1、重难语法课(6)连词与并列句 语境中体悟用法朗读下面短文，体会、领悟连词的用法。Not only had Niu Lang lost his parents, but (also)he was often bullied by his elder brother.What he only had was an old and weak cow, but he took good care of it. Other men at his age had children already, whileNiu Lang didnt get married yet. One day, the cow
2、said unexpectedly, “Id like to help you, foryou have attended me so carefully. Follow me, and you will get a wife！” So Niu Lang went to the bank while several beautiful fairies were bathing in the river.Then he did as the animal told him, hiding the youngest fairys clothes away andtelling her, “I am
3、 afraid that you will either lose your clothes or marry me.” As a result, the youngest fairy, Zhin， became his wife. Both Niu Lang and Zhin lived happily. However, the Goddess of Heaven was angry with her granddaughter marrying a human, so she said to Zhin， “Go back to heaven, otherwise I will punis
4、h you！” Hearing this, Zhin was not delighted but worried.Niu Lang was about to run after them anxiously when the Goddess of Heaven was making the Milky Way with her hair adornment (发簪) to stop him.Neither Zhin norNiu Lang was happy, as they missed each other so much. Seeing this, the Goddess of Heav
5、en let them cross the Milky Way to meet once a year with the help of magpies.用法体悟not only . but also表示“不但而且”，用于连接两个性质相同的词、短语或句子。but为表示转折关系的并列连词，此处连接两个句子。while表示对比，意为“而”。for用作并列连词，表示“因为”。“祈使句and陈述句”中，祈使句表示一个条件，and后的句子表示顺承的结果，意为“那么”(暗示一种条件)。and用于连接两个并列的现在分词短语。either .or .“不是就是”“或者或者”。连接两个相同成分的词、短语或句子，
6、表示选择关系。both .and .在句中连接两个并列的名词作主语，表示“两者都”。so表示因果关系，连接两个并列分句，意为“因此”，其后的分句表示结果。“祈使句or/otherwise陈述句”结构中，祈使句表条件，or/otherwise后的句子表相反的结果。not .but .意思为“不是而是”。固定搭配was/were about to do .when .表示“刚要做某事突然”。neither .nor .在句中连接两个并列的名词作主语，表示“既不也不”。 系统中整合规则并列连词用法例句and, both . and ., not only . but (also) .等表示并列、顺承
7、或递进关系There the air is clean and the mountains are green. 那里空气清新，千山一碧。but, yet, whereas等表示转折关系The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.这次失败对他是个很大的打击，但他并没有沮丧，很快便像以前一样充满热情。or, either . or ., not . but .等表示选择关系Either you must improve your work or I
8、 shall dismiss you.要么你改进工作，要么我就辞退你。for, so表示因果关系。for连接的分句一般不能放在句首The leaves of the trees are falling, for its already autumn.树叶在坠落，因为秋天已经到了。and, or表示条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句and/or陈述句”中You have to move out of the way or the truck cannot get past you. 你得让出路来，否则卡车无法从你身旁通过。while作为并列连词，强调两种情况的对比I like to drink
9、black coffee while he prefers it with milk.我爱喝黑咖啡，而他更喜欢喝加牛奶的。 集训中明晰考点 考点1连接并列成分1(2020浙江1月高考)Its also that they are on average healthier more productive for longer.解析：and结合句意可知，healthier和more productive构成并列关系，故填and。2(2019全国卷)Suddenly a football fell just in front of me almost hit me.解析：and“一个足球正好落在我面
10、前”与“差点儿打到我”之间是顺承关系，故用并列连词and。3(2019全国卷)When I studied chemistry in high school, I reconsidered my goal decided to be a doctor.解析：andreconsidered和decided这两个动作作并列谓语，故填and。4(2018全国卷)Everyone was silent, waiting to see who would be called upon to read his her paragraph aloud.解析：or此处表示“他的或者她的”段落，属于一种选择关系
11、。5(2017全国卷)I have grown not only physically, also mentally in the past few years.解析：butnot only .but also .“不但而且”，连接并列成分physically和mentally。考点2连接并列句式连词的选择取决于连接的两个分句之间的逻辑关系，并列用and，转折用but，因果用so，选择用either .or，否定用neither/nor。注意：neither/nor位于句首时要用倒装语序。1(2019全国卷)I work not because I have to, because I wan
12、t to.解析：but句意：我工作不是因为我不得不工作，而是因为我想要工作。not .but .为固定结构，表示“不是而是”。2(2018全国卷)At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, he agreed.解析：and根据语境可知，此处表示顺承关系，故用并列连词and。3(2017全国卷)Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, once I started
13、the car, my mind went blank.解析：but/yet此处表示“我认为我已经明白了教练的指示，但是车一启动，我的脑子一片空白”。根据语境可知，前后分句之间是转折关系，故应用表示转折关系的并列连词but或者yet。4(2021肇庆模拟)Yellow represents happiness and joy in some places, in other places it is a symbol of loss.解析：while句意：黄色在某些地方代表着幸福和快乐，而在其他地方则代表着损失。分析句子可知，此处连接两个简单句，且表示对比关系，因此使用连词while。考点3句
14、型：祈使句and/or陈述句(1)陈述句中的时态原则上用一般将来时；(2)该句型中and 表示前后句是顺承关系，意思是“那么”；or 表示前后句是转折关系，意为 “否则”。祈使句可以转换为if引导的条件状语从句，这时要去掉连词and/or。1(2021定州模拟)Compare Wuhu with Shanghai, to be frank, youll find its more convenient to live in the former.解析：and句意：坦率地讲，把芜湖和上海相比，你就会发现住在前面那座城市中更方便。前后句之间为顺承关系，故填and。2(2021鞍山模拟)Watch
15、any TV report on places where there is a war, you will see soldiers wearing blue berets.解析：and句意：观看任何有战争的地方的电视报道，你都会看到士兵们戴着蓝色贝雷帽。根据句意可知，前后两句为顺承关系，故填and。3(2021玄武模拟)Dont use your mobile phone while charging, you may be shocked by electricity.解析：or句意：不要边充电边使用手机，否则可能会被电击。根据句意可知，应用or。4(2021淮北模拟)Figure ou
16、t how to put our furniture, well have to wait for another week to move in.解析：or句意：要想好如何放置家具，否则我们将不得不再等一周时间才能搬进来。根据句意可知，用or连接。 自测中查漏补缺.单句语法填空1(2021遵义模拟)The short road, the easy path and the light load all lead to lower grades in school of life.2(2021兰州模拟)Then when we are really old, when we cannot mo
17、ve any longer, we can be proud of our achievements that we have ever experienced in happiness and we can say we have no regret in our lives.3(2021泉州模拟)Smile at life, and it will shine on you.4(2021衡水中学模拟)It is easy to make a decision, but hard to stick to it.5The other day I was doing some grocery s
18、hopping when a man walked toward me at the checkout stand.6(2021哈尔滨模拟)We may not be able to recall the things we have heard or seen, but they are all kept there in the storehouse of the human mind.7Mr Lee says slower runners, and those who only ran once or twice a week, were helped nearly as much as
19、 those who ran faster and further.8(2021榆林模拟)Some of us let these dreams die, while/but others protect them and take care of them through bad days.单句改错1First of all, they will look like the pads today, but their sizes will be changeable, too.butand2Dont miss the chance of being a winner, but some ap
20、pealing prizes are eagerly waiting for you.butand3She is not only very beautiful, and also very kindhearted.andbut4I was watching TV with my family while we heard a loud noise.whilewhen5I have been getting my birthday presents, but none of which have been remarkable so far. whichthem或去掉but6Something
21、 must be done to prevent water and air pollution or the growth of its population should be brought under control so that well have a better hometown.orand.语法填空(2021无锡模拟)Harvard is older than the United States.In the early 1630s some settlers suggested that a university 1 (found) just to improve the
22、quality of their descendants so that they could 2 (well) build the new home.Thus, it was established in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.Like many other 3 (university) at that time，the Harvard at the early stage often ran into financial crisis.The school bo
23、ard often had to go to Europe to raise 4 (donate), but as you can predict, they often came back 5 their hands empty.In 1638，John Harvard，pastor of Charlestown，passed away.He left his library and half his estate to the institution， 6 were the biggest donation ever since its establishment.Therefore，th
24、e university was named after his name.Today，you can find a statue of John Harvard 7 (stand) in front of the University Hall in Harvard Yard, and it is perhaps the Universitys best 8 (know) landmark.Like other world famous universities，Harvard too has many colleges and Harvard Business School is one
25、of them.There is 9 saying in education that Harvard is the crown of American education 10 Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛大学创建初期遇到的困难、名称的来历以及其地位。1.(should) be founded考查被动语态和虚拟语气。主语a university和动词found之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；suggest表示“建议”时，后接从句，从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should)
26、动词原形”。2better考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，空处表示“更好地”，故用副词比较级。3universities考查名词的复数。university为可数名词，该处表示“其他许多大学”，故用复数形式。4donation(s)考查名词。根据该句中的及物动词raise可知，空处作该及物动词的宾语，故用名词形式。5with考查介词。with表示“具有，带有”。6which考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，句中his library and half his estate为先行词，故用which引导该定语从句。7standing考查非谓语动词。John Harvard和动
27、词stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。8known考查形容词。根据空处后的名词“landmark”可知，空处修饰该名词，表示“知名的，著名的”，故用形容词known。9a考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一句格言”，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。10and考查连词。空前的“Harvard is the crown of American education”和空后的“Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it”为并列关系，故用连词and。.短文改错The first foreign languag
28、e I never learnt was French, but it didnt go very well. My mother asked our neighbor teach me when I was seven. French wasnt his native languages, but he used to live in France, so he could speak a little. However, I learnt very little until I didnt feel it related to my daily life anyway. When I en
29、tered into a senior high school, my attitude to language learning changed. I decided to learn Latin, that Ive always been interested in because I want to study law. Learning Latin wasnt a struggle for myself for this reason. Soon I begin to read classics in Latin. Read those books opened a window for me to another world or gave me a new point of view on my own world.答案：第一句：neverever第二句：neighbor后加to第三句：languageslanguage第四句：untilbecause/since/as第五句：去掉into第六句：thatwhich第七句：myselfme第八句：beginbegan第九句：ReadReading; orand
