1、四川省江油中学2019-2020学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题（含解析）本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，其中试题卷由第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）组成，满分100 分，考试时间100 分钟。注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在题卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第卷（选择题共75 分）第一部分 听力测试（共两节，满分20 分）第一节 (共5 小题；每小题1 分，满分5 分)听下面5 段对话。每段对话
2、后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How is the woman going home?A. By car. B. On foot . C. By bus.2. Whats Paul doing now?A. Writing short stories. B. Collecting poems. C. Writing poems.3. At what time does the office open?A. 8:45. B. 8:15. C. 8:00
3、.4. Where does the woman want to go?A A post office. B. A cinema. C. A park.5. What languages can Mary speak?A. Spanish and French. B. German and French. C. German and Spanish. 第二节（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给
4、出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6 段材料，回答第6、7 题。6. Whats the relationship between the man and the woman?A. Boss and secretary. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student.7. What is the mans trouble?A. He disagrees with his boss.B. He has been fired by his boss.C. He has to work day and night.请听第7 段材料，回答第8、
5、9 题。8. What did the man do recently?A. He went home to see his parents.B. He went to spend his holidays.C. He tried to find a job.9. Where are the speakers probably going?A. The job market. B. A company. C. The cafe. 请听第8 段材料，回答第10 至12 题10.Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In t
6、he office. B. In a restaurant. C. In the bank.11.What does the woman invite the man to do?A. See a film. B. Have dinner. C. Go shopping.12. What did the man forget?A. His cellphone. B. His wallet. C. His keys.请听第9 段材料，回答第13 至16 题。13. What will Lucy do during the summer vacation?A. Work in a hotel.B.
7、 Work in a club.C. Go traveling.14. What does Lucy want to do in her friends house?A. Read books.B. Watch movies.C. Have a swim.15. How long will Lucy stay in Canada?A. Two weeks. B. Three weeks. C. Four weeks.16. Who will show Lucy around in Canada?A. Her aunt. B. Her friend C. Her cousins.请听第10 段材
8、料，回答第17 至20 题。17. What is the speaker talking about?A. How to live an active life.B. How to live a long life.C. How to solve difficulties.18 How many old people has Dr. Smith studied in the past five years?A. More than 20. B. More than 50. C. More than 100.19. What will the old people do if somethin
9、g makes them angry?A. Take some exercise.B. Forget about it.C. Eat something nice.20. What is the last piece of advice?A. Never get angry.B. Never worry too much.C. Never eat meat from animals.第二部分 阅读理解（共两小节，共20 小题，每小题2 分，满分40 分）第一节（共15 小题，每小题2 分，满分30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项
10、涂黑。ASagrada Familia (2,056,448 visits/year)Opening hours: 09:0018:00 (OctoberMarch); 09:0020:00 (AprilSeptember) Admission: $ 11, or $ 10 with the Barcelona Card.Disabled Access: Yes.The temple has been under construction since 1882 and theyve still got another 30 to 80 years to go before it is fini
11、shed. The projects vast scale and its special design have made it one of Barcelonas top tourist attractions for many years.La Pedrera (1,133,220 visits/year)Opening hours: NovemberFebruary: 09:0018:30; MarchOctober: 09:0020:00Admission: $ 9.50. Save 20% with the Barcelona Card. Disabled Access: No.T
12、his building used to be called Casa Mila but nowadays its more commonly known as La Pedrera. It is a unique modernist building in Barcelona and was made of bricks and had colorful tiles (瓦). It was built between 1906 and 1912 by famous Catalan architect Antoni Gaudi (18521926) and in 1984 it was dec
13、lared a UNESCO World Her it age site with other Gaudi buildings in Barcelona.Barcelona FC Museum (1,032,763 visits/year)Opening hours: 6th April4th October: (Monday to Saturday) 10:0020:00; the rest of the year: 10:0018:30Admission: $ 8.50 for entry to the museum and $ 17 for a guided tour.Disabled
14、Access: Yes.When you buy your ticket you have two options. You can buy a ticket for the museum to see the football stadium or you can buy a dual (双的) ticket for $ 15 where you get to see the museum and the scenes at the club.Miro Museum (518,869 visits/year)Opening hours: Check the website for detai
15、ls as they vary relying on the time of the year. Admission: $ 8. Save 20% with the Barcelona Card.Disabled Access: Yes.This museum has a wide range of Miros works dating back as far as 1914. This art work collection not only includes his paintings but also a good selection of sculptures.1. Which of
16、the following attractions is the most popular with people?A. Sagrada FamiliaB. La PedreraC. Barcelona FC MuseumD. Miro Museum2. What do we know about the tourist attractions mentioned in the passage?A. Sagrada Familia is the largest building in Barcelona.B. La Pedrera is well-known for its colorful
17、material.C. Barcelona FC Museum may attract football fans.D. Miro Museum was built in 1914.3. If you visit the stadium and the club with a tour guide in Barcelon a FC Museum, you shouldpay _ .A. $ 25.5B. $ 32C. $ 42.5D. $ 344. What do the attractions have in common?A. They are all famous for their a
18、rchitectural style.B. They are available for the disabled people.C. Their opening hours are changeable in different seasons.D. Tourists can have a discount of 20% with the Barcelona Card.5. Where is the passage probably taken from?A. A novelB. An advertisementC. A posterD. Travel brochure【答案】1. A 2.
19、 C 3. B 4. C 5. D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些游客可以参观游览的景点，包括它们的开放时间，门票价格，有无残疾通道等详细情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Sagrada Familia 部分的The projects vast scale and its special design have made it one of Barcelonas top tourist attractions for many years.(该项目巨大的规模和独特的设计使其多年来一直是巴塞罗那最著名的景点之一。)可知，圣家族大教堂最受人们的欢迎。A. Sagrada Familia(圣家
20、族大教堂)符合以上说法，故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Barcelona FC Museum 部分的You can buy a ticket for the museum to see the football stadium(你可以购买博物馆的票，去看足球场)可知，巴塞罗那足球博物馆会吸引足球迷。C. Barcelona FC Museum may attract football fans.(巴塞罗那足球博物馆会吸引足球迷。)符合以上说法，故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Barcelona FC Museum 部分的$ 17 for a guided tour. (有导游的价
21、格是17美元)和you can buy a dual (双的) ticket for $ 15 where you get to see the museum and the scenes at the club.(你可以用15美元购买一张双票，在那你可以看到博物馆和俱乐部的场景。)可知，在导游的带领下去参观博物馆和俱乐部的票价是$ 17 +$ 15=$32。B. $ 32(32美元)符合以上说法，故选B项。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一部分的Opening hours: 09:0018:00 (OctoberMarch); 09:0020:00 (AprilSeptember)(10月到3
22、月的开放时间是09:0018:00，四月到九月的开放时间是09:0020:00)，第二部分的Opening hours: NovemberFebruary: 09:0018:30; MarchOctober: 09:0020:00(11月到2月的开放时间是09:0018:30，3月到10月的开放时间是09:0020:00)，第三部分的Opening hours: 6th April4th October: (Monday to Saturday) 10:0020:00; the rest of the year: 10:0018:30(4月6日到10月4日是周一到周六的早上10点至晚上8点开放
23、。)和第四部分的Opening hours: Check the website for details as they vary relying on the time of the year.(在网站是查询具体时间，因为每年都根据时间在变化。)可知，所有这些景点的开放时间都随着季节而变化。C. Their opening hours are changeable in different seasons.(在不同的季节他们的开放时间不一样。)符合以上说法，故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了四个景点，包括它们的开放时间，门票价格，有无残疾通道等详细情况。由此推测，
24、这篇文章很有可能会出现在和旅游相关的读物中。D. Travel brochure(旅游指南)符合以上推测，故选D项。BGrowing up on a tobacco farm, Emma Avery was used to hard times. When she was seven, her familys farmhouse burned to the ground. Her father made a temporary shelter, where eight people had to sleep in two beds. As soon as Emma and her four b
25、rothers and two sisters were big enough, they were out in the fields. Emma would find her comfort in school, even as a C student, thanks to one teacher. When she moved on to middle school, Emma was alarmingly far behind her classmates. She kept her head down, trying not to be noticed, struggling to
26、catch up, and feeling like an outsider.Then one day, when Emma was 16, a teacher named Mr. Potts changed everything. Looking his students in the eye, Mr. Potts said, Being a C student does not mean you do not have a valuable contribution to make. Some of you have to work in the fields in the evening
27、 and do not have time to study. But if you do your best, you have a gift to give.The teachers words made Emma believe she could do well, and she worked harder. In the end she won a scholarship to St. Pauls College, graduated with a degree in elementary education in 1967, and got a job in the public-
28、school system. Then, at George Washington University, she received a masters in education in 1970, and afterwards in the same year she married Ron Smothers.Over the next six years, Emma taught in public schools in Miami. In 1976, after saving $10,000, she opened her first restaurant in Los Angeles.
29、Eventually Emma stopped teaching, and her business expanded to six restaurants. In gratitude for what she has been able to achieve, Emma donates a lot. She has no idea how much money shes given away. She says, Those I want to help are the C students who just need help, direction and confidence.6. Th
30、e first paragraph serves to show that Emma _.A. was poor and had no time to studyB. was born on a tobacco farmC. was sad to lose her houseD. was kind enough to help support the family7. From the text we learn that Emma _.A. won a scholarship to George Washington UniversityB. was unsuccessful as a bu
31、sinesswomanC. was thankful to Mr. PottsD. disliked teaching, and gave up the job8. From the second paragraph we can infer that Emma was _.A. unintelligentB. unconfidentC. hard-workingD. Considerate9. Which is the correct order of the following events?a. Emma studied at George Washington University.
32、b. She opened her first restaurant.c. She married Ron Smothers.d. She graduated from St. Pauls College.A. abcdB. adcbC. dcabD. dacb10. The text mainly wants to tell us _.A. confidence is the first step to successB. memory of the past is the teacher of the futureC. something attempted, something done
33、D. nothing is impossible to a willing heart【答案】6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了Emma成功的故事。她成功的关键在于老师对她的鼓励，让她有了自信心，能够发挥自己的才干，因此取得了很大的成功。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段Growing up on a tobacco farm, Emma Avery was used to hard times. When she was seven, her familys farmhouse burned to the ground. Her fath
34、er made a temporary (临时的) shelter, where eight people had to sleep in two beds. As soon as Emma and her four brothers and two sisters were big enough, they were out in the fields.(出生在种植烟草的农场，Emma Avery习惯了艰苦的日子。当她七岁时，她家的农场小屋被大火夷为平地。她的父亲搭建了一个临时的棚子，在那里8个人挤在两张床上。Emma和她的四个兄弟稍微大一点，就到地里干活。)可知她出生贫寒，很早就要到地里干
35、活，没有时间去学习。A. was poor and had no time to study(很穷，没有时间学习。)符合以上说法，故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的主要内容，尤其是文章第4段第一句The teachers words made Emma believe she could do well, and she worked harder.(老师的话让Emma相信她可以做好，因此她非常努力地学习。)可知老师的鼓励，让她有了信心，努力学习。由此推测，她对这位老师很感激。C. was thankful to Mr. Potts(非常感激Potts老师)符合以上推测，故选C项。
36、【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的She kept her head down, trying not to be noticed, struggling to catch up, and feeling like an outsider.(她总是低着头，尽量不被别人注意到，努力赶上他人，并且觉得自己是个局外人。)可推测，Emma没有自信，很自卑。B. unconfident(不自信)符合以上推测，故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的In the end she won a scholarship to St. Pauls College, graduated with a deg
37、ree in elementary education in 1967, and got a job in the public-school system. Then, at George Washington University, she received a masters in education in 1970, and afterwards in the same year she married Ron Smothers.和第五段的In 1976, after saving $10,000, she opened her first restaurant in Los Ange
38、les.可知，Emma于1967年毕业于圣保罗大学，之后在公共教育系统工作，然后去乔治华盛顿大学学习，于1970年获得硕士学位，同年与Ron Smothers结婚。之后于1976年在洛杉矶开了第一家餐厅。即，正确的顺序是dacb。D. dacb符合以上说法，故选D项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段的The teachers words made Emma believe she could do well, and she worked harder.(老师的话让Emma相信她可以做好，因此她非常努力的学习。)可知，本文讲述了Emma成功的故事。她的成功的关键在于老师对她的鼓
39、励，让她有了自信心，能够发挥自己的才干，因此取得了很大的成功。所以短文主要告诉我们信心是成功的第一步。故选A项。CA facial expression results from one or more motions of the muscles of the face. These movements convey the emotional nonverbal communication. They are a primary means of conveying social information among humans, but also occur in most other
40、mammals and some other animal species.In the business world, much emphasis is placed on your first words, but it isnt all about what you say. You only have seconds to make a first impression that can make or break a relationship in business. Since the face is the first thing we notice about a person
41、, its vital to use your face to make that important connection.Researchers have shown that 55 percent of non-verbal communication is facial. People generally try to mask negative expressions such as disappointment, fear or envy, but these feelings are often reflected in their eyes, or the downward t
42、urn of the mouth. Genuine expressions of anger and surprise can be quite brief, lasting for only a few seconds. If an expression remains longer, it may be a sign of insincerity (不真诚). In general, a genuine expression matches the beginnings of a feeling, so watch for expressions that come after the w
43、ords.The research conducted last year by a team from Glasgow University, suggested that people from different cultures read facial expressions differently. Not only can that mean confusion in everyday life, but it can lead to confusion when conducting business. The study found that East Asian partic
44、ipants tended to focus on the eyes of the other person, while Western subjects took in the whole face, including the eyes and the mouth. The work, which was published in Current Biology journal challenged the idea that facial expressions are universally understood. In the study, East Asians were mor
45、e likely than Westerners to read the expression for fear as surprise, and disgust as anger.11. According to the text, in the business world _.A. people focus more on your words than your facial expressionsB. people usually have no time to make a first impressionC. the relationship between people is
46、very sensitiveD. facial expressions are very important in creating business connections12. From the fourth paragraph, we can learn that _.A. genuine expressions usually last for a short timeB. the expressions that come after the words are not genuineC. 55 percent of people use facial expressions as
47、non-verbal communicationD. negative expressions are very easy to hide13. The study discovers that _.A. Easterners are likely to examine the eyes more attentivelyB. Easterners read facial expressions more correctlyC. Westerners pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouthD. Westerners think facial e
48、xpressions are universally understood14. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?A. The result of the study makes it difficult to do business.B. Only humans can convey through facial expressions.C. Negative emotions are easily reflected in the eyes.D. Current Biology financially support
49、s the study.15. The text is mainly about _.A. facial expressions in businessB. how to convey negative expressionsC. facial expressions and social skillsD. how to increase cross-cultural understanding【答案】11. D 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述面部表情在商务关系中很重要。研究人员发现，非语言交流中，面部表情占了55%。消极的情绪容易从眼神里反
50、映出来。此外，不同文化的人，关注面部表情的重点也不一样，例如：东方人倾向于关注眼神，而西方人侧重整个面部。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的You only have seconds to make a first impression that can make or break a relationship in business. Since the face is the first thing we notice about a person, its vital to use your face to make that important connection.(你只有几秒钟
51、的时间来留下第一印象，这个印象可以决定生意上一段关系的成败。因为脸是我们注意到一个人第一件事，所以用你的脸来建立这种重要关系是至关重要的。)可知，面部表情在建立生意关系上是非常重要的。D. facial expressions are very important in creating business connections(面部表情在创建生意关系中非常重要。)符合以上说法，故选D项。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的Genuine expressions of anger and surprise can be quite brief, lasting for only a few
52、seconds.可知，真正愤怒和惊讶的表情可能是非常短暂的，只持续几秒钟。A. genuine expressions usually last for a short time(真正的表情通常只持续很短时间)符合以上说法，故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的The study found that East Asian participants tended to focus on the eyes of the other person, while Western subjects took in the whole face, including the eyes and
53、 the mouth. (研究发现，东亚参与者倾向于关注对方的眼睛，而西方参与者则关注整个面部，包括眼睛和嘴巴。)可推测，东方人可能更专注于检查对方的眼神。A. Easterners are likely to examine the eyes more attentively(东方人可能专注地检查眼睛。)符合以上推测，故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的People generally try to mask negative expressions such as disappointment, fear or envy, but these feelings are ofte
54、n reflected in their eyes (人们通常会试图掩饰失望、恐惧或者嫉妒等消极的表情，但这些情绪往往会反映在他们的眼睛里或者向下的嘴角。)可知，消极的表情容易反映在眼睛里。C. Negative emotions are easily reflected in the eyes.(消极的情绪容易从眼神里反映出来。)符合以上说法，故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段In the business world, much emphasis is placed on your first words, but it isnt all about wh
55、at you say. You only have seconds to make a first impression that can make or break a relationship in business. Since the face is the first thing we notice about a person, its vital to use your face to make that important connection. (在商业世界里，人们会把重点放在你的第一句话上，那并不只是关于你说了什么。你只有几秒钟的时间来留下第一印象，这个印象可以决定生意上一
56、段关系的成败。因为脸是我们注意到一个人第一件事，所以用你的脸来建立这种重要关系是至关重要的。)可知，本文主要讲述了面部表情在商务中很重要。A. facial expressions in business(商务中的面部表情)符合以上说法，故选A项。第二节（共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they d
57、ie within a month. _16_One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. _17_ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory t
58、hat sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. _18_Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. _19_The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent s
59、maller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononis theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a nights, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information our brains may have smaller room for new experienc
60、es.Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. _20_ “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.B.
61、 Its as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.E. Thats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learnin
62、g.F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.G. Tononis team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.【答案】16. C 17. E 18. F 19. G 20. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了人和动物为什么需要睡眠的一些理论以及睡眠的重要性。【16题详解】根据前一句When lab rats are not allowed
63、 to sleep,they die within a month.当实验室的老鼠不允许睡觉时，一个月他们就死了，因此推断C项“同样，人几天不睡觉，也会生病”，人和动物对应起来，死和生病形成对应，故选C。【17题详解】前一句提到的睡觉有助于帮助我们加强新的记忆，因此推断学生在学习新知识后如果有机会睡一觉，他们在考试中就会表现得更好，前后逻辑关系很顺畅，因果联系，故选E。【18题详解】该空为段尾句，是对该段前面内容的总结，同时，结合第四段第一句话中的代词he可以知道，该空中必然包含一个人名，否则he就失去了所指对象，选项中包含人名的选项有F和G，但只有F选项能与第三段的内容衔接也就是说，睡眠会帮
64、助清除一部分记忆，为新记忆腾出空间，按照研究人员Tononi的话说，睡眠是我们为学习付出的代价。故选F。【19题详解】根据下文中提到的关键词synapses in the mice以及整个句子可知，他肯定做了关于老鼠的实验，G项有关键词synapses，mice，都与他的实验有关，故选G。【20题详解】该空为尾段的倒数第二句话，应该与其前后的句子意义连贯该空前面一句里出现了protect、stay，而该空后面一句出现了keep、matter，正好与选项B里的preserve和important呼应也就是说，重要的记忆会被保留下来。前后逻辑关系顺畅，故选B。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分2
65、0 分）第一节 完形填空（共15 题；每小题1 分，满分15 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Not everyone around is easy to get on well with in your life. Ive always tried to keep my _21_ from people who are rude, aggressive and mean. But sometimes we cant _22_ having contact with people who might no
66、t have our best interests at heart.Last summer, I became involved with a(n) _23_ coworker who was at a bad spot in his life. I had a lot of _24_ for him and decided to help him _25_ this tough time, so I tried my best to tolerate his rudeness when he lost his temper. However, just like a swimmer dro
67、wning in a pool, he grabbed on and ended up drowning me when I _26_ and tried to rescue him. His rudeness gradually was out of _27_. One night, when I got up to get a glass of water, he started yelling at me to get back into my bedroom. I did as I was told but I was not happy about it. He _28_ my ch
68、ange in mood and asked what was wrong. But when I told him his behavior toward me was _29_ and that I was very hurt by the way he had treated me, he was surprised. He could not understand his actions had a bad _30_ on me. He told me he didnt have anything _31_ me and that there was no need for me to
69、 _32_ it. I used examples from his life of things that had hurt him and then tried to make the _33_ that the same things also made me unfriendly. I said, “I always treat you with patience, understanding and kindness, but you havent treated me with _34_ respect.” He was silent after listening to my w
70、ords. What I had said might _35_ him.People only change if they want to change. I didnt know whether he would change his opinion or not in the future.21 A. differenceB. pressureC. absenceD. distance22. A. riskB. escapeC. avoidD. appreciate23. A. badtemperedB. kindheartedC. easygoingD. cooperative24.
71、 A. adviceB. sympathyC. permissionD. selection25. A. get acrossB. look afterC. make outD. pull through26. A. reached outB. carried outC. gave outD. turned out27. A. practiceB. actionC. controlD. danger28. A. forgaveB. noticedC. ignoredD. understood29. A. appropriateB. unnecessaryC. unacceptableD. tr
72、aditional30. A. effectB. meaningC. contentD. view31. A. forB. withC. onD. against32. A. mindB. doubtC. refuseD. praise33. A. summaryB. analysisC. comparisonD. expectation34. A. deservedB. provenC. promisedD. intended35. A. annoyB. touchC. inspireD. satisfy【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27.
73、C 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与一个脾气不好的同事的相处过程。作者与同事的故事告诉我们：尽管不是所有的人都容易相处，但是相遇了，我们还是应尽力用自己的耐心、理解和善良去帮助他们。【21题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我总是和粗鲁、好斗、刻薄的人保持距离。A. difference不同；B. pressure压力；C. absence缺席；D. distance距离。根据空后的people who are rude, aggressive and mean可知对于品行不太好的人，作者自然是与
74、他们保持距离，故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：但有时，我们不可避免会和一些可能不关心我们最大利益的人有联系。A. risk冒险；B. escape逃避；C. avoid避免；D. appreciate欣赏。根据下文的contact with people who might not have our best interests at heart.和常识可知，此处是指我们不可避免的会和一些不太好的人打交道，故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：去年夏天，我和一个脾气不好的人成为了同事，他的生活陷入了困境。A. bad-tempered脾气不好的；B. kindhearted
75、善良的；C. easygoing随和的；D. cooperative合作的。根据下文中的his rudeness when he lost his temper可知，这个同事脾气不好，故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我对他非常同情并决定帮他度过难关，因此我尽力在他发脾气的时候忍耐他的粗鲁。A. advice建议；B. sympathy同情；C. permission许可；D. selection选择。根据语境及空后的 and decided to help him推测作者很同情同事的艰难处境，因此觉得伸出援手，故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我对他非常同情并决定帮助
76、他度过难关，因此我尽力在他发脾气的时候忍耐他的粗鲁。A. get across通过；B. look after照顾；C. make out理解；D. pull through渡过难关。根据下文的this tough time可知，此处是指度过难关，故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，就像一个溺在水池中的游泳者一样，在我努力伸手去帮助他时，他抓住我，并把我也拉下了水。A. reached out伸手（帮助）；B. carried out实施；C. gave out分发；D. turned out证明。根据空后的 tried to rescue him可知，此处是指作者伸手去救他
77、，故选A项。【27题详解】考查固定短语。句意：他的粗鲁渐渐不受控制。A. practice练习；B. action行为；C. control控制；D. danger危险。根据下文中的One night, when I got up to get a glass of water, he started yelling at me to get back into my bedroom.可知，作者的同事渐渐不能控制自己的无礼（行为）。be out of control“失去控制”，该用法是固定短语，故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：他注意到了我情绪上的改变，并问我出了什么事。A. fo
78、rgave原谅；B. noticed注意；C. ignored忽略；D. understood明白。根据空后的and asked what was wrong和语境可知，此处表示同事注意到了作者在情绪上的变化，故选B项。【29题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：当我告诉他，他对我的行为是难以接受的，并且我他对我的方式让我很受伤时，他很惊讶。A. appropriate适当的；B. unnecessary没有必要的；C. unacceptable不能接受的；D. traditional传统的。根据空后的that I was very hurt可知，作者认为同事的行为让他不能接受，故选C项。【30题详解
79、】考查固定搭配。句意：他不能理解他的行为对我产生了不好的影响。A. effect影响；B. meaning意义；C. content内容；D. view观点。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语have a( n) effect on sb.“对某人有影响”，故选A项。【31题详解】考查介词辨析。句意：他说他并不是反对我，我也没有必要介意。A. for为了；B. with随着；C. on在之上；D. against反对。根据上文中的He could not understand his actions had a bad on me可知，同事并不是针对作者发脾气的，故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词辨析
80、。句意：他说他并不是反对我，我也没有必要介意。A. mind介意；B. doubt怀疑；C. refuse拒绝；D. praise表扬。根据语境可知，同事发脾气并不是针对作者并且告诉作者没必要在意，故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我从他的生活中选取了一些伤害他的例子，然后试图进行比较，同样的事情也会让我变得不友好。A. summary总结；B. analysis分析；C. comparison比较；D. expectation期待。根据空后的 the same things可知，作者在此处作了对比，故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：我说：“我总是耐心地对你，理解你并且对
81、你友好，但你没有我应得的尊重来对待我。”A. deserved应得的；B. proven已证实的；C. promised应允的；D. intended故意的。结合句意可知，此处是指，作者对同事很好，但却没有得到应得的尊重，故选A项。35题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我所说的可能触动了他。A. annoy使恼怒； B. touch 触动，感动；C. inspire 激励；D. satisfy使满意。根据上文的He was silent after listening to my words可知，听了作者的话，同事沉默了。由此可推知，作者的话或许触动了同事，故选B项。第卷（共25 分）第二节 语法填
82、空（共5 小题；每小题1 分，满分5 分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7,000 years. The _36_ (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 251 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan, _37_ (lead) the local people in building the
83、Dujiang Weirs, in which bamboo played an important role. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan _38_ (success) sank a 1,600metredeep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe until the 19th century, and it was by using the technology _39_ the Americans drilled(钻)
84、the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging people to hold on when _40_ (face) tough situations.【答案】36. application 37. led 38. successfully 39. that 40. facing【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国种植和利用竹子的历史。此外，竹子的精神一直鼓励人们，面对困难要坚持。【36题详解】考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为句子主语，application作
85、为“应用”时是可数名词，根据谓语动词is判断用该名词的单数形式，故填application。【37题详解】考查时态。分析句子可知，设空处是主句谓语动词，由in 251 BC“在公元前251年”判断为一般过去时，lead的过去式是led，故填led。【38题详解】考查副词。分析句子可知，此处应用success的副词修饰动词sank，故填successfully。【39题详解】考查强调句。句意：该技术直到19世纪才传到欧洲，正是通过这项技术美国人于1859年在宾夕法尼亚州钻了第一口油井。分析句子可知，本句去掉it was和设空处仍然是一个完整的句子，由此判断本句考查强调句，其结构为“It is/w
86、as + 强调部分 + that”（强调人时，可将that换成who），本句强调的是方式状语by using the technology，故填that。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，设空处应填非谓语动词和when一起构成时间状语，逻辑主语people和face之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填facing。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分20 分）第一节 短文改错（共5 小题，每题1 分，满分5 分）41. 下列短文中有五处语言错误，每处最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在该词下面写出该加的词。修改
87、：在错的词下划一横线，在该词下面写出改正后的词。注意：1、每处错误及修改均仅限一词。 2、只允许修改5 处，多者（从6 处起）不计分。Nowadays, it is more and more competitive to get into Qinghua University and Beijing University. Firstly, they have better condition and qualified teachers. Students studied there can better develop themselves. Secondly, graduates fr
88、om them usually find better jobs. Thirdly, schools and parents saw them as their highest goals, which pushes the trend greatly. As students, we shouldnt take it too much seriously. You can also realize your dream even you are not admitted into the two universities.【答案】1. condition conditions2. studi
89、ed studying3.saw see4.去掉much 5. even后加if【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在考入清华和北大竞争激励的原因。此外，作者也鼓励学生，即使不能被这两所学校录取，也可以实现自己的梦想。【详解】考查名词的数。condition“条件”是可数名词，结合语境和下文的teachers判断用该名词的复数形式，故将condition改为conditions。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语students和study之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故将studied改为studying。考查时态。联系上下文可知，本文陈述客观事
90、实，再结合上文的nowadays判断为一般现在时，主语是 schools and parents，谓语动词用复数，故将saw改为see。考查副词。too表示“太”，常修饰形容词或副词，而too much表示“太多”，后面通常接不可数名词，根据句意可知此处用前者，故删除much。考查连词。句意：即使你没有被这两所大学录取，你也可以实现你的梦想。根据句意可知，此处用even if“即使”引导让步状语从句符合语境，故在even后加if。第二节 书面表达（满分15分）42. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 是一句谚语。请根据自己的理解和经验，根据所给的提示，以
91、“交友之道”为题写一篇英语短文。提示：1每个人都需要朋友，如何交友(make friends)极为重要；2要交朋友，首先对别人要友好。微笑是吸引别人的吸铁石(magnet)；3设法记住别人的姓名等重要信息；4与别人有分歧时，不要争吵，要多商量；5不要相信那些在危急时刻背离朋友的人，因为“患难见真情”。注意：1.词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】参考范文：Ways of Making FriendsEveryone needs friends, so how to make friends is very important to anybody. To make fri
92、ends, you must be friendly to others. A smile is like a magnet that draws people. Smile at others and you are always sure to get a smile in return. In addition, try to remember others names, which will make them feel that they have made an impression on you. Last but not the least, if you dont agree
93、 with others on a certain matter, dont argue but discuss with them. You should think more of others than of yourself.Finally, dont believe those who leave their friends when their friends are in trouble because A friend in need is a friend indeed. 【解析】【分析】本书面表达为提纲类作文。【详解】体裁：议论文时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主结构：
94、总分总 要求：1每个人都需要朋友，如何交友(make friends)极为重要；2要交朋友，首先对别人要友好。微笑是吸引别人的吸铁石(magnet)；3设法记住别人的姓名等重要信息；4与别人有分歧时，不要争吵，要多商量；5不要相信那些在危急时刻背离朋友的人，因为“患难见真情”。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）make friends/ be of great importance/ be good to sb./ smile at sb./ try to do sth./ in addition/ have an impression on sb./ agree with sb./ be in tr
95、ouble/ in return第三步：连词成句1. Everyone needs friends, so how to make friends is very important to anybody. 2. To make friends, you must be friendly to others. 3. A smile is like a magnet that draws people. 4. Smile at others and you are always sure to get a smile in return. 5. Additionally, try to reme
96、mber others names, which will make them feel that they have made an impression on you. 6. Last but not the least, when you dont agree with others on a certain matter, dont argue but discuss with them. 7. You should think more of others than of yourself.8. Finally, dont believe those who leave their
97、friends when their friends are in trouble because A friend in need is a friend indeed. 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：In addition, try to remember others names, which will make them feel that they have made an impression on you.中which引导非限制性定语从句；Finally, dont believe those who leave their friends when their friends are in trouble because A friend in need is a friend indeed. 中who引导定语从句，when引导时间状语从句because引导原因状语从句。
