1、广东省广州市执信中学2019-2020学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）一、单项选择1.Once _ in the forest, we should remain _ we are and wait for help.A. losing; thereB. losing; whereC. lost; thereD. lost; where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查状语从句的省略和名词性从句。句意：一旦在森林里迷路了，我们就应该待在原地，等待救援。Once _ in the forest是一个条件状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同，且含有be动词，所以从句主语连同be动词可以一起省略。b
2、e lost in在中迷路，是固定用法。remain是系动词，后接表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，所以用连接副词where。故选D。2._ that the small village _ him. He knows almost everything about it.A. There is no doubt; is familiar withB. There is no doubt; is familiar toC. It is no doubt; is familiar withD. It is no doubt; is familiar to【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和固定搭
3、配。句意：毫无疑问，这个小村庄对他来说很熟悉。他几乎无所不知。首先固定句型“There is no doubt that”，表示“毫无疑问的是”，所以排除C和D。“be familiar to”意思是“为所熟悉”，主语通常是物。“be familiar with”意思是“熟悉、精通”，主语是人。在这里表示的是村庄对他来说很熟悉，并且主语是物，所以选择 is familiar to。故此题选B。3.A recent survey shows that only a _ of the children do some reading every day, whilemost of them pre
4、fer playing games.A. FewB. littleC. minorityD. majority【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定表达。句意：一项最近的研究表明大多数孩子喜欢玩游戏，只有很小一部分人每天阅读。后面提到了most of them表示“大多数人”，那前面就是说剩下的少数人。a minority of表示“少数人”。故选C项。4.The number of teenagers who commit crimes _ 20% over the past years.A. have been reduced byB. has been reduced byC. have b
5、een reduced toD. has been reduced to【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：过去这些年，青少年犯罪率减少了20%。be reduced to是指“降低到（某个位置、具体数目）”，而be reduced by则是指“降低了（by后面跟降低的具体幅度，通常为百分比）”。这里20%是指程度，不是具体数值，所以这里用be reduced by。句子主语为the number of sth，动词用第三人称单数形式has been reduced by。故选B项。5.Without access to the Internet, they found themse
6、lves _ from the outside world.A. cut offB. cutting offC. cut upD. cutting up【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查短语辨析和非谓语动词。句意：由于无法上网，他们发现自己与外界隔绝了。“cut off”表示“隔断、隔断”；“cut up”表示“切碎”。根据句意可知，这里是表示“与外界隔断了”，所以用cut off。这里是非谓语动词作宾补，宾语themselves和cut off之间为被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。故此题选A。6.It is you rather than he who _ deliver a speech in t
7、he meeting tonight.A. Is going toB. are going toC. was going toD. were going to【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查强调句式和主谓一致。句意：是你而不是他今晚要发表演讲。分析句子结构可知，句中存在强调句式，被强调的主语是you rather than he，谓语动词be going to，主谓之间遵循就远原则，谓语动词与主语you一致，故排除A、C项；结合主句is可知，用一般现在时，因此使用are going to。故选B项。7.Do you know where Tony is?He _ in the living ro
8、om. I saw him there just now.A. shall beB. should have beenC. might have beenD. must be【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你知道Tony在哪里？他一定在客厅。我刚才看到他在那里。 shall用于第二、第三人称，常表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁；should have been 意思为“本应该做，但实际上没有做”；might have done 意思为“可能已经”，表示对过去发生事情可能性的推测。根据语境“I saw him there just now.”可知，说话人是对现在情况作出肯定的
9、猜测；“must+动词原形”可表示对现在情况肯定的猜测，意思为“一定，肯定”。故选D项。8.This is the last factory _ he used to work at, many workers of _ still have a good relationship with him.A. /; itB. which; whomC. /; whichD. which; that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是他过去工作过的工厂，那里的许多工人和他仍保持着良好的关系。这里factory是先行词，the last修饰先行词，故第一空只能用that引导定语从句，因为
10、在定语从句中作介词at的宾语，所以也可以省略；第二空先行词是factory，which在从句中作介词的宾语，引导非限制性定语从句，故选C。9.The companies are working together to create _ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.A. whichB. thatC. oneD. what【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：两家公司正在共同努力，希望创造出21世纪最好的交通工具。此处是宾语从句，they hope是插入语，连接词在从句中做主语，应使用w
11、hat引导，指代事物。故选D。10.The reason _ he didnt come to school on time is _ he had to take care of his sick brother at home.A. That; becauseB. that; thatC. why; becauseD. why; that【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：他没有按时上学的原因是他不得不在家照顾生病的弟弟。第一个空是the reason引导的定语从句，在定语从句中，句子缺少原因状语，所以用关系副词why进行引导表示原因。第二个空是跟在is后的表语从句，从
12、句中成分完整不缺其他含义，这里只需要起引导作用，所以用that。故此题选D。11.Life is like a long race _ we compete with each other to go beyond ourselves.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. what【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：生活就像一场长跑，我们彼此竞争，超越自我。空格后的句子是由a long race所引导的定语从句。在定语从句中，缺地点状语，表示在这场长跑中，所以我们用关系副词where进行引导。故此题选A。12.We should consider students su
13、ggestion _ the school library provide more books on popular science.A. thatB. whenC. whetherD. why【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们应该考虑学生的（关于）学校图书馆（应该）提供更多的科普书籍的建议。分析可知，“the school library provide more books on popular science”应是之前名词“students suggestion”的同位语从句，解释说明其具体内容。此处suggestion 为“建议”含义，其后的同位语从句应是虚拟语气句
14、式，即：从句中的谓语动词要用“（should+）动词原形”的形式，其中should一词可省略。结合从句句子成分结构完整，句意完整，应用that引导从句。故选A项。【点睛】同位语从句的引导词的选择1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略）例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order
15、的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“是否”的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）例：Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加“是否”的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“什么时候”、“什么
16、地点”、“什么方式”等含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。例：I have no idea when he will be back.析：he will be back意义不完整，应加“什么时候”的含义才能表达idea的全部内容，因此应用when引导同位语从句。例：I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike.析：he went home意义不完整，应加“如何”含义才能表达impression的全部内容，因此应用how引导同位语从句。比如本题：We should consider students sug
17、gestion _ the school library provide more books on popular science. A. that B. when C. whether D. why本题中可以根据句意分析得知，空后内容应是之前名词的同位语从句，同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句，即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略。因此该题的答案应是A项。13.Only when he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him.A. he beganB. did he beginC.
18、had he begunD. he had begun【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：只有当他离开家的时候，他才开始知道家庭对他是多么的重要。“only+状语”位于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。根据主句的谓语动词用的是过去时可知，这里也应该用一般过去时，用助动词did。故选B。【点睛】当“only状语”位于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。其中，only后的状语可以是副词、介词短语、从句等。需要注意：1、在only后作状语的是从句时，从句不要用倒装，要部分倒装的是主句。2、only+主语，不倒装。本题only后接时间状语when he left his home，所以用部分倒装。14.The
19、 man _ on the beach is my brother.A. layB. liedC. layingD. lying【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：躺在沙滩上的那个人是我哥哥。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，所以只能用非谓语动词。the man与lie(躺)之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故选D。15. Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _to achieve the final success.A. being doneB. doC. to be doneD. to do【答案】C【解析】【详解
20、】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们有一个好的开端，但是下一步需要做更多的工作达到最后的目标。分析句子可知，主语work与do是被动关系，故排除B、D项；need doing或need to be done都表示：需要被做 ，故A项错误，故选D。16.It rained heavily in the south, _ serious flooding in several provinces.A. causedB. causingC. having causedD. to cause【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：南方下了大雨，在几个省份造成了严重的洪水。这里用现在分词的一般式作结果状
21、语，表示由因rain heavily造成果causing serious flooding，动作同时发生。故选B。【点睛】不定式和现在分词均可用结果状语，但两者用法有区别：现在分词用作结果状语，通常表示一种自然的结果，即属预料之中的事；不定式用作结果状语，主要表示没有预料到的情况或结果，即属预料之外的事。本题用现在分词作结果状语，表示下大雨自然所带来严重的洪水，从而判断出答案。17._ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountains and stopped _ the beautiful scenery.A. Tiring; to
22、admireB. Tiring; admiringC. Tired; admiringD. Tired;to admire【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词用法和固定词组。句意：累的上气不接下气，我们到达山顶停下来欣赏美丽的风景。第一空 tiring 表示“让人累的”，物做主语，tired 表示“累的”，人做主语。第一空其逻辑主语是 we ，故用 tired。 固定词组 stop to do sth 表示“停下来做另外一件事情”，stop doing sth 表示“停止做某事”。这里指我们到达山顶之后停止爬山去欣赏风景，用 stop to do sth。故选D项。18.I found it
23、no use _ to persuade him to give up smoking.A. TryB. to tryC. tryingD. having tried【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动名词及其固定用法。句意：我发现劝他戒烟是没有用的。find it no use doing sth为固定用法，表示“发现做某事没用/只是白费力气”，由此可以排除A和B；这里it做形式宾语，真正的宾语是trying to persuade him to give up smoking这件事情。题目并没有强调try这个动作和主句动作find之间的先后顺序，所以不需要用完成时态，排除D项。故选C项。19.
24、The manager insisted on _ on time.A. his finishing the taskB. he finishing the taskC. him to finish the taskD. him finish the task【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动名词复合结构。句意：经理坚持要他按时完成任务。insist one s on doing sth.坚持做某事。表示“坚持某人做某事”。为动名词的复合结构。故选A。20.She has much working experience. _, we consider her the best candidate
25、 for the job.A. HoweverB. OtherwiseC. ThereforeD. Instead【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她有很多工作经验。因此，我们认为她是这项工作的最佳人选。A. However然而；B. Otherwise否则；C. Therefore因此；D. Instead代替。根据空前后的句意，两句话之间在逻辑上为因果关系，therefore 意为“因此, 所以”，符合逻辑关系。故选C项。二、阅读理解ACHRONOLOGICAThe Unbelievable Years that Defined HistoryDID YOU KNOW.In
26、 105 AD paper was invented in China?When Columbus discovered the New World?The British Museum opened in 1759?CHRONOLOGICA is a fascinating journey through times, from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the Internet. Along the way are tales of kings and queens, hot air balloonsand monkeys in s
27、pace.Travel through 100 of the most unbelievable years in world history and learn why being a Roman Emperor wasnt always as good as it sounds, how the Hundred Years War didnt actually last for 100 years and why Spencer Perceval holds a rather unfortunate record.CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and amu
28、sing tour into history, beautifully illustrated and full of unbelievable facts. While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great, this book also gives an account of the lives of lesser-known individuals including the explorer Mungo Park a
29、nd sculptor Gutzon Borglum.This complete but brief historical collection is certain to entertain readers young and old, and guaranteed to present even the biggest history lover with something new!21. What is CHRONOLOGICA according to the text?A. A science fictionB. A travel guideC. A history bookD.
30、A biography22. How does the writer recommend CHRONOLOGICA to readers?A. By giving details of its collectionB. By introducing some of its contentsC. By telling stories at the beginningD. By comparing it with other books23. What can be inferred about CHRONOLOGICA in the text?A. It mainly concentrates
31、on well-known people.B. Its intended for young readers only.C. It helps make clear some historical facts.D. Its style is likely to be serious and formal.【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要从多方面介绍了CHRONOLOGICA这本书的特点。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This complete but brief historical collection is certain to ent
32、ertain readers young and old, and guaranteed to present even the biggest history lover with something new!”这本完整而简短的历史典藏一定会让老少读者感到愉悦，并保证向最忠实的历史爱好者呈现一些新的东西!可知CHRONOLOGICA是一本历史书。故选C项。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Travel through 100 of the most unbelievable years in world history and learn why being a Roman Emper
33、or wasnt always as good as it sounds” 穿越世界历史上最令人难以置信的100年，了解一下为什么罗马皇帝并不像听起来那么好。以及第三段中“While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great, this book also gives an account of the lives of lesser-known individuals including the explorer Mungo
34、Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum.” CHRONOLOGICA讲述了Thomas Edison和Alexander the Great等历史名人的故事，同时该书还介绍了探险家Mungo Park和雕塑家Gutzon Borglum等鲜为人知的人的生活。可知作者是通过介绍书里的内容，向读者推荐这本书的。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and amusing tour into history, beautifully illustrated and full of unbelievab
35、le facts.” CHRONOLOGICA是一次充满历史意义的有趣旅行，其插图精美，且充满令人难以置信的事实。可知，这本书有助于弄清楚一些历史事实。故选C项。BOne of the most inspiring quotes I ever heard was by Brian Tracy. He said: “The difference between successful people and unsuccessful people is that successful people fail many more times than unsuccessful people.” I p
36、ersonally experienced its wisdom right after my first book was published. Like many authors, I expected hundreds of bookstore customers lining up for me to sign copies for them. Im afraid to say, it didnt quite happen like that.My first signing was arranged at the largest book store in the city. Fil
37、led with anticipation, I was put into a private signing room in the beautiful store. However, not a single customer entered the room. As each minute passed, I became increasingly anxious.After 90 minutes of long waiting I was absolutely distraught.For the four years writing the book. I had felt a se
38、nse of mission and purpose like never before in my life. Working a full 8-hour day in my clinic. I had to get into bed by 9:30 pm every day, so I could wake up at 5:30 in the morning and have two hours of writing before heading into my clinic. Before I ever began each writing session, I would close
39、my eyes for 10 minutes and then whisper, “Please grant me the words to touch just one persons life.”Now sitting there alone at my first book signing, I wondered if my entire life wasnt just a big joke. At that moment, just when I couldnt feel any worse, a middle-aged couple walked into the room. I m
40、anaged to hide my emotions and introduced myself and my book. The couple turned to each other, and the husband nodded to his wife. She then told me, “I think well get the book.”“Were buying it,” she said hesitantly, because we lost our son two years ago. Maybe your story will help us get over it.”At
41、 that moment, I knew if I never sold another copy of the book, my four years of writing it had served its purpose. Although I would have many more challenging years until my book caught on and sold well, this couples story was all the motivation I needed at that point to keep me moving ahead.24. The
42、 writer quotes Brian Tracy to stress the importance of _A. wisdomB. successC. confidenceD. persistence25. The underlined word distraught in Paragraph 3 probably means _A. upset and disappointedB. cheerful and proudC. bored and impatientD. hopeful and eager26. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?A.
43、 The writer had to quit his job to make time for his writing.B. The writer was not sure about the purpose of his writing at first.C. The writing was completed with great self-discipline and efforts.D. The process of writing the book was full of pains and frustration.27. Why does the author say “my f
44、our years of writing it had served its purpose” in the last paragraph?A. Because he had succeeded in selling the first book to the couple.B. Because he had managed to touch someones life with his book.C. Because he was quite satisfied with the feedback of his readers.D. Because he had found someone
45、who appreciated his writing.【答案】24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文章中回忆了自己在成功之前，所经历的困难，一对中年夫妻给作者提供了继续前进的动力，也从中诠释了那句名言“成功者和失败者的区别是，成功者比失败者要经历更多的失败”的意义。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“He said: “The difference between successful people and unsuccessful people is that successful people fail many more times th
46、an unsuccessful people.” I personally experienced its wisdom right after my first book was published.(他说：“成功者和失败者的区别是，成功者比失败者要经历更多的失败。”就在我的第一本书出版之后，我亲身体验到了这种智慧。)”以及下文讲述中年夫妻给作者提供了继续写作的动力可推断，作者引用布莱恩特雷西的名言是为了强调坚持的重要性。故选D。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“As each minute passed, I became increasingly anxious.(随着时间的流逝
47、，我变得越来越焦虑。)”和前句“After 90 minutes of long waiting”可知，作者又经过90分钟的长时间等待，仍然没有顾客来。可以猜测作者完全心烦意乱。所以distraught为“心烦意乱”之意。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“I had felt a sense of mission and purpose like never before in my life. Working a full 8-hour day in my clinic. I had to get into bed by 9:30 pm every day, so I cou
48、ld wake up at 5:30 in the morning and have two hours of writing before heading into my clinic. (我有一种前所未有的使命感和目标感。在我的诊所工作8个小时，我每天必须在晚上9:30上床睡觉，这样我就可以在早上5:30起床，在去诊所之前有两个小时的写作时间。)”可推断，写作是在极大的自律和努力下完成的。故选C。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Were buying it,” she said hesitantly, because we lost our son two years ago.
49、Maybe your story will help us get over it.” (“我们买下它，”她犹豫地说，“因为两年前我们失去了儿子。也许你的故事能帮助我们克服这一困难。”)可推断，作者说他四年的写作也达到了它的目的，是因为他的书触及了某人的生活。故选B。CThe arm bones of women who lived 7,000 years ago show a surprising level of strength-even higher than todays professional athletes. Thats according to a first-ever s
50、tudy comparing prehistoric(史前的) bones to those of living people. The finding suggests a revision of history- the everyday lives of prehistoric women were filled with hard labor, rather than just sitting at home doing lighter tasks while the men struggled and fought for life.“Before the study, there
51、are no clear records describing how our ancient ancestors lived. It can be easy to forget that bone is a living tissue, one that responds to the difficulties we put our bodies through,” said lead author Alison Macintosh. “Physical force and muscle activity both put pressure on the bone. The bone rea
52、cts by changing in shape, thickness and other aspects over time.”Previous studies only compared female bones to contemporary male bones, the researchers said-and thats a problem, because the response of male bones to stress and change is much bigger than that of women. For instance, as humans moved
53、from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle constantly on the move to a more settled agrarian(农耕的) one, changes can be observed in the structure of the shinbone(胫骨)- and these changes were much more evident in men.However, a comparison of the bones of prehistoric women to the bones of living female athletes ca
54、n help us work out a more accurate picture of what those prehistoric women were doing. By analyzing the bones of living people and comparing them to the ancient bones, we can start to explain the kinds of labor our ancestors were reforming, Macintosh said. What they found was that womens leg strengt
55、h hasnt changed a great deal, but their arms used to be very powerful. Prehistoric women, the researchers found, had arm strength 11-16 percent stronger than those of modern rowers(桨手), and 30 percent stronger than those of non-athletes.28. What does the study tell about prehistoric women?A. They we
56、re stronger than men.B. They had lighter bones than men.C. They did tough tasks as the men.D. They spent most time staying at home.29. What problem did previous studies on prehistoric bones have?A. They lacked enough comparison.B. They only studied men s bones.C. They focused little on bones.D. They
57、 ignored the lifestyles.30. What does the underlined word that in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Bones structure.B. Bones thickness.C. Bones response to stress.D. Bones stress from hard labor.31. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A Its still hard to explain our ancestors lifestyle.B. Prehistoric wo
58、men went through much suffering.C. Womens arms have become much stronger over time.D. Prehistoric women are stronger than contemporary females.【答案】28. C 29. A 30. C 31. D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。根据一项针对7000年前生活的女性骨骼研究显示，这些史前女性的手臂力量大于如今的女性。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段The finding suggests a revision of history- the everyd
59、ay lives of prehistoric women were filled with hard labor, rather than just sitting at home doing lighter tasks while the men struggled and fought for life.得知研究发现史前女性所从事的体力劳动和男性一样艰苦。故选C。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段Previous studies only compared female bones to contemporary male bones, the researchers said-and
60、 thats a problem,得知问题是：此前的研究只是将女性骨骼和男性骨骼对比，但这种方法很可能低估了女性的工作强度，可以推断出缺乏比较。故选A。【30题详解】词义猜测题。根据because the response of male bones to stress and change is much bigger than that of women.得知男性骨骼相对于女性骨骼来说对压力作出的反应更明显，前后在对比the response of bones to stress。故选C。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Prehistoric women, the researche
61、rs found, had arm strength 11-16 percent stronger than those of modern rowers, and 30 percent stronger than those of non-athletes.得知研究发现史前女性比现代女性更强壮。故选D。【点睛】小题4属于推理判断题中的：根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不
62、能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。答案定位：根据Prehistoric women, the researchers found, had arm strength 11-16 percent stronger than those of modern rowers, and 30 percent stronger than those of non-athletes.得知研究发现史前女性比现代女性更强壮。推理关系：题干What can we learn from the last par
63、agraph?文章内容Prehistoric women, the researchers found, had arm strength 11-16 percent stronger than those of modern rowers, and 30 percent stronger than those of non-athletes.答案： D选项Prehistoric women are stronger than contemporary femalesDLast summer, two nineteenth-century cottages were rescued from
64、remote farm fields in Montana, to be moved to an Art Deco building in San Francisco. The houses were made of wood. These cottages once housed early settlers as they worked the dry Montana soil; now they hold Twitter engineers.The cottages could be an example of the industrys unusual love for “low te
65、chnology”, a concept associated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanship（手艺）that exists long before the Internet era. Low technology is not virtual (虚拟的) so, to take advantage of it, Internet companies have had to get creative. The rescued wood cottages, fitted by band in the late e
66、ighteen-hundreds, are an obvious example. Other companies are using a broader interpretation（阐释）of low technology that focuses on nature.Amazon is building three glass spheres filled with trees, so that employees can “work and socialize in a more natural, park-like setting.” At Googles office, an en
67、tire is carpeted in glass. Facebooks second Menlo Park campus will have a rooftop park with a walking path.Olle Lundberg, the founder of Lundberg Design, has worked with many tech companies over the years. “Our tech engineers are the ones who feel impoverished, because theyre surrounded by the digit
68、al world,” he says. “Weve found that introducing real crafts is one way to regain their individual identity.”This craft-based theory is rooted in history. William Morris, the English artist and writer, turned back to pre-industrial arts in the eighteen-sixties, just after Industrial Revolution. The
69、Arts and Crafts movement defined itself against machines. “Without creative human occupation, people became disconnected from life.” Morris said.Research has shown that natural environments can restore our mental abilities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe”, taking walks through wo
70、ods to lower their blood pressure.These health benefits apply to the workplace as well. Rachel Kaplvin, a professor of environmental psychology, has spent years researching the restorative effects of natural environment. Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office - even simp
71、le views of trees and flowers - felt their jobs were less stressful and more satisfying. If low-tech offices can potentially benefit the brains and improve the mental health of employees then, fine, bring on the cottages.32. The writer mentions the two nineteenth-century cottages to show that _A Twi
72、tter is having a hard timeB. Old cottages are in need of protectionC. Early settlers once suffered from a dry climate in MontanaD. Internet companies have rediscovered the benefits of low technology33. Low technology is regarded as something that _A. is related to natureB. is out of date todayC. cos
73、umes too much energyD. exists in the virtual world34. The writers attitude to “low technology” can best be described as _A. CriticalB. positiveC. worriedD. doubtful35. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Past Glories, Future DreamsB. The Virtual World, the Real ChallengeC. High-tech Compan
74、ies, Low-tech OfficesD. The More Craftsmanship, the Less Creativity【答案】32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C【解析】本文为一篇说明文。这篇短文讲述的是关于现代科技公司运用“大自然对人们创造力产生作用”的理念，积极创设原生态的办公环境。这里提到的低科技指的是工业化之前的建造技术，它更贴近自然。在自然的办公环境下，职员们不会感到有压力，对他们的健康是有好处的。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段now they hold Twitter engineers.（现在，Twitter工程师在里面工作）和第二段The cot
75、tages could be an example of the industrys unusual love for “low technology”（这些小屋可能是行业对“低技术”不寻常热爱的一个例子。）互联网公司管理人员发现了“低技术”的好处，才会喜爱这个原生态的村舍。由此推断出，作者提到这两幢19世纪的村舍是为了表明，互联网公司重新发现了低技术的好处。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。第二段中的The cottages could be an example of the industrys unusual love for “low technology”, a concept as
76、sociated with the natural world, and with old-school craftsmanshipthat exists long before the Internet era.(这些小屋可能是该行业对“低技术”的非常热爱的一个例子，这是一个与自然世界相关的概念，与互联网时代之前就存在的老派工艺有关。)可以判断出，“低科技”跟大自然有关，即在一个天然的环境下。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。作者引用了一项研究Research has shown that natural environments can restore our mental abiliti
77、es. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forest-bathe”, taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure.(研究表明自然环境可以恢复我们的智力。在日本，人们鼓励病人“森林浴”，在树林中散步以降低血压。)来说明自然环境对我们精神上的有利影响。所以我们可以推断出作者对于“低技术”的态度是积极的。故选B。【35题详解】主旨大意题。这篇文章中作者告诉我们，现代的高科技公司需要有创造力，要充分的利用以前的低技术，创设更加原生态的办公环境。文中第三段与第四段举例，现代高科技的办公室运用
78、“low technology”。且“low technology”是文章的中心词。故用C项High-tech Companies Low-tech Offices(高科技的公司，低技术的办公室)作为题目是最合适的。故选C。三、阅读补全Last summer over 12,000 fans were at Wembley Arena in London, shouting and cheering. Thousands more were watching online. _36_ It was e-sports, or competitive computer gaming.Million
79、s of people in the UK play computer games for fun. Some of them have become professional gamers, playing games as their full-time job. _37_ They practice for ten or more hours a day, five or six days a week. They do exercises like typing something and trying to type it faster and faster. They also s
80、tudy videos of other players and plan ways to beat them._38_ Are players athletes? Some say no. E-sports players dont need to run, jump, throw or do big physical actions. At the moment, the UK government classifies e-sports as kinds of games, not as sports.But others say yes: e-sports are sports. Pl
81、ayers do need some physical skills, especially hand-eye coordination, reflexes, accuracy and timing. If darts, snooker and shooting are classified as sports, then perhaps e-sports should be too._39_ And they will be an official medal sport in the Asian Games starting from 2022. Next step: the Olympi
82、cs?For many e-sports fans and players, though, the most important thing is that e-sports are growing in popularity and importance. _40_A. But are e-sports really sports?B. All like playing computer games.C. Its not easy being a professional gamer, though.D. But this wasnt a football, basketball or t
83、ennis match.E. It is certain that e-sports will come into the 2024 Olympics.F. In fact, China and South Korea do classify e-sports as sports.G. If e-sports are not as important as sports now, they definitely will be in the near future.【答案】36. D 37. C 38. A 39. F 40. G【解析】本文为说明文。电子竞技的火爆已成为现实，但溯本清源，关于
84、电子竞技究竟应该怎么定位和归类的问题，各方依然秉持不同的观点。【36题详解】根据空格后的It was esports, or competitive computer gaming.(这是一场电脑游戏竞技比赛。)可知，D项：But this wasnt a football, basketball or tennis match.(但这不是足球、篮球或网球比赛。)符合文意。故选D。【37题详解】根据空格后的They practice for ten or more hours a day, five or six days a week.(他们每天练习长达10小时或之上，每周5到6天。)可知，
85、这些专业游戏家们很辛苦，不容易。C项：Its not easy being a professional gamer, though.(不过，做一个职业玩家并不容易。)符合文意。故选C。【38题详解】根据空格后的提问与回答Are players athletes? Some say no. At the moment, the UK government classifies esports as kinds of games, not as sports.(电竞比赛选手是运动员吗？英国政府把这种电竞分类为游戏比赛而不是体育。)可知，句首提问电竞是否是运动。故选A。【39题详解】根据空格后的A
86、nd they will be an official medal sport in the Asian Games starting from 2022.可知，亚奥理事会宣布电子竞技在 2022 年杭州亚运会上成为正式比赛项目。F项：In fact, China and South Korea do classify e-sports as sports.(事实上，中国和韩国确实将电子竞技归类为体育运动。)是下文杭州亚运会把电竞列为正式比赛项目的原因。故选F。【40题详解】根据空格前的the most important thing is that esports are growing i
87、n popularity and importance.(电竞比赛越来越流行、越来越受重视。)可知，G项：If e-sports are not as important as sports now, they definitely will be in the near future.(如果电竞不像运动那么重要，在不久的将来也一定会)是对上文电竞趋势的进一步说明。故选G。四、完形填空On June 23 1970, I had just left the Army after completing my one-year duty in Vietnam. I was on _41_ retu
88、rning home in Texas. I had been warned about the _42_ of our fellow countrymen. There was no _43_ welcome for us when we came home from that unpopular war.I sat, in uniform, in a window seat, _44_ eye contact with my fellow passengers. No one was sitting next to me, which added to my _45_. A little
89、girl suddenly appeared in the passage. She _46_ and, without saying a word, _47_ handed me a magazine. I accepted her _48_, her quiet “welcome home”. All I could say was, “Thank you.” Her small gesture of _49_ was the first I had experienced in a long time.I always believe in the connection between
90、_50_ when they reach out to come another.That girl _51_ has no memory of what happened years ago. She might have been told to do that by her mother. It doesnt matter _52_ she gave me the magazine. The _53_ thing is that she did.Since then, I have followed her _54_ and tried in different ways for dif
91、ferent people, to _55_ for them. Like me on that plane ride long ago, they will _56_ know why a stranger gave a hand. But I absolutely know that my _57_ since then are all because of that little girl. Her kindness of offering a magazine to a _58_, scared and lonely soldier has been _59_ all through
92、my life. I have to believe that my small _60_ have the same effect on others. And to that girl , now a woman, I would like to say again: thank you.41. A. busB. trainC. planeD. boat42. A. storiesB. difficultiesC. unfriendlinessD. enthusiasm43. A. hometownB. schoolC. coldD. immediate44. A. seekingB. n
93、oticingC. keepingD. avoiding45. A. prideB. lonelinessC. angerD. excitement46. A. smiledB. listenedC. turned aroundD. bent down47. A. naturallyB. proudlyC. shylyD. worriedly48. A. offerB. donationC. accompanyD. contact49. A. invitationB. sympathyC. agreementD. inspiration50. A. soldiersB. strangersC.
94、 familiesD. girls51. A. similarlyB. finallyC. immediatelyD. undoubtedly52. A. whenB. howC. whyD. where53. A. memorableB. satisfactoryC. importantD. valuable54. A. instructionB. guidanceC. adviceD. example55. A. do the sameB. find a seatC. get things readyD. pass a magazine56. A. alwaysB. neverC. hap
95、pilyD. obviously57. A. feelingsB. ideasC. modelsD. attempts58. A. busyB. youngC. excitedD. tired59. A. acceptedB. spreadC. honoredD. ignored60. A. actionsB. benefitsC. contributionsD. sacrifices【答案】41. C 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. A 49. B 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. C 54. D 55. A 56. B 57. D
96、58. D 59. B 60. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文，作者参加了越南战争，在从越南回到美国Texas的飞机上，没人坐在作者身边，他感到孤独冷落。但一个小女孩的行为让作者非常感激。从那时起，他相信他的小小行为会对别人也有同样的效果，因此以不同的方式去温暖不同的人。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我当时在回德克萨斯州的家的飞机上。A. bus公共汽车；B. train火车；C. plane飞机；D. boat小船。根据I had just left the Army after completing my one-year duty in Vietnam. I was on _1_ret
97、urning home in Texas.可知，作者在从越南回美国Texas的路上，从Vietnam回到Texas当然要坐飞机。故选C。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾被警告过我们同胞的不友好。A. stories故事；B. difficulties困难；C. unfriendliness不友好；D. enthusiasm热情。根据下文when we came home from that unpopular war.可知，我们在打完不受欢迎的战争回国时，我们同胞对我们会不友好。故选C。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：家乡不欢迎我们。A. hometown家乡；B. schoo
98、l学校；C. cold冷；D. immediate立刻。根据when we came home from that unpopular war.可知，我们在打完不受欢迎的战争回国时，家乡不欢迎我们。故选A。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我穿着制服，坐在靠窗的座位上，避免和其他乘客的目光接触。A. seeking寻找；B. noticing注意到；C. keeping保持；D. avoiding避免。根据上文There was no _3_ welcome for us when we came home from that unpopular war.可知我们打了败仗，回国时同胞们不欢
99、迎我们，由此可推断出此处表示作者因羞愧而避免与他人目光接触。故选D。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没人坐在我身边，这让我感到孤独。A. pride骄傲；B. loneliness孤独；C. anger生气；D. excitement兴奋。根据上文No one was sitting next to me可知没人坐在作者身边，所以作者感到孤独。故选B。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个小女孩突然出现在走廊，她微笑着，一句话也没说，害羞地递给我一本杂志。A. smiled微笑；B. listened听；C. turned around转过身；D. bent down弯腰。根据空后的
100、without saying a word及handed me a magazine可知小女孩没有说话递给我一本杂志，在作者孤独地一个人坐着的时候，小女孩表现出善意，可推理知她此时是在微笑，故选A。【47题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个小女孩突然出现在走廊，她微笑着，一句话也没说，害羞地递给我一本杂志。A. naturally自然地；B. proudly自豪地；C. shyly害羞地；D. worriedly担心地。根据下文her quiet “welcome home”(她轻声的“欢迎回家”)可以推测小女孩害羞地做出动作。故选C。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我接受了小女孩的杂志
101、和她轻声的“欢迎回家”。A. offer提供；B. donation捐款；C. accompany陪伴；D. contact接触。根据上文handed me a magazine可知作小女孩递给我一本杂志，由此可推断此处表示作者接受她的供应（offer）。故选A。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她那小小的同情是我很久以来第一次经历的。A. invitation邀请；B. sympathy同情；C. agreement同意；D. inspiration鼓舞。根据上文No one was sitting next to me可知，没有人愿意坐在我旁边，因此小女孩的举动使作者体验到长时间没有过
102、的同情。故选B。【50题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当陌生人互相接触的时候，我总是相信陌生人之间的联系。A. soldiers士兵；B. strangers陌生人；C. families家庭；D. girls女孩。A little girl suddenly appeared in the passage. Shehanded me a magazine可知一个陌生的小女孩出现在过道并且给作者一本杂志。由此可推断此处表示陌生人（strangers）之间的联系。故选B。【51题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那个女孩无疑对几年前发生的事情没有记忆。A. similarly相似地；B. final
103、ly最后；C. immediately立刻；D. undoubtedly毋庯置疑地。根据what happened years ago可知作者认为毫无疑问这个小女孩对这件事没有记忆。故选D。【52题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：她给我杂志的原因并不重要。A. when当时候；B. how怎样；C. why为什么；D. where在哪里。根据上文She might have been told to do that by her mother.(可能是她母亲让她这么做的)可知这是小女孩这么做的原因。承接上文，此句说明“她为什么这么做并不重要”。故选C。【53题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：重
104、要的是她做了。A. memorable难忘的；B. satisfactory满意的；C. important重要的；D. valuable有价值的。根据上文It doesnt matter(不重要)可知此句承接上文，表明“重要的是”。故选C。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我就以她为榜样。A. Instruction指示；B. guidance指导；C. advice建议；D. example榜样。根据下tried in different ways for different people可知作者要以小女孩为榜样，学习她帮助比人。故选D。【55题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句
105、意：尝试以不同的方式对不同的人，为他们做同样的事情。A. do the same同样地；B. find a seat找到一个座位；C. get things ready把事情准备好；D. pass a magazine 传递一本杂志。根据上文followed her example(以她为榜样)可知作者要和她做同样的事。故选A。【56题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：就像很久以前我在飞机上一样，他们永远不会知道为什么一个陌生人会伸出援助之手。A. always总是；B. never从来没有；C. happily高兴地；D. obviously明显地。根据下文But I absolutely kn
106、ow(但我肯定知道)可以判断此句表明别人从不知道，never符合语境，故选B。【57题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我绝对知道，从那以后，我的努力都是因为那个小女孩。A. feelings情感；B. ideas主意；C. models模型；D. attempts努力。根据上文followed her example(以她为榜样)可知作者努力学习她帮助别人。attempts(努力)符合语境，故选D。58题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她把一本杂志给一个疲惫、恐惧和孤独的士兵的好意在我的一生中传播。A. busy忙碌的；B. young年轻的；C. excited兴奋的；D. tired劳累的
107、。根据文章第一句I had just left the Army after completing my one-year duty in Vietnam可知作者在越南完成了一年的服役任务，刚刚离开军队，由此可知作者是“疲惫的”。故选D。【59题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把一本杂志给一个疲惫、恐惧和孤独的士兵的好意在我的一生中传播。A. accepted接受；B. spread传播；C. honored荣幸；D. ignored忽视。根据下文all through my life(在我的一生中)可知此处说明她的善意对作者影响很大，在一生中传播（spread）。故选B。【60题详解】考查名
108、词词义辨析。句意：我必须相信，我的小小行为对别人也有同样的效果。A. actions行动；B. benefits利益；C. contributions贡献；D. sacrifices牺牲。根据上文followed her example可知作者以她为榜样，做出帮助别人的行动（actions)。故选A。五、写作 (满分 15 分)61.请你用英语给 21 世纪英文报写一份香港著名记者闾丘露薇的简介。【写作内容】1.闾丘露薇，(Lvqiu Luwei)英文名 Rose，身高 165cm,1965 年出生在上海2.1992 年获得复旦大学哲学系(Philosophy)学士(Bachelor)学位,1
109、995 年移居香港。3.1997 年 6 月加入凤凰卫视(Phoenix Television)，成为凤凰卫视第一批有经验的新闻记者。4.对工作充满热情，全情投入到新闻工作中，曾采访报道过许多重大国际事件5.2001 年 11 月，她是第一位成功进入伊拉克(Iraq)进行战地采访的华人女记者，获得胡锦涛主席的赞扬。【写作要求】1.词数 100 左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】Born in Shanghai in 1965, Lvqiu Luwei, a famous journalist with her English name Rose, isabout 165cm
110、 in height. After getting a bachelors degree of Philosophy at Fudan University in1992, she settled in Hongkong in 1995. Two years later she joined Phoenix Television and became one of the first experienced TV journalists. Enthusiastic about her job, she concentrated her attention on journalism, cove
111、ring and reporting many major international events. Lvqiu Luwei was thefirst Chinese female reporter to cover the Iraq war in November, 2001, which was even spoken highly of byPresident Hu Jintao.【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本篇要求考生根据提示，用英语给 21 世纪英文报写一份香港著名记者闾丘露薇的简介。【详解】体裁：说明文时态：根据提示，时态应以一般过去时为主要求：1.闾丘露薇，(Lvqiu L
112、uwei)英文名 Rose，身高 165cm,1965 年出生在上海2.1992 年获得复旦大学哲学系(Philosophy)学士(Bachelor)学位,1995 年移居香港。3.1997 年 6 月加入凤凰卫视(Phoenix Television)，成为凤凰卫视第一批有经验的新闻记者。4.对工作充满热情，全情投入到新闻工作中，曾采访报道过许多重大国际事件5.2001 年 11 月，她是第一位成功进入伊拉克(Iraq)进行战地采访的华人女记者，获得胡锦涛主席的赞扬。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）be born in/ in height/ degree/ settle in/ move to/
113、 experienced/ be enthusiastic about/ cover/ speak highly of第三步：连词成句1. Born in Shanghai in 1965, Lvqiu Luwei, a famous journalist with her English name Rose, isabout 165cm in height. 2. After getting a bachelors degree of Philosophy at Fudan University in1992, she settled in Hongkong in 1995. 3. Two
114、years later she joined Phoenix Television and became one of the first experienced Tv journalists. 4. Enthusiastic about her job, she concentrated her attention on journalism, covering and reporting many major international events. 5. Lvqiu Luwei was thefirst Chinese female reporter to cover the Iraq
115、 war in November, 2001, which was even spoken highly of byPresident Hu Jintao.第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些高分句型，例如：Born in Shanghai in 1965, Lvqiu Luwei, a famous journalist with her English name Rose, isabout 165cm in height.中使用了过去分词作状语；Lvqiu Luwei was thefirst Chinese female reporter to cover the Iraq war in November, 2001, which was even spoken highly of byPresident Hu Jintao.中which引导非限制性定语从句。
