1、备战2022年中考英语语法重难考点梳理与提分攻略(通用版)04 数词【知识图解】【考点梳理】考点一 基数词数字基数词形式举例112独立词one, two, three, four, ten, eleven, twelve1319个位数+ teen (13, 15, 18稍有变化)threethirteen, fourfourteen, fivefifteen整十数个位数+-ty(20, 30, 40, 50, 80稍有变化)twotwenty, threethirty, fourforty, sixsixty几十几整十数加“-”再加个位数21: twenty-one, 55: fifty-fi
2、ve几百几. . . hundred + and +. . . 288: two hundred and eighty-eight【特别提示1】基数词hundred, thousand, million, billion表示确切数目时, 不能加s。但在表示不确切数目时, 要用复数形式+of 结构, 意为“成百的, 成千上万的, 数百万的, 数十亿的”。例如: five thousand五千; thousands of 成千上万的1. 基数词构成歌诀1至12独立词, 1319 -teen加起。2090整十位, -ty结尾是后缀。几十几, 连字符“-”莫忘记。几百几, hundred后面and立。
3、2. 巧记hundred, thousand等的单、复数用法具体数目用单数; 模糊数目用复数, 后面还要加of。考点二 序数词基数词的形式变序数词的规则举例一般情况在基数词后加上-thfourfourth以-t结尾在基数词后加-heighteighth以-e结尾去e再加-thnineninth以-ve结尾改ve为f, 再加-thfivefifth; twelvetwelfth以-ty结尾的整十数改y为ie, 再加-thtwentytwentieth20以上的两位数只变个位数thirty-twothirty-second特殊变化onefirst, twosecond, threethird【特别
4、提示2】序数词的缩写形式为“阿拉伯数字 + 序数词最后面的两个字母”。例如: first1st; seventeenth17th; twenty-second22nd; thirty-third33rd。基数词变序数词歌诀基数变序数, th来帮助。“8”少“t”, “9”去“e”, y结尾改ie。“ve”要用“f”替, five, twelve是两兄弟。遇到几十几, 只变个位就可以。1、2、3, 特殊记, 结尾各是t, d, d。考点三 数词的应用用途举例表示世纪、年代等This took place in the 1970s. 这事发生在20世纪70年代。表示日期、时刻等June the f
5、irst(6月1日), at six oclock(在6点钟)表示数学运算One plus two is three. 1+2=3表示分数one seventh(1/7), three fourths(3/4)表示编号The Third Lesson/Lesson Three(第3课)1. 表示分数时, 分子用基数词, 分母要用序数词; 如果分子大于1时, 分母要用复数。例如: 1/2: one second, 3/4: three fourths。2. 时刻的表达法有两种。一是时在前, 分在后, 按基数词顺读; 二是分在前, 时在后, 中间加介词to或past, 另外, 当分为15、45时,
6、 后一种表达法也可用quarter, 当分为30时, 可用half。例如: 10: 15 ten fifteen或a quarter past ten; 8: 45eight forty-five或 a quarter to nine; 6: 30six thirty 或 half past six3.“in ones +整十数词的复数”表示“在某人多少岁时”。【特别提示3】1. 巧记分数的表达法分子基, 分母序。分子大于1, 分母加-s。2. “时间”表达法“时”在前, “分”在后, quarter, half不能有。如果出现past, to, 我们可要看清楚; 前是“分”, 后是“点”,
7、past或to立中间; past加, to要减。如果表示“几点半”, 要用half past加钟点。【真题再现】一、基数词与序数词单项选择( )1. (2021泸州中考)When was the Communist Party of China founded? In 1921. Its her_ birthday this year. A. hundredB. hundredthC. hundreds ofD. the hundredth( )2. (2021铜仁中考)There are_ floors in this building. He lives on the_floor. A.
8、thirty; nineB. thirtieth; nineC. thirtieth; ninthD. thirty; ninth( )3. (2020吉林中考) On my _birthday, my aunt gave me a nice dress as a present. A. nineB. ninthC. the ninth( )4. (2020丹东中考)The words from Page 1 to Page 3 are very clear. But the ones on the _page are not. A. firstB. twoC. threeD. fourth用
9、所给词的适当形式填空, 完成句子5. (2020云南中考) Nick gave his mother a scarf on her (forty) birthday. That made her very happy. 6. (2020上海中考) Uncle Andy tried (tenth) different jobs, and finally chose to be a lawyer. 7. (2021龙东中考)Well hold many activities to celebrate our countrys (seventy-two) birthday this year. 二、
10、数词的应用( )1. (2020恩施中考)Among all these books, _of them are for children to read. A three fifthB. three fifthsC. threes fifth( )2. (2021绥化中考)My aunt became a nurse in her _and she still loves her job now . A. twentiesB. twentiethC. twenty【参考答案】一、BDBD5.Nick gave his mother a scarf on her fortieth(forty)
11、 birthday. That made her very happy. 6. Uncle Andy tried ten(tenth) different jobs, and finally chose to be a lawyer. 7. Well hold many activities to celebrate our countrys seventy-second(seventy-two) birthday this year. 二、BA【提分攻略】一、判断“基数或序数”, 后面的名词可帮助! 1. 后面的名词是复数形式, 多数用基数词。2. 后面的名词是单数形式, 多数用序数词。3.
12、 定冠词the后的数词, 多数用序数词。二、语境分析法辨“数词”根据上下文语境首先确定数词在句中表示数量还是表示顺序; 然后再确定数词的形式。【提分专练】1. This year _ students who finish studying abroad come back to work, because they can find _ chances in China.A. 580 thousand, a number ofB. 580 thousand of, the number ofC. 580 thousands of, a number ofD. 580 thousand, th
13、e number of2. _ volunteers will be needed for 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.A. Two thousand ofB. Two thousands ofC. Thousands ofD. Thousand of3. How many syllables (音节) are there in the word “difficult”? _.A. TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. Five4. Several _ people use this kind of pen all over the world ev
14、ery day.A. millions ofB. million ofC. millionD. millions5. Its a very new city. In fact, it only became important _.A. in the 1980B. in the 1980sC. in 1980sD. in a 1980s6. He seems to be _, but in fact he was born in _.A. on his fiftieth; 1990B. in his fifties; the 1990sC. in the fifties; the 1990D.
15、 in the fiftieth; 1990s7. More than _ people visited the _ car exhibition.A. two thousands; five-daysB. two thousand; five-dayC. two thousand of; five daysD. two thousands of; five days8. I paid￥10 for _ this morning.A. 4 bottle milksB. 4 bottles of milkC. 4 bottles of milksD. 4 milk9. It is reporte
16、d that about _ people are living in Shanghai.A. 24 millionsB. 24 millions ofC. 24 millionD. 24 million of10. Whats the age of your sister?She is _. She is _ girl.A. eight-year-old; a eight years oldB. eight-year-old; an eight years oldC. eight years old; an eight-year-oldD. eight years old; an eight
17、-years-old11. About _ of the research on animals behaviour _ been done so far.A. two-nineteenths; have B. two-nineths; hasC. two-ninths; has D. two-nineties; have12. How do you say 8:15?_.A. A quarter to eightB. A quarter past eightC. A quarter to nineD. Fifteen eight13. How long will Philip stay he
18、re? Two _ weeks till he leaves.A. manyB. moreC. muchD. most14. Whats two and five? Its _.A. fourB. sixC. sevenD. eight15. They have done _ of the work. They will finish the rest soon.A. two threeB. two thirdC. two thirdsD. second three16. The doctors worked for _. They were tired.A. another two hour
19、B. two another hoursC. two more hoursD. more two hour17. Mothers Day is on the _ Sunday of May.A. twoB. secondC. threeD. third18. There arent enough chairs. Would you please _ ones here? OK.A. to bring another threeB. bring more threeC. to take three moreD. bring three more19. Whats four and three?
20、Its _.A. sevenB. eightC. nineD. zero20. Whats four and five? Its _.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine21. What is _ month of a year? Its December.A. twelveB. twelfthC. the twelveD. the twelfth22. I have _ rulers. Two are white and three are yellow.A. threeB. fiveC. sevenD. eight23. Four and five is _.A. s
21、ixB. eightC. sevenD. nine24. Jack is my aunts _ son, and he is _ years old now.A. two; twelfthB. second; twelfthC. two; twelveD. second; twelve25. His little brother is _.A. five years oldB. five-year-oldC. five-yearD. five years26. Seven and two _.A. is nineB. are nineC. is fiveD. are five27. More
22、than seven _ tourists travelled to foreign countries during the National Day Holiday and _ more will go abroad next year.A. million; millionB. millions; millionsC. million; millionsD. millions; million28. The boy is only _. Today is his _ birthday.A. five；fiveB. fifth；fiveC. five；fifthD. five；fiveth
23、29. _ is your little sister?She is only _ old.A. How many; six monthsB. How many; six monthC. How old; six monthsD. How old; sixth months30. Its my daughters birthday today. She is _ years old.A. the eighteenthB. eighteenthC. the eighteenD. eighteen31. There are _ days a week and Tuesday is the _ da
24、y of a week.A. seven; thirdB. seven; threeC. seventh; thirdD. seventh; three32. March is the _ month of a year. We have some fun days like English Day, Sports Day and School Day in that month.A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. fourth33. Eric has _ baseball and four baseball _.A. one; batB. two; batsC. two;
25、 batD. one; bats34. There are _ students in my class twenty-three girls and twenty-four boys.A. thirty-sevenB. sixty-sevenC. fifty-sevenD. forty-seven35. Womens day is _ March.A. on the eight ofB. on the eighth ofC. in the eighth ofD. on the eighth36. What class are you in?_.A. Class five, Grade sev
26、enB. class five, grade sevenC. Class Five, Grade SevenD. Grade Seven, Class Five37. Is Mikes birthday _ January? Yes. Thatll be his _ birthday.A. to; twelfthB. in; twelfthC. at; twelveD. on; twelve38. How often does your sister surf the internet? _.A. Three timeB. Three timesC. Three time every dayD
27、. Three times a day39. Ben is a hard-working writer. He wrote his _ novel when he was _ years old.A. five；fiftyB. fifth；fiftyC. fifth：fiftiethD. five；fiftieth40. Cindy likes stamps very much. She has collected about two _ stamps from different countries so far.A. thousand ofB. thousandC. thousands o
28、fD. thousands41. _ people went to the hall to listen to the _ speech.A. Thousand of, 100-minutesB. Thousands of, 100-minutesC. Two thousands, 100-minuteD. Two thousand, 100-minute参考答案1. A【解析】句意：今年有58万在国外完成学业的学生回国工作，因为他们可以在中国找到很多机会。考查数词。thousand千，与数词搭配使用时，不用复数，后不跟of短语；或构成短语thousands of表示“数以千计的”，由此可先排
29、除B和C；a number of“许多”，修饰可数名词复数；the number of“的数量”。第二个空表示“许多机会”，排除D。故选A。2. C【解析】句意：2022年北京冬季奥林匹克运动会将需要成千上万的志愿者。考查数词。thousand和具体的数字连用时，表示的是具体的数量，不加s和of；thousands of表示数千，是模糊数字。A、B项都有具体的数字连用，不可以加s和of，所以结构错误，D项thousand后没加s，所以错误，故选C。3. B【解析】句意：“difficult”这个词中有多少音节？三个。考查单词的读音及基数词。Two二个；Three三个；Four四个；Five五个
30、。difficult的音标是“dfklt”，由此可知difficult这个词中有三个音节，一个是d，一个是f，一个是klt；故选B。4. C【解析】句意：全世界每天有几百万人使用这种笔。考查大数表达。“millions of”或“数词+million”，根据“Severalpeople”可知，此处应使用million的单数形式，故选C。5. B【解析】句意：它是一个非常新的城市。事实上，它直到20世纪80年代才变得重要。考查年代表达法。表示在某个世纪的几十年代，用“in the +逢十的基数词的复数”。基数词的复数若用阿拉伯数字表示，可直接加s，也可加s。20世纪80年代：in the 198
31、0s或in the 1980s。故选B。6. B【解析】句意：他似乎五十多岁了，但事实上，他出生在20世纪90年代。考查数字表达用法。“in ones+整几十复数形式”表示“在某人多大年龄”；故排除A和D。“in+定冠词+(世纪百位进数+十位年代数)+s”表示“在哪一世纪哪一年代”；in the 1990s表示“在20世纪90年代”。故选B。7. B【解析】句意：两千多人参观了为期五天的车展。考查数词的用法。thousand前有具体基数词时，不加s不加of，第一空thousand前有基数词two，表示“两千”要用“two thousand”；“基数词+连字符+名词单数”可以作定语修饰名词，第二
32、空用five-day，表示“五天的”。故选B。8. B【解析】句意：今天早上，4瓶牛奶我付了10元。 考查不可数名词及其数的表达。bottle为可数名词，当数目大于1时，要加s；milk 为不可数名词，不加s。表示“几瓶牛奶”时，用“基数词+ bottles of milk”的表达方法，故4 bottles of milk符合题意。故选B。9. C【解析】句意：据报道，大约有2400万人生活在上海。考查数词的用法。million大数的表达可用：millions of或“基数词+million”表示，故选C。10. C【解析】句意：你姐姐多大了？她八岁了。她是一个八岁的女孩。考查表语和定语。第一
33、个设空处，放在be动词后面作表语，表示某人多少岁了，用短语“years old”；第二个设空处作定语，应该使用复合形容词“数词-名词单数-old”，故选C。11. C【解析】句意：到目前为止，大约有九分之二的关于动物行为的研究已经完成。考查分数和主谓一致。分数的构成是“子基母序，分子大于一，分母加s”，排除BD；本句主语是research，助动词用has。故选C。12. B【解析】句意：你怎样表达8:15？八点一刻。考查时间的表达。A quarter to eight七点四十五；A quarter past eight八点一刻；A quarter to nine八点四十五；Fifteen ei
34、ght是错误表达。8:15用英语可表达为eight fifteen/fifteen past eight/a quarter past eight。故选B。13. B【解析】句意：菲利普将在这里呆多久？还有两周他就走了。考查more的用法。根据“ Two . weeks till he leaves.”可知，此处考查“基数词+more+名词复数”表示“再，又”。故选B。14. C【解析】句意：二加五是多少？是七。考查数词辨析。four四；six六；seven七；eight八。根据运算可知，二加五是七。故选C。15. C【解析】句意：他们已经做了三分之二的工作。他们很快就会完成剩下的工作。考查分
35、数的表达法。在英语中，分数通常是借助于基数词和序数词来共同表达，其中基数词表示分子，序数词表示分母，如果分子大于1，则分母要用复数形式；因此“三分之二”应表达为two thirds，故选C。16. C【解析】句意：医生又工作了两个小时。他们累了。考查another/more表示又几个的用法。another/more都能表示又几个，another与数词搭配时，要放在数词之前；more用于数词后，表示数量的增加，即表示在原有基础上又增加了若干数量。正确的搭配应该是“数词+more+名词”或者是“another+数词+名词”，此处基数词为two，hour需要使用复数形式。故选C。17. B【解析】句
36、意：母亲节是在五月的第二个星期日。考查序数词。two二，基数词；second第二，序数词；three三，基数词；third第三，序数词，根据前面的“Mothers Day”和后面的“Sunday of May”以及常识可知，母亲节是在五月的第二个星期日，用序数词表顺序，故选B。18. D【解析】句意：这里的椅子不够。请你再去拿三把椅子到这里来好吗？好的。考查情态动词和数词。题干Would you please中的would为情态动词，后接动词原形，即Would you please do sth.表示委婉的请求“你可以做某事吗”，排除选项A和C；表示“再/又几个”的结构是“基数词+more”或
37、“another+基数词”，因此本题中应使用three more。故选D。19. A【解析】句意：四加三等于几？七。考查数词辨析和运算。seven七；eight八；nine九；zero零；根据“Whats four and three?”可知，四加三等于七；故选A。20. D【解析】句意：四加五等于几？九。考查数词辨析和运算。six六；seven七；eight八；nine九；根据“Whats four and five?”可知，四加五等于九。故选D。21. D【解析】句意：一年中的第十二个月是几月？十二月。考查序数词用法。twelve十二，基数词；twelfth十二，序数词。根据回答“Its
38、December.”可知，此处询问的是第几个月，表顺序，用序数词，排除A和C，序数词前面需加the。故选D。22. B【解析】句意：我有五把尺子。两把白色的和三把黄色的。考查基数词。three三；five五；seven七；eight八。根据“Two are white and three are yellow”，可知共五把，故选B。23. D【解析】句意：四加五等于九。考查基数词。six六；eight八；seven七；nine九。根据“Four and five is”可知，四加五等于九，故选D。24. D【解析】句意：杰克是我姑姑的第二个儿子，他现在十二岁了。考查数词。two二，基数词；se
39、cond第二，序数词；twelfth第十二，序数词；twelve十二，基数词。第一空表示顺序，所以用序数词，第二空基数词表示年龄，故选D。25. A【解析】句意：他的弟弟五岁了。考查名词短语，five years old五岁；five-year-old五岁的；five-year五年的；five years五年。观察句子，这里缺少表语，且表示“他的弟弟五岁了”，故选A。26. A【解析】句意：七加二等于九。考查数字运算及主谓一致。英语中表示“等于”用is，排除B/D选项；结合“Seven and two”可知，7+2=9，故选A。27. C【解析】句意：国庆假期间，700多万游客出国旅游，明年还
40、会有数百万人出国。考查数词。million百万，与基数词搭配使用，表示具体数字时，不用复数形式，故排除B、D项；million与more连用时，要用复数形式，millions more表示“数百万”，表示不确切的数目。故选C。28. C【解析】句意：这个男孩只有五岁。今天是他的第五个生日。考查基数词和序数词。five五，基数词；fifth第五，序数词。第一个空表示年纪，用基数词；第二个空表示第五个，用序数词，且five的序数词为fifth。故选C。29. C【解析】句意：你的小妹妹多大了？她只有六个月大。考查特殊疑问句以及年龄表达。how many多少；how old多大。根据答语“She i
41、s only old”可知，第一句是问年龄，排除A和B选项。six六，基数词；sixth第六，序数词。表达年龄要用基数词，故选C。30. D【解析】句意：今天是我女儿的生日。她十八岁。考查数词辨析。eighteenth第十八；eighteen十八。表达年龄：基数词+year(s)+old，故选D。31. A【解析】句意：一周有七天，周二是一周中的第三天。考查数词辨析。seven七；seventh第七；third第三；three三。第一空表示数量，要用基数词seven。第二空表示顺序，要用序数词third，故选A。32. C【解析】句意：三月是一年中的第三个月。那个月我们有一些有趣的日子，比如英
42、语节、运动节和学校开放日。考查序数词。first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四；March是三月，是一年中的第三个月。表示第几个月用序数词， the third month of a year“一年中的第三个月”，故选C。33. D【解析】句意：埃里克有一个棒球和四个棒球棒。考查数词和名词复数。one一；bat球拍；two二。空后的baseball是单数，因此排除B/C；由four可知，第二个空用复数形式。故选D。34. D【解析】句意：我班有47名学生，23名女生和24名男生。考查数词辨析。thirty-seven 37；sixty-seven 67；fifty-s
43、even 57；forty-seven 47。根据“twenty-three girls and twenty-four boys”可知，一共有47名学生，故选D。35. B【解析】句意：妇女节在三月八号。考查介词和序数词的用法。在具体的某一天使用介词on；表示在几号时使用序数词，第八eighth；of的，强调所属关系；on the eighth of March在三月八号。故选B。36. C【解析】句意：你在几班？七年级五班。考查编号的表达。在英语中，当班级和年级同时出现时，班级在前，年级在后，基数词放于class，grade之后，并且基数词与class，grade都要大写，故选C。37.
44、B【解析】句意：Mike的生日在1月份吗？是的。那将会是他的十二岁生日。考查介词以及数词辨析。to到；in后接某年某月某季节；at后接具体时刻；on后接具体某一天。“January”是月份，所以第一空填in。第二空指第十二个生日，要用序数词表顺序，故选B。38. D【解析】句意：你姐姐多久上一次网？一天三次。考查频度表达。three time表达错误；three times三次，回答数量；three time every day表达错误；three times a day一天三次，回答频率。“基数词+ times +时间”表示频率；how often多久一次，询问频率，可知three time
45、s a day符合语境，故选D。39. B【解析】句意：Ben是一位勤奋的作家。他五十岁时写了他的第五部小说。考查数词的用法。five五，基数词；fifth第五，序数词；fifty五十，基数词；fiftieth 第五十，序数词。根据句意，空一表示顺序，应用序数词，故排除A、D项；空二表示数量，应用基数词，故排除C项。故选B。40. B【解析】句意：辛迪非常喜欢邮票。到目前为止，她已经收集了来自不同国家的大约2000张邮票。考查数词的用法。表示确切的数量：基数词+数词的单数形式；表示概数：数词复数形式+of。空格前有基数词two，此空应填数词的单数形式，故选B。41. D【解析】句意：两千个人去大厅听那个100分钟的演讲。考查数词的用法。thousand前有具体数词修饰时要用单数形式，后接of时要用复数形式，排除AC；根据“the speech”可知“数词-名词单数”构成名词词组在句中作定语，故排除B项。故选D。15原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
