1、考点分类导练根据上下文猜测生词的含义是考生必须掌握的一项重要阅读技能，因此，词义猜测题是高考阅读理解的必考题型。这类题包括猜测单词、短语、句子的意思和判断指代内容。词义猜测题猜测词语意思要求考生根据语境猜测生词、短语或句子的意思，或者推断熟词生义。题干中常含有mean，is closest in meaning to，refer to，be replaced by等。这类题在广东高考最近八年来,每年考查12个小题。技巧点拨1.根据接近或递进关系：由and或or等可确定生词的义域，推知它的大致意义。2.根据选择或相对关系：对比or(要么，或者)前面和后面的句子或词语，来猜测生词的含义。解答这类试
2、题最重要的方法是理解含生词部分的上下文(也就是人们常说的语境)来推测其意思。以下是可供参考的几个小技巧：3.根据同位或解释关系：通过生词后的定语(定语从句或分词短语等)、表语、同位语、逗号、括号、破折号等的解释说明来推测其意思。4.根据转折或对比关系：由上下句之间的转折或对比关系来推测词义。5.根据因果关系：根据前后的因果关系来推断其中的某个生词或短语的意思。既可由因推果，也可由果推因。6.根据列举的实例：根据such as，for example等后列举的实例也可推测出前面某个词语的意思。7.根据并列同类关系：一般说来,并列的几个事物应属同类事物,由此可推测其中一个的大概意思。考题中若要求我
3、们猜测熟悉词语的意思,我们必须通过上下文得出其在特定场合下的特殊意思,那些常规含义的选项不会是要选择的正确答案。注意：经典例题 (2011广东)Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home?People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight.A recent research has found a new recipe of success.According to
4、 the study，if the cat is adopted before the dog，and if they are introduced when still young(less than 6 months for cats，a year for dogs)，it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly.Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.31
5、.The underlined word“swimmingly”in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to_.A.earlyB.sweetlyC.quicklyD.smoothly解析：本文首句以疑问句Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home?开头，接着就是与此相关的调研结果或回答；由表明研究结果的句子“A recent research has found a new recipe of success”和调查结果的句子“Two-thirds of the homes interv
6、iewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog”可知，两种宠物是可以“相处得好”的，故选D。即时练习47.The underlined word“remedy”(in Paragraph 1)is closest in meaning to_.A.avoidB.acceptC.improve D.considerC 据上文推测。由上文，你没有能力也不可能“改变the(bad)situation”，然而“你可以remedy the situation”，根据这种转折的逻辑关系可推出，remedy应是“改善”之意。A
7、.formed an idea for B.made an outline forC.made some space for D.chose some colors for47.The underlined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably means _.A 据近义推测。上下句是SomeOthers句式，while we conjured up our designs的对应部分是while deep in thought，可见conjured up是deep in thought的近意表达，意为“思考、构想”，故选A。A.interestB.distan
8、ceC.differenceD.separation41.The underlined word“gulf”in Para.3 most probably means _.C 据近义或反义推测。因Music was not the only gulf与上段末句是递进关系，可见gulf与gap是近义关系；这里是回忆过去与现在(文章首段)的对比，可见这里的gulf与文章首段首句中的alike和same是反义关系，因此，gulf的意思是“差异(difference)”。A.state-owned houses B.houses in very good condition C.grand houses open to the public D.houses where statesmen meet regularly44.The underlined phrase“stately homes”in Paragraph 4 means _.C 由与之并列的and museums 及后面作目的状语的不定式短语to see some of the finest examples of clocks from the past可知，选C。
