1、不定式由“to+do(动词原形)”构成,其否定形式是“not to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,在句子中作 _,_,_,_,_,_ 或_。不定式没有人称和数的变化,但有 _ 和 _ 的变化。独立结构主语表语宾语宾补定语状语时态语态不定式有时态和语态的变化，时态共四种，即一般式、完成式、进行式和完成进行式。语态分为主动语态和被动语态，如下表所示。形 式主 动被 动一般式进行式完成式完成进行式to doto have doneto be doingto have been doingto be doneto have beendone1.Its an honour to be i
2、nvited to the ceremony.2.She didnt like to be treated as a child.3.His dream was to be admitted to a good university.4.There are a lot of things to be discussed.5.She was sent there to be trained for the space flight.作主语作宾语作表语作定语作状语不定式的被动式在句中作什么成分It is a good thing for him to have been criticized.他受
3、到批评是件好事。She preferred to have been given more important work to do.她宁愿分给她的是更重要的工作。She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post.她是第一位当选这个位置的妇女。He is not likely to have been notified about it.这事多半还没有通知他。Translation!We still have many difficulties to overcome.Give him some books to read.
4、He lent me a piece of paper to write on.I have a meeting to attend today.在某些结构中不定式虽然表示被动含义，用的却是主动形式。1.如果不定式动作的逻辑主语出现在句中，且为主动关系，则用主动表被动。Ill go to the post office.Do you have a letter(post)?to be posted2.如果不定式动作与主语没有主谓关系，或是没有名词或代词可作不定式的逻辑主语时，则需要用不定式的被动式。The problem is easy to work out.The book is hard
5、 to understand.There are still many things to take care of/to be taken care of.The house is to let.Who is to blame for it?The reason is not far to seek.3.在“s.+be+adj.+to”结构中，用主动表被动。4.在there be句型中，可以是主动式也可以是被动式。5.一些做表语的不定式常用主动形式，如let，hire，blame，seek等。The problem is too difficult to work out.The house
6、 is big enough to live in.6.在“too.to.;enough.to.”结构中1.The dishes need _.to be washed wash 2.The mail is intended _.sendto be sent 4.The house is _.sellto be sold 3.The wall is expected _.to be paintedpaint 1.She hates _(laugh at)by her classmates.2.Tim refused _(accompany)by his father to school.3.S
7、he struggled _(understand)by the French visitors.to be accompaniedto be understoodto be laughed at4.These are the issues _ (discuss)tomorrow.5.The new drug is _(test)out on 500 patients next year.6.She was very beautiful but she didnt like _(envy)by all the girls she met.to be testedto be enviedto be discussed
