems are all bound up with his mothers death when he was ten.（2）单句写作只要我们坚持梦想、永不放弃, 我们一定会取得成功。 So long as we hold on to our dream and never give up, we are bound to achieve success. 重点句型when it come
40、s to 当谈到/涉及I think its also fair to say that we can get our hopes up when it comes to finding cures for serious diseases, such as cancer. （教材P43）我认为, 公平地说, 在寻找治疗癌症等严重疾病的方法方面, 我们也可以满怀希望。典例翻译I know little about music, but when it comes to rap, I am familiar with it. 我对音乐了解甚少, 但是谈及说唱音乐, 我却非常了解。 I belie
41、ve I have the talent to make it. 我相信我有获得成功的才干。 When it comes to speaking in public, no one can match him. 谈及在公共场合讲话, 没人能比得上他。 归纳拓展when it comes to表示“当谈到/涉及”, 其中it无具体意义, 只起担任主语的作用; to是介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词。下列结构中的it均无明确的指代关系, 也无明确的意义：别着急 take it easy做到; 办成; 成功 make it 一决雌雄 fight it out明白了 get it学以致用完成句子You come first. Get it （明白了）?Even if it is tough, take it easy （放松点）.After a tiring trip, we made it （成功） to the destination.10
