1、第一部分 应用文写作宏观感知写作特点应用文是人们日常生活和工作中广泛使用的一种文体，也是高考写作的文体之一。命题形式多为文字提示，写作形式有书信(建议信、投诉信、邀请信、道歉信、感谢信、询问信、推荐信、祝贺信、求职信等)、电子邮件、日记、通知、报道、启事和发言稿、图表图画作文等。评分原则1本题总分为15分，按5个档次评分。2评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后按该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。3词数少于60和多于100的，从总分中减去2分。4评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性以及上下文的连贯性。5拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的
2、一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。6如书写较差，以至于影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。评分标准档次描述第五档(很好)：(1315分)完全完成了试题规定的任务。(1)覆盖所有内容要点；(2)应用了较多的语法结构和词汇；(3)语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力；(4)有效地使用了语句间的连接成分使全文结构紧凑。完全达到了预期的写作目的。档次描述第四档(好)：(1012分)完全完成了试题规定的任务。(1)虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容；(2)应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求；(3)语法
3、结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或较高级词汇所致；(4)应用简单的语句间的连接成分使全文结构紧凑。达到了预期的写作目的。档次描述第三档(适当)：(79分)基本完成了试题规定的任务。(1)虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容；(2)应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求；(3)有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解；(4)应用简单的语句间的连接成分使全文内容连贯。整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。档次描述第二档(较差)：(46分)未适当完成试题规定的任务。(1)漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关的内容；(2)语法结构单调，词汇项目有限；(3)有一些语法结
4、构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解；(4)较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。未能清楚地将信息传达给读者。档次描述第一档(差)：(13分)未完成试题规定的任务。(1)明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关的内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求；(2)语法结构单调，词汇项目有限；(3)较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解；(4)缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。未能将信息传达给读者。档次描述0分未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。第一讲 邀请信、建议信和申请信第一章 书信邀请信是邀请收信人参加某项活动的书信。邀请信的写作对象一般
5、是朋友、熟人，内容要逻辑清楚、要点明晰，能够表明邀请的意图，说明活动的相关信息。写作时，需要对题干提供的背景信息及活动安排等要点进行必要的整合，同时对要点进行适当的拓展，以求在内容和语言表达上更加丰富。具体写作结构为：文体(一)邀请信1吸引眼球开头句Its my pleasure/a great honour for me to invite you to participate in/attend/join us in.我非常高兴/荣幸地邀请您参加/和我们一起Knowing/Learning that youre interested in.,Im delighted to invite y
6、ou to.得知您对感兴趣，我非常高兴地邀请您We are having/planning.on.and it would be great if you could join us.我们将于(日期)(活动)，如果你能加入我们就太好了。It is a great privilege/honor for me to invite you to take part in/participate in.to be held in.on.我很荣幸邀请你参加在举行的I feel it a great honor on behalf of.to invite you to take part in/par
7、ticipate in.我很荣幸代表邀请你参加2亮点出彩篇中句The following are some details about./Here are some details about./Some details about.are as follows.的细节如下。To begin with,we will.Besides,there will be a number of/various activities such as.,which will.首先，我们将；此外，将会有许多/各种各样的活动，例如，这将This is such a golden opportunity to e
8、xperience.at first hand that it cant be missed.这是亲身体验的绝佳机会，不容错过。Im convinced that you will enjoy yourself there.我相信你会在那里玩得很愉快。If interested in.,please register for/sign up for.by.如果(你)对感兴趣，请在前报名参加3韵味无穷结尾句I do hope you will accept our/my invitation if it is convenient to you.我真心希望，如果您方便的话能接受我们/我的邀请。W
9、e/I would appreciate it if you could confirm your participation at your earliest convenience.如果您能尽早在您方便时确认参加，我们/我将不胜感激。We/I would feel much honoured if you could come.如果您能来，我们/我将倍感荣幸。Wed be delighted if you could come and share the unforgettable moment with us.如果您能来和我们共度这难忘的时刻，我们将十分高兴。Would you plea
10、se let me know as early as possible if you can accept my invitation?如果您能接受我的邀请，能否尽早让我知道？Dear_,_(开 门 见 山 点 明 活 动、时 间)It would be pleasant _(表达邀请愿望).Will you _(正式发出邀请)?During the party/conference,we will_(开始介绍活动内容)First,_(介绍举行的活动一)Second,_(介绍举行的活动二)I know/believe you are very interested in _(引出被邀请人参加的
11、理由)First/For one thing,_(希望受邀人参加的理由一)Second/For another,_(希 望 受 邀 人 参 加 的 理 由 二)The party/conference _(阐述受邀人参加的必要性).The party/conference will begin at_(提出活动的地点)It is possible for us to meet at _(提出具体约定的时间和地点)We do hope you can come _(再次发出邀请).(2022新高考卷)假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮
12、件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：1节目介绍；2访谈的时间和话题。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2请按如下格式作答。Dear Caroline，Yours sincerely，Li Hua【满分范文】Dear Caroline，I am Li Hua from the campus radio station，writing to invite you to be the guest of the English program“Talk and Talk”The program invites guests to talk on certain topics,aimed at broadeni
13、ng students horizons.If it is convenient for you,please come to the station studio at 19：00 on Thursday.You are expected to talk about independence of the youth in the West.A 20-minute talk followed by 10 minutes question answering would be appreciated.Please let me know if you could come.Looking fo
14、rward to your joining.Yours sincerely，Li Hua【名师点评】1文章开头做了自我介绍，并表明写信目的：邀请外教参加访谈节目，言简意赅。2 范 文 中 使 用 了 大 量 亮 点 词 汇(aimed at,broadening students horizons,convenient,appreciated等)。在句式方面，既有动词-ing短语(writing to invite you to be the guest of the English program“Talk and Talk”)作状语，又有过去分词短语(aimed at broadening
15、 students horizons和followed by 10 minutes question answering)作定语等，显示了较强的语言运用能力，增加了文章的亮点。(2023广东佛山禅城区调研)假定你是李华，中国国际展览中心(China International Exhibition Center)最近正在举办智能机器人展览。请写信给你的英国交换生朋友Arthur，邀请他一起去参观。内容包括：1时间和地点；2展览的相关情况。注意：1.词数80左右；2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Arthur，Yours sincerely，Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Arthu
16、r，How have you been recently?There is an impressive collection of smart robots on display at the China International Exhibition Center.I am writing to invite you to go with me next Friday afternoon.The exhibition shows the latest technology and trends in AI robots from home and abroad，including thos
17、e for smart business，home，education and entertainment.To give visitors a wonderful visiting experience，it offers you many fun interactions with various robots，some of which have appeared in science fiction and movies.I am sure you will enjoy it.Please let me know if you will go with me so that I can
18、 buy the tickets in advance.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours sincerely，Li Hua文体(二)建议信建议信是就有关问题进行分析并针对这些问题提出自己的看法和建议，以便让对方接受自己的想法、主张并解决有关问题。建议信可以写给个人，就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法或观点；也可以写给某个组织或机构，就改进其服务等提出建议或忠告。具体写作结构为：1吸引眼球开头句I am writing to give you some suggestions/offer you some advice.我写信给你一些建议/忠告。I
19、 am writing to express my views concerning.我写信是要表达我关于的看法。You have asked for my advice about.and I will try to make some useful suggestions here.关于你向我征求意见，在此我尽力提出一些有用的建议。Here are some tips/suggestions for you.这些就是给你的建议。I think you can make it if you follow the following advice/the advice below.如果你听从以
20、下建议，我认为你会做到的。2亮点出彩篇中句I think the most suitable.for you is.我认为对你来说最适合的是I would like to suggest that.我想建议Youd better./Its best to.你最好/最好是As far as I am concerned/In my opinion/As for me/From my point of view，it would be wise to take the following action.在我看来，采取如下行动是明智的。I think it would be more benefic
21、ial if you could.我认为如果你能将会更有益。3韵味无穷结尾句I hope you will find these ideas useful/practical/helpful.我希望你会发现这些办法有用/实用/有帮助。As time goes on,people will know you better and will like to make friends with you if you can follow the advice above.如果你遵从以上建议，随着时间的推移，人们会更加了解你，会愿意和你交朋友的。I am certain that if you fol
22、low my advice,youll get along well with your classmates.我相信，如果你听从我的建议，你会和同学们相处得很好。I believe,with your effort,you can manage to get over/overcome these difficulties.我相信，通过你的努力，你会成功克服这些困难。The situation is easy to change if you take/follow/accept my advice.如果你采纳我的建议，改变这种处境是很容易的。Dear_,I am writing to dr
23、aw your attention to the fact that_(具体事情)/I am writing to express my views/opinions concerning_(具体事情).In order to solve the problem,various things can be done.To begin with,why not_(建议一)?If you do this,_(结果)In addition,you should/can/had better _(建议二)Then/That way,_(结果)Last but not least,it would be
24、 a good idea if _(建议三)By doing this,_(结果).I hope you will find these ideas useful and I would be ready for further discussion.Yours sincerely，_(署名)(2023新课标卷)假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：1说明问题；2提出建议。注意：1.词数80左右；2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Ryan，Im Li Hua from Class 3.Your
25、s sincerely，Li Hua【满分范文】Dear Ryan，Im Li Hua from Class 3.I dont think it a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training after class.The reasons are as follows.To begin with，randomly pairing up students may lead to unbalancedlanguage abilities within the groups.This can hind
26、er the progress of students as the more advanced one may dominate the conversation，leaving little room for the other one to improve.Besides，students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they dont get along with or have difficulty communicating with.My suggestion is to
27、group students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners.This way，everyone can feel more comfortable practicing and improving their spoken English together.Thank you for considering my suggestion.Yours sincerely，Li Hua【名师点评】1文章开头扼要地介绍了写信的目的，使用表达建议的否定前置表达(I dont t
28、hink it a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training after class.)。2书信的主体部分提出了自己的建议，使用了过渡性词语(To begin with，Besides)、高级词汇(unbalanced,group)、还使用了复杂结构：非谓语动词作结果状语(leaving little room for the other one to improve)以及定语从句(who they dont get along with or have difficulty communica
29、ting with)。(2023北京卷，改编)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim正在策划一次以“绿色北京”为主题的社团活动，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：(1)活动形式；(2)活动内容。注意：(1)词数80左右；(2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim，Yours，Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Jim，Hearing that you are planning a club activity with the theme of“Green Beijing”and need my help,I am writing to offer you
30、 my suggestions.I think you can carry out this activity in an interactive and experiential manner,which means students can participate and have a better understanding of“Green Beijing”through getting involved in different activities by themselves.You can showcase garbage classification on site,plant
31、 trees and publicize sharing economy,which will all fit into the theme of“Green Beijing”Hopefully,you will get some inspiration from my suggestions.Wish you success.Yours，Li Hua文体(三)申请信申请信通常用于向某单位或组织提出请求或申请等。申请信有很多种，比如求职申请、加入某组织或活动的申请、报考申请、留学申请等。写申请信的目的在于让对方了解自己的经验、能力、成就以及愿望等，所以对个人情况的介绍应该是申请信的核心内容，应
32、尽可能地向对方说明个人的长处，以便留下好印象，获得机会。具体写作结构为：1吸引眼球开头句Learning from.that you are looking for a(n).，I would like to apply for the position/job.从那里得知您需要一名，我想申请这个职位/这份工作。Im writing to you in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to.我写信给您是希望我可以获得一个的机会。I have read your advertisement on the Internet/in the news
33、paper.I feel quite qualified for the position you advertised.我在网上/报纸上读了你们的广告。我觉得我非常适合你们在广告中所招聘的职位。I saw your advertisement on the Internet/in a newspaper and I show great interest in.我在网上/报纸上看到你们的广告，而且我对极感兴趣。Im extremely pleased to see your advertisement for.Im writing to apply for.看到您要的广告，我非常高兴。我写信
34、申请Im writing to apply to be.The following are my advantages.我写信申请做我的优势如下。2亮点出彩篇中句I would like to apply for the part-time job during this summer vacation because I think it is very useful to me.我想申请在暑假期间做这份兼职，因为我认为这对我很有用。I have teamwork spirit and can get on well with other people.我有团队精神，善于和别人相处。Not
35、only am I good at.but I am also experienced in.我不仅擅长而且在方面有经验。I have been working in.since.,and have therefore gained rich knowledge and experience in this field.自从后，我一直从事，因此在这个领域获得了丰富的知识和经验。3韵味无穷结尾句I am sure I will do it well if Im given the chance to be a member of your company.如果我得到机会成为贵公司的一员的话，我相
36、信自己会做得很好。If you think I am the perfect person for the job,please contact me at your earliest convenience.如果您认为我是这份工作的最佳人选，请您在方便时尽早和我联系。I am confident that Im suitable for./Im qualified to do./Im equal to doing.我确信，我适合/有做的资格/能胜任做I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance of doing/to do.如果
37、您能提供给我做的机会，我将不胜感激。I would greatly appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。Dear_,Im _(简单自我介绍)When I was reading the advertisement,_(表达看到广告后的感受)I think its a good opportunity for me to _(应聘的原因)Therefore I recommend myself to you without hesitation.I _(陈述本人的优
38、势)For one thing,I can _(陈述本人特长一)For another thing,I can _(陈述本人特长二).Please contact me at_(本人的联系方式一：电话号码)Or e-mail me at _(本人的联系方式二：电子邮箱地址).I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours sincerely，_(署名)假定你是李华，暑期在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请你给美术馆负责人写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：1写信目的；2个人优势；3能做的事情。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2可以适当增加细节
39、，以使行文连贯。【满分范文】Dear Sir or Madam，Im Li Hua,a student studying in London.Im writing to apply for being a volunteer for the Chinese painting exhibition to be held in your art gallery.I think I am qualified for this job,because I have learned Chinese paintings since my childhood.In addition,I am fluent
40、in both Chinese and English,which contributes to introducing Chinese paintings.If lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer,I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more about Chinese paintings.I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity.Looking forward to your r
41、eply.Yours，Li Hua【名师点评】1文章开门见山说明自己写信的目的；然后详述自己的优势，简洁明了，不拖泥带水；最后表达感谢和期盼。2范文通过使用高级词汇(be qualified for,be fluent in)、动词不定式(to be held in your art gallery)、省略句(If lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer)、定语从句(which contributes to introducing Chinese paintings)、状语从句(because I have learned Chinese painti
42、ngs.)和虚拟语气(I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity.)丰富了句式，显示了较强的语言运用能力，增加了文章的得分点。假设你是一所英国高中的中国交换生李华。学校拟选拔一些优秀学生，利用暑假到社区为学生辅导汉语。你希望参加此活动。请给校评选组写一封申请信，主要内容：1个人优势；2你的计划。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】Dear Sir/Madam，Im Li Hua who is an exchange student from China.Im writing to
43、 apply for the opportunity to help the students in communities with their Chinese.I have my advantages to be a member of your team.As an outgoing and creative native speaker，I am familiar with various teaching methods of Chinese.I plan to communicate with the students first to know what they need.Besides，Ill try to get them more interested in Chinese by telling stories，singing songs and so on.Id appreciate it if you could give me the opportunity.Yours sincerely，Li Hua
