1、栏目导引语法精讲考点整合语法专练知能闯关第二部分 第四讲欢迎来到英语课堂第四讲动词和动词短语一、动词词义辨析常见形近动词小结：综观近几年高考试题对动词的考查不难发现，高考题中所给的四个选项常出现词形相似的情况，考生在平时遇到词形相近的动词应注意归纳。这里总结了一些常见的形似动词：1translate(翻译)，transport(运输)，transplant(移植)，transform(改变，转变)；2conserve(保护)，preserve(保护，维护)，reserve(保留)；3commit(犯)，submit(提交，呈递)，permit(允许)，admit (承认)；4imply(暗示)
2、，apply(应用)，supply(提供)，reply(答复)；5inspect(检查),expect(期待),respect(尊敬),suspect(怀疑)；6resist(抵抗)，persist(持续)，insist(坚持)，assist(帮助)，consist(由组成)；7rise(上升)，arise(出现)，raise(提高)，arouse(唤醒)；8affect(影响)，afford(买得起，提供)，offer(给予，提供)；9succeed(成功)，proceed(进行)，exceed(超越)；10explode(爆炸)，explore(考查，探究)，export(出口)；11re
3、quire(要求),acquire(获得),inquire(询问),inspire(鼓舞)；12contribute(捐献)，distribute(分配)；13adapt(使适应)，adopt(采纳，收养)；14consume(消耗)，assume(假定)。1(2014高考江苏卷)Top graduates from universities are _ by major companies.AchasedBregisteredCofferedDcompensated解析：考查动词辨析。句意：大学的优秀毕业生被各大公司追逐。chase“追逐，追求”；register“登记，注册”；offer“
4、提供”；compensate“补偿，赔偿”。大学的优秀毕业生显然是各大公司竞相追逐(chase)的目标。A 2.(2014高 考 天 津 卷)My parents always _ great importance to my getting a good education.Ahave BattachCaccept Dpay解析：考查动词词义辨析及固定搭配。句意：我的父母一直非常重视让我得到良好的教育。attach great importance to“认为非常重要”，为固定搭配，符合句意。B 3(2014高考福建卷)It is widely acknowledged that stude
5、nts should be _in terms of overall quality.AsupportedBmatchedCevaluated DcontrolledC 4(2014高考浙江卷)No matter how carefully you plan your finances，no one can _ when the unexpected will happen.AproveBimplyCdemandDpredictD 5(2014高考江西卷)I dont believe what you said,but if you can prove it,you may be able t
6、o _ me.Aconvince Binform Cguarantee DrefuseA二、动词短语辨析break短语break away from脱离；背叛；break down损坏；(化学)分解；(汽车)抛锚；垮掉；break in闯入，强行进入；插嘴，打断；break into闯入；打断，突然(笑、唱等)起来；break off打断；折断；break out(战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发；break up(物理)分解；粉碎，破碎；结束；散开，解散The car broken down just north of Pairs.汽车在巴黎以北的地方抛锚了。hold短语bring短语hold
7、back隐瞒；阻碍；犹豫；控制(情感)；hold out伸出；坚持，维持；hold up阻挡，使停顿；支撑得住；hold on等着；别挂断；坚持住;hold on to保留;抓住不放Id hold on to that house for the time being；house prices are rising sharply at the moment.我目前要守住那套房子，这段时间房价涨得很快。bring about引起，导致；bring back把送回，归还；使回忆起；bring down使倒下；降低；bring in引进；挣得；bring out使罢工；阐明；出版；bring up
8、教育，培养The government has taken measures to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.政府已经采取措施来降低日用品的高价格，以保持市场稳定。make短语make sense有意义,讲得通；make it及时到达；成功；make up编造；化妆；组成，构成；补齐，凑足；铺床；和好；make up for补偿，弥补；make up of由构成；make room for让地方；make fun of取笑；make use of利用；make way for为开路，让
9、路；make up ones mind打定主意，决定The boy is working harder than ever，hoping to make up for the time he has wasted playing online games.为了把浪费在网络游戏上的时间弥补回来，男孩比之前学习更努力。come短语come about发生，产生；come along跟随；come across(偶然)遇见(或发现)；come off从离开，脱落；come on来吧，赶快；come out出来；(书)出版；come to共计，达到；come up with追上，赶上；想出(主意)；找
10、出(答案)(2013高考新课标全国卷)Would you like to come along with us to the film tonight？今晚你愿意和我们一起去看电影吗？put短语put aside放在一边；put away收起来放好；储蓄；put back放回原处；拨回；推迟；put down放下；平定，镇压；记下；put forward提出(计划、建议等)；拨快；提前；put off延期，推迟；使分神；put out扑灭；生产；公布；put through接通电话；put up提出；建造；举起；张贴，公布；留宿，过夜；put up with容忍He decided that
11、he would drive all the way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.他决定当晚直接开车回家，而不住旅馆。get短语get across被理解；get along/on with进展；与和睦相处；get down下来；记下；get down to开始认真干；get off出发；下车；get over克服；get through通过；打通(电话)；用完，耗尽(2013高考江苏卷)Team leaders must ensure that all members get over their natural d
12、esire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.团队领导者必须要确保所有的队员克服本能的欲望以避免犯错误带来的尴尬。set短语give短语set about着手干；开始做；set aside暂时不考虑；把放到一旁；省出，留出；set off动身；引爆；引起，激发；set out开始；动身；陈述，阐明Both sides agreed to set aside the question of independence.双方同意把独立的问题搁置不提。give away泄露；颁发；赠送；give back归还；使恢复；
13、give in屈服；呈交；give off发出，放出(气味、光、热等)；give out用尽，耗尽；分发；公布,发表；发出(光、热等)；give up放弃He said he wasnt disappointed at the result of the final exam，but the look on his face gave himself away.他说他对期末考试的结果不失望，但是他脸上的表情出卖了他。take短语turn短语take charge of负责，掌管；take in吸收；欺骗，蒙骗；改小，改瘦；take off(飞机)起飞；脱下；休假；迅速流行；(事业)腾飞；tak
14、e on呈现；雇用；承担(责任)；take over接管，接任；take the place of代替；take up从事；拿起；占据(时间或空间)His life had taken on a new dimension.他的生活呈现出新的面貌。turn away转身，走开；打发走；turn down拒绝；调小；turn off关掉；turn on打开；turn out结果；证明是；关掉；生产，制造；turn over打翻；仔细思量；移交；turn to求助于；翻到，转到；turn up调大；出现You look upset.Whats the matter？你看起来很沮丧，怎么了？I ha
15、d my proposal turned down again.我的提议再次遭到了拒绝。其他常考的动词短语account for解释，说明；answer for对负责，担保，担忧；consist of包括，由组成；contribute to有助于，导致；figure out想清楚，弄明白，算出；focus on/upon集中(精神、注意力)于；insist on坚持要求；object to反对；point out指出；refer to提到，指的是，查阅；meet with偶遇；result in结果是，导致；see to照看；处理；负责；show off炫耀；stick to坚持，不放弃；us
16、e up耗尽，用尽；wear out耗尽，使筋疲力尽Can you account for your movements on that night？你能解释一下那晚的活动吗？温馨提示 多词动词短语多词动词短语多由三个单词构成，因词数多、构词巧而备受高考命题者的重视。常见的多词动词短语有：动词短语意义动词短语意义keep up withend up withcatch up withget rid of赶上以告终赶上消灭get away withget away fromdate back tolook back to/on做错事而不受处罚脱离追溯至回顾动词短语意义动词短语意义look up
17、tolook out forlook down uponlook forward tolive up todress oneself in尊敬do harm/good to 给带来坏/好处警惕do wrong to委屈瞧不起do away with废除期盼do damage to给造成损坏不辜负devote oneself to献身于穿着seat oneself on坐在(2015浙江杭州二中、学军中学等五校联考)As winter gives way to spring，students are looking forward to outdoor activities.冬去春来，学生们正期
18、待着户外活动。B2(2014高 考 湖 北 卷)Is this your necklace，Mary?I _ it when I was cleaning the bathroom this morning.Acame across Bdealt withClooked afterDwent for 解析：考查动词短语意义辨析。句意：玛丽，这是你的项链吗？我今天早上打扫浴室的时候看到的。come across意为“(偶然)遇到”，符合句意。deal with“处理”；look after“照看”；go for“想要获得，争取得到”。A 3(2014高考湖北卷)Ive been trying t
19、o phone Charles all evening，but there must be something wrong with the network；I cant seem to _.Aget throughBget offCget inDget along A 4(2014高考大纲全国卷)Caroline doesnt have a gift for music，but she _ it with hard work.Agoes back onBtakes away fromCmakes up forDcatches up with C 5(2014高考安徽卷)Terry，pleas
20、e_ your cellphonewhen Grandma is talking to you.Alook up fromBlook intoClook back onDlook throughA 6(2014高 考 江 西 卷)Anyway,were here now，so lets _ some serious work.Acome up with Bget down to Cdo away with Dlive up to B(2014高考安徽卷)Shakespeares writing is still popular today.It has really _ the test of time.Afailed BstoodCtaken DconductedB 栏目导引语法精讲考点整合语法专练知能闯关第二部分 第四讲
