1、第四节形容词和副词考向分析热考点语法填空集中于比较级，形容词变副词。短文改错集中于比较级应用不当，形容词、副词应用不当。新考向2019年高考英语强化了对副词的考查。全国卷短文改错中区分了形近副词hard和hardly的含义，全国卷短文改错中考查了so修饰形容词，并区分了副词修饰副词含义，即too much 和very/so much的区别。题型一关于形容词和副词的语法填空1Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements，leading t
2、o the illusion(错觉) that populations are (high) they actually are.(2019全国)答案higher解析考查形容词的比较级。根据其后的“than they actually are”可知，此处用形容词的比较级，故填higher。2According to a review of evidence in a medical journal，runners live three years (long) nonrunners.(2018全国)答案longer解析考查副词的比较等级。句中的than是比较级的标志，故填long的比较级lon
3、ger。3That makes her baby scream，and then a 400pound male appears.He screams (loud) .(2018全国)答案loudest解析考查副词的比较等级。由空前的the以及空后的of all可知要用最高级。4There could be an even (high) cost on your health.(2018浙江)答案higher解析考查形容词的比较级。“副词even比较级”表示“更”，强调程度。5. (bad)，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.(20
4、17全国)答案worse解析考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用比较级形式。even worse更糟的是，可以看作固定搭配。6Sixteen years (early)，Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.(2017浙江)答案earlier解析考查副词的比较级。sixteen years earlier意为“早在16年前”。提示词为形容词或副词，根据语境和句意，如果不需要改变词性和含义的话，则需要填该词的比较级或者最高级。 1比较级的标志词填空处后有than，用比较级。如果有as，则用原级。填空处前有e
5、ven，much，far，rather，a little，bit及倍数 (twice，three times)等，用比较级。2最高级的标志词填空处后有of all/among等表范围，用最高级。填空处前有one of the，the序数词，定冠词the，则用最高级。3固定句型the比较级.，the比较级.越越比较级and比较级 越来越否定词比较级最高级“(倍数)as原级as”结构more thanadj.表示“非常”4比较级最高级的不规则变化good/wellbetterbestbadworseworstbadlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelesslea
6、stfarfartherfarthest (指距离)/farfurtherfurthest (指距离和抽象概念)1It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been (poor) studied.(2019全国)答案poorly解析考查副词用法。根据句意和句子结构分析可知，此处副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied。故填poorly。2Her years of hard work have (final) been acknowledg
7、ed after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.(2019全国)答案finally解析考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。3They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were (huge) popular with tourists.(2019全国)答案hugely解析考查副词。空格处
8、单词修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词形式为hugely，故填hugely。4A dogs eating habit requires regular training before it is (proper) established.(2019天津)答案properly解析考查副词。句意为：在狗的饮食习惯被正确地建立之前，需要定期的训练。此处用副词修饰动词establish，故填 properly。5When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings，car drivers can (e
9、asy) see them.(2019浙江)答案easily解析考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处所给词修饰动词see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy的副词形式，故填easily。6A taste for meat is (actual) behind the change.(2018全国)答案actually解析考查词性转换之形容词变副词。修饰动词用形容词actual的副词形式actually。7Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been (fair) unpleasant for the pas
10、sengers，with all the smoke and noise.(2017全国)答案fairly解析考查词性转换之形容词变副词。所填词修饰形容词unpleasant，故用fair的副词形式fairly。8It is (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. (2017全国)答案certainly解析考查词性转换之形容词变副词。此处应该用副词来修饰形容词fun，故填形容词certain的副词形式certainly。1根据句意和句子结构，判断是填形容词还是副词。原则唯一：形容词修饰名词或者代词副词修饰动词、形容词或者副词2如果
11、确定需要填副词，要注意形容词变副词的规律。一般情况：直接加lyquickquicklybravebravelyimmediateimmediately大多数“辅音字母e”结尾的形容词直接加ly unfortunateunfortunatelyabsoluteabsolutelyattractiveattractively“辅音字母y”结尾的形容词要变y为i再加lyhappyhappilyheavyheavilysteadysteadily以al结尾的形容词，变副词直接加ly typicaltypicallyeventualeventuallyoccasionaloccasionallynorm
12、alnormallygradualgradually“辅音字母le”结尾的形容词，去e加ysimplesimplygentlegentlycomfortablecomfortablypossiblepossiblyreasonablereasonablyprobableprobably特殊 truetruly以ll结尾只加yfullfullydulldully以ic结尾加allybasicbasicallyscientificscientificallyautomaticautomatically特别注意wholewhollyshyshylydrydrylygoodwellhard既是形容词又
13、是副词 hardly是副词意为“几乎不”fair adj.公平的，头发浅色的，皮肤白的，美丽的，相当的n.集市fairly adv.相当地，公平地，竟然以ly结尾的形容词：friendly，lovely，lively，lonely，deadly，likely，monthly，yearly，daily，weekly，neighbourlyOn our way to the house，it was raining hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there.(2019全国)答案so解析考查副词。句
14、意为：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们禁不住想还要多久才能到达那里。so.that.意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。1.形容词修饰名词或者代词。2.副词修饰动词、形容词或者副词本身。3.尤其关注“soadj./adv.that”句型。题型二关于形容词和副词的短文改错1First，I wanted to be a fireman，whose uniform so coolly.(2019全国) 答案coollycool解析考查形容词的用法。句中的“looked(看起来样)”为系动词，系动词后需用形容词作表语。故将coolly改为cool。2What I want i
15、s not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.(2019全国)答案ordinarilyordinary解析考查形容词的用法。修饰名词cafe，应用形容词。ordinarily 是副词。故把 ordinarily改为 ordinary。3I happily that their life had improved.(2018全国)答案happilyhappy解析考查形容词作表语。句意为：他们的生活得到了改善，我感到很高兴。feel为系动词，应该用形容词作表语，故将happily改为happy。4Immediate，I raised my
16、 hand. (2018全国)答案ImmediateImmediately解析考查副词的用法。放于句首，作状语修饰整个句子，要用副词。故将Immediate改为Immediately。5It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road. (2017全国)答案suddenlysudden解析考查形容词的用法。此处stop是名词，修饰名词需用形容词，故将suddenly改为sudden。6I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes
17、，playing pop music，and collecting the latest music albums. (2017全国)答案differencedifferent解析考查形容词的用法。此处应用形容词修饰名词kinds。故将difference改为different。1原则唯一：形容词修饰名词或者代词。副词修饰动词、形容词或者副词本身。2系动词之后要用形容词作表语，不能用副词。3更正时，一定注意形容词变副词的规律。1I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground.(2019全国)答案hardlyhard解
18、析考查副词。“hard(用力地，猛力地，猛烈地)”与“hardly(几乎不；几乎没有)”都为副词，但是词义不同。本句句意为：我挡住足球，并用力地将它踢回操场。由句意可知，此处表示“用力地”，应用hard。故将hardly改为hard。2Then，when I was in the fifth grade，I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much.(2019全国)答案tooso/very解析考查副词。句意为：在五年级的时候，因为我非常喜欢我的英语老师，所以我想成为一名老师。“so/very much”
19、表示“非常”；“too much”表“太多”。此处表示“我非常喜欢我的英语老师”，应用so much 或very much。故将too改为very/so。3A few minutes late，the instructor asked me to stop the car.(2017全国)答案latelater解析词法错误。“一段时间later”表示“多长时间之后”，是固定用法。故将late改为later。4Beside，they often get some useful information from the Internet. (2017全国)答案BesideBesides解析词法错误
20、。此处表示“此外，而且”，应用副词besides。beside在旁边，为介词。故将Beside改为Besides。1hard adj.坚硬的，困难的，努力的adv.努力地；艰难地；用力地，猛力地，猛烈地hardly adv.几乎不；几乎没有2late adj.迟到的；晚的adv.晚；迟later adv.后来，之后。“时间段later”表示“多久之后”。lately adv.最近recentlylatest adj.最近的3beside在旁边besides此外，而且1One was that I was amazed at the fact that a sick person could f
21、eel much more better after seeing a doctor.(2019全国)答案删除more解析考查形容词的比较级。句中better为well(健康；身体好)的比较级形式，多音节的形容词或副词构成比较级用“more加形容词或副词”，所以more不能与better连用。故删除more。2I was afraid to speak in front of a larger group of people. (2018全国)答案largerlarge解析词法错误。由语境可知，前后没有比较的意味，用原级。故将larger改为large。1两者比较用比较级，三者或三者以上用最高
22、级。2一些词没有比较等级：favorite，perfect，excellent，superior。增分训练增分单句训练.单句语法填空1Internet users have (broad) welcomed the move，saying this is a blessing for Chinese students who want to enter Cambridge.(2019四川成都七中三诊)答案broadly解析此处应该用副词修饰动词welcome，所以用broadly。2They are pretending to keep a healthy and wise attitude
23、toward failure (simple) because theyre incapable of succeeding. (2019人大附中第三次调研)答案simply解析此处需要副词修饰整个原因状语从句。simple变成副词需要去e加y，故填simply。3“I think AI is going to be (great) important for what we do，” said Jon Snoddy，an official of the entertainment company.(2019山东枣庄三模)答案greatly 解析此处需要修饰形容词important，所以需要用
24、副词形式，即greatly。4Just take a look at a recent study where researchers found that the front pockets on womens jeans are 40 percent (short) and 6.5 percent narrower than those on mens.(2019辽宁二中四模)答案shorter 解析根据后面的than及and 后面的平行结构narrower可知，此处应该用比较级，故填shorter。5China has splendid culture with a long histo
25、ry.Chinese opera is one of the (old) dramatic art forms in the world.(2019湖北十堰模拟)答案oldest解析第二句句意为：中国戏曲是世界上最古老的戏剧艺术形式之一。此处是“one of the最高级名词复数”结构。所以此处用最高级oldest。6However，it could lead to a much (deep) understanding of how we all remember the world around us.(2019河北辛集中学三模)答案deeper解析a much deeper unders
26、tanding一个更深入的了解，much用来修饰deep的比较级。故填deeper。7Scullin found students who slept more performed (well) in two different classes，and he published his findings in two academic publications last November.(2019山东青岛一模)答案better解析句意为：斯卡利林发现，睡眠较为充足的学生在两个不同的课程中表现得更好，并且在去年11月，他在两份学术刊物上发表了自己的研究结果。由“more”可知，这实际上是睡眠较
27、为充足的学生与睡眠不足的学生在课程表现中的对比，所以用well的比较级better。8I made lifelong friends and had many (last) memories.(2019宁夏石嘴山三中三模)答案lasting解析此处需要用形容词修饰名词memories。last可以由动词变为形容词lasting，表示“持久的”。.易错练习1. Honolulu has (many) pedestrians hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in America.答案more 解析由than可知，用many的比较级more。
28、2 (sure) red will always be a beloved color for designers，and red shoes have also become a choice for many supermodels.答案Surely解析 副词修饰整个句子，故填Surely。3The (easy) way to get involved in Red Nose Day is to wear a red nose!答案easiest 解析句意为：参加红鼻子日最简单的方法就是戴上红鼻子。根据the以及句意可知应填形容词最高级easiest。4Cornwall has its o
29、wn treasures toopretty villages and towns such as St Ives and Mousehole line the coastline，and make for the perfect locations to spend those (relax) summer afternoons!答案relaxing解析修饰summer afternoons用ing形容词，故填relaxing。.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1Every time I see it，I will feel proudly as I am Chinese.(2019四川双流中
30、学三模)答案proudlyproud解析feel为系动词，后面需要用形容词作表语。所以要把proudly 改为proud。2I have a little difficulty in English.But I will study hardly to improve it if I have an opportunity to go to your university.(2019山东滕州二中模拟)答案hardlyhard解析考查副词。“hard(努力地)”与“hardly(几乎不；几乎没有)”都为副词，但是词义不同。本句句意为：如果我有机会进入你的大学，我将努力学习提高英语。故将hardl
31、y改为hard。3Among 100 students surveyed，we can see differently students have different ways to get rid of pressure.(2019四川成都七中三诊)答案differentlydifferent解析此处需要用形容词修饰名词students，所以把differently 改成different。4Jinan may neither be as industrialized as Shanghai nor as historical as Beijing.But Jinan for me is a
32、 true wonderful city.(2019河水衡水中学联考)答案truetruly解析此处需要用副词修饰形容词wonderful。true变副词为特殊变化，即truly。5Network has changed the way we live and makes our life easy than before.(2019辽宁实验中学模拟)答案easyeasier解析后面有than，需要用比较级，所以把easy 改为easier。6When we went to high school together，she didnt study very much hard.(2019辽源田
33、家炳高级中学六模)答案删除much解析此处very修饰hard，much 多余，语意重复，故删除。7If one wants to know or study Chinese culture more deeply，he or she must spend much time.答案muchmore 解析句意为：如果一个人想更深入地了解或研究中国文化，他或她必须花更多的时间。根据条件状语从句中more deeply可知，主句中much应该用比较级。故much改为more。8I was amazed at the brightness of the tropical fish，the beauty
34、 of the sea horses as good as the power of the shark.(2019云南曲靖沾益四中三模)答案goodwell解析句意为：我吃惊于热带鱼的艳丽、海马的美丽以及鲨鱼的力量。此处是as well as“也，此外”，为固定词组。增分写作训练形容词、副词在写作中的应用1To be honest，I have once won first prize in the Oral English Competition，which，as a consequence，proves my ability.(2019全国)Honestly speaking，I hav
35、e once won first prize in the Oral English Competition，which consequently proves my ability.2As far as I am concerned，you are more competitive than anyone else，which will be of benefit to us.(2019全国)As far as I am concerned，no one can be more competitive than you，which will be beneficial to us.3Ther
36、e will be all kinds of performances，including Chinese music and pop music made by the teenagers，which will leave a deep impression on the audience.(2019全国)There will be various performances，including traditional Chinese music and original pop music made by the teenagers，which will definitely be impr
37、essive.强化练(六).语法填空A(2019湖南六校联考)Twentyfive years ago，most young British people wanted a career in law，to be a doctor，or to take up singing.But today，things stand 1. (different)According to a recent survey，the “dream job” of young people 2. (age) between 16 and 25 in the UK is a video blogger，or “vlog
38、ger(视频博主)”The survey，carried out among 1,002 people，found that over 40% of them put vlogger as their number one choice on a list of dream 3. (career)The change is largely due to the rapid development of information technology (IT)The Internet and social media have made it 4. (easy) and more convenie
39、nt to reach a global audience，without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.“In the past，the biggest stars 5. (make) by the Hollywood studios；now，anyone with a computer camera may become a star，” said Phil Samuels,6. expert from the UK.“From fashion to comedy，these selfmad
40、e stars interact online with their fans about everyday life.”However，what people see 7. (be) only the bright side of being a vlogger and they ignore the fact 8. only those who are successful can gain fame and fortune.Actually,9. every success there are a hundred others who never get off the starting
41、 block.This is why some young people still show 10. (prefer) for traditional jobs.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。如今，随着信息技术的发展，年轻人最理想的职业是“网红”。其实，他们忽视了这样一个事实：在“网红”成功的背后，更多的是没有成功的人。1答案differently解析考查副词。空处修饰动词stand，故用副词形式。2答案aged解析 考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，动词age和其逻辑主语young people之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作后置定语。3答案careers解析考查名词的单复数。caree
42、r为可数名词，且结合该句中的“a list of”可知，此处表示多种职业，故用career的复数形式careers。4答案easier解析 考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“and more convenient”可知，空处与之并列，也用比较级。5答案were made解析考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“In the past”可知，此处描述发生在过去的事，故用一般过去时；根据该句中的“by the Hollywood studios”可知，该句主语the biggest stars和动词make之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；主语为复数形式，故用were made。6答案
43、an解析 考查冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一位来自英国的专家”，故用不定冠词；expert的发音以元音音素开头，故用an。7答案is解析考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，该句主语为“what people see”，是what引导的主语从句，故谓语动词用单数；该句句意为：然而，人们所看到的仅是视频博主光鲜的一面，忽视了只有成功者才能得到名气和财富这一事实。根据句意可知，该句陈述的是一般事实，故用一般现在时，故填is。8答案that解析考查同位语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，说明抽象名词“fact”的具体内容，故用that引导该同位语从句。9答案for解析考查介词。“实
44、际上，对于每个成功者而言，有上百名其他人还没有起步”。根据语境可知，此处应用介词for“对来说”。10答案preference解析考查词形转换。分析该句结构可知，空处作及物动词show的宾语，故用名词形式。该句句意为：这就是一些年轻人仍然喜欢传统工作的原因。B(2019山西太原阶段性测评)In the past few years，more than half of bookstores in China have closed down,11. is the result of the 12. (compete) with online bookstores.But the success
45、of Sisyphe Bookstore，one of the 13. (big) privatelyowned bookstore chains in China，may serve14. a great example.15 (found) in 1993，Sisyphe started to transform and upgrade its business in 2009 to seek its profitability.Now，it not only devotes itself to 16. (sell) books，but combines the functions of
46、the bookstore，cafe and the sale of 17. (create) cultural products.Sisyphe opens its bookstores in shopping malls in order to take advantage of the large number of consumers of shopping malls to sell its books，and it also 18. (able) people to enjoy spending time reading and drinking coffee.In return，
47、bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls，so 19. is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.So far，the government 20. (offer) tax reduction for bookstores to encourage the development of physical bookstores.Perhaps it is early to say the boom of physical bookstores has
48、come，but definitely，we see the turning point to them.11答案which解析考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，所以用which引导该从句。12答案competition解析考查词形转换。根据语境以及空前的定冠词“the”可推知，此处应用compete的名词形式competition，表示“竞争”。13答案biggest解析考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的“one of the”和空后的“bookstore chains in China”及语境可推知，此处应用big的最高级形
49、式。14答案as解析考查固定用法。serve as用作，充当，为固定搭配，此处表示西西弗书店是一个很好的例子。15答案Founded解析考查非谓语动词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，found与其逻辑主语Sisyphe之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作状语。16答案selling解析考查非谓语动词。devote oneself to sth.“致力于某事”中的to为介词，介词后面应接动名词形式，故填selling。17答案creative解析考查词形转换。修饰名词应用形容词，故用creative修饰其后的“cultural products”，表示“创造性的文化产品”。18答案enables解
50、析考查动词的时态、主谓一致及词形转换。句意为：它也使人们能够享受阅读和饮用咖啡的时光。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处需要谓语动词；根据上文中的“opens”可知，此处应用一般现在时，且空前的主语“it”是第三人称单数，所以填enables。19答案it解析考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处动词不定式为真正的主语，故用代词it作形式主语。20答案has offered解析考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。so far为现在完成时的标志，且根据语境可知，offer与其主语the government为主动关系，所以此处应填has offered。.短文改错21(2019江西三名校联考)A woman
51、 was in a business trip.She stayed in a big and comfort hotel.But every day，she had lots of meetings to attend to，which made her very tiring.One Saturday afternoon，she decided to sunbathe to relax.So she went to the top of the hotel in her swimsuit and lay down on roof.After about an hour of sunbath
52、ing，she heard someone come up to the roof.It is the manager of the hotel.He said，“Excuse me，Miss，but do you mind sunbathe somewhere else？” “Why？” the woman asked，“Im on the top of the hotel.Everybody can see me！” The man answered，“Thats true，and you are lying on the window above the dining room.All
53、of the guest can see you right above them！”答案A woman was a business trip.She stayed in a big and hotel.But every day，she had lots of meetings to attend to，which made her very .One Saturday afternoon，she decided to sunbathe to relax.So she went to the top of the hotel in her swimsuit and lay down on
54、roof.After about an hour of sunbathing，she heard someone come up to the roof.It the manager of the hotel.He said，“Excuse me，Miss，but do you mind somewhere else？” “Why？” the woman asked，“Im on the top of the hotel. can see me！” The man answered，“Thats true， you are lying on the window above the dinin
55、g room.All of the can see you right above them！”22(2019内蒙古呼和浩特调研)An opening week held in our school last week so that we could show a great achievements we made in art education.The art works exhibition went on from Monday to Friday，exhibit the excellent art works，such as paper cuts，paintings and fl
56、ower arrangements.Both of the art works were created by the students of our school.That attracted the public most was the singing and dancing performances in Friday afternoon.All these activities draw the close attention of the public and parents as well，receiving high praises from the public.Throug
57、h these activity，the public has a better understanding of our school.As a result of，we all think that the opening week was of great successful.答案An opening week held in our school last week so that we could show great achievements we made in art education.The art works exhibition went on from Monday
58、 to Friday， the excellent art works，such as paper cuts，paintings and flower arrangements. of the art works were created by the students of our school. attracted the public most was the singing and dancing performances Friday afternoon.All these activities the close attention of the public and parent
59、s as well，receiving high praises from the public.Through these ，the public has a better understanding of our school.As a result of，we all think that the opening week was of great .阅读理解(2019天津十二所重点中学联考二)Tiny microbes(微生物) are at the heart of a new agricultural technique to manage harmful greenhouse g
60、as emissions.Scientists have discovered how microbes can be used to turn carbon dioxide emissions into soilenriching limestone(石灰石)，with the help of a type of tree that grows in tropical areas，such as West Africa.Researchers have found that when the Iroko tree is grown in dry，acidic soil and treated
61、 with a combination of natural fungi(霉菌) and other bacteria，not only does the tree grow well，it also produces the mineral limestone in the soil around its roots.The Iroko tree makes a mineral by combining Ca from the earth with CO2 from the atmosphere.The bacteria then create the conditions under wh
62、ich this mineral turns into limestone.The discovery offers a new way to lock carbon into the soil，keeping it out of the atmosphere.In addition to storing carbon in the trees leaves and in the form of limestone，the mineral in the soil makes it more suitable for agriculture.The discovery could lead to
63、 reforestation(重新造林) projects in tropical countries，and help reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere in the developing world.It has already been used in West Africa and is being tested in Bolivia，Haiti and India.The findings were made in a threeyear project involving researchers from the U
64、niversities of Edinburgh，Granada，Lausanne and Delft University of Technology.The project examined several microbiological methods for locking CO2 as limestone，and the Irokobacteria way showed the best results.Work was funded by the European Commission under the Future&Emerging Technologies(FET) sche
65、me.Dr Bryne Ngwenya of the University of Edinburghs School of GeoSciences，who led the research，said，“By taking advantage of this natural limestoneproducing process，we have a lowtech，safe，readily employed and easily operating way to lock carbon out of the atmosphere，while improving farming conditions
66、 in tropical countries.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现在艾罗科树的帮助下，微生物可以用来将二氧化碳转化为石灰石，这种方法可以用来处理温室气体。23The passage is mainly introducing .Asome useful natural fungi and bacteriaBa new way to deal with greenhouse gas emissionsCa newlyfound tree in West AfricaDthe soilenriching limestone created by scientists答案B解
67、析主旨大意题。根据第一段首句可知，微生物是管理有害温室气体的农业新技术的核心，本文介绍的就是利用这种新技术处理温室气体的方法，故B项正确。24Which of the following is TRUE about tiny microbes?AMost tiny microbes like living in dry，acidic soil.BCO2 can be broken down by natural fungi and bacteria.CThe more greenhouse gas is，the more active tiny microbes become.DTiny mi
68、crobes get along well with the Iroko tree in special soil.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，当艾罗科树生长在干燥、酸性的土壤中并经过天然真菌和其他细菌的组合处理后，它不仅生长良好，还会在根部周围的土壤中产生矿物质石灰石，由此可知，在某种特殊的土壤中，艾罗科树能够和微生物相处得很好，故D项正确。25What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?ACarbon dioxide. BCarbon.CSoil. DLimestone.答案C解析代词
69、指代题。根据画线词前的“In addition to storing carbon in the trees leaves and in the form of limestone，the mineral in the soil makes”可知，除了在树叶和石灰石中储存碳外，土壤中的矿物质使土壤更适合农业生产，由此可知，it指代的就是前面提到的“土壤”，故C项正确。26According to the passage，what can we infer?AThe action of the tiny microbes can increase the oxygen in the earth.
70、BResearchers have done the experiment on trees in Africa for three years.CResearchers tend to use natural power to solve their problem.DWest Africa is one of the most polluted areas all over the world.答案C解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The project examined several microbiological methods for locking CO2 as limest
71、one，and the Irokobacteria way showed the best results.”可知，该项目研究了多种将二氧化碳锁定为石灰石的微生物方法，其中艾罗科树和微生物的方法效果最好，再结合最后一段内容可知，研究人员倾向于使用自然力量来解决温室气体的问题，故C项正确。27According to the passage，the Irokobacteria method .Acan be used to improve the farming landBcan save a lot of seriously destroyed woodsChas been populariz
72、ed in Bolivia，Haiti and IndiaDshould be spread all around the world in the future答案A解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中Dr Bryne Ngwenya的话可知，通过利用这种天然的石灰石生产过程，我们有了一种低技术、安全、易于操作的方法锁定大气中的碳，同时改善热带国家的农业条件，由此可知，这种方法能够用于改善耕地，故A项正确。.完形填空(2019四川成都毕业班摸底测试)In April 1952，I was 11 years old and in the sixth grade at an elementary sc
73、hool.My teacher was Miss Pemberton.It was spelling bee time in our citystudents were issued with brochures of words to study in 28 for the class spelldowns(比赛)They would lead to a schoolwide contest and 29 qualification for the citywide spelling bee，where school 30 competed for the 31 of being the s
74、pelling champion of Houston.The day 32 the class spelling bee，my youngest brother was playing with matches and 33 set a fire in our apartment.My mother made sleeping arrangements for all of us and 34 the school in the morning to inform Miss Pemberton of the accident， 35 that the class spelling bee w
75、as that day.When I arrived at school，Miss Pemberton 36 me aside.She asked if I wanted her to 37 the spelling bee to another day because of my 38 about the fire.I told her no.That day，I won the spelling bee for my class.The next week was the school spelling bee，with class champions 39 .I won again! T
76、he 40 spelling bee was one month away. Every Sunday afternoon，Miss Pemberton would pick me up，and we would go to her house，where she would help me 41 by calling out spelling words.After a couple of 42 ，Miss Pemberton would 43 me to Rettigs icecream parlor，where I could 44 a hot chocolate sundae(圣代冰激
77、凌) which Id never had.We practiced every 45 until the citywide spelling bee.I did not win the citywide spelling bee，but I still felt 46 to have participated.I also felt grateful that I had such a 47 teacher in elementary school.28A.need BexchangeCpreparation Dreturn答案C解析根据该句中的“students were issued w
78、ith brochures of words to study in for the class spelldowns(比赛)”可知，老师给学生们分发了单词手册，以便他们为班级拼字比赛做准备。in preparation for为固定搭配，意为“为做准备”，故C项正确。29A.actual BfinalChopeful Dlucky答案B解析根据该句中的“They would lead to a schoolwide contest and qualification for the citywide spelling bee”可知，班级比赛后便是校级比赛，最后选出参加市级比赛的合格人选。B项
79、意为“最后的”，符合语境。30A.students BparticipantsCwinners Dteams答案C解析结合该句中的“where school competed for the of being the spelling champion of Houston”可以判断，学校的获胜者们将为休斯敦市拼字比赛的冠军荣誉而竞争。C项意为“获胜者”，符合语境。31A.prize BbenefitCfame Dhonor答案D解析参见上题解析。honor荣誉，符合语境，故D项正确。prize奖励；benefit好处；fame名声。32A.before BafterCduring Dfor答
80、案A解析根据语境可知，在参加班级拼字比赛的前一天，“我”最小的弟弟在家里玩火柴意外地引发了一场火灾。A项意为“在以前”，符合语境。33A.stupidly BsuccessfullyCshortly Daccidentally答案D解析参见上题解析。accidentally意外地，偶然地，符合语境，故D项正确。stupidly愚蠢地；successfully成功地；shortly不久，很快。34A.visited BcalledCemailed Dwrote答案B解析 “我”妈妈安排好我们睡觉的地方，第二天早上就打电话将这次事故告诉了Pemberton老师。B项意为“打电话”，符合语境。35A
81、.believing BhopingCknowing Dtelling答案C解析“我”妈妈在告诉老师这次事故时知道了班级的拼字比赛就在那天。know知道，了解，符合语境，故C项正确。36A.pulled BdroveCleft Dhelped答案A解析根据该句“When I arrived at school，Miss Pemberton me aside.”并结合下文内容可知，Pemberton老师在“我”到学校时将“我”拉到一边，询问“我”的情况。pull拉，符合语境。37A.call off Btake offCput off Dsend off答案C解析根据上下文可知，此处指老师问“我
82、”是否想让她把拼字比赛推迟到另一天，因为我对那场火灾的烦恼。put off推迟，符合语境。38A.upset BcuriosityCdoubt Danger答案A解析参见上题解析。upset意为“不痛快，烦闷”，符合语境，故A项正确。39A.waiting BcompetingCwinning Dapplying答案B解析根据语境可知，下一周校级拼字比赛上，所有班级的获胜者参与竞争(compete)，故B项正确。第一段最后一句中的“competed”亦是提示。40A.schoolwide BcitywideCnationwide Dworldwide答案B解析根据上文的“the citywid
83、e spelling bee”和下文的“until the citywide spelling bee”可知，此处表示市级拼字比赛一个月后进行。citywide全市范围的，故B项正确。41A.review BrememberClearn Dpractice答案D解析根据该句中的“by calling out spelling words”和下文中的“We practiced”可知，Pemberton老师帮助“我”练习(practice)，故D项正确。42A.minutes BhoursCdays Dweeks答案B解析根据语境可知，此处指在练习几个小时后，Pemberton老师会将“我”带到R
84、ettig冰激凌店。hour小时，故B项正确。43A.rush BdragCtake Dsend答案C解析参见上题解析。take sb.to some place为固定搭配，意为“将某人带到某地”，故C项正确。44A.order BuseCmake Denjoy答案D解析在Rettig冰激凌店“我”可以享用(enjoy)从来没有品尝过的一种热巧克力圣代冰激凌。故D项正确。45A.weekend BafternoonCmoment Dnight答案A解析根据该段第一句中的“Every Sunday afternoon”，再结合该句“We practiced every until the citywide spelling bee.”可知，我们每个周末(weekend)都练习，直到市级拼字比赛。故A项正确。46A.proud BwelcomeCdisappointed Dsurprised答案A解析根据后文的“I also felt grateful.”可推知，尽管“我”没有在市级拼字比赛中获胜，但是“我”仍然为参加了这次比赛而感到骄傲。proud自豪的，骄傲的，故A项正确。47A.successful BpatientCprofessional Dcaring答案D解析由全文内容可知，此处指“我”对有这样一位关心他人的(caring)小学老师充满感激，故D项正确。
