1、Section_Grammar 现在完成时语法图解探究发现Its been six years since we last saw each other, you know.And this is the first time Ive visited your hometown.Ive seen quite a lot of China and Ive visited some beautiful cities.But this is one of the most attractive places Ive been to.Theyve put up a lot of highrise bu
2、ildings recently.My wifes just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there.Xiao Li has lived in Xiamen all his life.The family have lived in the town for twenty years.Up to now, Ive understood everything the teacher said.He has gone to the Great Wall.我的发现(1)现在完成时的构成是：have/has过去分词。(2)由例句可知，现
3、在完成时可与 since 引导的时间状语从句连用。(3)由例句可知，现在完成时可与时间状语recently,_just, all his life, for_twenty_years,_up_to_now 连用。(4)由例句可知，have/has_been_to 表示“曾经去过(某地)”；have/has_gone_to 表示“已经去了(某地)，去而未归”。一、现在完成时的基本概念现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，强调过去的动作对现在的影响。现在完成时与现在有关，属于现在时态。二、现在完成时的构成肯定句主语have/has过去分词.否定句主语have/has not过去分词.疑问句Have/Has
4、主语过去分词.？被动句主语have/has been过去分词.即时演练1按要求改写句子They have built another hospital in the area.They havent_built another hospital in the area, yet.(否定句)Have_they_built another hospital in the area？(疑问句)Another hospital has_been_built (by them) in the area.(被动句)三、现在完成时的基本用法1“完成用法”：表示动作在说话时已经完成(可不指出动作发生的确切时间
5、)，但对现在产生某种后果或影响。常与ever, recently, before, so far, up to now, till now, in the past years, these days等时间状语连用。Tom has made much progress in his learning of Chinese.汤姆在汉语学习方面取得了很大的进步。Have you ever been to the West Lake?你曾经去过西湖吗？2“未完成用法”：表示动作发生在过去，并且一直持续到现在，甚至还可能继续下去，这时常和“since点时间状语(名词、短语、从句)”或“for段时间状语
6、”连用。We have lived here since 1994.自1994年以来我们一直住在这里。I have taught in this school for 30 years.我在这所学校任教了30年。3在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作。I wont believe it until I have seen it with my own eyes.直到我亲眼见到才相信。He will come as soon as he has finished his work.他一做完工作就会来。即时演练2(1)选词填空：for, sinceMy aunt has work
7、ed in Australia for 15 years.Margaret is in her office. She has been there since 7 oclock.Mike has been ill for a long time. He has been in hospital since October.(2)翻译句子你在这里住了多少年了？How_many_years_have_you_lived_here?吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。Jim_has_finished_his_homework_already._He_is_free_now.直到公交车停下了才能下车。Do
8、nt_get_off_the_bus_until_it_has_stopped.我们已在这儿逗留了三个星期。Weve_stayed_here_for_three_weeks.四、现在完成时难点突破1现在完成时与瞬时性动词瞬时性动词也可以有现在完成时，但是不可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用；必须与表示时间段的状语连用时，要用相应的延续性动词来代替。即时演练3单句改错Lucy has arrived here for five days.arrivedbeenHe has borrowed the book for two years.borrowedkeptThey have made frien
9、ds since they went to college.madebeen2现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时强调对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，落脚点在现在一般过去时着重说明动作发生在过去，强调动作本身，落脚点在过去We have visited the school.我们参观过这所学校。(说明现在对这所学校有所了解)We visited the school last week.我们上周参观了这所学校。(只说明上周参观学校这个动作)She has lived in Paris for twenty years.她在巴黎住了20年了。(可能刚搬走，还可能继续住下去)She lived i
10、n Paris for twenty years.她在巴黎住了20年。(现在已经不在那里住了)即时演练4(1)用所给词的适当形式填空He received (receive) a letter from his mother yesterday.Shanghai was (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it has_become (become) a large city.(2017全国卷)I have_grown (grow) not only physically, but also mentally in the past few
11、 years.You speak very good French!Thanks. I studied (study) French in Sichuan University for four years. (2)对比翻译她在这所学校任教20年了。(可能刚调走，还可能继续教下去)She_has_taught_in_this_school_for_twenty_years.她曾在这所学校任教20年。(现在已经不在那里任教了)She_taught_in_this_school_for_twenty_years.3现在完成时的三种常用句型(1)It is/has been 一段时间since从句(
12、从句用一般过去时)It is/has been seven years since Tom started learning English.汤姆学习英语已经有七年时间了。(2)This/That/It is the first/second/. time (that) sb. have done sth.“这是某人第一/二/次做某事”。Its the first time (that) the boy has spoken to a foreigner.这是这个男孩第一次同外国人说话。(3)在“This/That/It is the 形容词最高级名词that从句”结构中，that从句要用现在
13、完成时态。This is the best film that Ive ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。.单句语法填空1Mr Li is not at home. He has_gone (go) to Shanghai.2This is the first time that she has_visited (visit) the Great Wall.3The three of us traveled (travel) around Europe for about a month last summer.4This is the most interesting party
14、that I have_enjoyed (enjoy)5A lecture on the computer has_been_given (give) three times by Mr. Zhang already.6The unemployment rate in this district has_fallen (fall) from 6% to 5% in the past two years.7Miss Green taught (teach) us English last year. She has_taught (teach) us for about 2 years.8Mr.
15、 Brown has_made (make) a lot of friends since he came (come) to work in New York two years ago.9He joined (join) the army two years ago. In other words, he has_been (be) a soldier for two years.10It is ten years since I left (leave) my hometown, but it is still in my mind.完成句子1We have_been_friends s
16、ince we were_very_young.我们从很小的时候就是好朋友。2Over the years, we have_developed_a_good_friendship with each other.最近几年，我们已经互相培养了良好的友谊。3We have_learned_2,000_English_words so far.到目前为止，我们已学了2 000个英语单词了。4Please return the book to me when you have_finished it.你看完这本书后请还给我。5He has_lived_in_the_city for three ye
17、ars, and he has_made_a_lot_of_new_friends.他在这个城市住了三年了，并且交了许多新朋友。6We havent_decided when to discuss the problem again.我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。7He left_his_hometown five years ago and no one has_seen_him ever since.他五年前离开了家乡，从此之后没有人见过他。8Whatever the result is, we should accept it with a smile, because we ha
18、ve_tried_our_best. 无论结果怎样，我们都要微笑着接受，因为我们已经尽了全力。.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Here are the information about Manchester University. It
19、 is about 200 miles away from London, and it has the very big schoolyard. You can live in the school or near the school. It has all sorts of course. Im sure you will find one you like it. I know you are particularly interesting in human rights. So I will see that there is anything on their website.
20、Ill send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport when you arrived. You met him a few years ago, but he had changed a lot since then. Both your aunt or I look forward to seeing you again.答案：第一句：areis第二句：thea第四句：coursecourses第五句：去掉it第六句：interestinginterested第七句：thatif/whether第八句：meet前加to; arrivedarrive第九句：hadhas第十句：orand
