1、Unit 4Adversity and Courage Learning About Language语法精讲素养提升现在完成进行时【情境探究】观察上面的对话,并完成句子。(1)She _tennis since she was eight.她从八岁起就一直打网球。(2)I _very well for the past few days.这几天以来,我一直感到不太舒服。has been playinghave not been feeling(3)_working all morning?Yes,we _4 hours without a break.你们一上午都在工作吗?是,我们连续工作了
2、4个小时没有休息。(4)How many years _?你学英语多少年了?Have you beenhave been workinghave you been learning English【要义详析】一、现在完成进行时的构成(1)肯定句:Subject+have/has+been+present participle(2)否定句:Subject+have/has+not+been+present participle(3)疑问句:Have/Has+subject+been+present participle?Wh-words+have/has+subject+been+present
3、 participle?二、现在完成进行时的用法1.表示过去发生并持续到现在的动作现在完成进行时表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的一个动作,这个动作可能仍在进行:*How long have you been living here?你住在这里多久了?(还在这里住着)*How many places have you been travelling to?你去过多少地方了?(还在旅行中)*What have you been doing this morning?Ive been studying in the classroom.你一早上都在干什么?我一直在教室里学习。(还在学习或刚结束)
4、2.表示现在经常性的重复*Smith has been phoning Jane every night for the last week.上星期史密斯天天晚上给简打电话。*Weve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们常常见面。3.用于得出结论现在完成进行时可以表示根据直接或间接的证据而得出结论:*His eyes are red.He has been working too hard recently.他眼睛红了,准是最近工作太紧张了。三、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别现在完成进行时强调动作在某一时刻内一直在进行。到目
5、前为止,该动作可能刚刚结束,也可能还在继续进行。句中常有“all+表示时间的词语”,如all day(一整天),all morning(一上午);for(有多久)和since(自以来)等。现在完成时表示已结束了的动作。注意:有些动词如learn,lie(躺),live,rain,sleep,study,wait,work等本身就有持续性,其现在完成进行时和现在完成时可以互换,但前者更强调动作的持续性:*Ive been doing my homework.我一直在做作业。(还在做)*Ive finished my homework.我已做完作业了。(已完成)*Weve been talking
6、 to him all morning.我们今天一上午都在同他谈话。(可能还在谈)*Weve talked to him this morning.我们今天上午同他谈过话。(已谈完)在口语中,对于lie,sit,stay,wait等动词,用现在完成进行时更为习惯:*He has been sitting there studying all evening.他整个晚上都坐在那儿学习。*Ive been waiting for you since morning.我从上午一直在等你。*Weve been staying in a hotel since we came here.自从到这里以后,
7、我们一直住在旅馆。【即学活用】用正确的时态完成句子。(1)I _in Hawaii for ten years.我在夏威夷已经生活了十年。(2)The old man _cars for thirty years.老人修车修了三十年了。(3)I _it over.我一直在考虑这件事。(4)Julia _a hot girl in the library lately.茱莉亚最近老在图书馆遇到一个辣妹。have been livinghas been repairinghave been thinkinghas been meeting(5)I _more than 30 years to sa
8、y this:“Dad,I always told you Id come back and get my degree.”30多年来,我一直等着说这句话:“老爸,我一直跟你说,我会回来拿到学位的”。(6)I _e-mails this morning.我今天上午一直在发电子邮件。have been waitinghave been sending课时检测素养达标.用现在完成进行时改写下列句子1.They began to contribute to our magazine many years ago._2.She began to write the letter from four o
9、clock in the afternoon._3.We often saw each other recently._4.Where have you been?We looked for you everywhere._All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine.She has been writing the letter since four oclock in the afternoon.We have been seeing quite a lot of each other recent
10、ly.Where have you been?We have been looking for you everywhere.5.We began to expect the news some time ago._6.She suffered a bad cold before taking the exam._7.Rafael did nothing wrong,but was scolded._We had been expecting the news for some time.She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took
11、the exam.Rafael was scolded even though he hadnt been doing anything wrong.用正确的时态完成下列句子1.In order to take revenge on the enemy who killed his father,he _(endure)humiliation in order to survive.2.Americas image _(sink)in Germany and Europe ever since the Revelations began.3.As they approached the hou
12、se,Mrs Shis two dogs,which _(bark)at them from a distance,closed in on them fiercely.4.We _(advertise)in all the local papers for a nurse-companion,but with no result to date.has been enduring has been sinkinghad been barkinghave been advertising5.I _(read)research studies on self-monitoring for 20
13、years,and Ive conducted some myself.6.The police _(keep)track of the underground organization for two years.7.Careful people may notice that Chinas unemployment rate _(climb)up in recent years.8.The housing sales _(turn)down since the summer.have been readinghave been keepinghas been climbinghave be
14、en turning【语法主题应用】请用正确的时态表达防疫期间在家学习的情况。1.自从去年寒假以来,我们一直在家学习。2.我们已经学完了两册英语书了。3.我们一直盼望着疫情早点结束,我们能到学校去学习。4.最近新冠肺炎传播的程度一直在下降。5.我们盼望已久的开学日就要来了。6.多么想再次见到一直想念的同学和老师啊!_We have been studying at home since last winter vacation and we havefinished learning two English books.We have been looking forward to the end ofthe epidemic and we can go to school to study.The transmission of COVID-19has been declining recently so the day of school we have been looking forward tois coming.How I want to see the students and teachers I have been missingagain!
