1、语法点集中攻坚单元要点大本营单元一法练写作 Movies and TheatreUnit 6被动语态考点 1【重点】构成被动语态由“be动词及物动词的过去分词”构成，被动句的时态通过助动词be的变化来体现，注意只有及物动词才有被动语态。现以do为例，说明被动语态的构成。英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。语法点集中攻坚原形be done一般现在时 am/is/are done 一般过去时 was/were done 一般将来时 will/shall be done；am/is/are going to be done 现在进行时
2、am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were being done 现在完成时 have/has been done 过去完成时 had been done 过去将来时 would be done；was/were going to be done 含 有 情 态 动 词 的 被 动 语 态 由“情 态 动 词can/may/must/shouldbe及物动词的过去分词”构成。典例 1 Chinese _ by more and more people from all over the world today.Alearn Blearned Cis learned
3、Dwas learnedC【点拨】此题采用逻辑推理法。因为句子的主Chinese“汉语”是被人们学习，所以要用被动语态，由句子的时间状语today，可知应用一般现在时。故选C。典例 2 Many trees and flowers _ in our school last year and they made our school a beautiful garden.Ahave plantedBare planted Cwere planted Dwill be plantedC【点拨】此题采用分析句子结构法。主语Many trees and flowers与谓语动词plant之间是动宾关系
4、，故用被动语态，由时间状语last year可知用一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。考点 2 被动语态的基本用法(1)动作的执行者不明确或不必说出，用被动语态。eg：A class meeting will be held tomorrow.明天要开班会。(2)用于强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者时。eg：This book is written by him.这本书是他写的。魔法记忆谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要，突出承受者或礼貌，用被动语态错不了。(3)出于礼貌或语气婉转等不愿说出动作的执行者是谁。eg：All the homework must be finish
5、ed.所有的家庭作业必须完成。典例The pet dog is warm and loving.It _as a daughter of my family.(河北改编)AtreatsBtreated Cis treated Dtreat C【点拨】这道题是对被动语态的考查。主语It指的是宠物狗，因此它和动词treat构成动宾关系，应该用被动语态。故选C。考点 3 主动语态变被动语态的方法主动语态变被动语态的步骤是：(1)将宾语变成主语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构，时态要跟原主动语态相符。(3)原主语如果有必要留下，则用介词by引导放在动词之后或句末，将主格改为宾格。主动语态与被动语态的转化：M
6、any people speak English.English is spoken by many people.eg：Many people speak English.English is spoken by many people.许多人说英语。魔法记忆主动语态变被动语态的口诀：宾语提前主语变，时态人称be关键。过去分词勿变错，原主变宾by后见。考点 4 被动语态的一些特殊形式(1)主动句中带有双宾语的动词在被动句中可用直接宾语或间接宾语作主语，但用 直 接 宾 语作主语时，在间接宾语前应加上介词to或for，在动词send，pass，give，post，leave等后应用介词to，而
7、在动词 buy，cook，draw，make等后应用介词for。eg：The kite was made for me by my mother.这个风筝是我妈妈给我做的。(2)动词短语的被动形式由动词加介词或副词构成的短语，用于被动语态时应注意不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。(3)感官动词see，hear，watch，notice以及使役动词 make，let，have等用于主动句时应用省略to的动词不定式，而在被动句中该不定式符号应加上。eg：He was seen to enter the teachers office.有人看见他进了教师办公室。考点 5 主动结构表示被动意义(1)wash，
8、sell，write，read等动词的主语为物时，可用主动语态表示被动意义。eg：The cars sell well.这些小汽车卖得很好。(2)look，taste，smell，sound等系动词的主动形式表示被动意义。eg：The dish tastes good.这道菜味道很好。(3)want，need，require等动词后接动名词表示被动意义。eg：All these computers need repairing.所有这些电脑都需要修理。典例What are you listening to?A song by Huo Zun.It _ beautiful.(辽宁丹东)Atast
9、esBsoundsClooks DsmellsB【点拨】这道题考查词义的辨析。taste 尝起来；sound 听起来；look 看起来；smell 闻起来。句意：你在听什么？一首霍尊的歌曲。它听起来太好听了。故选B。有些及物动词带了宾语之后还需要有一个补充成分才能使句子完整，这个补充成分就叫宾语补足语。用来说明宾语的行为、特征、状态、身份等。宾语补足语考点【重点】构成可以充当宾语补足语的词或短语例句名词They named the boy Charlie.他们给这个男孩起名为查利。形容词They found her happy that day.他们发现那天她很高兴。副词I asked her
10、 in.我让她进来。动词不定式 She encouraged me to try again.她鼓励我再试一次。不带to的动词不定式I saw him come in and go out.我见他进来又出去了。现在分词They felt the car moving fast.他们感到汽车行驶得很快。过去分词He found the door of the research institute closed.他发现研究所的门关闭了。介词短语You must keep the cat in your room.你必须让猫呆在你房间里。考向一 接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的词有：make，l
11、et，have，hear，watch，notice，see等。但是在变为被动语态时，需加上不定式符号to。eg：They made him work 10 hours a day.他们让他一天工作10个小时。He was made to work 10 hours a day.他被迫一天工作10个小时。考向二 在复合宾语中，宾语通常为名词或代词，但有时也可以用不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或that从句来充当。这时，应使用it代替宾语，而将真正的宾语移到句子的后面，在这种结构中，宾语补足语通常为名词或形容词，常用于这种结构的动词有：feel，find，think，make，take，judge
12、，consider等。eg：We all thought it a pity that you couldnt join us.我们都认为你不能加入我们很可惜。典例 1 Listen！I hear someone _ in the classroom.(湖南永州)AsingBsinging Cto singB【点拨】这道题考查的是动词不定式或动名词充当宾语补足语。hear sb.do sth.听见某人做了某事。hear sb.doing sth.听到某人正在做某事。句意：听！我听见有人正在教室里唱歌。故选B。典例 2 The little girl was crying because her
13、 mother didnt allow her _the ice cream.AeatBeatsCto eat DateC【点拨】allow sb.to do sth.是固定结构，允许某人去做某事。故选C。一、用所给词的适当形式填空1He was seen _(enter)the teachers office.to enter【点拨】此题采用分析句子结构法。see后常跟动词原形或动名词作宾语补足语，在被动语态中，后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。魔法记忆巧记不带to的不定式：一感二听三使让，四看注意半帮助。主动不能有to字，变成被动回原位。这些动词在“动词宾语不定式”的结构中，不定式不带to，但
14、在变为被动语态时，要加to。2I have had my bike _(repair)3This new watch _(buy)for me by my father yesterday.repairedwas bought【点拨】由yesterday可判断应用一般过去时，watch与buy之间存在被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was bought。4(中考盐城)Next week a speech on art _(give)by an artist in our school.5(中考常州)Excuse me，havent you been told _(not smoke)
15、in the reading room?will be givennot to smoke【点拨】tell sb.not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事，故答案为not to smoke。二、单项选择6(十堰)During the Spring Festival,paper cuttings _ on windows，doors and walls as symbols.Aare put Bwere put Cputs DputtingA【点拨】主语是paper cuttings，谓语put应用被动语态，而时间状语为during the Spring Festival,是一个描述规律性
16、行为的时间状语，而不是某一过去或将来的特定时间，应为一般现在时。故选A。7This kind of paper _ very soft.Ato feel Bfeeling Cfelt Dfeels8(株洲)Im very strong，so nothing will make me _ my mind.AchangeBto changeCchanging【点拨】make 后接动词作宾语补足语时要用动词原形，所以选A。DA9(中考北京)Flowers _ along the road last year.Aplant Bplanted Care planted Dwere plantedD【点拨
17、】考查被动语态。由时间状语last year可知应用一般过去时，flowers与plant之间存在被动关系。故选D。10(中考沈阳)The office phones are dirty and they_next week.Awill clean Bwill be cleaned Care cleaning Dare cleanedB【点拨】考查语态。句意“办公电话太脏了，它们将在下周被清理干净。”由句意可知they与clean之间存在被动关系，且由next week可知是一般将来时。故选B。【点拨】考查被动语态。分析句意可知I与allow之间存在被动关系，且主语是I，故选C。11(中考吉林
18、)Whats your family rule，Sam?Well，I _to go out with friends on school nights.Adont allow Bisnt allowed Cam not allowedC12(陕西)Tourists bad behavior _ by the government in our country from now on.A.will record B.will be recorded C.records D.is recorded B【点拨】句意：从现在起，在我们国家，游客的不文明行为将会被政府记录下来。主语“不文明行为”和谓语“
19、记录”是被动关系，且为一般将来时，故选B。【点拨】hear sb.do sth.表示听到经常性的动作；hear sb.doing sth.表示听到正在进行的动作。根据本句中的often可知选C。13(中考莱芜)We often hear some students _ spoken English in the English corner.Apracticed Bpracticing Cpractice Dwas practicingC14(中考咸阳)Whats the most important morning news on CCTV today?The Chinese governm
20、ent warned Japan _ do harm to Chinas territorial sovereignty(领土主权)again and again.Ato not Bdidnt Cnot to Ddo notC【点拨】warn sb.not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事，故选C。15(中考黄石)Wheres Tony now?I saw him _in the garden a moment ago and I told him_ Aplay；go home Bplaying；to go home Cto play；goes home Dplay；going home
21、B【点拨】see sb.do sth.表示看见某人做某事的全过程；see sb.doing sth.表示看见某人正在做某事，排除C。tell sb.to do sth.为固定短语，意为“告诉某人做某事”，排除A、D。故选B。返回单元要点大本营用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空 Most people are _1 in movies or plays and they always focus on the _2or actresses.But actors or actresses are a small part of a movie or a play.A lot of people
22、make a movie or _3 a play.First，a good _4is needed to direct the movie.Second，a good script needs to _5.What _6 is needed?Costumes，sound and music are needed.actinterestdirecthow longa couple of preferelse write be made input on interested actors put on director be written else Do you know _7 the hi
23、story of movie making is?The first movies _8 France and Germany.There were only _9 people acting in front of the camera.They were not in colour.Nowadays，there are many kinds of movies，such as action，science fiction，comedy and so on.I _10 comedies to science fiction.I will see a comedy this weekend.h
24、ow long were made in a couple of preferactinterestdirecthow longa couple of preferelse write be made input on 返回四步四要素法写观后感步骤一：用概括的语言把所需材料作简明扼要的叙述。步骤二：点明原文所包含的中心思想。步骤三：在原材料基础上，结合社会生活实际，发表自己的看法。假设在英语课上老师给你们欣赏了电影太空大灌篮的主题曲I Believe I Can Fly。这是一首催人奋进的励志歌曲。请你根据以下要点以“I Believe I Can Fly”为题，用英语写一篇观后感。内容要点：
25、1这首歌告诉我们自信的重要性；2自信给人勇气尝试，使人成功；3梦想和自信使人勇于面对困难；4没有梦想和自信，不会获得成功。单元一法练写作步骤四：对全文进行归纳和总结。四要素：引(用)议(论)联(想)结(论)注意：1词数80左右，短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数；2参考词汇：自信心confidence(n.)；3短文须包括所有要点，不要逐词翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺。I Believe I Can Fly I Believe I Can Fly is a nice song by R.Kelly._I Believe I Can FlyI Believe I Can Fly is a ni
26、ce song by RKelly.This song tells us that confidence is very important.When a person has confidence，he believes in himself.He believes that he can and will succeed，and this gives him the courage to try new things.Dreams and confidence are what keep us going on in the face of difficulties.No one can
27、achieve success without them.If you believe you can fly，then you can really fly someday.I think I will never give up whenever I meet difficulties.Ill remember confidence is the premise to success.范文:本文包含了观后感的四个要素“引(用)议(论)联(想)结(论)”，用概括的语言把所需材料作简明扼要的叙述(第1段的第1句)；点明原文所包含的中心思想(第1段第2句)；在原材料基础上，结合社会生活实际，发表自己的看法并对全文进行归纳和总结(文章其余内容)。本文的添彩点:恰当运用了所学的believe in，without，someday，give up等表达了自己的思想。keep sb.doing，I think I will never.whenever I等运用恰到好处。名师点评：返回
