1、专题11 完形填空之人与自然序号内容Part 1题型总览题型综述 技巧点拨Part 2真题感悟真题详解 强重难词 析长难句.Part 3专题强化真题自测 新题模拟Part 1题型总览【题型综述】人与自然是高中新课程标准必考、常考三大主题之一。本主题包括动人与自然的和谐相处，人在自然界的生存、植物保护、生态保护、自然灾害、等方面。这些话题与学生的生活 息息相关，联系密切。通过对这些话题的学习以及高考英语对这些话题的考查，可以让学生 多注意身边的人和事、关注自然环境、学会与大自然和谐相处。【技巧点拨】1.利用语篇语境、逻辑关系解题完形填空主要考查考生对语篇语境的理解，着重考查考生根据上下文提供的信
2、息进行分析、推理、判断的能力。所以考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。通过语篇内容进行推断：把握全文，可以避免断章取义；通过上下文语境进行推断：从上下文中寻找提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行合理的推理判断。必须将词语辨析与上下文情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来，从词汇意义入手，抓住情节线索解决问题。做题时严格区分、细心比较，看其搭配、惯用法，尤其看其内涵和外延，即词义的差异，才能找出一个合乎情理的答案。逻辑关系是指转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、并列关系、总结关系等，与语法密切相关。逻辑关系一般隐藏在句子中、句与句之间
3、以及段落的衔接中。利用逻辑关系，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而选出正确选项。这样使题目的难度大大降低。2.利用搭配、同义复现、常识解题固定搭配包括固定词组搭配和语法题两种，随着“突出语篇”的命题原则，这类题目越来越少。词汇复现的信息包括原词复现，同义词、近义词和反义词复现，概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如：与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。考生可以利用这些现象解题。有些情况下考生可以根据上下文的意思，从自己的生活经验、知识储备、常识和常规逻辑出发，正确理解题意，推断正确答案。Part 2真题感
4、悟Passage 1【真题详解】【2020浙江卷】Ive been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger scat.One morning I 36 a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated fr
5、om its 37 , so I jumped out of the tractor to 38 it while Don stayed in his scat.Lamb and mother 39 , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so 40 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. 41 Don had somehow made the 42 move.My heart froze in my
6、chest as I 43 the tractor heading towards the 44 .I ran desperately but failed to 45 . It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The 46 thing I saw was Dons face, looking calmly back at me.Heart in mouth, I 47 the fence and looked over. The tractor was 48 against the crash barrier in the ce
7、ntral reservation, having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the 49 road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldnt see Don, but as I 50 the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently 51 , and dashed back to me.The police 52 and the motorway ran normally again. I couldnt quite believe my 53 it turned out no
8、one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been 54 .Don was given a special 55 that nightI didnt want him thinking I was angry with him.36AdroppedBspottedCcarriedDreturned37AkidsBfriendsCownerDmother38Aask aboutBplay withCtend toDrun into39AfreedBswitchedCreunitedDexamined40AunexpectedBdangerous
9、CembarrassingDdifficult41AFortunatelyBGenerallyCImmediatelyDObviously42AlambBvehicleCseatDfence43AsawBstoppedCrememberedDdrove44AcrowdBmotorwayCfieldDhill45Atake offBcatch upChold backDget out46ArealBbestCbasicDlast47AfixedBnoticedCreachedDclosed48ArestingBrunningCparkingDturning49AsleepBlongCroughD
10、busy50AabandonedBapproachedCrecognizedDrepaired51AuncleanBuncertainCunhurtDunhappy52AarrivedBrepliedCsurvivedDwaited53AabilityBdreamCluckDidea54AcommonBconfusingCdesirableDawful55AmealBtestCjobDlesson【答案】36B37D38C39C40A41D42B43A44B45B46D47C48A49D50B51C52A53C54D55A【文章大意】本文主题是人与自然。文章主要讲了作者开车带着它的狗去田地，路
11、上发现了一只和它妈妈走散的小羊。作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈，谁知竟发现自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受伤。这真是一个奇迹！36考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一条高速公路穿过我的田地。A. dropped下降；B. spotted发现；C. carried搬； D. returned返回。下文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。37考查名词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还
12、坐在它的座位上。A. kids小孩；B. friends朋友；C. owner主人；D. mother妈妈。根据下文Lamb and mother，可知小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。38考查动词短语辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don还坐在它的座位上。A. ask about询问；B. play with同一起玩；C. tend to照看；D. run into撞上。上文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。39考查动词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。A. freed使自由；B. s
13、witched转变；C. reunited重聚；D. examined检查。下文说我转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故选C。40考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. dangerous危险的；C. embarrassing使人尴尬的；D. difficult困难的。上文说我看见拖拉机突然离开了我，下文说我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。41考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Gen
14、erally通常；C. Immediately立即；D. Obviously显然。根据while Don stayed in his seat可知我跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Don还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。42考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle车辆；C. seat座位；D. fence栅栏。根据I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.可知我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所
15、以这里指的是Don开走了我的车。故选B。43考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw看到；B. stopped停止；C. remembered记得；D. drove驾驶。下文说，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。故选A。44考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd人群；B. motorway高速公路；C. field旷野；D. hill小山。根据near where a motorway cuts through my land.和having miraculously (奇迹般地)
16、crossed theroad with fast-flowing traffic.可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。45考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能追上。A. take off 起飞； B. catch up追上； C. hold back阻止；D. get out出去。根据I ran desperately以及下文It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.可知我没有追上拖拉机。故选B。46考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最后看到的是Don的脸，它平静地看着我。A. real真实的；B. best最好的； C. basic
17、基本的；D. last最后的。Don平静地看着我，这是我最后看到的事情。故选D。47考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵达栅栏，仔细检查。A. fixed固定；B. noticed注意； C. reached抵达；D. closed关。根据and looked over可知我是抵达了栅栏。故选C。48考查动词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. resting 倚靠；B. running跑； C. parking停车；D. turning转动。根据the crash barrier in the central reserv
18、ation可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。49考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. steep陡峭的；B. long长的；C. rough粗糙的；D. busy繁忙的。根据fast-flowing traffic可知这条高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。50考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. abandoned抛弃； B. approached 接近;C. recognized意识到；D. repaired修理。下文说我的狗冲回我身边，所以我必定是接
19、近了拖拉机。故选B。51考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. unclean不洁的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unhurt没有受伤的；D. unhappy不快乐的。根据下文no one got badly hurt可知我的狗没有受伤。故选C。52考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察来了，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常。A. arrived到达；B. replied回答；C. survived幸存；D. waited等待。下文说高速公路的运行又恢复了正常，可知是警察到达，处理了情况。故选A。53考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能
20、完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. ability 能力；B. dream梦想； C. luck运气；D. idea想法。我的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速路，结果却没有人受伤，所以我不相信我有这么好的运气。故选C。54考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A. common普通的；B. confusing混乱的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. awful可怕的。根据上文作者的极度担忧My heart froze in my chest和Heart in mouth以及生活常识，动物开车上了高速路，结果可能
21、是非常可怕的。故选D 。55考查名词词义辨析。句意：Don那天晚上被给予了一顿特别的晚餐我不想让它认为我生它的气。A. meal一餐；B. test测验；C. job工作； D. lesson教训。根据下文I didnt want him thinking I was angry with him.可知我不想让它认为我生它的气，所以我给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。【强重难词】1. tractor n. 拖拉机；牵引机2. reunited v. （使）重聚，团圆；（使）再结合，再联合（reunite 的过去式和过去分词）3. Desperately adv. 拼命地；绝望地；极度地_4.
22、barrier n. 障碍物，屏障；界线5. miraculously adv. 奇迹般地；神奇地；非凡地；出乎意料地6. apparently adv. 显然地；似乎，表面上7. embarrassingadj. 使人尴尬的；令人为难的8. desirable adj. 可取的，值得拥有的，令人向往的；引起性欲的，性感的9. put the handbrake on把手刹踩上10. head towards向.方向进发；驶向11. in the central reservation在中心保护区12. fast-flowing traffic川流不息的车辆13. hold back隐瞒；退缩
23、；抑制；阻止【析长难句】1. One morning I spotted a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. 【解析】本句中的when I was in the top field是时间状语从句，near where a motorway cuts through my land.是定语从句。【译文】一天早上，当我正在附近一条高速公路穿过我的土地的高处时，我发现一直羔羊。【仿写】_2. Heart in mouth, I reached the fence and
24、 looked over. 【解析】句中的Heart in mouth是独立主格结构，做状语。【译文】我的心都提到嗓子眼了，当我走到栅栏前向外望去。【仿写】_3. I couldnt quite believe my luck it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been awful .【解析】句中的it turned out no one got badly hurt相当于my luck的同位语，对believe做补充说明，but the outcome could have been awful是并
25、列句。【译文】.我简直不敢相信自己的运气结果没人受重伤，但结果可能很糟糕。【仿写】_Passage 2【真题详解】【2019全国卷1】 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 1 with them lots of waste. The 2 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro
26、.Hearing these stories, Im 4 about the place other destinations are described as purer natural experiences.However, I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 6 among tons of rubbish. I find a 7 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challe
27、nges are 8 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 9 .The best of a Kilimanjaro 10 , in my opinion, isnt reaching the top. Mountains are 11 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 12 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 13 go through five ecosystems（生态系统）in the
28、space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 14 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather 15 low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 16 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the
29、highland 17 : gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks. 18 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 19 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro 20 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.1. A. keepB. mixC.
30、connect D. bring 2. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters3. A. positionB. ageC. face D. name 4. A. silentB. skeptical C. serious D. crazy5. A. discoverB. argueC. decide D. advocate 6. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones7. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean8. A. newB. special C. signifi
31、cant D. necessary9. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away10. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight11. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded12. A. viewB. quality C. reasonD. purpose13. A. scientists B. climbers C. localsD. officials14. A. holding on to B. g
32、oing back to C. living up to D. giving way to15. A. changes B. clearsC. improvesD. permits16. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add17. A. village B. desert C. roadD. lake18. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally19. A. permanent B. littleC. freshD. artificial20. A. enjoy B. deserve C. saveD
33、. acquire【答案】1-5 DCCBA 6-10 CDCAB 11-15 DABDA 16-20 CBDAB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇主题为人与自然的文章。每年有大约4万人去攀登乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了大量垃圾，破坏了环境，甚至导致冰川消失。作者抱着怀疑的态度去攀登此山，却发现与报道的大不一样。（1）考查动词辨析。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. connect联系；D. bring带来； 根据句意：人们尝试登山，带来了大量的垃圾。故答案为D。（2）考查名词辨析。A.stories故事；B. buildings 建筑；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。此处指
34、前文提到的about 40,000 people，担心他们会破坏这里的美景，故答案为C。（3）考查名词辨析。A. position位置；B. age年龄；C. face 脸；外观；D. name名字。因为冰川在消失，所以会改变乞力马扎罗山的外观，故答案为C。（4）考查形容词辨析。A. silent 沉默的；B. skeptical怀疑的；C. serious严肃的；D. crazy疯狂的；听到这些故事，作者感到不信。因为在下文中作者的所见与报道的完全不一样。故答案为B。（5）考查动词辨析。A. discover发现；B. argue争论； C. decide决定；D. advocate提倡；下
35、文中much has changed是作者在沿途所看见的，故答案为A。（6）考查名词辨析。A. equipment设备；B. grass草；C. camps营地；D. stones石头。上文中提到登山者带来的大量垃圾，在垃圾堆中的当然是登山者的营房，故答案为C。（7）考查形容词辨析。A. remote遥远的；B. quiet安静的；C. all所有的；D. clean干净的。此处与前文的change呼应，根据下文的with toilets at camps and along the paths可知这里的环境是“干净的”，故答案为D。（8）考查形容词辨析。A. new新的；B. special
36、特别的；C. significant重大的；D. necessary必要的。环境挑战是“重大的”，但是坦桑尼亚国家公园的管理者做出的努力也是有了回报。故答案为C。（9）考查动词短语辨析。A. paying off得到回报；B. spreading out传播出去；C. blowing up爆炸；D. fading away逐渐消失。坦桑尼亚国家公园的管理者做出的努力好像有了回报，故答案为A。（10）考查名词辨析。A. atmosphere气氛；B. experience经历；C. experiment实验；D. sight风景；本句的isnt reaching the top指的是“体验；经历
37、”，故答案为B。（11）考查动词辨析。A. studied学习；B. observed观察；C. explored探索；D. regarded看作。在很多文化中，山被看作是神圣的地方。be regarded as被看作，故答案为D。（12）考查名词辨析。A. view风景；B. quality质量；C. reason原因；D. purpose目的；在乞力马扎罗山上，这种风景特别明显，因为一个人可以在几公里的空间经历五种生态系统。故答案为A。（13）考查名词辨析。A. scientists科学家；B. climbers登山者；C. locals本地人；D. officials官员。在山上经历多种
38、生态系统的当然是“登山者”，故答案为B。（14）考查动词短语辨析。A. holding on to坚持；B. going back to回到；C. living up to不辜负；D. giving way to为让路。此处描述由雨林到低矮的灌木的变化，故答案为D。（15）考查动词辨析。A. changes变化；B. clears清除；C. improves提高；改善；D. permits允许。此处描述天气的变化，故答案为A。（16）考查动词辨析。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. count数；D. add加。本句中的twelve shades of green是“数”出来
39、的，故答案为C。（17）考查名词辨析。A. village村庄；B. desert沙漠；C. road公路；D. lake湖。冒号后的gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks是“沙漠”的地表特征，故答案为B。（18）考查形容词辨析。A. Obviously明显的；B. Easily容易地；C. Consequently结果；D. Finally最后。arctic-like zone是五种生态系统中的最后一种，故答案为D。（19）考查形容词辨析。A. permanent永久的；B. little小的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. artificial人造的；根据常识，山顶上的no
40、w and the glaciers是一直存在的。故答案为A。（20）考查动词辨析。句意：乞力马扎罗山上游人如织，破坏了它的宁静的氛围是名不虚传吗？我看恰恰相反。A. enjoy喜欢；B. deserve值得；C. save救；D. acquire获得。deserve ones reputation名不虚传。故答案为B。【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。【强重难词】1. destination n. 目的地，终点；抵达站2. disturbi
41、ng adj. 令人不安的；烦扰的3. environmental adj. 环境的，周围的；有关环境的4. spiritual adj. 精神的，心灵的；宗教的；（人）高尚的5. ecosystems n. 生态系统6. abruptly adv. 突然地；唐突地7. skeptical adj. 怀疑的；（哲学）怀疑论的，不可知论的8. advocate v. 提倡，拥护；为辩护9. consequently adv. 因此；结果；所以10. permanent adj. 永久的，永恒的；不变的11. artificial adj. 人造的；仿造的；虚伪的；非原产地的；武断的12. spr
42、ead out 展开；铺开；伸张13. blow up 爆发，爆炸；放大；使充气14. fade away渐远15. hold on to 坚持；紧握；克制16. live up to 不辜负；做到；实践【析长难句】1. However, I soon discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of disturbing among tons of rubbish. 【解析】discover后的that much has changed.是that引导的宾语从句，其中much是代词，做宾语从句的主语。
43、【译文】然而，我很快就发现，自从那些日子里登山者在数吨垃圾中露营的令人不安的报道以来，情况都发生了变化。【仿写】_2. The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off.【解析】句中的but转折连接作用；made by the Tanzania National Park Authority是the efforts的后置定语；seem后的 to be paying off是做表语的动词不定式
44、。【译文】虽然环境挑战是重大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的努力似乎得到了回报。【仿写】_3. Further up, the weather changes low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass.【解析】Further up是副词短语做状语；which are covered with thick grass是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面先行词the mountainsides.【译文】在海拔更高处，天气就变了低矮的云层覆盖着浓密草甸的山坡。【仿写】_Part 3专题强化Passage
45、1【真题自测】【2020山东省高考英语试卷（新高考全国卷)】Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age.When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around his home. A flood had hit the
46、area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there werent enough trees to protect them from the 27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime
47、. He turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, wher
48、e he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.21AdreamBjobChomeDchoice22Anatur
49、eByouthCcultureDknowledge23ApreciousBinterestingCdisturbingDawkward24AwasteBtensionCpainDdamage25ABesidesBHoweverCThereforeDOtherwise26AagreedBrealizedCrememberedDpredicted27AnoiseBheatCdiseaseDdust28AdirectionsBpartnersChelpDshelter29AlaborBpoliceCforestDfinance30ArebuiltBdiscoveredCleftDmanaged31A
50、DecoratingBObservingCWateringDGuarding32AtoughBillegalCfantasticDbeneficial33AbackBtopCfootDside34Acool downBkeep offCpurifyDcollect35AreturnedBlearnedCfailedDcontinued【答案】21C22A23C24D25A26B27B28D29C30B31C32A33B34D35D【解析】本文主题是人与自然。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数
51、量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。21考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些”湿地”成为了他的第二个”家”。故选C。22考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. youth青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。湿地展现
52、了”大自然”的价值和美。故选A。23考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。24考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会”损害
53、”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。25考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。26考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai”意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。27考查名词词义辨析。句意
54、:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。28考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供”遮蔽”。故选D。29考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动；B. police警察；C. for
55、est森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的”The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向”森林”部门求助。故选C。30考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。31考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水
56、是很困难的。A. Decorating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的”the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗”浇水”很难。故选C。32考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很”难”。故选A。33考查名词词义辨析。句意:
57、Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句”The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。34考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. collect收
58、集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上”收集”雨水。故选D。35考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他”继续”种树。故选D。Passage 2【真题自测】【2019全国2卷】Its about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers home in Minnes
59、ota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting, Ehlers 41 about the small dog he had seen 42 alongside the road. He had 43 to coax（哄）the dog to him but, frightened, it had 44 . Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 45 dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two
60、drove 46 . After a long and careful 47 , Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 48 away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking（舔）Ehlers face.A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the
61、local paper. The ad had a 51 number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 52 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53 their dog.Jeff had 54 in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days.Ehlers r
62、eturned to Minnesota, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. Its good to know theres still someone out there who 56 enough to go to that kind of 57 , says Lisa of Ehlers rescue 58 .I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 59 to it as I am to my dogs,
63、 says Ehlers. If it had been my dog, Id hope that somebody would be 60 to go that extra mile.41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard42. A. fighting B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off45. A. injure
64、d B. stolen C. lost D. rescued46. A. home B. past C. back D. on 47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily49. A. surprise B. joyC. hesitation D. anxiety50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded 51. A. house B. phone C. stree
65、t D. car52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered 53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns 57. A. place B. troubleC. waste D. extreme 58. A. service B. plan C. ef
66、fort D. team59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. willing 【答案】4145 CBADC 4650 CDABB 5155 BACAD 5660 ABCDD【考点】记叙文，人物故事类 【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述Ehlers找到一只狗并将其归还给它的主人的故事。 （1）考查动词。A. readabout读到过；B.forgetabout忘记关于；C.think about思考；D.hearabout听说。下文提到the smalldog he ha
67、d seen他在路上看见的一只狗，所以一路上他一直在想那只狗，故答案为C。 （2）考查动词。A. fighting战斗；B. trembling颤抖；C. eating吃；D. sleeping睡觉。根据下文可知那只狗是别人丢失的，属于流浪狗，很可能受过伤害，所以在发抖，故答案为B。 （3）考查动词。A. tried试图；B. agreed同意；C. promised承诺；D. regretted后悔。Ehlers召唤它，但是没有成功，try to do sth试图做某事。故答案为A。 （4）考查动词短语。A. calmed down冷静下来；B. stood up站起来；C. rolled
68、over翻滚；D. run off跑开。根据前文提到Ehlers 一路上在想那只狗，所以此处是那只狗“跑开”了。故答案为D。 （5）考查过去分词作形容词的含义。A. injured受伤的；B. stolen被盗的；C. lost丢失的；D. rescued被救的。根据上下文可知这是一只“丢失的”狗，故答案为C。 （6）考查副词。A. home回家；B. past过去； C. back回去；D. on继续。根据上下文可知那只狗一直困扰着Ehlers，所以他叫上朋友一起回去找那只狗。故答案为C。 （7）考查名词。A. preparation准备；B. explanation解释；C. test检测
69、；D. search寻找。根据下文Greg sawthe dog moving可知他们在仔细地寻找。故答案为D。 （8）考查副词。A. cautiously小心的；B. casually随便的；C. skillfully熟练的；D. angrily生气的。狗已经无家可归，而且胆小，又在野外陌生的环境，所以处处“小心”，故答案为A。 （9）考查名词。A. surprise惊讶；B. joy高兴；C. hesitation犹豫；D. anxiety焦虑。与前文的Nervousness and fear相反，而且下文中提到开始舔Ehlers的脸，所以此时应该“高兴”，故答案为B。 （10）考查动词。
70、A. predicted预测；B. advertised登广告；C. believed相信；D. recorded记录。根据下文的ad可知狗的主人在报纸上登了寻狗启示，故答案为B。 （11）考查名词。A. house房子；B. phone电话；C. street街道；D. car汽车。根据下文的Ehlers拨打了号码可知在广告中有失主的电话，故答案为B。 （12）考查动词。A. called打电话；B. copied复制；C. counted数数；D. remembered记住。根据下文可知他在打电话，故答案为A。 （13）考查动词。A. fed喂养；B. adopted收养；C. found
71、找到；D. cured治愈。此时Ehlers打电话告诉失主他们“找到”了那只狗，故答案为C。 （14）考查动词。A. hunted打猎；B. skied滑雪；C. lived住；D. worked工作。根据下文the gun shots had scared the dogoff可知“打猎”与枪声有关，故答案为A。 （15）考查介词短语。A. on purpose故意的；B. on time按时；C. in turn轮流；D. in vain白费；徒劳。此处描述Jeff找了四天都没找到，故答案为D。 （16）考查动词。A. cares关心；B. sees看见； C. suffers遭受；D.
72、learns学习。此处感激Ehlers对他的狗的照顾，故答案为A。 （17）考查名词。A. place地方；B. trouble麻烦；C. waste浪费；D. extreme极端。此处指他的狗给Ehlers带来了麻烦，故答案为B。 （18）考查名词。A. service服务；B. plan计划；C. effort努力；D. team团队。Ehlers开车和朋友专程去找那只狗，所以做出了很大的“努力”，故答案为C。 （19）考查形容词。A. equal平等的；B. allergic过敏的；C. grateful感激的；D. close近的；亲密的。句意：我觉得不管是谁丢了狗，他与他的狗肯定和我
73、与我的狗的亲密程度一样。be close to与亲密/近。故答案为D。 （20）考查形容词。A. suitable合适的；B. proud骄傲的；C. wise聪明的； D. willing愿意的。句意：如果我的狗丢了，我真希望有人愿意走那么远地去找它。故答案为D。Passage 3【新题模拟】（2021四川攀枝花市高三月考） I was working on a novel based on the lives of chimpanzees(黑猩猩). To 1 them, I read every book written by Dr. Jane Goodall. One day, whi
74、le visiting the website about chimpanzees, I 2 the chance to complete a six month internship(实习) with the Jane Goodall Institute(JGI) in Tanzania. 3 having a full time job, I knew I had to go. I was offered an unpaid internship after 4 .But then my logical mind jumped in, “You cant 5 . What are you
75、going to do with your house and your life?” The 6 were continuous, so I hesitated. I wanted answers to my questions about why this trip 7 so much to me, why I had so much 8 and what would happen if I let go of my 9 version of life.I did have answers in my heart that helped me walk through my fear an
76、d take on a new 10 . So after several weeks struggle, I 11 made my decision. I drove to my company headquarters and 12 .Soon I boarded a plane to Tanzania. On the trip, my heart pounded with 13 unsure of what Id find at my 14 .During my six-month internship, I slowly 15 my soul. I met wonderful frie
77、nds and completed several community projects for JGI. I also visited Gombe which is home to chimpanzees and the 16 staff there who offered to take us for chimpanzee tracking.So much happened during my stay and all of it 17 the most wonderful unfolding of life lessons. Ill always carry the lessons an
78、d the light of those 18 in my heart. I experienced immeasurable 19 in learning how to listen to the desires of my soul and how to defeat fear, and being 20 to something new.1AunderstandBacceptCcomfortDaccompany2Agave upBcame acrossCput forwardDbroke down3ABy comparison withBInstead ofCIn addition to
79、DRegardless of4AstrugglingBpromisingCapplyingDbegging5AleaveBescapeCrefuseDhesitate6ApredictionsBanswersCcommentsDwhispers7AintroducedBlentCmeantDexplained8AregretBfearCdisappointmentDshyness9AuniqueBuncertainCimportantDpresent10AsceneBdebateCadventureDhabit11AeventuallyBinstantlyCsuddenlyDrandomly1
80、2AapologizedBresignedCapplaudedDswore13AcuriosityBreliefCshameDnervousness14AdestinationBheartChomeDsituation15ArecognizedBevaluatedCfilledDconfirmed16AsmartBkindCclumsyDselfish17Adealt withBmixed upCdisagreed withDcontributed to18AmemoriesBwishesCchoicesDsufferings19AinterestBdifficultyCgrowthDdesi
81、re20AequalBopenCtrueDblind【答案】1A2B3D4C5A6D7C8B9D10C11A12B13D14A15C16B17D18A19C20B【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去实习，得到了无法估量的成长，学会了如何战胜恐惧，并对新事物敞开心扉。1考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了了解他们，我读了简古德尔博士写的每一本书。A. understand了解；B. accept接受；C. comfort安慰；D. accompany陪伴。根据文章第一句“I was working on a novel based on the lives of chimpanzees.”可知作者
82、在写一部以黑猩猩生活为题材的小说，所以要了解黑猩猩。故选A项。2考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，我在浏览有关黑猩猩的网站时，偶然发现有机会在坦桑尼亚的简古道尔研究所（JGI）完成为期六个月的实习。A. gave up放弃；B. came across遇到；C. put forward提出；D. broke down崩溃。根据后文的“the chance to complete a six month internship”以及“I knew I had to go”可知作者遇到了可以去实习的机会。故选B项。3考查介词短语辨析。句意：不管有没有全职工作，我知道我必须去。A. By comparis
83、on with与相比；B. Instead of作为的替换；C. In addition to另外；D. Regardless of不管。通过后文“I knew I had to go”可知，作者无论如何一定要去。故选D项。4考查动词词义辨析。句意：我申请后得到了一个无薪实习机会。A. struggling 斗争；B. promising许诺；C. applying申请；D. begging 祈求。通过前文得知作者要去实习，所以这里应该是申请到了一个实习机会。故选C项。5考查动词词义辨析。句意：但后来我的理智思维跳了出来，“你不能离开。你打算怎么处理你的房子和你的生活？A. leave离开；B
84、. escape逃跑； C. refuse拒绝；D. hesitate犹豫。通过后文作者的想法“What are you going to do with your house and your life?”可知作者对于离开家去实习是有忧虑的，理智劝他不要离开。故选A项。6考查名词词义辨析。句意：低语不断，所以我犹豫不决。A. predictions预测；B. answers答案；C. comments评论；D. whispers低语声。根据前文“But then my logical mind jumped in”可知作者心中总是有不断的低语声，使得他犹豫不决。故选D项。7考查动词词义辨析。
85、句意：我想要得到这些问题的答案:为什么这次旅行对我如此重要，为什么我会如此恐惧，如果我放弃现在的生活会发生什么。A. introduced介绍；B. lent借给；C. meant意味着；D. explained解释。前文“I wanted answers to my questions about why this trip”可知作者想要解释这次旅行对自己意味着什么。故选C项。8考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想要得到这些问题的答案:为什么这次旅行对我如此重要，为什么我会如此恐惧，如果我放弃现在的生活会发生什么。A. regret遗憾；B. fear恐惧；C. disappointment失望；D
86、. shyness羞怯。通过后文“helped me walk through my fear”可知这里作者对未知的生活感到恐惧。故选B项。9考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想要得到这些问题的答案:为什么这次旅行对我如此重要，为什么我会如此恐惧，如果我放弃现在的生活会发生什么。A. unique独特的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. important重要的；D. present当前的。通过前文作者的忧虑“What are you going to do with your house and your life?”可知作者对于该不该放弃当前的生活是迷茫的。故选D项。10考查名词词义辨析。
87、句意：我心里有了答案，帮助我走出恐惧，开始新的冒险。A. scene场景；B. debate辩论；C. adventure冒险；D. habit习惯。通过前文“helped me walk through my fear and take on a new”可知作者克服了恐惧，准备迎接新生活，开启新的冒险。故选C项。11考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以经过几周的斗争，我最终做出了决定。A. eventually最后；B. instantly立即；C. suddenly突然；D. randomly随机。根据前文“after several weeks struggle”可知作者想了几周，最后做出了决
88、定。故选A项。12考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开车到公司总部辞职。A. apologized道歉；B. resigned辞职；C. applauded赞许；D. swore咒骂。根据后文“Soon I boarded a plane to Tanzania.”可知作者去公司不久后就登上了飞机，所以他应该是去公司辞职。故选B项。13考查名词词义辨析。句意：旅途中，我的心因紧张而怦怦直跳不知道在目的地会发现什么。A. curiosity好奇；B. relief解脱；C. shame羞耻；D. nervousness紧张。通过前文“my heart pounded”可知作者因为紧张所以心怦怦直跳。故选
89、D项。14考查名词词义辨析。句意：旅途中，我的心因紧张而怦怦直跳不知道在目的地会发现什么。A. destination目的地；B. heart心；C. home家；D. situation形势。根据前文“Soon I boarded a plane to Tanzania.”可知他踏上了未知的旅途，自己也不知道终点等待他的是什么。故选A项。15考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我六个月的实习期间，我慢慢地充实了我的灵魂。A. recognized 确认；B. evaluated评估；C. filled填满；D. confirmed确认。通过后文“I met wonderful friends and
90、completed several community projects for JGI.”可知作者认识了很多朋友，还完成了几个社区项目，使自己的人生过的格外充实。故选C项。16考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还参观了贡贝国家公园，那里是黑猩猩的家园，那里友善的工作人员提出要带我们去追踪黑猩猩。A. smart聪明的；B. kind善良的； C. clumsy笨拙的；D. selfish自私的。通过后文“offered to take us for chimpanzee tracking”可知工作人员愿意带他们去追踪黑猩猩，所以作者应该认为工作人员很友善。故选B项。17考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我
91、的逗留期间发生了许多事情，这些都成为了人生课程中最精彩的展现。A. dealt with处理；B. mixed up混淆；C. disagreed with不同意；D. contributed to促成。作者认为这六个月发生的事情促成了自己人生课程最精彩的展开。故选D项。18考查名词词义辨析。句意：我将永远把那些教训和记忆的光芒带在心里。A. memories记忆；B. wishes愿望；C. choices选择；D. sufferings痛苦。根据前文“So much happened during my stay and all of it contributed to the most
92、wonderful unfolding of life lessons.”可知作者认为这段人生课程是最精彩的，所以他将铭记这段记忆。故选A项。19考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经历了无法估量的成长，学会了如何倾听我灵魂的渴望，如何战胜恐惧，并对新事物敞开心扉。A. interest兴趣；B. difficulty困难；C. growth成长；D. desire欲望。通过上文“So much happened during my stay and all of it contributed to the most wonderful unfolding of life lessons.”可知作者通过
93、这六个月的实习，得到了无法估量的成长，学到了很多。故选C项。20考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我经历了无法估量的成长，学会了如何倾听我灵魂的渴望，如何战胜恐惧，并对新事物敞开心扉。A. equal平等的；B. open开放的；C. true真的；D. blind失明的。作者从最开始的“had so much fear”到现在能“defeat fear”，说明自己战胜了恐惧，对新事物敞开了心扉。故选B项。Passage 4【新题模拟】（2021山东潍坊市高三期末） A 22-year-old aircraft maintenance engineer living in Dubai, Zachari
94、ah was visiting the southwest India state of Kerala for a family wedding when a lockdown was declared. Store shelves were emptying, and hence Zachariah and his father 21 vegetables on their familys plot of land.Using YouTube videos and techniques Zachariahs grandfather had 22 to his father 23 a guid
95、e, they began a garden that finally helped 24 20 neighboring households during the pandemic （流行病）.The tropical （热带的）climate of Kerala, he said, 25 plenty of rain and sun, making farming hands-off 26 its time to harvest. That free style of farming is in line with Zachariahs growing 27 in sustainable
96、agriculture, a movement that promotes working with nature instead of forcing the land to obey mans 28 What he didnt realize was that a 29 had been planted, one that would eventually lead him to 30 his career in engineering and consider one in farming. Soon after returning to Dubai, hes decided to 31
97、 careers, from serving the skies to 32 the soil. Its a big change for me. But this is what makes me 33 helping others and being in nature. The time theyve spent together has also helped bring Zachariah and his father 34 . “We started bonding and I think thats why I 35 gardening, Zachariah said.21Apl
98、antedBgatheredCconsumedDdelivered22Ataken overBpassed downChanded inDworked out23AunderBwithCasDwithout24AstimulateBmotivateCcleanDfeed25AstoresBprovidesCshiftsDrequires26AforBwhileCuntilDthough27AinterestBinfluenceCpatienceDdoubt28ApassionBhabitCpurposeDwill29AvegetableBtreeCseedDflower30ArethinkBr
99、estoreCbroadenDtreasure31AimproveBchooseCdistinguishDswitch32AworkingBlooseningCresearchingDwatering33AhealthyBwealthyChappyDconfident34AricherBcloserCbusierDstronger35Afigured outBput offCran acrossDgot into【答案】21A22B23C24D25B26C27A28D29C30A31D32A33C34B35D【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了飞机维修工程师Zachariah在流行病期间和父亲一
100、起种植蔬菜，养活了20户邻居。这件事让Zachariah感到很开心，不仅帮助了别人还融入了自然，所以对可持续发展农业产生兴趣，并决定转行。21考查动词词义辨析。句意：商店的货架空了，因此Zachariah和他的父亲在自家的地里种植蔬菜。A. planted种植；B. gathered聚集；C. consumed消费；D. delivered递送。根据前文的“Store shelves were emptying（商店的货架空了）”可知，Zachariah和他父亲买不到东西，买不到蔬菜，所以就在自家的地里种植蔬菜。故选A项。22考查动词短语辨析。句意：利用 YouTube上的视频和Zachari
101、ah的祖父传给他父亲的技术作为向导，他们开辟了一个菜园，最终在流行病期间养活了20户邻居。A. taken over接手；B. passed down传下来；C. handed in上交；D. worked out解决。根据上文“techniques”、“Zachariahs grandfather”以及下文“a guide”等关键词，可知Zachariah应是借鉴YouTube上的相关视频以及祖父传给他父亲的技术，和他父亲开辟了一个菜园种菜。故选B项。23考查介词词义辨析。句意：利用 YouTube上的视频和Zachariah的祖父传给他父亲的技术作为向导，他们开辟了一个菜园，最终在流行病期
102、间养活了20户邻居。A. under在下面；B. with和；C. as作为；D. without没有。根据上文“videos and techniques” 可知，视频和技术是提供指导作用的，作为向导的。故选C项。24考查动词词义辨析。句意：利用 YouTube上的视频和Zachariah的祖父传给他父亲的技术作为向导，他们开辟了一个菜园，最终在流行病期间养活了20户邻居。A. stimulate刺激；B. motivate激励；C. clean 打扫；D. feed喂养、养活。根据上文“they began a garden”可知，Zachariah和父亲开辟了一个菜园种菜，说明设空处应是
103、指种出来的菜可以养活20户邻居。故选D项。25考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，喀拉拉邦的热带气候提供了充足的雨水和阳光，使得农民在收获季节之前不必再耕作。A. stores储存；B. provides提供；C. shifts转移； D. requires要求。根据上文“The tropical （热带的）climate of Kerala（Kerala的热带气候）”及下文“plenty of rain and sun（充足的雨水和阳光）”“making farming hands-off（让农民可以放手）”可知，喀拉拉邦的气候是热带气候，雨水和阳光是很充足的，说明这种气候应是可以提供足够的雨水和
104、阳光，让农民不用太操心。故选B项。26考查连词词义辨析。句意：他说，喀拉拉邦的热带气候提供了充足的雨水和阳光，使得农民在收获季节之前不必再耕作。 A. for因为；B. while在期间；C. until直到；D. though尽管。根据上文“plenty of rain and sun（充足的雨水和阳光）”及“making farming hands-off（让农民可以放手）”可知，喀拉拉邦的气候提供了优良的生长条件，让农民不用操心太多。说明应该是直到该收获的时候农民才需要干预一下。故选C项。27考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种自由的耕作方式与Zachariah对可持续发展农业日益增长的兴趣是一
105、致的，可持续发展农业旨在促进与自然合作，而不是强迫土地服从人类的意志。A. interest兴趣；B. influence影响；C. patience耐心；D. doubt怀疑。根据下文倒数第二段“ Soon after returning to Dubai, hes decided to _11_ careers, from serving the skies to _12_ the soil.（回到迪拜后不久，他决定（转变）职业，从为天空服务转为耕种土地）” “But this is what makes me _13_ helping others and being in nature
106、.（但这就是让我开心的原因帮助别人、融入大自然。）”可知，这种自由耕作的可持续发展农业应是让Zachariah产生兴趣，才会有下文讲到的他转行的决定以及收获到的快乐。故选A项。28考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种自由的耕作方式与Zachariah对可持续发展农业日益增长的兴趣是一致的，可持续发展农业旨在促进与自然合作，而不是强迫土地服从人类的意志。A.passion激情； B.habit习惯； C.purpose目的； D.will意愿、意志。根据上文“promotes working with nature（促进与自然合作）”以及“ instead of”可知，“forcing the land
107、 to obey mans _8_”与上文构成转折对比关系。由此可知，设空处应是指“违背人类的意愿”。故选D项。29考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有意识到的是，一颗种子（指想法）已经播下，这颗种子最终会让他重新思考他在工程领域的职业生涯，并考虑在农业领域发展。A. vegetable 蔬菜；B. tree树；C. seed种子；D. flower 花。根据下文“one that would eventually lead him to _10_ his career in engineering and consider one in farming.（这会让他最终重新思考他在工程领域的职业生涯
108、，并考虑在农业领域发展）”可知，下文是对设空处的说明解释，说明设空处应是指“会让Zachariah最终重新思考他在工程领域的职业生涯，并考虑在农业领域发展的种子（想法）”已经在他心中种下，生根发芽。故选C项。30考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有意识到的是，一颗种子（指想法）已经播下，这颗种子最终会让他重新思考他在工程领域的职业生涯，并考虑在农业领域发展。A. rethink 重新考虑；B. restore恢复；C. broaden使扩大；D. treasure珍爱。根据下文“consider one in farming”及“Soon after returning to Dubai, hes
109、decided to _11_ careers, from serving the skies to _12_ the soil.（回到迪拜后不久，他决定转变职业，从为天空服务转为耕种土地）”可知，Zachariah回到迪拜后不久就决定转变职业，由此可推出设空处应是指重新考虑职业生涯。故选A项。31考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到迪拜后不久，他决定转变职业，从为天空服务转为耕种土地。A. improve提高；B. choose选择；C. distinguish区分； D. switch转变。根据上文“one that would eventually lead him to _10_ his ca
110、reer in engineering and consider one in farming（这会让他最终重新思考他在工程领域的职业生涯，并考虑在农业领域发展）”可知，Zachariah重新考虑了他的职业，说明设空处应是指转变、改变职业。故选D项。32考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到迪拜后不久，他决定转变职业，从为天空服务转为耕种土地。A. working工作；B. loosening放松；C. researching研究；D. watering浇水。根据上文“one that would eventually lead him to _10_ his career in engineering
111、 and consider one in farming”可知，Zachariah考虑在农业领域发展，所以应是指从为天空服务转为在田间工作。故选A项。33考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这就是让我开心的原因帮助别人、融入大自然。A. healthy健康的；B. wealthy富裕的；C. happy开心的；D. confident有信心的。根据上文“Its a big change for me.（这对我来说是个很大的改变）”以及“But”可知，设空处与上文构成转折关系，说明虽然这对于Zachariah来说是个很大的转变，但却是让他开心的。故选C项。34考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一起劳作的时间也
112、拉近了Zachariah和他父亲的距离。A. richer更有钱；B. closer更亲密；C. busier更忙碌；D. stronger更强壮。根据上文“The time theyve spent together（他们一起度过的时光）”，以及下文“We started bonding（我们开始建立感情）”，可知Zachariah和父亲开始建立感情，他们之间的关系应是更好了，更亲密了。故选B项。35考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们开始建立感情，“我想这就是为什么我喜欢园艺（种植农作物）”，Zachariah说。A. figured out解决；B. put off推迟；C. ran acros
113、s偶然遇见；D. got into陷入、迷恋。根据上文倒数第二段“But this is what makes me _13_ helping others and being in nature.（但这就是让我开心的原因帮助别人、融入大自然）”以及下文“We started bonding（我们开始建立感情）”可知，Zachariah通过与父亲种菜让自己开心，同时还拉近了与父亲的关系。说明他应是喜欢园艺（种植农作物）的，他爱上了园艺。故选D项。Passage 5【新题模拟】（2021河北衡水市衡水中学高三月考） Every year, I circle the first day of sp
114、ring on our calendar. In this way, it wont slip by 1 . Im not sure why 2 the calendar to announce springs arrival, since it has so little bearing on the matter. Spring comes when its good and ready; sometimes well before its 3 day, sometime well after.For years, spring in our town was 4 by Leon and
115、Jo Martin, who owned the Dairy Queen. Every year, they would 5 the words “Now Hiring” on their sign. I would walk past to see Leon and Jo Martin 6 for their spring opening. It was as 7 an indication of spring as any calendar, and after the Dairy Queen was sold to an out-of-town outfit who kept it 8
116、all year round, it threw off our towns circadian rhythms（昼夜节律）. 9 , when Johnstons grocery store 10 selling snowplows and starts selling lawn mowers（割草机） thats a pretty good 11 winters grip（抓紧，把手，柄） has loosened.But let us suppose Johnstons store ignores its duty and we are left 12 of springs arriva
117、l. We would then have to look and see whether Bill Edd, our towns plumber（水暖工），was wearing coat. 13 the first leaf dries up and falls to the ground in autumn, Bill 14 his brown Carhartt coat and doesnt remove it until next spring. Ive known Bill since we were very young, so I am well acquainted with
118、 his 15 .1AunnoticedBunrequestedCunrealisticDunchallenged2Aput awayBlearn aboutCdepend onDmake up3AworkingBclosingCequippedDappointed4AignoredBindicatedCcelebratedDinterrupted5ApostBreceiveCexchangeDcoin6AsearchingBchargingCreadyingDdemanding7AgeneralBaccurateCcasualDinvisible8AopenBneatCstylishDfre
119、sh9ANaturallyBSurprisinglyCSpecificallyDFortunately10AadmitsBceasesCconsidersDsuggests11AsignBchanceCfunctionDpreparation12AclearBguiltyCworthyDunaware13AAlthoughBWhenCBecauseDUntil14Ahangs upBpulls onCgives awayDshows off15AfamilyBbusinessChobbiesDhabits【答案】1A2C3D4B5A6C7B8A9D10B11A12D13B14B15D【分析】这
120、是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述小镇依靠镇民的习惯、开店时间、出售的商品作为春天到来的信号。1考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每年我都会在日历上圈出春天的第一天，恐怕它悄悄溜走。A. unnoticed未注意的；B. unrequested未被要求的；C. unrealistic非现实的；D. unchallenged没有异议的。根据下文“Spring comes when its good and ready; sometimes well before, sometimes well after.”可知，春天的到来或早或迟，很容易在不经意间溜走，故选A项。2考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不确定，为什么要依
121、靠日历来宣布春天的到来，因为这和这件事没有关系。A. put away收拾起来；B. learn about了解；C. depend on依靠；D. make up构成。根据下一句“since it has so little bearing on the matter.”可知，此处是指作者不明白既然春天和日历没什么关系，为什么大家还要依靠日历。故选C项。3考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春天有时按时到来；有时早来，有时晚来。A. working工作的；B. closing关闭的；C. equipped配备的；D. appointed约定的，指定的。根据上文“circle the first day
122、 of spring on our calendar.”及“Spring comes when its good and ready; sometimes well before, sometimes well after.”可知，大家都先在日历上做记号，标注日期。但是有时春天按时到来，有时在指定日期前来，有时在指定日期后来，故选D项。4考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我们镇都是由Leon和Jo Martin提示春天的到来。A. ignored忽视；B. indicated表明，暗示；C. celebrated庆祝；D. interrupted插嘴。根据“It was as.an indica
123、tion of spring as any calendar,”可知，Leon和Jo Martin可以暗示我们春天来了。故选B项。5考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年他们都会在他们的招牌上张贴用“Now Hiring”（现在开始招租）的字样。A. post张贴，宣布；B. receive接收；C. exchange交换；D. coin创造。根据“the words “Now Hiring” on their sign.”可知，Leon和Jo Martin把写着“now hiring”字样的牌子张贴在招牌上。故选A项。6考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我路过时，会看到Leon和Jo Martin正在为春季开
124、业做准备。A. searching搜索；B. charging控告，收费；C. readying准备；D. demanding要求。根据“Now Hiring” on their sign”可知，Leon和Jo Martin挂上这个提示牌是为了春季营业做准备，故选C项。7考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种春天的暗示如同日历一样准确。A. general普通的；B. accurate精确的；C. casual随意的；D. invisible看不见的。结合上下文可知，此处是指Leon和Jo Martin春季开门营业的时间就如同Dairy Queen的作用一样，能精确的提示春天的到来，故选B项。8考查形
125、容词词义辨析。句意：在Dairy Queen被卖给外地的某个团队之后，这个店面全年开业。这影响了我们的昼夜节律。A. open打开的；B. neat干净的；C. stylish时髦的；D. fresh新鲜的。根据 “it threw off our towns circadian rhythms”可知，原来Dairy Quee只有招租时才提示镇民春天要来了，而卖出去之后却起不到提示春天的作用了，可推测新店和Dairy Queen开业时间不一样，故选A项。9考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，当Johnston的杂货店停止出售扫雪机，开始卖割草机时，那就预示着冬天要过去了。A. Naturally
126、自然地；B.Surprisingly惊奇地；C.Specifically特有地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据“thats a pretty goodwinters grip has loosened.”可知，它可以提示冬天要过去了，春天要来了，所以人们觉得很幸运，故选D项。10考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，当Johnston的杂货店停止出售扫雪机，开始卖割草机时，那就预示着冬天要过去了。A. admits承认；B. ceases停止；C. considers考虑；D. suggests建议。根据“starts selling lawn mowers winters grip h
127、as loosened.”可知，杂货店开始卖割草机，预示冬天过去，所以不卖扫雪机了，故选B项。11考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，当Johnston的杂货店停止出售扫雪机，开始卖割草机时，那就预示着冬天要过去了。A. sign迹象；B. chance机会；C. function功能；D. preparation准备。根据“starts selling lawn mowers”可知，商店已经开始卖割草机了，所以预示着春天要来了，故选A项。12考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是我们可以设想一下，如果Johnston不尽职责，那么我们就意识不到春天到了。A. clear清楚的；B. guilty愧疚的
128、；C. worthy值得的；D. unaware无意识的。根据“suppose Johnstons store ignores its duty”可知，当Johntson闭店时，就没有什么可以让大家意识到春天的迹象了，故选D项。13考查连词词义辨析。句意：当第一片树叶在秋天枯干落到地上时，Bill会穿上他的棕色Carhartt大衣，直到明年春天才脱下来。A. Although虽然；B. When当时；C. Because因为；D. Until直到。根据句意可知，此处用when“当”引导时间状语从句符合语境。故选B项。14考查动词短语辨析。句意：当第一片树叶在秋天枯干落到地上时，Bill会穿上他
129、的棕色Carhartt大衣，直到明年春天才脱下来。A. hangs up挂断电话，终止；B. pulls on穿；C. gives away捐赠；D. shows off炫耀。根据“doesnt remove it until next spring.”可知，Bill直到第二年春天才脱下来，那么之前应是一直穿着的，故选B项。15考查名词词义辨析。句意：从小我就认识Bill，所以我熟知他的习惯。A. family家庭；B. business商业；C. hobbies爱好；D. habits习惯。根据“Ive known Bill since we were very young”可知，从小我就认识Bill，所以我了解他换衣服的习惯，故选D项。
