1、专题二七选五(一)(2019全国卷)Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” _1_ According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good._2_ If the air youre breathing is cleanwhich it would be if youre awa
2、y from the smog of citiesthen the air is filled with lifegiving, energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural
3、world and healing (治愈). _3_ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood (情绪). Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients who see tree branch
4、es out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. _4_ It gives us a great feeling of peace._5_ While the suns rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin Dbut still protect your s
5、kinput on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D.AFresh air cleans our lungs.BSo what are you waiting for?CBeing in nature refreshes us.DAnother side benefit of getting
6、 fresh air is sunlight.EBut is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?FJust as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.GAll across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了呼吸新鲜空气和接近大自然有益于身心健康。1E空格前一句句意：我们都是听着人们说的“出去呼
7、吸点儿新鲜空气”长大的，空格后一句句意：答案是肯定的。由此可判断E项“但是新鲜空气真的像你妈妈总说的那样对你有好处吗？”符合语境。2A空格处为本段的中心句。根据空格后的内容可知，如果人们呼吸的空气是干净的，那么空气中就充满了维持生命的、让人充满活力的氧气。如果在户外锻炼，人的身体会学会深呼吸，让更多的氧气进入肌肉和大脑。所以本段主要说明了呼吸新鲜空气的好处，故A项“新鲜空气清洁我们的肺”符合语境。3G空格后的“these places”与G项中的“recovery centers”相呼应，因此G项“全国各地的康复中心已经开始建造康复花园”符合语境。4C空格前介绍了接近大自然、看绿色植物对病人的
8、康复有益，空格后一句“它给我们一种非常好的内心平和的感觉”，由此可推断出空格处应该表达置身于大自然的好处，故选C项“置身于大自然使我们精神焕发”。5D空格后一句句意：虽然阳光会使我们的皮肤衰老并受到伤害，但阳光也能带来有益的维生素D。这是呼吸新鲜空气附带的好处，故D项“呼吸新鲜空气的另一个附带好处是阳光”符合语境。(2019湖南省三湘名校教育联盟高三第一次大联考)Many people feel out of place when dining simply because they dont know how to follow table manners, especially if th
9、ey have been invited to a nice place. Admittedly, it is difficult to learn every point of etiquette (礼仪) at a glance, but here are a few general pointers. _1_Observe your host.Follow their lead. _2_ If you are the host, dont panic. Ensure you read up on etiquette before taking on the role of hosting
10、 and operate within the rules so that you are easy to follow.Wait for host to invite you to the table.He may assign you to a seat. Stand behind the chair as the other guests get seated. _3_ After you sit, pull your chair in to the table, without dragging it over the floor with a horrible noise.Be po
11、lite.Consider every action before you do it. _4_ You must consciously stop from embarrassing yourself and your host. Take small bites; do not talk with food in your mouth; and do not place elbows on the table.How to pass items.When someone says, “Please pass the .” reach for it only if you are the c
12、losest one to it. Take the item and place it next to your neighbor. _5_ Dont help yourself along the way, before the person who asked for it gets the chance. Wait politely until they have served themselves. Then ask for the bowl to be passed back to you.AWhen the host sits, take your seat.BWait for
13、your host to finish the meal first.CIf you have the slightest doubt, dont do it!DRemember, good manners never go out of style.EContinue passing in this manner until it reaches others.FBecause the host generally is the leader at a dinner party or meal.GIts important to say traditional phrases of than
14、ks before and after a meal.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文中作者介绍了一些常用的餐桌礼仪。1D上文“but here are a few general pointers”指出这里有一些一般的规则，设空处进一步指出了解这些规则的必要性，D项“记住，好的礼仪永远不会过时”符合语境，故选D。2F这一段的小标题是“Observe your host.(观察你的主人)”，结合上文“Follow their lead.”可知，F项“因为一般来说，主人是这次宴会的领导”符合语境，说明这样做的原因，故选F。3A由下文“After you sit, pull your chair i
15、n to the table”，可知，设空处引出下文，指你在什么情况下就坐，A项“当主人坐下时，你也就坐”符合语境，故选A。4C上文“Consider every action before you do it.”指出要考虑之后再做事情，下文“You must consciously stop from embarrassing yourself and your host.”指出你必须有意识地不要让自己和主人尴尬，由此可知该空承上启下，C项“如果有丝毫疑惑，就不要做”符合语境，故选C。5E上文“Take the item and place it next to your neighbor.
16、”和下文“Dont help yourself along the way”都提到了递东西的原则，E项也是讲如何递东西，故选E。(2019山东省济宁一中高三第一次调研考试)Things You Can Do for the OceanThe ocean supports a global underwater circulation system of currents, which affects temperature and nutrient distribution. _1_. Its time for you to do something for the ocean. Be the
17、 best citizen of the ocean you can be by taking these simple steps today._2_.The Monterey Bay Aquarium has made it easy to choose oceanfriendly seafood wherever you live or travel. You can visit their site to determine the pocket guide. And try to carry a reusable cup when travelling. More than 200
18、billion pounds of plastic is produced in the world every year and about 10% of it ends up in the ocean! _3_. You can also make your efforts to reduce the plastic waste by travelling with your own cup.Leave it better than you found it and reduce water pollution.Leave natural areas and beaches better
19、than you found them. _4_， or get together with likeminded members of your community by participating in a local beach cleanup. Reducing water pollution is also beneficial to protecting the ocean. There are simple things you can do to reduce water pollution locally and impact water quality globally.
20、_5_. You should correctly deal with dangerous materials. Moreover, you should use native plants and natural fertilizers, and be mindful when washing your vehicle.AAnd this in turn affects ultimately human lifeBThe ocean pollution has been a serious problemCEat sustainable seafood and carry a reusabl
21、e cupDBring a small bag and pick the rubbish along the wayEYou should not eat at the restaurants selling wild animalsFYou should use poisonless household products whenever possibleGRefusing bottled water is an effective way to reduce the waste stream of plastic篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。作者针对如何保护海洋，减少海洋污染这一问题给出了一
22、些建议。1A上文提到了海洋的作用和影响，A项“并且这些反过来会最终影响人类的生活。”在语意和结构上与设空处前一句构成顺承和递进关系，故选A。2C由第二段内容可知，这一段主要讲了吃可再生的海鲜和使用可重复使用的杯子的问题，故选C。3G设空前一句指出塑料对于海洋的严重污染，设空后一句提到了减少使用塑料的方法，G项“拒绝瓶装水是一种减少塑料使用的有效方法。”符合语境，故选G。4D下文提到了清理海滩的活动，D项“带一个小包，沿途捡拾垃圾。”符合语境，指出了具体的实施方法，故选D。5F下一句“You should correctly deal with dangerous materials.”(你应该
23、正确地处理危险物品。)表明设空处应谈及有毒或无毒的问题，故F项(你应该使用无毒家居产品)符合语境，故选F。(2019全国卷)Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question：“Should I jump？” This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. _1_ Like the chil
24、d on the diving board, you will stay undecided._2_ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.You also need to judge t
25、he quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. _3_ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity (清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.Another
26、way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. _4_ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.Your personal circumstances are equ
27、ally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but cant become one because your eyesight is not good enough. _5_ You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcom
28、e them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.AThis can affect your work.BSo how should you motivate yourself?CHowever, this should not discourage you.DSo why should we try to set specific goals?EThey can change according to circums
29、tances.FMotivation is what you need most to do a good job.GWithout motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了激发动力的方法：要对自己有正确的评价；需要判断你的动机的质量和深度；设定现实的目标。1G空格前有“motivation and goal setting”，而且说它们是同一枚硬币的两面，缺一不可，由此可知此处讲动力与设定目标的关系，故G项“没有动力，你既不能设定目标也不能实现它”符合语境。2B根据空格后的“更进一步说，你该
30、如何保持动力以达到目标？”可知，空格处为比此句层次稍浅的提问，B项“那么你应如何激励自己？”符合语境。3A根据空格前“有时候你的心思不在工作上”，A项“这会影响你的工作”符合语境。4E根据空格前的“goals are flexible”可知，目标是灵活的，故E项“它们可以根据情况而改变”与之对应。5C根据空格前的例子，“你或许会因为视力不够好而不能成为飞行员”，结合空格后“重新设定一个目标”，可知C项“然而，这不应该使你气馁”符合语境。(2019黑龙江哈尔滨三中高三第二次调研)The effect of bullying (欺凌) can be serious and even lead to
31、 tragedy. Unfortunately, it is still a mostly unresearched area._1_ That year, two students with shotguns, both of whom had been considered gifted and who had been bullied for years, killed 13 people, wounded 24 and then committed suicide. A year later, an analysis by the US government found that bu
32、llying played a major role in more than twothirds of the campus violence._2_ Numerous invaders throughout history have tried to defend their bullying behavior by claiming that they themselves were bullied. _3_ Although there is no justification for bullying, many of the worst humans in history have
33、indeed been bullies and victims of bullying.Since bullying is often ignored, it may provide an important clue in crowd behavior and passerby behavior. _4_ Many of them have suggested bullying as one of the reasons of this coldness. When someone is bullied, it is not only the bully and the victim who
34、 are becoming less sensitive to violence. _5_ In this sense, bullying affects not only the bullied but his friends and classmates and the whole society.AResearch indicates that the victim often becomes the bully.BPsychologists have been puzzled by the inactivity of crowds and bystanders when crimes
35、occur in crowded places.CMore attention should be paid to peoples reaction to bullying when it happens.DHitler, for example, is claimed to have been a victim of bullying in his childhood.ECampus bullying is becoming a serious problem in some high schools in big cities.FThe friends and classmates of
36、the bully and the victim also accept the violence as normal.GThe link between bullying and school violence has attracted increasing attention since 1999.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了欺凌行为的严重后果以及它的原因。1G根据下一句中的“That year”可知，设空处应该有具体年份的出现。该空引起下文，G项(欺凌和学校暴力之间的联系从1999年开始，越来越受到关注。)符合语境，故选G项。2A根据下一句“Numerous invaders
37、 throughout history have tried to defend their bullying behavior by claiming that they themselves were bullied.”可知，历史上的许多侵略者通过宣称他们自己是被欺凌者，而为他们的欺凌行为辩护。再结合段末的“victims of bulling”可知，此处指研究表明曾经的受害者经常会变成欺凌者，故选A项。3D上文中提到历史中有很多这样的人，所以下面就拿希特勒为例来说明。D项(例如，据称希特勒在童年时期就是欺凌行为的受害者。)符合语境，故选D项。4B由设空后出现的“Many of them
38、have suggested”可知，该处应有复数指人的名词与“them”相对应，且上一句中的线索词“ignored”，“crowd”，“passerby”与B项中的“inactivity”，“crowds”，“bystanders”相吻合。B项(当犯罪行为发生在人多的地方时，心理学家对人群和旁观者的不作为感到困惑。)符合语境，故选B项。5F由设空处上一句的内容及关键词“not only”可知，该处应提及另外一些人群也对暴力行为视若无睹，结合下一句提及欺凌行为不仅影响被欺凌者，也影响他的朋友和同学，甚至整个社会可知，F项(欺凌者的同学、朋友和受害者也将暴力视为正常的事。)符合语境，故选F项。(2
39、019成都高中毕业班第二次诊断性检测)Twentyfive years of experience in the field have convinced me that many people who consider themselves to be highly intelligent are not necessarily good thinkers. _1_ There are many aspects of this trap but I shall mention just two.A highly intelligent person can take a view on a
40、subject and then use his or her intelligence to defend that view. _2_ When a person has a better defence of the view, he or she is less likely to seek out alternatives or listen to anyone else. _3_ As a result, many highly intelligent minds are trapped in poor ideas because they can defend them so w
41、ell.A second aspect of the intelligence trap is that a person, who has grown up with the notion that he or she is more intelligent than those around, wants to get the most satisfaction from that intelligence. _4_ Such a strategy gives you an immediate result and also establishes your superiority. Be
42、ing constructive is much less rewarding. It may take years to show that a new idea works. _5_ So it is obvious that being critical and destructive is a much more appealing use of intelligence. This is made even worse by the absurd Western notion that critical thinking is enough.AThey get caught in t
43、he intelligence trap.BBut why are intelligent people not good thinkers?CIntelligent people always enjoy arguing with others.DYou also have to depend on the listener liking your idea.EA person with higher intelligence always defends ones view better.FThe quickest and most reliable way is to prove som
44、eone else wrong.GIf you know that you are right, why should you do either of those things?篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了高智商误区常见的两个表现。1A承接上文中的“highly intelligent”并和空后一句中的“trap”呼应可推知，A项(自以为高智商的人会陷入智商误区)符合语境。2E空前一句讲的是高智商的人会用自己的智商来维护自己的观点，因此E项(高智商的人会更好地维护自己的观点)是对上文的总结；同时与下文中的“When a person has a better defence of
45、the view”呼应。3G根据空前的“he or she is less likely to seek out alternatives or listen to anyone else”可知，当一个人能更好地维护自己的观点时，其就不会去找其他方法或去聆听别人。找其他方法或去聆听别人对应G项中的either of those things，故G项符合语境。4F根据空后一句“Such a strategy gives you an immediate result and also establishes your superiority.”可知，这种策略立竿见影。Such a strateg
46、y也就是指选项F中的“The quickest and most reliable way”，故F项符合语境。5D根据空后的“So”可推知，空处与空前一句“It may take years to show that a new idea works.”为顺承关系，继续说明建设性观点的劣势所在，故选D项(你还不得不依赖听者喜欢你的观点)。(2019全国卷)In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. _1_ While I have only
47、 listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic (逻辑) of each to their particular circumstance.Dos_2_ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus (
48、教学大纲) and learning management system information to be sure the answer isnt hiding in plain sight.Participate in discussion forums (论坛), blogs and other openended forums for dialogue. _3_ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do t
49、he same.DontsDont share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. _4_Dont openly express annoyance at a professor or class. _5_ When a stud
50、ent attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professors professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.AThats what they are for.BTurn to an online instructo
51、r for help.CIf more information is needed, they will ask.DRemember that online professors get a lot of emails.EBelow are some common dos and donts for online learners.FEveryone has taken a notsogreat class at one time or another.GAsk questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.篇章导读：
52、本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在选修网络课程时如何与授课老师建立健康有益的互动交流。1E空格前句意：在网络课堂上，与授课老师建立健康的沟通模式是非常重要的；空格后句意：虽然“我”每个只列出了两条，但显然还有许多其他情况可能发生。下面的段落紧接着介绍了沟通的注意事项两“做”和两“不做”，因此E项“下面是在线学习者应该做和不应该做的一些常见事情”符合语境。2G空格后句意：与主题内容相关的问题通常会受欢迎。在询问有关课程设计的问题之前，阅读教学大纲和学习管理系统信息，以确保答案不会隐藏在眼皮底下。由此可推知，此段表达要提出好的有水平的问题，故G项“问问题，但要确保这些问题是好的、深思熟虑的问题”符合语境。
53、3A空格前句意：参加论坛、博客和其他开放式论坛来进行对话，空格后为参加论坛等的一些注意事项，故A项“那就是它们的作用”符合语境。4C空格前句意：如果你需要延长最后期限，只需向授课老师解释一下情况，故C项“如果需要更多的信息，他们会询问”符合语境。5F空格前句意：不要公开表达对授课老师或课程的不满，空格后提及，如果授课老师的专业水平或能力确实令人担忧，一定要使用在线课程评价来冷静地发表你的意见，因此F项“每个人都曾经有过不太好的上课经历”符合语境。(2019兰州高三诊断考试)Have you ever wondered what the real meaning of the saying “A
54、 friend in need is a friend indeed” is? _1_. True friendship is the one, in which the individuals do not have to maintain good manners with each other. Sharing true friendship is the situation, when the person you are talking about is regarded as one among your family members, when the relation you
55、share with him or her reaches a stage that even if you dont correspond for some time, your friendship remains unchanged.The trust between best friends is such that if one friend falls in trouble, the other will not think twice to help. If the bond between two friends is strong, true friends can tole
56、rate even long distances. _2_. It would not affect their friendship. _3_. They would face it together and support each other, even if it is against the interests of the other person. Best friends dont analyze each other and they dont have to do so. They accept each other with their positive and nega
57、tive qualities. _4_. They know each others strengths as well as weaknesses. One would not overpower the other. They would respect each others individuality. In fact, they would understand the similarities and respect the differences. True friendship is marked by selflessness. Best friends support ea
58、ch other, even if the whole world opposes them. _5_. If you have even one true friend, consider yourself lucky.ATrue friendship never fades awayBNothing is hidden between true friendsCIt is not easy getting true friends for the lifetimeDFor them, geographical separation is just a part of lifeETrue f
59、riends dont desert each other when one is facing trouble FRemember, all the best friends are friends, but not all friends can be the best friends GPeople talk about the true value of friendship actually without knowing what it stands for篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。在生活中，真正的友谊不会拘泥于各种礼仪，朋友彼此间都以诚相待，会毫不犹豫地帮助对方。1G空前一句是
60、说，你曾经想知道“患难见真情”的真正的含义吗；后一句解释了什么是真正的友谊；由此可推知，空处应是说很多人并不了解真正的友谊的含义。故选G。2D根据前一句中的“long distances”可知，此处叙述的应是地理分离对双方的影响，这与D项中的“geographical separation”相呼应。故选D。3E根据后一句中的“face it together and support each other”可知，此处讲述的应是真正的朋友会共同面对困难并互相支持，这与E项中的“dont desert each other”相联系，同时it指代E项中的trouble。故选E。4B根据后一句中的“Th
61、ey know each others strengths as well as weaknesses.”可知，真正的朋友知道对方的优点和缺点，双方坦诚相见，故B项符合语境。5C根据空后的“If you have even one true friend, consider yourself lucky.”可知，即使你只有一位真正的朋友，那你也应该感到幸运；由此可推知，C项“获得一生的真正的朋友并不容易”符合语境。(2019郑州高中毕业年级第二次质量预测)Word travels quickly in the small fishing village of Port Washington,
62、Wisconsin. So when Mardy McGarry wanted to build a playground for kids with special needs, she knew it wouldnt take long to create interest in the project. But she never expected that a third of the town people would join in it. _1_“A lot of learning comes through play，” says McGarry, a special educ
63、ation teacher for 28 years. Shed seen the wood chips and sand of traditional playgrounds stop wheelchairs dead in their tracks.When a piece of land became available, the city council agreed to choose a part for a playground. _2_ She asked many kids for their wish list. She also asked experts for hel
64、p. And she brought on board her friend Sue Mayer, whose eightyearold son, Sam, has a serious disease.Her Kiwanis Club chapter came through with $7,000, and thats when the grassroots movement really got started. One woman gave $25,000 and had her company donate the same amount. _3_ There were silent
65、auctions (拍卖) and Tshirt sales. The local Pieper Family Foundation offered to donate half of the remaining $ 170,000 balance if McGarry could raise the rest. The $450,000 covered materials, but the actual construction would cost an additional $ 900,000. Not a choice. But the community could build it
66、.On September 16, 2008, the first day of construction, they came. Two women heard about the project on the radio on the way to work and took the day off to help. _4_ Tenyearolds sanded surfaces.Today, Possibility Playground is one of the most popular destinations in Ozaukee County. Theres a giant pi
67、rate ship, a sandbox, monkey bars, swings and so on._5_ Its exactly what McGarry wanted. People used to ask why she wanted to build a playground just for children with disabilities. “They didnt get it. Its only when you build a playground for children with disabilities that you build one for all chi
68、ldren，” she said.ASoon smaller businesses were helping.BAll children play shoulder to shoulder.CBut her students were too often left out.DEveryone thought it was really a great wonder.EA couple in their 80s operated their own trucks.FMcGarry started researching play equipment and contacting design f
69、irms.GThey rolled up their sleeves and used their weekdays to bring her idea to life.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。Mardy McGarry打算为残疾儿童建造一个游乐场的消息传开后，镇上有三分之一的人过来帮忙。最后在社会各界的帮助下，游乐场顺利完工。1G根据空前一句可知，她没有料到，镇上有三分之一的人会加入其中，即为孩子们建造一个游乐场。据此可推知，空处应是具体进一步说明镇上的人如何帮助她把想法变为现实，故G项符合语境。2F根据空前一句可知，市政会同意为游乐场选址；根据空后一句可知，McGarry询问学生的愿望
70、。据此可推知，空处应是说明她开始调查所需设备，并联系设计公司，故F项正确。3A根据空格前后介绍的俱乐部、个人及其公司的捐款以及拍卖会、义卖等活动可知，此处指各方的捐款情况，A项“很快一些更小型的公司也来帮忙”符合语境。4E空前一句是说在听到这个消息后，两位女士请假过来帮忙；空后一句是说孩子们也帮忙打磨地面。据此可推知，空处与此并列，应是介绍人们在工程施工过程中过来帮忙的具体例子，故E项符合语境。5B根据下文中的“you build one for all children”可推知，空处介绍McGarry建造游乐场想要看到的一幕：所有孩子肩并肩地一起玩耍，故B项正确。(2019广州普通高中毕业班
71、综合测试(一)What happens when you want to go from one place to another, but theres water in the way? Thats the problem people faced for hundreds of years in the area that is now New York City. In the city, there is a natural canal (运河) called the Narrows, separating Brooklyn on one side from Staten Islan
72、d on the other.But the Narrows isnt really so narrow. The water is almost a mile wide, and its more than 100 feet deep. _1_ When they wanted to talk to each other, they climbed into their boats and sailed across.By the late 1800s, circumstances had changed dramatically. Population growth meant there
73、 were now many people needing to travel between Staten Island and Brooklyn for work. _2_Between 1888 and 1920 there were two major efforts to build a train tunnel to connect the areas. _3_ Proposals to build a connecting bridge made during the 1910s also ended in failure due to opposition from the U
74、S Navy.Finally, after World War ， there were so many people living in New York City that leaders decided Brooklyn and Staten Island needed a direct connection. Since tunnels were too expensive, they decided to build a bridge. The design selected had two separate roadways stacked (叠放) on top of each
75、other. _4_ Construction, which took five years, was completed in 1964 and cost $ 320 million. Today about 190,000 cars and trucks cross the bridge every day._5_ But in the case of the Narrows, figuring out a good solution took hundreds of years.ASometimes getting from one place to another is very ea
76、sy.BBoth were quickly abandoned however due to the high costs involved.CNeither road was large enough to satisfy the existing transport demands.DIt was anticipated that the new train system would help the areas grow even faster.ETaking a boat every time was very slow, expensive and, in bad weather,
77、unreliable. FBoth would hang in the air from thick steel cables, supported by two giant steel towers.GFor a long time that wasnt a problem, because only a few people lived in Brooklyn and Staten Island.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述纽约市的一条天然运河the Narrows两岸的交通问题的解决过程。1G由设空处下一段的描述可知，本段内容与其形成正反对照，根据下一段中的关键词“Popul
78、ation growth”和“many people”判断本段应涉及前期只有很少一些人居住于运河两岸时的情况，故G项“很长时间以来那不是一个问题，因为只有一些人住在Brooklyn和 Staten Island”符合语境，且G项中的“a few people”与设空后的“they”相呼应，故选G项。2E设空前一句是说人口增长意味着有许多人为了工作奔波于两地之间，根据空处下一段可知，人们想要建造一个火车隧道来连接两地；由此可推知，设空处应是说乘船往返于两地的缺点，所以选E项。3B根据设空前一句中的“two major efforts”和设空下一句“Proposals to build a con
79、necting bridge made during the 1910s also ended in failure due to opposition from the US Navy.”可知，设空处应该是讲两次努力都没有成功，故选B项。4F根据设空前一句中的“two separate roadways stacked (叠放) on top of each other”可知，F项中的“Both”与之呼应，且F项的句意与语境相符，故选F项。5A根据设空后的转折句“But in the case of the Narrows, figuring out a good solution took
80、 hundreds of years.”可知，设空处句子的意思应与此句形成逻辑上的转折关系，所以A项“有时从一个地方到另一个地方是很容易的”符合语境。(二)(2019安徽省示范高中高三考试试题)Chocolate is popular with people around the world. Hot chocolate has been used for many years to treat diseases and fight bad moods. Its known as a special healthy drink from the 16th to 19th centuries,
81、and sometimes was taken as a medicine. _1_ Lets enjoy the following health benefits of drinking hot chocolate._2_ Drinking hot chocolate can help improve your brain power and improve your overall brain health. The flavonoids (类黄酮) increase the blood flow and oxygen to your brain, helping you think b
82、etter. If you want to improve your memory, try drinking two cups of hot chocolate a day.It contains more antioxidants (抗氧化物). _3_ So drinking hot chocolate is a better way to get chocolates powerful antioxidants than drinking green tea and wine. Hot chocolate contains a little bit more antioxidants
83、than a bar of chocolate, which are released when the drink is heated up.It improves your mood. Chocolate, including hot chocolate, is a wellknown mood adjuster. _4_ Hot chocolate contributes to the release of a beneficial chemical, which helps to improve your mood and make you feel happier.Its good
84、for your heart health. The flavonoids found in hot chocolate are good for your heart health. _5_ Choose healthy hot chocolate and be sure to drink it in moderation. Remember, chocolate itself contains sugar and fat, so you cant allow yourself to drink more than two cups a day.AIt can help you lose w
85、eight.BIt improves your brain health.CThis tasty drink helps fight stress, anxiety and depression.DHot chocolate contains more antioxidants than green tea and wine. EFlavonoids reduce the risk of heart disease by lowering blood pressure. FDrinking hot chocolate helps prevent the absorption of nutrit
86、ion from other foods.GNow, people dont consider hot chocolate as a medicine but drink it even more than ever.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了喝热巧克力的作用：提高大脑的健康；含有更多的抗氧化物；改善人的情绪；有益于心脏健康。1G根据空处后一句“Lets enjoy the following health benefits of drinking hot chocolate.”可知，设空处应承上启下，说明现代人当下更喜欢喝热巧克力的事实，故G项正确。2B根据空处所在的位置可知，空
87、处为该段的主题句；根据空处后一句“Drinking hot chocolate can help improve your brain power and improve your overall brain health.”可知，该段主要讲述了喝热巧克力对大脑健康的积极作用，故B项正确。3D根据空处后一句“So drinking hot chocolate is a better way to get chocolates powerful antioxidants than drinking green tea and wine.”可知，比起喝绿茶和葡萄酒，喝热巧克力是获得巧克力强效抗氧化
88、物的更好方法。据此可推知，D项“热巧克力比绿茶和葡萄酒含有更多的抗氧化物”符合语境。4C根据该段主题句“It improves your mood.”可知，该段主要讲述喝热巧克力可以改善人的情绪；结合语境可知，热巧克力可以帮助人们克服紧张、焦虑和沮丧，故C项正确。5E根据该段主题句可知，该段主要讲述热巧克力对心脏健康有好处；结合该段第二句可知，热巧克力中含有的类黄酮有益于心脏健康，因而可以推断，空处应介绍类黄酮的作用，即其通过降低血压来降低患心脏病的风险，故E项正确。(2019湖南省高三六校联考)Gardening 380 Kilometers above EarthAstronauts ha
89、ve to go through physical, psychological, and technical training. They also go through training in how to care for plants. These “astronaut gardeners” share their work and living space with plants.Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isnt a new idea. As space trips become longer, it will be neces
90、sary to grow food in space. _1_ Because of this, its not practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and thrown away.Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things. _2_ Also, plants can help to make air quality better because they p
91、roduce oxygen. They can improve the quality of the air inside the spacecraftthe only air the astronauts can breathe._3_ Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around the plants. This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulate the air. Without gravi
92、ty, roots dont “know” to grow down, leaves dont “know” to grow up, and water doesnt easily travel up the roots to the leaves. _4_ Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels (凝胶) are used to help plant growth.Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are try
93、ing to make plants grow more rapidly and grow with less water and light in space, and they are looking for ways to make plants more resistant to disease. _5_ Imagine that deserts may one day provide lots of fresh food for local people, saving transportation costs. Similarly, plants that are resistan
94、t to disease could provide an important food supply. With the worlds population now at about 7.7 billion people, our astronaut gardeners may help discover ways to feed those billions. AEvery plant grown in space must have several uses.BHowever, there are challenges with growing plants in space.CSuch
95、 methods may result in improvements back here on Earth.DThe cost of taking anything into space is about $22,000 per kilogram.ESpecialized containers are being developed to help the plants grow correctly.FAstronauts will welcome the addition of fruit and vegetables to their diet of dry foods.GCurrent
96、ly all oxygen is taken aboard in tanks.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了宇航员在太空种植物的原因和好处以及种植方法。1D空后是说将所有所需东西带上太空是不切合实际的；据此可推知，空处应是介绍空后一句的原因。故D项“带任何东西到太空的花费大约是每千克22,000美元”符合语境。2F根据空前一句可知，植物可以为宇航员提供新鲜的东西；根据空后一句可知，植物还可以改善太空站的空气质量，因为其可以产生氧气；据此可推知，空处应是介绍太空种植植物的好处，即宇航员也喜欢在他们的干粮中有新鲜的果蔬食物。故F项正确。3B上文介绍了太空种植的好处，即为宇航员提供新鲜的果蔬
97、、改善太空站的空气质量等；结合下文可知，种植太空果蔬有一定的困难；据此可知，空处承上启下，与上文形成转折关系。故B项正确。4E根据上文可知，在失重的情况下，植物的根和叶不知道如何生长，水分也不容易从根部传到叶子上；而空后一句介绍了关于土壤的解决方法；据此可推知，空处应是介绍解决上述问题的方法。故E项“正在研制专门的容器去帮助植物正确地生长”符合语境。5C根据空前一句可知，科学家们正在寻找各种让植物少使用水和光却能在太空快速生长，而且可以抵抗病害的方法；且下文又提到改良后的植物对地球的影响；据此可推知，空处应是说明这些方法可以在地球上运用以带来积极效果。故C项正确。(2019北京高考)Much
98、of the work in todays world is accomplished (完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. _1_ Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?_2_ They focused on football, basketball and bas
99、eball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level, the teams performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isnt evident in baseball, where add
100、itional individual talent keeps improving the teams performance.To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate (协调) their actions. _3_ In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on tea
101、mmates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal po
102、int total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the teams performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” _4_Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may
103、 make less effort. Just as in a game of tugofwar (拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force._5_ An Ateam may require a balancenot just A players, but a few generous B players as well.AIts not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.BSports team owners
104、spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.CThe group interaction and its effect drew the researchers attention.DStars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.ESeveral recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.FBuilding up a dream team is more complex
105、 than simply hiring the best talent.GThis task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了优秀人才在团队建设中的作用、地位和分布比例等。通过几项研究，得出的结论是：一个好的团队，其成员构成需要平衡，既要有优秀的人，也要有普通的人。在团队建设中优秀人才的引进不能简单地搞“一刀切”。1B根据空格前句意：“大多数人认为建一个好的团队的最好方法是聚集一群最有天赋(talented)的个人”，并结合空格后“公司花数百万(mi
106、llions)雇用顶级商业人士”，可知B项“体育队的老板花数百万(millions)美元吸引体育天才(talent)”符合语境，并且其中的millions和talent与上下文对应，故应选B项。2E根据空格后的“The results are mixed.”可知，空格处是研究的结果，选项E中的several recent studies与之对应，故答案为E。3G空格后先是提到了baseball，后又提到了basketball，对天才球员在这两项运动中所起的作用进行了研究，由此可知，空格处涉及baseball和basketball。选项G中的baseball，football，basketbal
107、l与之对应，故答案为G。4D根据空格前的“学习团队运动的小孩子经常被告知团队里没有个人”可推断出，选项D “明星们很明显不遵守体育精神这一基本原则”符合语境，故答案为D。5F根据空格后的“一个优秀的团队需要平衡”可知，空格处是“建立一支梦之队比单纯雇用最优秀的人才更复杂”，这与选项F对应，故答案为F。(2019河南洛阳市、许昌市高三年级第一次质量检测)Filial piety (孝心) is Chinas most important morality and involves strong deference (顺从) to ones parents. Thus, filial piety
108、is an important value when it comes to treating ones immediate family, elders and superiors in general.OriginsFilial piety was originally mentioned in the Western Zhou, _1_.MeaningFilial piety is a general attitude of offering love, respect, support, and deference to ones parents and other elders in
109、 the family, such as grandparents or older siblings. _2_. Besides, it involves working hard in order to provide material comforts for parents.The idea stems from the fact that parents give life to their children, and subsequently support them throughout their developing years in terms of providing f
110、ood, education, and material needs. _3_.Chinese characterBy looking at the Chinese character for filial piety, you will learn a lot about the terms definition._4_. The character is a combination of the character lao, which means old and zi, which means son. The top half of the character lao forms th
111、e top half of the character xiao, whereas the character that represents son forms the bottom half of the character._5_. The character xiao shows that the older person or generation is being supported by the son, or children in general.Alet me tell you the definition of filial pietyBFilial piety is c
112、larified by the Chinese character xiaoCFilial piety is one of the most important Chinese traditionsDThis placement is symbolic and tells of what filial piety meansEwhich includes carrying on the family line and respecting the eldersFActs of filial piety include obeying parents wishes, taking care of
113、 them when they are oldGExtending beyond ones family, filial piety also applies to all elders like teachers, professional superiors, or anyone who is older in age篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要对中华传统美德孝心的起源及含义进行了简要的介绍和分析。1E设空处上文介绍了孝心的起源；设空前为逗号，所以A和E为目标选项，分析句式结构可知，E项为定语从句，修饰先行词Filial piety，且E项介绍了孝心的基本内容，符合语境，故选E。2F根
114、据空格后一句“孝心也包括努力工作来为父母提供物质上的舒适条件”可推知，空处应是表述孝心的具体行为，故选F，衔接上下文。3G设空处上文主要阐述了孝敬父母的原因给予孩子生命，为他们提供食物、教育和其他物质需求，可推知空处应是表述孝心对除个人家庭外的长者也适用，故选G。4B设空处是本段的主题句。通读全段可知，本段主要是对“孝”字的字形进行分析，并联系本部分的标题Chinese character可知，选项B符合语境。5D承接上段的字形分析，此处对“孝”字进行了总结和意义分析，故选D。(2019四川绵阳市高三第一次诊断性考试)How to Choose a DogDogs have always be
115、en considered as the most popular pet animals and loyal friends of humans. Owning a dog can be a really great experience for the owner as well as his family members. _1_ It is a very important decision, and it has to be made after thinking over and over. To choose the right dog, you have to consider
116、 various aspects of factors.Size is one of the most important factors for dog selection. _2_ But they have to be handled very carefully as most of them are fragile. However, this may not be always truesome big dogs still can be kept in small space.Though puppies (幼犬) are mostly preferred to adults,
117、there are some people who go for grownup dogs. _3_ Puppies can be trained easily, while grownup dogs may take time and sometimes resist your efforts to get them trained.Although some people like dogs with frightening appearances, cute dogs are very much in demand. _4_ They often ignore many other fa
118、ctors. Once they adopt the dog, they soon land themselves in trouble.Families with small kids must avoid adopting dogs that lose hairs. Dog hair may cause allergic reactions in children. _5_ Then you should also try to get a dog that is friendly towards other animals.AYou may also talk to experts fo
119、r opinions.BThis is another vital factor for you to focus on.CBoth have their own advantages and disadvantages.DHowever, choosing the right one is confusing for many.EUnfortunately, there are many who only care about looks.FFor those with space concerns, the small dog can be a good choice.GBesides,
120、a pet dog should be gentle in nature and best suited for kids.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在养狗之前如何选择适合自己的狗。1D根据空格前一句“Owning a dog can be a really great experience for the owner as well as his family members.”可知，养一条狗对主人和其家人都是一个很好的经历；根据下文“To choose the right dog, you have to consider various aspects of factors.”可
121、知，选择合适的狗得考虑很多因素。故D项“然而，选择合适的狗对很多人来说是困惑的”和空前一句形成转折关系并且和下文相呼应，故选D项。2F根据空格前一句“Size is one of the most important factors for dog selection.”可知，本段讲的是选择狗要考虑狗的大小。故F项“对于那些担心空间的人来说，小狗是个不错的选择”符合语境，故选F项。3C根据空格后一句“Puppies can be trained easily, while grownup dogs may take time and sometimes resist your efforts
122、to get them trained.”可知，小狗容易训练，而成年的狗可能得花时间训练，有时可能抗拒训练，故C项“它们都有自己的优缺点”符合语境。4E根据空格前一句“Although some people like dogs with frightening appearances, cute dogs are very much in demand.”可知，本段讲的是狗的外表，故E项“不幸的是，很多人只在乎狗的外表”符合本段文意，且和设空后一句“They often ignore many other factors.”相呼应，故选E项。5G根据本段首句“Families with sm
123、all kids must avoid adopting dogs that lose hairs.”可知，本段讲的是有小孩的家庭在选择狗时需要注意的事项。G项“此外，宠物狗应该性格温顺并且最适合小孩”符合语境，故选G项。(2019济南外国语学校高考模拟)Many of us live with a roommate at some stage. Sometimes, there can be problems. Who hasnt had an argument about whose turn it is to take out the rubbish or who should be t
124、he one to clear up after dinner? _1_You know that theres always someone else around, which can help you feel safer. There is always someone to talk to, so you never feel lonely. Besides these obvious benefits, there are some you may not notice. _2_To examine the effect of living alone, Australian un
125、iversity researchers did much research and found that people living alone tended to eat less fresh food, which can have a significant negative effect on longterm health. However, those living with others generally benefited from a more varied diet compared to those living alone._3_ The researchers b
126、elieve the social and cultural roles played by cooking, food preparation and eating may be important considerations. For example, those living with friends have someone else to go shopping with, and thus are likely to buy high quality fresh food regularly._4_ If people living alone find they do not
127、have the knowledge required to prepare a particular dish or cook a certain food, they may fall back on readymade, less healthy food. However, if they live with at least one other person, they may be able to ask for help.In addition, people living alone can eat whatever they want at any time of the d
128、ay or night. However, its helpful to have someone around who questions your decision to eat frozen pizza at 3 am. _5_So, if you now live alone and find yourself fighting a losing battle against poor eating habits, why not consider sharing a home with someone else? You could encourage one another on
129、to greater health and wellbeing.ACooking skills may be another factor.BIn other words, roommates can draw your attention to unhealthy routines.CLiving with a roommate could be a good thing because a roommate can share your expenses and contribute to your homes maintenance.DFor example, were actually
130、 more likely to eat healthier food when living with others.EWhat could explain these findings?FIts hard to find someone who doesnt grate on your nerves, has a similar cleanliness level as you and goes to bed at the same time.GHowever, living with another person also comes with many benefits.篇章导读：本文是
131、一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与他人合住有利于改善你的日常饮食。1G设空处是第一段与第二段的承上启下句。第一段说与人合住会出现问题，第二段叙述与他人合住的好处，由此可判断出上下文是转折关系。由此可知G项(然而，和另一个人一起生活也会带来很多好处)符合题意，故选G。2D设空所在的第二段是叙述与他人合住的好处，而且是你没有注意到的，下面会再举一个你没有注意到的好处，第三段提到食品，D项(例如，我们与他人一起生活时，实际上更有可能吃更健康的食物)符合题意，故选D。3E上一段说研究者发现独居的人倾向于吃不健康的食品。接着下一段说“研究人员相信烹饪、食物准备和饮食所扮演的社会和文化角色可能是重要的因素”。由
132、此可知，E项(什么能解释这些发现？)承上启下，符合题意，故选E。4A根据设空后的内容可知，本段说的是独居的人可能吃不健康的食品与缺少烹饪知识有关，因为没有这方面的知识，所以就没有烹饪技巧，不会做饭。分析选项可知A项(烹饪技巧可能是另一个因素)符合题意。故选A。5B设空前的内容“然而，身边有人质疑你在凌晨3点吃冷冻比萨的决定对你是有帮助的。”分析选项可知B项(换句话说，室友可以让你意识到你的不健康的生活方式)是对上文内容的进一步概括，因此B项符合题意。(2019湖南雅礼中学月考)I didnt just read a book in print, on an ereader or even on
133、 a mobile phone. Instead, I read a book on dozens of devices. I was not trying to set a Guinness World Record. I wanted to answer a question I often hear: _1_？ So I set out to try them all, reading a chapter on each：the Amazon Kindle, the first and second generation Apple iPads and mobile phones. To
134、 be fair, I also read a chapter in that oldfashioned forma print book.The book I chose was The Alienist. For the first chapter, I turned to an Amazon Kindle. _2_. The kinder is light. Its sixinch screen is the perfect size for reading, and reading on its blackandwhiteEInk display doesnt harm your ey
135、es. _3_， and on average you charge the device only once a month. My only complaint with the Kindle design was the placement of the keyboard at the bottom of the device.Despite the small screen on a mobile phone, I found reading on one to be simple and satisfactory. _4_， but all of the phones on whic
136、h I read chapters felt somewhat similar.If I had wanted to, I could have bought my book through dozens of ebook apps in the Apple App Store. Most are free and offer access to thousands of free ebooks or paid versions. Both iPads 1&2 offer an immersive (身临其境的) reading experience. I found myself jumpi
137、ng back and forth between my book and the web, looking up old facts and pictures of New York City. _5_.For the last chapters of the book, I read the print one, which is still my favourite choice.Since we are comparing devices, so I guess I need to choose one. In the end it might come down to Kindle.
138、 But if money is tight, go for print. My used print book cost only $4 from Amazon.ABattery life is outstandingBWhich ereader is the best for reading booksCShopping on Amazon for the Kindle is simpleDShould students make use of the devices to readENo wonder a lot of readers also speak highly of itFRe
139、ading on the Amazon Kindle is a joy in many aspectsGThe brightness and size of the mobile phones screen did vary篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过对比不同的阅读设备，说明了Amazon Kindle的可取之处和优势。1B此空是一个问句，答案应在B、D中选择。再根据下文提示“所以我开始尝试用不同的方式阅读每一章，例如，亚马逊Kindle，第一和第二代苹果iPad和手机。”承接下文，B项“Which ereader is the best for reading books (哪种电子
140、阅读器最适合读书)”切题。故选B。2F上文提示“第一章，我选择Amazon Kindle。”设空后提出了一系列Amazon Kindle的优势，由此可知，F项“Reading on the Amazon Kindle is a joy in many aspects (在亚马逊Kindle上阅读在很多方面都是一种乐趣)”切题。故选F。3A根据空格后半句“你平均每月只给设备充一次电”可知，A项“Battery life is outstanding (电池寿命长)”切题。故选A。4G根据空格后半句“但是我在阅读中用到的所有手机感觉有些相似”句中but表示转折，承接下半句，G项“The brigh
141、tness and size of the mobile phones screen did vary (手机屏幕的亮度和尺寸确实有所不同)”切题。故选G。5E上文提示“我发现自己在书和网页之间来回穿梭，查找有关纽约的老故事和老照片。”承接上文，E项“No wonder a lot of readers also speak highly of it (难怪许多读者也对它赞不绝口)”切题。故选E。(2019浙江高考)Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among a
142、ll music groups, they make very different music. _1_ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool.After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in
143、 England. _2_ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends (传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year._3_ The
144、y were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. _4_ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The B
145、eatles were described as a British invasion (入侵) by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. _5_AThey
146、decided on a tour to the United States in 1964.BEven their hairstyles became major trends at that time.CRock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s.DHowever, their songs changed the lives of generations to come.EMany rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles.FThey appe
147、ared in the films A Hard Days Night (1964)and Help！(1965)GThey performed their first concert in America at CBS televisions 53rd street studio.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了甲壳虫乐队的发展与兴盛以及他们对英美摇滚乐的影响。1C空格后面的“At that time”决定了该空一定要出现具体的时间，再根据文章一开始出现的Rock music可知C项为正确答案。2B由空格前一句可知，甲壳虫乐队在当时的英国相当受欢迎。B项“就连他们的发型都成了当时的流行趋势
148、”承接上文。故选B项。3A前面提到甲壳虫乐队在英国特别受欢迎。由空格后一句可知，他们不确定美国人对这种新型的音乐会有什么反应。因此，A项“他们决定在1964年开始他们的美国之旅”符合语境。4G空格后一句中的concert与G项中的concert相呼应。前后两句均在讲音乐会，语意一脉相承。5E设空前陈述甲壳虫乐队为音乐界打开了新局面，E项“许多摇滚乐队紧随甲壳虫的步伐”符合语境。(2019厦门外国语学校高三月考)On December 22, 2016 I landed in the land of the “American Dream”. _1_ Here is one of the thi
149、ngs Ive struggled with during my almost one year in the States._2_ My uncle and aunt joked that I brought rain from Saigon to America. Saigon, where I come from, is the old name of Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. Vietnam is a tropical country where it rains most of the year. Before going to the US, act
150、ually, I had no idea what to expect about its weather, but the big rain on my arrival gave me the first expectation of what the weather here might be like.California is known for having a great climatemore sunshine, cooler in summer and warmer in winter. _3_ However, having been here for a pretty lo
151、ng while now, I have experienced various forms of climate in California._4_ Most of the time I was living in Silicon Valley, where the weather is a bit colder than where I study in Orange County. But I was really surprised to find chilltothebone weather in San Franciscoa big shift from Silicon Valle
152、y in only about an hours drive. How strange!_5_ The worst is that I get a runny nose whenever I wake up in the morning. Because I am allergic to the cold and windy weathers, I keep sneezing badly, and even more badly if I get caught in the cold. I think that my body needs more time to get used to th
153、is climate, but as many people said, I am luckier to be in California where I dont have to fight with extreme weathers as in other states.AI am sensitive to weather change.BSuch strange weather has affected my health.CSo the amount of rain this year is considered unusual.DLAX airport in California w
154、elcomed me with a big rain.ESo I quickly get used to the unchangeable climate in California.FThe weather varies widely depending on where you are in the state.GSince then, I have discovered tons of dilemmas about life in America.篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者从越南初到美国时遇到的困难如何适应美国不同州之间多变的天气。1G空格后“Here is one
155、of the things Ive struggled with during my almost one year in the States.”提到自己到美国后遇到的一个困扰自己一年的困难，由此可以判断出作者初到美国遇到很多困难。故选G。2D根据空格后“My uncle and aunt joked that I brought rain from Saigon to America. (叔叔婶婶开玩笑说我把越南胡志明市的雨带到了美国)”，可以判断出作者到加州洛杉矶国际机场时，美国下雨了。故选D。3C根据空格前“California is known for having a great
156、climatemore sunshine, cooler in summer and warmer in winter. (加州以气候适宜而闻名阳光充足，夏季凉爽，冬季温暖)”，可以判断出美国今年的雨量多的有点反常。故选C。4F根据空格后的内容可知，这里举例仅有一个小时车程的硅谷和圣弗朗西斯科两个州气候差异就很大，由此可以判断出句首是指出天气的变化取决于你所处的州。故选F。5B空格后“The worst is that I get a runny nose whenever I wake up in the morning. Because I am allergic to the cold
157、and windy weathers, I keep sneezing badly, and even more badly if I get caught in the cold.”提到作者自己到美国后经常感冒，由此可以判断出多变的气候影响作者的健康。故选B。(2019南昌NCS20190607项目第一次模拟测试卷)Summer is a great time to hit the beach, but a few East Coast beach goers have recently had their fun in the sun turned into a nightmare. In
158、 July alone, there have been at least five known shark attacks at Carolina beaches. Although shark attacks are actually quite rare, these animals still inspire fear in ocean waters. _1_Skip feeding time._2_ Of course, an attack can happen at any hour of the day or night, but nighttime and its transi
159、tions are statistically the worst times to be in the water. It is believed that the lack of visibility during these hours makes it easier for the sharks to mistake you for one of their typical prey animals._3_You dont need to dump shark repellent (驱鲨剂) into the sea when you swim, but it helps to be
160、less attractive as a target. Since sharks tend to attack individuals, swim or surf in groups. Dont wear brightly colored or highcontrast swimwear that is attractive to sharks, and leave the shiny jewelry at home in case of being mistaken for the scales (鳞片) of a fish. _4_ Playfully splashing (戏水) ar
161、ound resembles sharks prey in trap.Fight back.When a shark wants to eat you, youll know in advance: It will hunch its back, lower its fins, and rush at you in a zigzag pattern. Use your dive knife or anything else youre packing to discourage it. _5_ If you are completely unarmed, punch the sharks su
162、per sensitive nose or stab at its eyes or gills. If the shark bites into you, dont give up. Get aggressive and do some damage to the shark. It might just let go.ADont act like dinner.BDont go into the water individually.CAlso watch your movement in the water.DNevertheless, the following three aspect
163、s could help.EIf you have a surfboard or bodyboard, use it as a shield.FIf you actually get trapped, avoid irregular movements and splashing.GThe time of a day has always been a factor in a possible shark attack on humans.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何躲避和应对鲨鱼的袭击。1D根据下文的内容可知，此空应总领下文，引出下文具体的应对策略，故选D项。2G根据本段小标题
164、“Skip feeding time.”并结合本段的内容可推知，空处引出下文，即关注鲨鱼出没的时间，故选G项。3A根据文章结构及空处所在位置可知，空处为段落小标题；本段主要警示人们在海边游泳时，不要太招摇，以免引起鲨鱼的注意，与选项A呼应，故选A项。4C空前一句讲的是对水中穿戴行为的建议；同时根据空后一句“Playfully splashing (戏水) around resembles sharks prey in trap.”可推知，空处是对水中举动的警示。C项符合语境，而且句中的also也是对上一句的衔接。故选C项。5E根据空后两句中“If”的假设可推知，空处也表示一种情况的假设；结合空后的“If you are completely unarmed”可推知，E项“如果你有一个冲浪板或冲浪趴板，把它当作盾牌”符合语境。
