1、2021届高三英语测试题第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AExercising regularly not only helps you keep slim, but also improves your overall health and well-being. Different exercises produce different results, as they focus on alternate parts of the body.There are four
2、 broad exercise categories: endurance, strength, flexibility, and balance. Many people often only focus on one exercise type, but including all four in your workout will produce better results and reduce your risk of injury.EnduranceEndurance exercises increase your breathing and heart rate. By doin
3、g endurance exercises, you are working to keep your heart, lungs, and blood-flow system healthy while improving your total fitness.Over time these activities will make everyday activities seem easier.StrengthIf you want to build up your muscles, then strength exercises, which are also known as resis
4、tance training, are right for you. Even the slightest increase in strength can make a huge difference in your ability to carry out daily tasks. Developing strong muscles also reduces your risk of weak bones.FlexibilityFlexibility exercises help stretch your bodys muscles. This allows for more freedo
5、m of movement for other exercises and can also improve your range of motion, posture,ability to breathe deeply, and blood flow. Also, it reduces the muscle tension caused by stress.BalanceBalance exercises help prevent falls and are especially important to older adults, helping them stay independent
6、. Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constantly moving with your feet on the ground. Heel-to-toe walking and standing on one foot are simple ways to improve balance.1. How can a person benefit most from their exercise routine?A. By combining different exercise types together.B. By ha
7、ving sufficient rest between their workoutsC. By concentrating on one training aspect at a time.D. By increasing the frequency of their training gradually.2. Which exercise types are most useful to improve a persons breathing function?A. Strength and Balance.B. Flexibility and Balance.C. Endurance a
8、nd Strength.D. Endurance and Flexibility.3. Which part of the body plays the most important role in balance-related exercises? A. Arms.B. Legs.C. Waist.D. Neck.【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了可以产生更好的效果并减少受伤风险的四种锻炼。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ Many people often only focus on one exercise type, but incl
9、uding all four in your workout will produce better results and reduce your risk of injury.”（许多人通常只专注于一种锻炼类型，但是将所有四种锻炼都包括在内会产生更好的效果并减少受伤的风险）可知，通过将不同的运动类型组合在一起，可以让一个人从日常锻炼中受益最大。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Endurance exercises increase your breathing and heart rate.”（耐力运动可提高你的呼吸和心率）以及第四段中“This allows for mo
10、re freedom of movement for other exercises and can also improve your range of motion, posture,ability to breathe deeply, and blood flow.”（这样可以为其他运动提供更大的运动自由度，还可以改善你的运动范围，姿势，深呼吸能力和血液流动）可知，耐力和柔韧性锻炼对改善呼吸功能最有用。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Most good balance exercises are ones that keep you constantly moving
11、with your feet on the ground.”（大多数好的平衡练习都是让你脚踩在地上不停地运动）可知，腿在平衡锻炼中起主要作用。故选B项。【点睛】BThe history of microbiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, a man of no formal scientific education. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses he used to examine clo
12、th, built some of the first microscopes. He developed a technique to improve the quality of tiny, rounded lenses, some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times. After removing some plaque from between his teeth and examining it under a lens, Leeuwenhoek found tiny twisting creatures, which h
13、e called “animalcules”.His observations, which he reported to the Royal Society of London, are among the first descriptions of microbes, Leeuwenhoek discovered an entire universe invisible to the human eye. He found different microbes in samples of pond water, rain water, and human blood. He gave th
14、e first description of red blood cells, observed plant tissue, examined muscle, and investigated the life cycle of insects.Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoeks discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested t
15、hat disease originates from tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteurs theory later helped doctors to fight infectious diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs were the result of Leeuwenhoeks original work. Leeuwenhoek did
16、not foresee this legacy.In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this way: “My work, which Ive done for a long time, was not pursued in order to gain the praise I now enjoy, but chiefly from a strong desire for knowledge, which I notice resides in me more than in most other men. An
17、d therefore, whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have thought it my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that the scientific community might be informed thereof.”4. Which of the following best describes Leeuwenhoek?A. A trained researcher with an interest in microbiology.B. A curious a
18、mateur who made pioneer studies of microbes.C. A talented scientist interested in finding a cure for disease.D. A bored cloth maker who accidentally made a major discovery.5. The underlined phrase “this legacy” in paragraph 3 refers to_.A. the discovery of microbes.B. Pasteurs theory of disease.C. L
19、eeuwenhoeks contribution.D. the origin of the tiny organism.6. What does the quote from Leeuwenhoeks letter suggest?A. He admitted that many of his discoveries happened by chance.B. He considered his work to be central to later medical breakthroughs.C. He was greatly concerned with improving peoples
20、 living conditions.D. He believed the sharing of knowledge was a key to scientific progress7. What is the correct order for the following events?a. Magnifying lenses were built.b. The “theory of disease” was put forward.c. Microbes were discovered in samples of waters.d. Leeuwenhoeks first microscop
21、es were successfully developed.e. Leeuwenhoek explained his thoughts upon his own contribution.A. a-d-c-e-b.B. d-a-c-e-b.C. a-d-c-b-e.D. d-a-e-b-c.【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Antoni van Leeuwenhoek制作显微镜的过程以及Leeuwenhoek在观察微生物方面取得的贡献和他本人对自己贡献的看法。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“The history of micr
22、obiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, a man of no formal scientific education. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses he used to examine cloth, built some of the first microscopes. (微生物学的历史始于一位名叫Antoni van Leeuwenhoek的荷兰制布师，他没有受过正规的科学教育。17世
23、纪晚期，Leeuwenhoek受他用来检查布料的放大镜的启发，制造了第一批显微镜)”以及“After removing some plaque from between his teeth and examining it under a lens, Leeuwenhoek found tiny twisting creatures, which he called “animalcules”.(列文虎克从牙齿间取出一些菌斑，并用透镜检查后，他发现了微小的扭曲生物，他称之为“微生物”)”可知，Leeuwenhoek是一个好奇的业余爱好者，他对微生物进行了开创性的研究。故选B。【5题详解】词义猜
24、测题。根据画线词上文“Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoeks discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested that disease originates from tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteurs theory later helped doctor
25、s to fight infectious diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, polio, smallpox, tetanus, and typhoid. All these breakthroughs were the result of Leeuwenhoeks original work. (近两百年后，Leeuwenhoek对微生物的发现帮助法国化学家和生物学家Louis Pasteur提出了他的“疾病理论”。这一概念认为，疾病起源于微小的生物体攻击和削弱身体。巴斯德的理论后来帮助医生对抗了包括炭疽、白喉、小儿麻痹症、天花、破伤风和伤寒在内
26、的传染病。所有这些突破都是Leeuwenhoek的原创性工作的结果)”以及下一段中“In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this way(在1716年的一封信中，他这样描述自己对科学的贡献)”可知，Leeuwenhoek的发现对后来的疾病理论取得了重要的突破，而他本人并没有预见到他会有这些贡献。即画线词指的是“Leeuwenhoek的贡献”。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And therefore, whenever I found out anything remarkable, I have
27、 thought it my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that the scientific community might be informed thereof.(因此，每当我发现任何值得注意的事情时，我都认为我有责任把我的发现写在纸上，以便让科学界知道)”可推知，引用的Leeuwenhoek信中的话表明他相信分享知识是科学进步的关键。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses he used t
28、o examine cloth, built some of the first microscopes. He developed a technique to improve the quality of tiny, rounded lenses, some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times.(17世纪晚期，Leeuwenhoek受他用来检查布料的放大镜的启发，制造了第一批显微镜。他发明了一种技术来提高微小圆角透镜的质量，其中一些可以将物体放大270倍)”可知，a“制造了放大镜”排在第一，d“Leeuwenhoek的第一批显微
29、镜被成功研制出来”排在第二，故排除B、D选项；根据第二段中“He found different microbes in samples of pond water, rain water, and human blood.(他在池塘水、雨水和人类血液的样本中发现了不同的微生物)”可知c“在水的样本中发现了微生物”排在第三；根据最后一段中“In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this way(在1716年的一封信中，他这样描述了自己对科学的贡献)”可知，e“Leeuwenhoek 解释了他对自己的贡献的看法”排第
30、四；以及第三段中“Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoeks discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”.(近200年后，列文虎克对微生物的发现帮助法国化学家和生物学家巴斯德发展了他的“疾病理论”)”可知，b“提出了疾病理论”排第五。可知，事件的正确顺序是a-d-c-e-b。故选A。CAround 200 B. C, Aristophanes, an ancient Greek l
31、ibrarian, developed a system of marks to break up text to make it easier to read. Before this, words were often written in one long sentence without spaces between the words. Today in many languagesincluding English-there is a set of rules on how to use full stops, commas and other text marks. Howev
32、er, some believe this is changing. Dr Robert Frost, who studies language, says people no longer use full stops and other punctuation symbols because they feel their messages are clear enough without them. So, is punctuation helpful or just troublesome?Yespunctuation is importantPunctuation is needed
33、 in order to make the meaning of written words clear. If a parent messaged to say, “Its time to eat, children,” this is different from “Its time to eat children”. The second sentence would probably make you want to run in the opposite direction because it sounds as though children were on the menu.
34、The author Jonathan Pierce argues that punctuation can be used to add drama, to break up the sequence of words and change the rhythm of a sentence. “It allows writers to make sentences more interesting so the readers do not get bored,” Pierce claims. “Otherwise, the words run into each other and los
35、e their impact.” Besides, learning the different ways punctuation marks can be used is fun. It can add a lot to the style of writing and make it clearer.Nowe dont need itPunctuation. Even, if a sentence is badly punctuated, like this one: It can still be, understood. This short piece of text shows t
36、hat it is the words that are the important part of the sentence, not the symbols between them. Oxford-based linguist Kelly Jones says, “It is the order in which the words appear that conveys the meaning, not the punctuation marks. If there is any doubt in the meaning of the sentence, people are clev
37、er enough to work out what the person is really trying to say. For instance, when people speak, they do not use punctuation and yet we can still understand each other.” Also, punctuation can be confusingthere are lots of complex rules to observe, and if it is used incorrectly it can cause more probl
38、ems than if there were none, punctuation simply isnt needed.8. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To discuss alternative viewpoints.B. To support one argument over another.C. To evaluate the strength of competing ideas.D. To outline historical development of language.9. Who believes punctuation
39、is necessary?A. Robert Frost and Kelly Jones.B. Aristophanes and Robert Frost.C. Jonathan Pierce and Kelly Jones.D. Aristophanes and Jonathan Pierce.10. In paragraph 3, the underlined part is used as_.A. a definition.B. a fact.C. an example.D. an error.11. Which of the following can be a strong argu
40、ment against Kelly Joness opinion? A. Punctuation adds to the effect and richness of a language.B. Without punctuation, people would be breathless when speaking.C. Pauses and tones in speech serve similar functions to punctuation.D. The choice and order of words are important to conveying meaning.【答
41、案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了标点符号的发明历史以及从支持和反对两个方面论述了人们对于需不需要使用标点符号的看法。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“So, is punctuation helpful or just troublesome? (那么，标点符号是有用的还是麻烦的呢？)”结合文章从支持和反对两个方面论述了人们对于需不需要使用标点符号的看法，可推知，这篇文章的目的是讨论不同的观点。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Around 200 B. C, Aristophanes, an ancient Gree
42、k librarian, developed a system of marks to break up text to make it easier to read. (大约在公元前200年，古希腊图书管理员Aristophanes发明了一种标记系统，将文本分解，使其更易于阅读)”以及第二段中“The author Jonathan Pierce argues that punctuation can be used to add drama, to break up the sequence of words and change the rhythm of a sentence. “It
43、 allows writers to make sentences more interesting so the readers do not get bored,” Pierce claims. “Otherwise, the words run into each other and lose their impact.”(作者Jonathan Pierce认为，标点可以用来增加戏剧效果，打破词语的顺序，改变句子的节奏。Pierce称：“这能让作者把句子写得更有趣，这样读者就不会感到无聊。“否则，这些词互相碰撞就会失去它们的影响力。”)”可知，Aristophanes和Jonathan
44、Pierce认为标点是必要的。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Punctuation. Even if a sentence is badly punctuated, like this one: It can still be, understood. This short piece of text shows that it is the words that are the important part of the sentence, not the symbols between them. (标点符号。即使一个句子标点符号用得不好，就像下面这句话：它仍然可以，被理
45、解。这段简短文字表明，单词才是句子的重要组成部分，而不是它们之间的符号)”可推知，在第三段中，下划线部分是一个例子。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Oxford-based linguist Kelly Jones says, “It is the order in which the words appear that conveys the meaning, not the punctuation marks. If there is any doubt in the meaning of the sentence, people are clever enough to
46、 work out what the person is really trying to say. For instance, when people speak, they do not use punctuation and yet we can still understand each other.”(牛津大学的语言学家Kelly Jones说：“单词出现的顺序，而不是标点符号，就能传达意思。如果对这句话的意思有任何疑问，人们能聪明得理解这个人真正想说什么。例如，当人们说话时，他们不使用标点符号，但我们仍然可以理解对方。”)”可推知，Kelly Jones认为标点符号没有必要，因为人
47、们说话不使用标点符合也可以传达意思，结合选项可知C选项“说话中的停顿和声调与标点的作用相似”的观点可以有力地反驳Kelly Jones的观点。故选C。DTo many people, honey bees symbolize wealth, sustainability and environmentalism. But as a honey bee researcher, I have to tell you that only the first item on that list is defensible. Although they are important for agricul
48、ture, honey bees, which are usually imported from outside the local area, also disturb natural ecosystems by competing with native bees.For several years the media has told us that bee populations are under threat. In response to this media campaign tosave the bees, raising honey bees has become a p
49、opular hobby. But as a species, honey bees are least in need of saving. Much media attention is given to honey bees at the expense of native bees, and this has led many citizensmyself once includedto mistakenly believe they are doing a good thing for the environment by raising honey bees. Unfortunat
50、ely, theyare probably doing more harm than good.“Beekeeping is for people; its not a conservation practice, says Shelly Smith, an environmental science professor. People mistakenly think keeping honey bees also helps the native bees, which are at risk of extinction. Thats wrong.”Smith and her resear
51、ch team recently surveyed one thousand local people in Canada and found that they had a surprisingly poor understanding of bee types and their roles in promoting flower growth. Most peoples attention is on saving honey bees when, from a conservationists point of view, native bees are the ones in mor
52、e need of support.“To make matters worse, beekeeping companies and various non-science-based projects have financially benefited from the decline of native bee populations, Smith explains. These companies pretend they are interested in saving bees but their actions are actually damaging the native b
53、ee populations.”The introduction of honey bees increases competition with native bee populations for food,putting even more pressure on the wild species that are already in decline. Honey bees are extremely efficient food gatherers and take over almost all local flower resources, thus leading to dam
54、aging competitionthat is, where one species uses up a resource, not leaving enough to go around.12. Which statement does the writer argue for? A. Honey bees endanger native bees.B. Honey bees are a symbol of wealth.C. Honey bees are important for agriculture.D. Honey bees can defend natural ecosyste
55、ms.13. What can be inferred from paragraph 2?A. Beekeeping is a still-popular traditional hobby.B. The media is responsible for misleading the public.C. Citizens attempts to protect the environment are effective.D. The media campaign has failed to promote honey bee businesses.14. What surprised Shel
56、ly Smiths team?A. Beekeeping companies making great profits.B. The quick expansion of bee-friendly habitats.C. The publics ignorance of bee varieties and roles.D. Insufficient attention given to saving honey bees.15. How does the writer develop the last paragraph?A. By listing examples.B. By making
57、comparisons.C. By analyzing survey data.D. By explaining cause and effect.【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了如今养蜂在美国人中非常流行,但研究表明,对蜜蜂的错误热情很可能对野生蜜蜂造成损害。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“But as a species, honey bees are least in need of saving. Much media attention is given to honey bees at the expense
58、of native bees, and this has led many citizensmyself once includedto mistakenly believe they are doing a good thing for the environment by raising honey bees. Unfortunately, they are probably doing more harm than good.( 但是作为一个物种，蜜蜂是最不需要拯救的。媒体的关注不成比例地覆盖了它们，而忽略了本地传粉者，而且含糊不清的信息让许多市民(包括我自己在内)相信，戴上养蜂人的面纱
59、是在为环境做好事。不幸的是，它们可能弊大于利。)”以及第三段的“People mistakenly think keeping honey bees also helps the native bees, which are at risk of extinction. Thats wrong.( 人们错误地认为饲养蜜蜂或帮助蜜蜂是在某种程度上帮助本土蜜蜂，因为它们面临灭绝的危险。那是错误的)”可推断，作者认为蜜蜂不需要拯救，这样反而忽略了本土蜜蜂，并不会帮助本土蜜蜂，因此推断养蜂会危及本地蜜蜂。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Much media attention is gi
60、ven to honey bees at the expense of native bees, and this has led many citizensmyself once includedto mistakenly believe they are doing a good thing for the environment by raising honey bees. Unfortunately, theyare probably doing more harm than good.( 媒体的关注不成比例地覆盖了它们，而忽略了本地传粉者，而且含糊不清的信息让许多市民(包括我自己在内
61、)相信，戴上养蜂人的面纱是在为环境做好事。不幸的是，它们可能弊大于利。)”可推断，媒体应该为误导公众负责任。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Smith and her research team recently surveyed one thousand local people in Canada and found that they had a surprisingly poor understanding of bee types and their roles in promoting flower growth.(史密斯和她的研究团队最近调查了1000名加拿大当地
62、人，发现他们对蜜蜂类型和它们在促进花朵生长中的作用的了解非常少)”可知，史密斯团队对公众对蜜蜂的种类和作用的无知感到吃惊。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“The introduction of honey bees increases competition with native bee populations for food, putting even more pressure on the wild species that are already in decline. Honey bees are extremely efficient food gathe
63、rers and take over almost all local flower resources, thus leading to damaging competitionthat is, where one species uses up a resource, not leaving enough to go around.( 蜜蜂的引入加剧了与本土蜜蜂争夺食物的竞争，给已经在减少的野生物种带来了更大的压力。蜜蜂是非常高效的食物采集者，它们几乎占据了当地所有的花资源，从而导致了破坏性的竞争，也就是说，一个物种用光了一种资源，没有留下足够的资源供其他物种使用。)”可推断，作者通过分析
64、因果关系解释了引进的蜜蜂与本土蜜蜂之间的竞争。故选D。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分、满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Do you like the idea of running your own business from home? Most of you do, and the first things you say you like about it are being your own boss, having flexible hours and working in your pajamas._16_Bei
65、ng your own boss is definitely one big advantage._17_ You must commit to work on your business regularly to make profits. If not, you will find that your income becomes non-existent.So, have set office hours where you productively work on building your business._18_Doctors appointments and family co
66、mmitments can simply be worked into your schedule. Again, you need to arrange your appointments carefully and try to book them together. This way you can get all of your running around done in one day.Working in your pajamas may seem appealing initially. But it can also prevent you from actually get
67、ting your work done. _19_ After that, just walk into your office and start your days work. Being too casual means getting less work done on a regular basis.In order to run a successful business from home you need to have a good mindset._20_Taking off too many hours each week will damage your financi
68、al stability and long-term success. Set goals and limits on your time. Build your business first, before taking advantage of what working from home offers.A. But it can also become your downfall without care.B. Flexible hours are another huge plus of working from home.C. Once its achieved, youll hav
69、e more opportunities to develop business contacts.D. You may find it more efficient to get up, exercise, then shower and dress for work.E. This includes realizing that you and only you are responsible for your own income.F. One of the biggest drawbacks is that it is so easy to allow yourself to have
70、 excuses.G. While these benefits sound great, the reality of working from home can be a little different.【答案】16. G 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在家经营公司的好处和需要注意的事项。【16题详解】根据上文“Do you like the idea of running your own business from home? Most of you do, and the first things you say you
71、 like about it are being your own boss, having flexible hours and working in your pajamas.(你喜欢在家经营自己的公司吗？大多数人都是这样的，而且你喜欢的第一件事就是做自己的老板，有灵活的工作时间，穿着睡衣工作)”结合后文提到了一些在家工作的实际情况，可知本句与上文构成转折，说明虽然在家工作有好处，但是现实情况可能有点不同。故G选项“虽然这些好处听起来不错，但在家工作的现实情况可能有点不同”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Being your own boss is definitely one
72、big advantage.(做自己的老板绝对是一个很大的优势)”以及后文“You must commit to work on your business regularly to make profits. If not, you will find that your income becomes non-existent. So, have set office hours where you productively work on building your business.(你必须致力于你的业务定期赚取利润。如果没有，你会发现你的收入变得不存在。所以，要设定办公时间，让你高效地
73、建立自己的企业)”可知，上文提到做自己的老板是一个很大的优势，后文则提到了必须致力于定期赚取利润，可推测本句与上文构成转折，是在说明自己做老板的缺点。故A选项“但它也可能毫无顾忌地让你堕落”符合语境，故选A。【18题详解】根据后文“Doctors appointments and family commitments can simply be worked into your schedule. Again, you need to arrange your appointments carefully and try to book them together. This way you
74、can get all of your running around done in one day.(与医生的预约和家庭事务可以简单地列入你的日程。同样，你需要仔细安排你的预约，尽量一起预约。这样你就可以在一天之内完成所有的工作)”可知，后文提到与医生的预约和家务事可以得到合理安排，然后在一天之内完成，可知本段主要是在介绍在家工作的另一个好处是时间灵活。故B选项“灵活的工作时间是在家工作的另一大好处”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“Working in your pajamas may seem appealing initially. But it can also preven
75、t you from actually getting your work done.(乍一看，穿着睡衣工作似乎很吸引人。但它也会阻碍你真正完成工作)”以及后文“After that, just walk into your office and start your days work.(之后，只需走进办公室，开始一天的工作)”可知，上文提到在家工作会阻碍真正完成工作，且后文提到了走近办公室，可知本句是在描述日常外出上班的过程。故D选项“你可能会发现起床、锻炼、然后洗澡、穿衣服上班更有效率”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据上文“In order to run a successful b
76、usiness from home you need to have a good mindset.(为了在家经营成功的企业，你需要有一个良好的心态)”以及后文“Taking off too many hours each week will damage your financial stability and long-term success. Set goals and limits on your time. Build your business first, before taking advantage of what working from home offers.(每周休
77、息太多的时间会损害你的经济稳定和长期成功。设定目标和时间限制。在利用在家工作的好处之前，先建立自己的事业)”可知，上文提到在家经营企业需要良好的心态，可知本句应承接上文举例说明有哪些良好的心态需要建立。故E选项“这包括意识到你，而且只有你自己对自己的收入负责”符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Camogli looks like any other small Italian coastal town. The little _21_ houses
78、face the sea. The sunlight warms their beauty. But, look carefully and youll see many things that seem_22_.but theyre not.This fishing village is full of trompe loeil an art form in which nothing is what it appears to be. While some flowers die, others live for years. Why? Because theyre _23_ on the
79、 building!Trompe loeil has been around for centuries. _24_, Camoglis fishermen painted their houses in bright colors and unusual designs, so that they could see their homes _25_ from the water. Then,in the 1700s, it became a way to make small, simple buildings look _26_ and high-valued.And today? Th
80、ere are still many trompe loeil houses in villages like Camogli, but only a few artists are _27_ to paint them. Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists whos managed to make a business out of it.His _28_ are often people who want to improve their homes _29_. But for Carlo trompe loeils p
81、urpose is to bring something _30_ to a new place, such as bringing the city to the sea or even the deserts to the cities.Carlos painting style _31_ the past. He only uses old-style paints and mixes them by hand. He does so for one reason: to protect the trompe loeil _32_. He also believes this art s
82、hould be _33_ everywhere.Fortunately, in Camogli, local art and culture are still _34_. But remember, dont always _35_ your eyes!21. A. coloredB. crowdedC. dampD. wooden22. A. fancyB. novelC. realD. valuable23. A. carvedB. pressedC. paintedD. planted24. A. CreativelyB. MistakenlyC. FrequentlyD. Orig
83、inally25. A. closelyB. easilyC. happilyD. hopefully26. A. comfortableB. complicatedC. grandD. harmonious27. A. allowedB. availableC. responsibleD. introduced28. A. designersB. followersC. customersD. partners29. A. appearanceB. capacityC. convenienceD. privacy30. A. civilizedB. farawayC. naturalD. u
84、nexpected31 A. comes fromB. brings aboutC. goes againstD. leaves out32. A. artistsB. buildingsC. paintsD. traditions33. A. acceptedB. discussedC. learnedD. seen34. A. changingB. aliveC. diverseD. unique35. A. believeB. blockC. widenD. cheat【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. A 30
85、. D 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了卡莫利艺术形式的起源和发展，从多方面说明了这种艺术形式的美学价值。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小小的彩色房屋面朝大海。阳光温暖着它们的美丽。A. colored有色的；B. crowded拥挤的；C. damp潮湿的；D. wooden木质的。根据下文“Camoglis fishermen painted their houses in bright colors”可知，这些房屋是有颜色的。故选A项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，仔细看，你会发现许多看似有
86、价值的东西但事实并非如此。A. fancy幻想的；B. novel新颖的；C. real真实的；D. valuable有价值的。根据下文“This fishing village is full of trompe loeil an art form in which nothing is what it appears to be”可知，这个渔村充满了错视画，他是一种似乎什么都没有的艺术形式。因为是什么都没有，所以应该是看起来似乎是真实的，但是不是真实的。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为它们被涂在建筑物上！A. carved雕刻；B. pressed按压；C. paint
87、ed绘画；D. planted种植。根据下文“Camoglis fishermen painted their houses in bright colors”可知，这些花朵是画在屋子上的。故选C项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最初，Camogli的渔民用鲜艳的色彩和不寻常的图案为房屋涂漆，以便他们可以从水中轻松地看到自己的房屋。A. Creatively创造性地；B. Mistakenly错误地；C. Frequently频繁地；D. Originally最初。根据前文“Trompe loeil has been around for centuries.”可知，错视画这种艺术形式
88、已经存在几个世纪了，接下来介绍错视画的起源。故选D项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最初，Camogli的渔民用鲜艳的色彩和不寻常的图案为房屋涂漆，以便他们可以从水中轻松地看到自己的房屋。A. closely紧密地；B. easily容易地；C. happily愉快地；D. hopefully有希望地。根据常识可知，渔民将房屋涂上颜色是为了从水中轻松地看到自己的房屋。故选B项。26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，在1700年代，它成为一种使小型，简单的建筑物看起来和谐且高价值的方法。A. comfortable舒适的；B. complicated复杂的；C. grand气派的；
89、D. harmonious和谐的。根据后文“high-valued”可知，这样的艺术形式使得房屋看起来很气派、很高档。故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在像卡莫利这样的村庄中，仍然有很多错综复杂的房屋，但只有少数艺术家可以粉刷它们。A. allowed合法的；B. available可用的；C. responsible负责任；D. introduced引进的。根据后文“Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists whos managed to make a business out of it.”可知，能表达这种艺术
90、的艺术家很少见。故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的客户通常是想改善自己房屋外观的人。A. designers设计师；B. followers追随者；C. customers客户；D. partners伙伴。根据上文“make a business out of it”可知，他准备利用这种绘画能力做生意，表明找到他的人即他的客户。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的客户通常是想改善自己房屋外观的人。A. appearance外观；B. capacity容量；C. convenience便利；D. privacy私密。根据上文“Camoglis fishermen
91、 painted their houses in bright colors and unusual designs”可知，这些渔民设计和绘画的是房屋的外表。故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是对于Carlo trompe loeil来说，其目的是将自然的东西带到一个新的地方，例如将城市带入大海，甚至将沙漠带入城市。A. civilized文明的；B. faraway遥远的；C. natural自然的；D. unexpected意外的。根据后文“ such as bringing the city to the sea or even the deserts to the c
92、ities”可知，这种艺术形式的目的是将意想不到的事务带到一个新的地方。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：卡洛斯绘画风格来自于过去。A. comes from来自；B. brings about带来；C. goes against反对；D. leaves out离开。根据后文“He only uses old-style paints and mixes them by hand.”可知，他使用的绘画风格源于老式的的绘画风格。故选A项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这样做的原因之一是：保护错视的传统。A. artists艺术家；B. buildings建筑；C. pain
93、ts油漆；D. traditions传统。根据上文“Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists whos managed to make a business out of it.”可知，能表达这种艺术的艺术家越来越少了，意在表明他想保护这种艺术。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还认为，这种艺术应该随处可见。A. accepted接受；B. discussed讨论；C. learned学习；D. seen看见。根据常识可知，艺术是让人观看的。故选D项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在卡莫利，当地
94、的艺术和文化依然活跃。A. changing变化的；B. alive活跃的；C. diverse多样化的；D. unique独特的。根据上文“There are still many trompe loeil houses in villages like Camogli”可知，当今这种艺术和文化依然广泛存在。故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是请记住，不要总是相信自己的眼睛！A. believe相信；B. block阻止；C. widen扩大；D. cheat作弊。根据上文“But, look carefully and you ll see many things that
95、 seem valuable.but theyre not.”可知，你认为你看到的东西很宝贵，但其实事实并非如此，意在表明不要总是相信自己的眼睛。故选A项。第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A comforting cup of tea is an essential part of the day for hundreds of millions of people around the globe. Worldwide, three cups of tea _36_ (consume) for every cup
96、 of coffee. To_37_(full) appreciate the ancient roots of the herbal drink, a visit to the China National Tea Museum might be in order. The institution has a long history._38_(locate)in Hangzhou, the museum occupies a parklike setting. Inside, various halls demonstrate the story of tea, its ceremonie
97、s and its tools. Records of tea drinking date as far back as the _39_ (ten) century B.C. in China. Originally the leaves were baked into a brick, a part of _40_ could be broken off and made into a powder. Tea spread into northern China during the Tang Dynasty; by the Song Dynasty it _41_(acquire) a
98、loose-leaf production as well as the ceremonies that made its consumption _42_ art form.The art of tea extended to its fancy containers, which are _43_ display at the museum.Gracefully rounded kettles date back 5,000 years; tea bowls from the Tang Dynasty have a beautiful simplicity. Today _44_ (vis
99、it) can observe a tea ceremony that might be enough _45_(change) even the most passionate coffee drinker【答案】36. are consumed 37. fully 38. Located 39. tenth 40. which 41. had acquired 42. an 43. on 44. visitors 45. to change【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。对全球数亿人来说，一杯令人舒适的茶是一天中必不可少的一部分。要想充分了解这种草药饮料的古老起源，最好还是参观中国茶叶博物
100、馆。文章主要介绍了中国饮茶习俗的历史以及传播历程。【36题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：在世界范围内，每喝一杯咖啡就要喝三杯茶。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为three cups of tea，谓语动词用复数。故填are consumed。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：要想充分了解这种草药饮料的古老起源，最好还是参观中国茶叶博物馆。修饰后文动词appreciate，应用副词fully，作状语。故填fully。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该博物馆位于杭州，拥有公园般的环境。结合句意表示“位于”可知短语为be located in
101、，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Located。【39题详解】考查数词。句意：在中国，关于喝茶的记载可以追溯到公元前10世纪。根据上文定冠词the，且表示“十世纪”应用序数词tenth。故填tenth。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：最初，人们把树叶烤成砖，把砖的一部分打碎，做成粉末。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词brick，作介词of的宾语，指物，在“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句中只能用关系代词which。故填which。【41题详解】考查动词时态。句意：茶叶在唐代传入中国北方；到了宋朝，它已经获得了散装生产和使喝茶成为了一种
102、艺术形式的仪式。根据上文“by the Song Dynasty”可知表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had acquired。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：茶叶在唐代传入中国北方；到了宋朝，它已经获得了散装生产和使喝茶成为了一种艺术形式的仪式。form为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且art是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：茶的艺术延伸到其别致的容器，这些容器正在博物馆中展出。结合句意表示“在展出”可知短语为be on display。故填on。【44题详解】考查名词的数。句意：今天，游客们可以观摩到一场足以改变最热衷喝咖啡的人的茶道。空
103、处作主语，表示“游客”应用名词visitor，且表示数量大于一应用复数。故填visitors。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，游客们可以观摩到一场足以改变最热衷喝咖啡的人的茶道。结合句意表示“足以做某事”可知短语为be enough to do sth.。故填to change。第四部分 写作 (共两节,满分40分)第一节 (满分15分)46. 假定你是李华,上周你校举办了首届生活技能云端展示活动,主题为“劳动创造美好生活( Work Creates a Better Life)”。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括：1.活动主题；2.展示内容(烹任、急救等)；3.活动反响。注意：1
104、.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。The First Online Life Skills Show_【答案】The first online life skills show with the theme of Work Creates a Better Life was held in our school hall last Friday morning, which drew the attention of every student and teacher.Twenty students from different classes took part
105、 in it. All the participants made wonderful presentations around the theme, showing the audience the skills about cooking and first aid,which is of great use in our daily life. Everyone thinks highly of this activity, for it is not only a good chance to help the students improve their life skills bu
106、t also enriches our school life.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生用英语为主题为“劳动创造美好生活( Work Creates a Better Life)”的活动写一篇报道。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时和一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.活动主题；2.展示内容(烹任、急救等)；3.活动反响。第二步:列提纲 with the theme of; draw attention; take part in; be of great use; t
107、hink highly of第三步：连词成句1. The first online life skills show with the theme of Work Creates a Better Life was held in our school hall last Friday morning, which drew the attention of every student and teacher.2. Twenty students from different classes took part in it.3. All the participants made wonder
108、ful presentations around the theme, showing the audience the skills about cooking and first aid, which is of great use in our daily life.4. Everyone thinks highly of this activity, for it is not only a good chance to help the students improve their life skills but also enriches our school life.根据提示及
109、关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇1.表并列补充关系：and，not onlybut (also)2.表因果关系：for 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 The first online life skills show with the theme of Work Creates a Better Life was held in our school hall last Friday morning, which drew the attention of every student and te
110、acher.（which引导非限定性定语从句）高分句型2 Everyone thinks highly of this activity, for it is not only a good chance to help the students improve their life skills but also enriches our school life.（for引导原因状语从句）第二节(满分25分)47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。It took place in a teachers family. One day, Ben was
111、 playing basketball in the living room after school, when he accidentally threw the ball at a vase sitting on the shelf. The vase dropped to the floor and a large piece broke off. What made Ben more upset was that the vase was not a common decoration but an antique, which was handed down through gen
112、erations from the 18th century. It was also his mothers favourite possession. To cover his terrible action, the terrified boy glued the pieces together hastily and put the vase back to its place.As the mother herself dusted the vase every day, she naturally noticed the cracks(裂纹) that evening. To he
113、r surprise, the repair work was actually very good. At dinner time, she asked her boy if he broke the vase. Fearing punishment, the suddenly inspired boy said that a neighbours cat jumped in from the window and he couldnt drive it away no matter how hard he tried. It raced around the living room and
114、 finally knocked the vase off its shelf. His mother was quite clear that her son was lying, for all the windows were closed before she left for work each morning and opened after she returned. However, in the face of her sons nervous eyes and the suspicious looks of the other family members. Bens mo
115、ther remained calm. She realized she shouldnt just simply blame and punish her son for lying. She came up with another idea.Before going to bed, the boy found a note from his mother in his room, asking him to go to the study at once. The boy thought he would now be punished but, as he had already li
116、ed, he was determined to deny everything to the end, no matter how angry his mum became.In the study, calmly bathed in the light, his mothers face showed no sign of anger. On seeing her son push open the door and cautiously enter, she took a chocolate box out of a drawer and gave him one.注意:1.续写词数应1
117、50左右The mother said, This chocolate is a reward for your imagination: a window-opening cat!”_Now with some chocolates in hand, the boys bad attitude disappeared._【答案】The mother said,“This chocolate is a reward for your imagination - a window-opening cat!” Hearing her sincere appreciation, Ben flushe
118、d, lowered his head and muttered a thank-you. Surprisingly, the mother took out another chocolate and pressed it into his hand.“This one is for the delicate repair work you did to the broken vase.”She also added that she was moved by how much the boy cherished the family possessions. At these hearty
119、 remarks, Ben felt a flow of shame through his veins, and had to duck his head even lower. The mother then calmly encouraged Ben to reward himself more chocolate for any other merits he had displayed in this event. He did as was told to, confessing that he was calm when facing the accident.Now with
120、some chocolate in hand, the boys bad attitude disappeared.His palm and forehead sweating, nervousness welled up inside him. After what seemed a long time, he looked up at his mother, admitted that it was not the cat but he that had broken the vase accidentally and asked for punishment.“Im sorry I li
121、ed to you, mum. Please take back the chocolate.” Feeling so ashamed, Ben couldnt hold back his tears. He opened his palm wide, ready to return the chocolate. To his surprise, however, his mother placed the whole bag of chocolate in his hand, smiling. “Honesty deserves the best reward, my dear.”【解析】【
122、分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Ben不小心打碎花瓶，并对妈妈说谎是猫打碎的，妈妈并没有责备他，拿出巧克力诱导他做一个诚实的人，Ben最后说出了真相，得到了妈妈的奖励的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“妈妈说这个巧克力是你想象力的回报，一只从开着的窗子进来的猫！”可知，第一段可描写妈妈用奖励巧克力的方式诱导Ben承认自己打碎了花瓶。由第二段首句内容“现在手里拿着巧克力，男孩的沮丧的态度消失了。”可知，第二段可描写Ben良心不安，无法继续装作是猫打碎的花瓶，对妈妈坦白错误的经过。2.续写线索：奖励羞愧不安坦白奖励感悟3词汇激活行为类奖励：reward/hearty remarks/
123、encourage for坦白：admit/confess情绪类羞愧：lower his head/shame/be sorry for不安：palm and forehead sweating/nervousness【点睛】高分句型1.Hearing her sincere appreciation, Ben flushed, lowered his head and muttered a thank-you.（现在分词作伴随状语）高分句型2 She also added that she was moved by how much the boy cherished the family possessions.（that 引导的宾语从句）高分句型3 After what seemed a long time, he looked up at his mother, admitted that it was not the cat but he that had broken the vase accidentally and asked for punishment.（what引导的宾语从句、after引导时间状语从句以及强调句型）
