1、高考精品真题重组练 一限时40分钟.阅读理解Passage 1(2020新高考卷B)Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree.That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to ear
2、n a bachelors degree.Mauer,of Edgar,Wisconsin,grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children.Her dad worked at a job away from the farm,and her mother ran the farm with the kids.After high school,Jennifer attended a local technical college,working to pay her tuition(学费),because there was no extra mone
3、y set aside for a college education.After graduation,she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own.She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something
4、 she loves:nursing.She chose the UW-Eau Claireprogram at Ministry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home.She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.Jennifer received great support from her family as she wo
5、rked to earn her degree:Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills,and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.Through it all,she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors.Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to achieve her goal,giving up manynights with her kids an
6、d missing important events to study.“Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,”she says.However,her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree.Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration t
7、o her family and thats pretty powerful.【文章大意】文章讲述了一个在农场长大的女子高中毕业后一边工作一边读完技术学校,并供弟弟妹妹完成学业,成家后又重返校园攻读学位,不仅为孩子树立了榜样,也成为家族的荣耀。1.What did Jennifer do after high school?A.She helped her dad with his work.B.She ran the family farm on her own.C.She supported herself through college.D.She taught her sisters
8、and brothers at home.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的After high school,Jennifer attended a local technical college,working to pay her tuition.可知她高中毕业后半工半读上完大学,故选C。2.Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield?A.To take care of her kids easily.B.To learn from the best nur
9、ses.C.To save money for her parents.D.To find a well-paid job there.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的She chose the UW-Eau Claire program.because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home.She could.be home in the evening to help with her kids.可知她为了方便照顾孩子选择了离家近的学校。故选A。3.What did Jennifer sacrifice
10、to achieve her goal?A.Her health.B.Her time with family.C.Her reputation.D.Her chance of promotion.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal,giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.可知她牺牲了很多和孩子在一起的时光,错过了很多重要的事情。故选B。4.What can we learn from Jennifers
11、 story?A.Time is money.B.Love breaks down barriers.C.Hard work pays off.D.Education is the key to success.【解析】选C。推理判断题。全文侧重讲Jennifer努力克服困难实现自己的梦想的故事,和C项“付出就会有回报”相符。Passage 2(2020新高考卷D)According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research,both the size and consumption habits of our eating c
12、ompanions can influence our food intake.And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份),its the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.To test the effect of social influence on eating habits,the researchers conducted
13、two experiments.In the first,95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上)participate in a study about movie viewership.Before the film began,each woman was asked to help herself to a snack.An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first.In her natural state
14、,the actor weighed 105 pounds.But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food.The participants followed suit,taking more food than they normally would have.However,they took
15、significantly more when the actor was thin.For the second test,in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls.In the other case,she took 30 pieces.The results were similar to the first test:the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor
16、 took 30 pieces.The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when were making decisions.If this fellow participant is going to eat more,so will I.Call it the“Ill have what shes having”effect.However,well adjust the influence.If an overweight person is having a large portion,Il
17、l hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.But if a thin person eats a lot,Ill follow suit.If he can eat much and keep slim,why cant I?【文章大意】本文介绍了一项关于就餐同伴的体形和就餐习惯会影响他人的食物摄入量的研究。研究表明“从他心理”的影响的确存在,但人们也会根据自己对就餐同伴的看法有所调整。5.What is the recent study mainly about?A.Food safety.B.Movie
18、 viewership.C.Consumer demand.D.Eating behavior.【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据整篇短文的内容特别是第一段中第一句研究的结论可知文章主要在讲就餐同伴会影响人们的食物摄入量,故选D。6.What does the underlined word“beanpoles”in Paragraph 1 refer to?A.Big eaters.B.Overweight persons.C.Picky eaters.D.Tall thin persons.【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据前面“和现存研究的结论你应该避免和肥胖且吃得多的人在一起吃饭相反”可知,我
19、们要避免的应该是身材苗条但是吃得多的人;还有根据两次实验的结果可知,就餐同伴如果苗条且吃得很多的话,就会使同餐者的食物摄入量大增,可知,就餐时一定要避免和身材苗条但食物摄入量大的人在一起,不然就会摄入过多的食物。故选D。7.Why did the researchers hire the actor?A.To see how she would affect the participants.B.To test if the participants could recognize her.C.To find out what she would do in the two tests.D.T
20、o study why she could keep her weight down.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据研究的结论可知,雇演员就是为了证明就餐者的食物摄入量是否受就餐同伴的影响,故雇用这个演员的作用就是看看她会如何影响其他就餐者。故选A。8.On what basis do we“adjust the influence”according to the last paragraph?A.How hungry we are.B.How slim we want to be.C.How we perceive others.D.How we feel about the food.【
21、解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,如果一个超重的人吃得很多,就餐同伴就会吃得相对少些,因为看到了大吃的后果;但是如果一个苗条的人吃得多,就餐同伴就会有“他吃得多且能保持苗条,我也可以”的心理,因此调整是建立在如何看待就餐同伴的前提之上的,故选C。.完形填空(2018全国卷)During my second year at the city college,I was told that the education department was offering a“free”course,called Thinking Chess,for three credits.I 1the id
22、ea of taking the class because,after all,who doesnt want to 2a few dollars?More than that,Id always wanted to learn chess.And,even if I werent 3enough about free credits,news about our 4was appealing enough to me.He was an international grandmaster,which 5I would be learning from one of the games 6.
23、I could hardly wait to 7him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart,a former graduate returning to teach,and this 8was no game for him;he meant business.In his introduction,he made it 9that our credits would be hard-earned.In order to10the class,among other criteria,we had to write a paper on how we plan
24、to 11what we would learn in class to our future professions and,12,to our lives.I managed to get an A in that 13and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 14.Ten years after my chess class with Ashley,Im still putting to use what he15me:“The absolute most important 16that you learn
25、 when you play chess is how to make good 17.On every single move you have to 18a situation,process what your opponent(对手)is doing and 19the best move from among all your options.”These words still ring true today in my 20as a journalist.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者在大学期间修学了免费的国际象棋课程,从老师那里学到很多受益终身的技能。1.A.pu
26、t forwardB.jumped atC.tried outD.turned down【解析】选B。词义辨析题。由上下文可知,我得知教育系开设了一门“免费”课程,我“欣然接受”了去修学这门课程的想法。A项意为“提出”;B项意为“欣然接受,急切地接受”;C项意为“试验,试用”;D项意为“拒绝”。2.A.wasteB.earnC.saveD.pay【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。我修学这门免费课程是为了“节省”钱。A项意为“浪费”;B项意为“挣得,获得”;C项意为“节省,节约”;D项意为“支付,偿还”。3.A.excitedB.worriedC.movedD.tired【解析】选A。词义辨析题。由句意
27、可知,即使我对免费的学分不那么“兴奋”,有关授课老师的消息也非常吸引人。A项意为“兴奋的”;B项意为“担心的”;C项意为“感动的”;D项意为“厌烦的”。4.A.titleB.competitorC.textbookD.instructor【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。由上句的分析和下句的He was an international grandmaster可知,作者修学此课程是出于对授课者的喜爱。A项意为“称号,头衔”;B项意为“竞争者,对手”;C项意为“课本,教科书”;D项意为“指导者,教师,教练”。空前的our提示A项错误。5.A.urgedB.demandedC.heldD.meant【解析
28、】选D。逻辑推理题。此句意为:教授这门课程的老师是一位国际象棋大师,这“意味着”我会向这个项目最好的选手学习。A项意为“催促”;B项意为“要求,需要”;C项意为“坚持,持有”;D项意为“意味着”。此空后面的内容是对上文an international grandmaster的进一步解释说明,mean(that).意为“意味着”,符合语境。6.A.fastestB.easiestC.bestD.rarest【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据上文可知,教练是国际象棋大师,作者能师从这个项目最好的选手之一,故选择best,意为“最好的人(或事物)”,符合语境。7.A.interviewB.meetC.c
29、hallengeD.beat【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。我决定要修学此门课程,老师又是一位大师,我迫不及待地想见到他。A项意为“接见,采访”;B项意为“与见面”;C项意为“向挑战”;D项意为“打败”。8.A.chanceB.qualificationC.honorD.job【解析】选D。背景常识题。Maurice Ashley和蔼、聪明,是一位以前的毕业生回来教学的,他做的应该是“工作”。9.A.realB.perfectC.clearD.possible【解析】选C。词义辨析题。在他的介绍中,他清楚地表明我们的学分不会轻易地获得。A项意为“真实的,真正的”;B项意为“完美的”;C项意为“清楚的
30、”;D项意为“可能的”。10.A.attendB.passC.skipD.observe【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。为了通过这门课程,我们得写一篇论文。A项意为“出席,上课”;B项意为“通过,使及格”;C项意为“跳过,略过”;D项意为“观察,遵循,庆祝”。11.A.addB.exposeC.applyD.compare【解析】选C。词义辨析题。在论文中我们要说明如何把在课堂上学到的东西“应用到”未来的职业中去。A项意为“增添,添加”;B项意为“揭露,揭发,显示”;C项意为“应用”;D项意为“比较”。12.A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.directlyD.normally【解析
31、】选A。逻辑推理题。此处意为把在课堂上学到的东西应用到未来的职业中,“最终”应用到自己的生活中去。A项意为“最终,最后”;B项意为“自然地”;C项意为“直接地”;D项意为“正常地”。此处与前面为递进关系,应该选择A项。13.A.gameB.presentationC.courseD.experiment【解析】选C。词汇复现题。我在那门“课程”中获得了优秀。根据文章首句中the education department was offering a“free”course可知,此处选择C项。14.A.criterionB.classroomC.departmentD.situation【解析】
32、选B。逻辑推理题。在那门课程中我学到了在“课堂”之外获益终身的教益。A项意为“标准,准则”;B项意为“课堂”;C项意为“系,部,部门”;D项意为“情况,处境”。15.A.taughtB.wroteC.questionedD.promised【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。在向老师学习国际象棋的十年后,我仍然在运用着老师“教”给我的东西。16.A.factB.stepC.mannerD.skill【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。此处意为下象棋时学到的最重要的“技能”。A项意为“事实”;B项意为“步骤,措施”;C项意为“方式”;D项意为“技能,技术”。17.A.gradesB.decisionsC.impre
33、ssionsD.comments【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。此处意为下象棋时学到的最重要的技能就是如何做出好的“决策”。A项意为“等级,分数”;B项意为“决策,决定”;C项意为“印象”;D项意为“评论”。18.A.analyzeB.describeC.rebuildD.control【解析】选A。背景常识题。下象棋时每走一步都必须“分析”局势。A项意为“分析”;B项意为“描述”;C项意为“重建,复原”;D项意为“控制”。19.A.announceB.signalC.blockD.evaluate【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。下象棋时每走一步都必须分析局势,判断对手的下法,从所有的选择中“估计”出最佳
34、的走法。A项意为“宣布”;B项意为“发出信号”;C项意为“阻碍”;D项意为“估计”。20.A.roleB.desireC.concernD.behavior【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。这些话在如今我作为一名新闻记者的“角色”中仍然很真实。A项意为“角色,任务”;B项意为“要求,欲望”;C项意为“关心,忧虑”;D项意为“行为,举止”。as a journalist点明作者的社会角色。.语法填空(2018全国卷)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal,runners live three years 1.(long)than no
35、n-runners.You dont have to run fast or for long 2.(see)the benefit.You may drink,smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3.(die)early by running.While running regularly cant make you live forever,the review says it 4.(be)more effective at lengthening life 5.walking,cycling or swimming.Two
36、of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6.showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7.(cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do.But otherwise.its probably running.To avoid knee pain,you can
37、 run on soft surfaces,do exercises to 8.(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes.Running is cheap,easy and its always 9.(energy).If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give 10.a try.【文章大意
38、】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了跑步对身体健康的影响,以及应该注意的事项。1.【解析】longer。考查副词的比较级。根据空后的than和句意可知,此处应该使用比较级形式,故填longer。2.【解析】to see。考查非谓语动词。此处意为:你不必跑很快或很久就能看到好处。应该使用不定式形式表示目的。3.【解析】dying。考查非谓语动词。此处作介词of的宾语,且后有副词early作状语,故填动词die的-ing形式dying。4.【解析】is。考查时态和主谓一致。根据全文可知,文章叙述的是一般的客观陈述的事实,故使用一般现在时。it指代上文的running regularly,是单数,故填is
39、。5.【解析】than。考查连词。根据前面的more effective可知,此处表示“跑步在延长生命方面比步行、骑车或游泳更有效”,故使用表示比较形式的连词than。6.【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知,此处是定语从句的关系代词,在定语从句中作主语,其先行词是study,故填that/which。7.【解析】causes。考查可数名词复数。此处的cause是名词,表示“原因”。根据其前的all可知,应该使用复数形式,故填causes。8.【解析】strengthen。考查动词。根据句子结构可知,此处应该使用不定式形式作目的状语,故填动词strengthen。9.【解析】energetic。考查词性转换。根据句子结构可知,此处应该使用与其前的cheap、easy词性相同的形容词energetic作表语。10.【解析】it/running。考查代词或名词。根据句意可知,此处表示“我们都应该试着跑跑步”,故填代词it,指代上文的running或者直接填running。
